January 13, 1854 (4 pages)

west of the Mississippi. situated. The Act is construed to include “ all lands . of the state to demand their removal,” the fact that subject to periodical overflow by the influx and} by the proposed plan, “a mixed occupancy of the currents from the rivers.” Lands of this de-. same territory by the white and red man,” ‘is to be ecription in the valley of the Mississippi pass ae ee ee the happiness of both, cae aad ice ies oh thoy way be eultiought de initely to settle the question, and induce by this grant, even > y, May the government to abandon a * policy, the inmpracvated for a part of the year without levee or _ ticability of which has been clearly demonstrated.” drain. . As ii aha orgs But as they require such protection for per. California are involved in this question, it is to be + or . hoped itywill receive, as it its, y i iate . > fitable cultivation, they come . : oO) cies: ceeecets, your immediate manent and pro 4 ’ . . #8 Wells careful aud dispassionate consideration, . within the spirit and purview of the Act, and] and that you will insist tha€in California there shall which swamp and overflowed lands may be ‘more than forty thousand Indians to theirnew homes port of whom the city of San Franeisco is responsii . ble to the Staie. But, if there even existed doubts as to the ~ right As important rights and interests of the State of . pass to the States in which they lie, by virtue . be no departure fro: the Indian policy which has so of its provisions. The Act will doubtless reecive the same construction, when its, provisions shall be applied to the swamp lands in the State of California. By it, the State, it is believed, acquires absomany streams within her limits, except so far as they muy be held by private individuals, To avail ourselves of the benefit of this Act. as suggested in my last annual message, “ steps should be taken and-an economical plan of operations devised, to effect the carly reclama. tion of the laids thereby donated. Hundreds . of our enterprising citizens have already located on these Jands, and at considerable expense and labor, made valuable improvements therecon.— . Justice and sound policy require that they . should be secured in their possessions on the . most reasonable terms. The more liberal the j terms, the more certain “and prompt will be . their reclamation and improvement. Their} spegdy setticment and cultivation is a matter of. great moment to the State, because it will add! immensely to the amount of takable property ;. and thus, of course, greatly increase our revenue. . A partial knowledge of the location of these . Jands, as well as careful reflection, have satisfied . me that their reclamation can be best effected . by donating them to actual settlers, in fixed quantities, upon the same terms that we have received them from the General Government._The State must either reclaim each tract as sold, or devise a gencral pian of operations, which. by meaus of drains or levees, will reclaim the whole. Such a work will not only require years of labor, and much more treasure than will ever be realized from their sale, but will delay their improvement and greatly retard the prosperity of the State. J, therefore, recommend the passage of an Act donating these lands to actual settlers, in quantities not exceeding three hundred and twenty aeres, if such limitation be considered judicious, as a means of reclamation, upon condition that the settler shall defray the expense of selection, and withina stated period reclaim the land occupied; the land to be subject to taxation f-om and after the day of location.” I still adhere to the opinion expressed in my fast annual message, thatthe “ sale or lease of the mineral lands by the Gencral Government, would exert a blighting influence wpon the advaneing prosperity of our growlag State, and paralyze the energics of the cnterprising body of men now engaged in developing the mineral resources of California. At present there are no exactions upon labor in the mines, and the reasons, indeed, numerous and cogent why the National Government, in commen justice, should iinpose no additional cxactious upon the industry aufl enterprise of our people, or pursue a course of policy favored by none except those interested in the establishment of powerful monopolies, against the domination of which Government should assiduously guard. . The legislature of 1852,it will be remembered, protested aguinst the policy of locating the Indians within the state upon reservations of land set apart for that purpose ; und that the several treaties made, by the Indian Comunissioners in the year 1851 and 1852, in each of which it is believed provision was made for a reservation ofland, were all unanimeusly rejected by the United States senate. The action of the senate was regarded by the authorities and people of California as a definite settlement of the question, rendering further action on the subject on their part unnecessary. But it would now seem we were mistaken—that the wishes of the people of the state, as expressed by the Legis. lature of 1852, are te be disregarded, and the wise and humane policy, adopted nearly a century