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Genetics, Linguistics, and Prehistoric Migrations [DNA Analysis] (32 pages)
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Page: of 32
ARTICLE . Genetics, Linguistics, and Prehistoric Migrations: An Analysis of California Indian Mitochondrial DNA Lineages . Johnson / Lorenz 39
N= @ Towns with mtDNA lineages
e@ Other Villages
(2) Number of mtDNA lineages
from town
oOo 5 10 20 30 40
Ses Miles
0510 20 30 40
CeCe eee Kilometers
(1)
Figure 2. Origins of mtDNA lineages from Chumash towns and villages.
one Cruzejfio lineage. The Northern Chumash samples
include one from a woman born in Tipu in the upper
Salinas River watershed, one from a woman from
Tsipxatu at Avila Beach, and one from a woman listed as
being from Mission San Luis Obispo in the applications
of her descendants in the 1928-1933 California Indian
enrollment. Potentially, this last mentioned individual
could also have been a Yokuts woman, because many
people from Valley Yokuts tribes were baptized at
San Luis Obispo; however, her mention among John
Harrington’s Obispefio field notes has led us to include
her among the Northern Chumash lineages until such
time as her identity in mission records can be established
with certainty.
All but one of the Central Chumash samples and
the single Cruzefio sample are traceable through their
direct female lineages back to their original ancestral
towns and villages. The two Purisimefio lineages descend
from women born at Kashtayit (Santa Anita Creek) and
’Onomyo (Gaviota) along the western Santa Barbara
Channel coast. The five Inesefio matrilines descend from
two women born at Kalawashaq’, one woman from
Soxtonokmu’, one woman from Mi’asap, and one woman
from Shnaxalyiwi. The four Barbarefio lineages descend
from two women from Mikiw (Dos Pueblos), one woman
from Syuxtun (Santa Barbara), and one woman from
Shuku (Rincon). Five Venturefio samples descend from
women born at Shisholop (Ventura), Mat’ilha (Matilija),
Mupu (Santa Paula), Kayiwish (Cayegues), and Muwu
(Mugu). A sixth Venturefio lineage descends from a
woman named Maria Tarango, who was reported by John
Harrington to have spoken the Ventureiio Chumash
language, but whose identity in the mission records has
proven elusive. The Cruzeno matriline stems from a
woman born at Hichimin on Santa Rosa Island who was
baptized at Mission Santa Inés.