ago, of locating the Indians without the limits of sovereign states, and distant from white population,-so far as California is concerned at least, is to be abandoned. The superintendent of Indian affairs in California, acting under a law of Congress, passed at the last session, which authorizes him to locate the various tribes, either Within the state or on territory without its limits, is said now to be engaged in collecting them together with the design of locating them permanently at several points within the state. In order the more fully to understand the authority on which is based the present and contemplated action of the Superintendent of Indian Affairs, I subjoin an extract from a law of Congress passed March 3, 1253, entitled ** An Act making appropriations for the current and contingent expenses of the Indian Department, and for fulfilling treaty stipnlations with various tribes forthe year ending June 30, 1854,” viz. “That the President ef the United States, if, upon examination, he shal! approve of the pian hereafter provided for the protection of the Tadians” be, andis hereby authorized to make five military reservations from the public domain in the state of California, or the territories of Utah and New Mexico, bordering on said State for Indian purposes: Provided, That said reservations shall not contain more than twenty-five thousand acres in each; And provided further, That said reservations shall not be made upon any lauds inhabited by citizens of California ; and the sum of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars is hereby appropriated out of any money inthe treasury not otherwise appropriated, to defray the expense of subsisting the Indians in California, and removing them to said reservations for protection ; Provided further, it the foregoing plan shall be adopted by the President, the three Indian ageneies in California shall be thereupon abolished. In this connection, I would call your attention to the proviso to the sixth section of an act entitled an ** Act to provide for the survey o! the public lands in long received the sanction of the government of the United States. i The whole number of school land warrants issued under the act of 1852, entitled “An act to provide for the disposal of the five hundred thousand acres of land granted to the state by act of Conzress,” js . i : , " ; ¥ ac vongress, /ready for oceupancy in abont ten days. lute control of the overflowed valleys of the . P¢ thousand ove hundred and twenty-seven. Of! > laet “ this number, eight hundred and six authorize each holder tolocate one hundred and sixty acres; and three hundred and twenty-one authorize each holder to locate threehundred and twenty acres. Iu this manner, two hundred und_ thirty-one thousand, six hundred and eighty acres bave been sold. . Additional legislation on this subject may be found necessary at the present session to prevent a monopoly of these lands, and preserve inviolate the pledg ed faith of the state, as well 4s to secure the lands remaining unsold; the latter of which can be efiected, either by proper amendments to the existing law, or by authorizing their selection by agents of the state. = The accruing interest on the fund realized from the sale of these lands by the constitution, is set aside for the support of commonschools, and cannot therefore be appropriated to any other purpose.— This fund is the common iuheritance of théchildren of the state ; a fact which, it is believed, cannot failt induce on your part early and decided action in the premises. Tn providing for the sale of these lands it is but jn.~ to state that the Legislature was not unmindful j of other important interests, and therofore fixed the prive at two dollars per acre, which, in state serip, amounted to but a trifle, ifany more, than is now exacted by the United States. In framing the law so as to place this land within the reach of all desirous of engaging in the cultivation of the soil, there existed another difficulty, The act of Congresr donating the land, required the state to locate not less than three hundred and twenty acres, at any one point. To meetthis obstacle and protect the settler, as far as possible, warrants authorizing the location of one hundred and sixty acres of land were issued, allowing two settlers to located upon the same tract, in all cases necessary for their acccommodation. In this manner. about four hundred divisions of the amount authorized to be selected by act of Congress, have been effected, promoting materially the intercsts of those who were unable to purchase, or who really required no more than ono hundred and s!xty acres The report of the Superintendent of Public Instruction, soon to be presented, will no doubt contain much useful information on the subject of Common School Education. Thefund set apart for this important object, the interest on which is to be appropriated annuaily, now amounts to $463.360, leaving 262,320 acres of land to be so'd exclusive of the 26th and 36th sections of public lands, donated for the same purpose, by oct of Congress, approved March 3d, 1853. The amount of land to which the State is entitled under the act of March 3d, 1853, is 5,201,244 acres, to which add the 500,000 acres appropriated by the act of 1841, and we have a total of five million, seven hundred and one thousand, two hundred and forty-four acies of school lands, whieh, if sold a: the price fixed in the existing law, $2 per acre, will yield the sum of $11,401,082, the interest on which, at7 per cent would annually amount te the sum of $792,174.16. A sum amply sufficient to sustain a system of education greatly superior to that of any of our sister states. The Governor next proceeds to illustrate the importance of an efficient system of education, and the best way in which the funds arising from a sale of the school lands can be applied. He als@ recommends the revisal of onr militia system, to givesecurity against Indian and other aggressions. The Aet entitled ‘An act to provide for the Public Printing,” approved April 29th, 1852, au thorized the Governor and Comptroller ‘‘to receive proposals, and enter into a contract with the persons proposing to de the work at the lowest and most advantageous terms to the State.’ After having given the notice required by law, on the designated day, the two bids reeeived were opened and compared, and the contract awarded to the lowest bidder. Notwithstanding the work was awarded, as re-. bor, and written notice of the same at the . : ; : Working . "0 matter how strong it may feel itself.— quired by lawfto the lowest bidder, and the accounts rendered and settled in striet conformity with the rates stipulated in the contract, the public printing is understeod to have cost more in the aggregate than it would have done if executed at the prices fixed in a bill, which passed the Assembly during the same session, and for which the existing aci was substituted in the Senate. The contract system, I would here state, after having been fully and fairly tested, has been abandoned by most of the States, as well as by the National Government. in erder ta remove just cause of complaint, and secure the prompt execution of the public printing on the most faverable terms possible, 1 would respectfully recommend the passage of an act creating the office of State Printer, and author‘sing the election of that ofticer by the Legislature. Let the same act, also establish fairand reasonable prices fer the different descriptions of public printing required—define the size of pages—the kind of letter to be used, respectiv: ly in Legislative reperts, the laws, journals and bills—the number of ems each page shall contain—the matter to be as compact as possible in the pages, without injury to the appearance of the work, and reserve to the Comptroller, the right, in the settlement of the printing accounts, after examining carefully the Work executed, to allow or refuse compensation for blank pages. The fact, that at the time the existing contract for public printing was entered into, State script did notcommaad, in the market. more than seventy-five cents on the dollar, and that now, ninetythree cin readily be obtained, would alone justify a considerable reduction in prices, The exercise of proper care and judgment, both as to matter and amount, in ordering printing to be executed, permit me here to remark, is equally as ; MeceSsary, as measure of reform, asthe reduction . of prices to a faircash standard. [t is believed that, heretufore, more printing has been ordcred and executed during the session than was absolutely re_ The act entitled ‘‘ an Act to provide for the erec. tien of a State Prison, ” passed May 1, 1852, it will be recollected, was repealed by the last Legisla. ture and the contract, which had been made in pur. {suance of it, declared null anal void. . By an act passed May 11, 1853, entitled ‘an Act . providing for the erection of a State Prison, and ‘declaring null and void the existing State Prison contiact,” the Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of . State and Treasurer of State, were constituted a Board cf Commissioners, and authorized to enter ‘into anew contract for Prison buildings, of sufficient dimensions to accommedate two hundred and fifty prisoners. The Board of Commissioners, as authorized by the Act, on the fifth day of July, . entered into a contract with Thomas D. Johns for . the requisite Prison Buildings. . The building authorized by the centract to be ierected, it is understeod, will be completed and When re. ported finished by the contractor, the werk will be carefully examined by the Commissioners, and if . found te be executed according .o contract, will . be received by them, on behalf of the State. The whole number of convicts, on the 30th of December, was two hundred and forty two; two hundred and forty males and two females. The project ef connecting the Pacifie with the Atlantie ocean, by means of a rail road across the centinent, it can, with truth, be said, is favored by the whole people of California; and, they, too, are as deeply interested in its speedy completion as those of any othersection of the Union. The subject during the past year has engaged so much of their attention, that it would be superfluous, at this time, for me to point out, at lemeth, the great commercial advantages to be derived from it, or to present facts demonstrative of its practicability.— The people of this, the youngest of the sovercign states, probably appreeiate the importance ef this great work to the Union; and they unanimously favor it, not only as a measurt which must incalculably advance all the great interests of the Pacific country, and add greatly toits wealth and prosperity, but because it wiliconnect in interest, as they are now united in feeling, the ;eople of the extreme sections of his great confederacy. $0 far as California is concerned, it is only necessary to give the assurance thrt her assistance will be cheerfully extended im every form consistent with her own and the constitation of the United States. The Governor refers at ength to the duty of the general government to improve the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers. References are also made to several reports accompanying the message. The Governor concludes as follows : Imploring the Great Creator of the Universe to direct you in all your deliberations, the rights, interests and honor of the free peorle of a sovereign state are committed to your enlightened and protecting care. JOHN BIGLER. Blue Lead Mining Laws, At a meeting of miners interested in the mining locality herein described, held pursuant to an adjourned meeting, in Nevada city, Nevada county, State of California, January 10th, 1854. O. H. Cambridge was called to the chair, and S. B. Worden was appointed Secretary. The following Laws were read and adopted, viz: Section Ist—The name of this mining ground shall be called the “Blue Lead Mining District.” 2d.—It shall be bounded as follows : beginning at Miller’s reservoir on the Eastern line of the Mancenita District, thence along the Deer Creek ditch to little Musqueto creek, thence North to the summit of the ridge, thence following the same westerly to the eastern boundary of the Mancenita District, thence along said boundary line to the place of beginning. 3.—Each claim shall be one hundred i feet wide, occupying the width of the dis' trict, or from Deer creek ditch te the summit of the ridge. 4th.— That cach claim or companies claim, shall be worked every ten days . (Sundays excepted) with one full days la. . place where the work is done. on one claim, cut, or tunnel, of the com-~ . panies of those concerned when adjoining, . to be considered as work on the whole, or forfeited. 5th.—That no person shall hold more than one claim at a time by location. He as are worked according to these laws, providing he has a bona fide bill of sal>. 6th.—There shall be a Recorder electe for the term of one year, whose duty it { ' Usonta Donrnal. A. A. SARGENT, EDITOR, FRIDAY MORNING, JANUARY 13. . 1 . Too Fast, . t ' of a Democrat of the Broderick wing of . that party, and that Gen. J. Winchester has bee tendered the editorship and con‘trol of the cencern., There must be some mistake about this, as E. R. Budd has been for the last year and a half, oNE-HAL¥ owner of the concern, and two weeks ago he and John P. Skelton, (both Whigs, by the way,) purchased the other half of A. A. Sargent, which we expect to hold for the good of ourselves and ourcountry. It matters but little to us whether Gen. Winchester accepts or net, as his editeiials will probably lie wader the table a week or two before being taken under consideration. The Journal has not passed into the hands of the democratic party, nor have we tendered the editorship to any one, save the one whose name stands at the editorial head. E. R. Bupp, Joun P. SkEvToN. Stage Monopoly. The Sacramento Union, on the authority of James Birch, “ corrects” a statement that the fares of the Nevada stage lines have been increased. The correction is incorrect! ‘The fares on the Sacramento and Marysville lines have both been raised about twenty-five per cent., and the monopoly, of which Birch is president, now charges that difference above what the public paid for months previous. This change was not induced by a hard winter. The roads have been good, grain and hay have been cheap, and no reason for the change except the grasp'ng character and the opportunity possessed by the monopolists, can be given. The combination had for its avowed object the keeping of others than the present dynasty from creating stage lines. Persons were prepared with all the facilities of good stock, carriages, &c., to put on lines at the most eligible points in the State. Perhaps the best way to prevent this was the consolidation of all the large companies in the State. By their united capital they ara able to break down any less formidable association, and secure their business on every route from compeHaving armed themselves with this power, they are able to raise prices to tition. snit themselves; and despite the “correcta capital &tock of $1,000,000 Sn ions” of interested parties, have actually halceady enhanced rates of travel to a ru. inous figure. } But this grand consolidated monopoly is not superior to public opinion and action, edge of the } izens of Sacramento, Auburn, Rough and Ready, Grass Valley and Nevada sign an agreement to give their patronage and influence to any rival company that will start a line between here and Sacramento, at the old or proper rates, and such a comq Pany can drive out this monopoly. Our limited space will not allow us toshall be to record these laws and all oth-. day to pay further attention to this subers that may be passed hereafter, ina book ject, but we shall refer to it again at for that purpose—to record all claims, transfers, and bills of sale, who shall receive for his services the sum of fifty cents for each claim recorded. 7th —Each company shall have its ground defined by substantial stakes, with notices of the number of claims held, name . may, however, hold as many by purchase of the company, date of location, and. from the Sonora expedition. length. ——Se From Sonera. We learn from the San Francisco Eve. umg JPost that the steamer Southerner nas arrived from the south, with later news The bark the name of each individual in companies. Anita had arrived on the 20th inst., with shall have their names written with ink,. , +e-inforcement of 230 men. and signed on the renewal notice according to section 4th. On their arrival the natives fled, and nothing more ee . . ment ofits vast resources in the precious metals . ; South Yuba Canal. The great length ef the message we Editor of the Nevada Jonrnal—Dear Sir:— publish to-day precludes the publication of In the Sacramento Union, of the 7th inst.,. ™uch interes ng matter. It is a blessing a correspondent at Grass Valley, under the. that such inflictions come but once in a signature of “ R. P. H.” in adverting to the) oar acknowledged importance of urtificial water . 9 °""" courses in the mining districts, for the developSeveral “poetical” contributions are on an able pen) makes the following remarks in the petitions } publish, while some of them relation to the South Yuba mining and saeLet the merchants and other principal cit. 8th.—That all disputed claims shall be . W#S See” of them. The next day Capt. G. decided (if the parties choose) by arbitra-. A. Davidson, with 65 men, had taken the tion. Each party may choosea disinter-. town of Santa Tomas. Melendrez and ested man, and the two a third disinteresNegreta had fied and their property at LoCalifornia, the granting of Pre-emption Rights there-. quired for the information of the people, or to facili r * sed March 3, 1853 itute and secure enlightened legislati By the in, and tor other —— oes } . ? > “ as cot a ape oi Fs rh pape ion. By r= e And. turther provided, that this act shall not be) exercise of sound discretion in this respect, the eonstrucd to “sor yrege any hee Ripes to be made oo of printing, no doubt, can be greatly reany tract oi land in the occupation or possession ol} 4 us i ay : : any Indian tribe, or to grant any pre-emption right] ‘The at hover reductions proposed, would, it _” Is anticipated, in the aggregate, lessen the expentu the same. aS dig t ; Sgregate, It will be observed that by the oral a = } poapt be apes or etme 4 more than rendered at least questionable whether the United . one thir 1¢ Waole amount now paid. : Etates do not fully recognize a title in the Indians . The last Legislature having adjourned without to all lands withont limitation, now in their occupaelecting a Quartermaster General, and the Physition or possession, and entirely preclude the possi-. cians and Trustees for the State Marine Hespital bility of their settlement by our own citizens. Should . in the city of San Francisco, and the Asylum for the tie Indians, now in the ‘occupation ar possession’ of Insane at Stockton, as required by law, the duty lands. refuse toremove aud be located = es a . of filling — vacancies, until the meeting of this tewplated reservations, the white settler, by the . Legislature, devolved on the Executive. : pioviso, is clearly debarred from obtaining any pre-. ‘The appointments were made, and the incumwou; tun right to lands in their occupation or posses-. bents will hold their offices until their successors ein. . shall have been elected by the Legislature. It is Impressed with the conviction that the policy indihoped that this important matter will receive immecated by this act, if carried into effect, cannot fail {o . diate attention. ' exercise a blighting influence on the fature prosper-. In California the afflicted and infirm have ever ity of California, and result in great injury to the In. been the objects cf peculiar care and protection.— dians themselves, I trust you will feel called upon to} To the appeals of the sick and destitute, the aged assert the rights of the State, and to remonstrate . and infirm, the young and jelpless, the ——y ; H 7 oy rainst its consummation. aesk . our people have ever been open, and the hand o a certainly exists at this time no good reason . charity freely extended. : for a departure with reference to Calitornia, from the; Private benevelence has done much, and will, settled policy of the government. . doubtless, do more, towards alleviating the wants The plan of removing the Indian tribes, and loca. of saffering humauity in our midst ; but to the State ting them without the states was first adopted by . do the people look for that extended aid to the sick ted man, to arbitrate the matter. i 9th—That the Arbitrator’s fees shall. 8*lla was taken. be the same as allowed by the County The Mexican government has confiscaCourts to Jurors, and paid by the party. ted the property of Mellendrez, he being in default. 10th.—That these laws may be altered. ),4. endeavored or amended by giving ten days notice and signed by twelve interested miners of this outlawed by a military commandant. He to obtain it by trying to drive the expedition from the country, to district, stating the object in writing, and. do which he has forced the matives to ensticking up said notices in five of the most . roll under his banner. conspicuous places in this district, by vote of two-thirds the miners interested in the lead, being present at such meeting. The fillibusters besieged the town several days. During the first day lieut. Mc1lth—That S. B Worden be and is. Mibbins was killed; captain Gilman was hereby elected Recorder. severely wounded. On the Sth the filli12th—That we request the editor to. busters completely routed them, killing 8 publish these laws in the Nevada Jeurnal 15th.—On motion adjourned. O. H. CAMBRIDGE Pres’t. S. B. WORDEN, Sec’y. Nevada, Jan. 10th, 1354. The San Francisco Evening News says: ‘land wounding several. The flag of two stars more waves triumphantly over Lower California, and every thing is now quiet. Yuba Ditch.—We ask attention to the an act of Congress passed May 26th, 1804, and by the act of June, 1834, a large section of country was . laid off as Indian territory, to which the Indians! east of the Mississippi were from time removed. In this way the Creeks,the Cherokces,the Chickasaws, the Seminoles, and other tribes were deported. In speaking of this wise and huinane policy, Presideut Jackson, in his second anuual message, Says: . “It gives me pleasure to announce to Congress that the benevolent policy of government, steadily pursued for thirty years, in relation to the removal of the Indians, beyond the white settlements, is approacbing to a happy consummation. The consequences of a speedy removal will be important to the United States, to individual states. and to the Indians themselves. It puts anend to all possible danger of collision between the authorities of the General and State Governmonts on account of the Indians. It will place a dense and civilized population on large tracts ef land, now occupied by a few savage hunters.” Before concluding he announces this policy to be an object of much solicie . tude, and adds, “in the consum nation of a policy, . originating at an early period, and steadily pursued . by every administration within the present century, . so just to the states, and so generous to the Indians, . the Executive feels it bas a right te expect the cooperation of Congress, and of all good and disinterested men. The states, moreover have a right to demand it. It was substantially a — 0 bard contract which made them members of the = ogi eracy. With Georgia this is an express ay oe . with the new States, an implied one of equal obliga. the government of the United States, in Lac ance of this policy, up to Dec. 1839, had ee si the Indian title to about oe at of seventy two millions of acres of land, at a J 0. millions, five hundred and sixty soapen and aa ‘six dollars, and upto the same date, had rem and insane, which their condition and necessities demand. In providing for the sick and insane, large sums of money have been annually expended by the State and a portion of the existing debt thereby incurred. ‘The State Marine Hospital has, during the year. cost the State more than forty thousand dollars, over and above the special tax allotted to it by law. The Insane Asylum, at Stockton, including the buildings erected, has also during the year, cost the State a large sum from the general fand. If possible, prevision should be made for a more economical administration ef those institutions, and expenditures so tar reduced, at least, as heretofore to render unnecessary appropriatiens from the general fund, During the year, about seventy five thousand dollars have been paid from the general fund in erecting buildings tor the insane, in the city of Stockton. The principal, or brick edifice, is one hundred and thirty fect ir length, fifty fect in width, two stories high, is well finished and furnished, ard the interior arrangements admirably adapted to the purpose for which it was erected. Tke other, a frame structure, is forty feet square, and well finished. There are about onc hundred and twenty acres of very superior land attached to the Asylum, a small portion of which has been enclosed. The whole number of insane in the establishmenton the 15th of December, 18°3, was one hundred and enc—ninety one males and ten females. The whole nuuber of patients admitted into the tate Marine Hospital at San Francisco, since the first of July last, was fourteen hundred and forty five males, and forty two females. On the twenty third of December, 1853, there were in the Hospital three hundred male paticnts, and eleven females. Of the whole number admitted since July, nine hundred and twenty one were patients for the Eup*. < u Ww communication of the secretary of this comPERCANTILE “AUCTION MIOUSES.—— NV €! pany in to-day’s paper. We have often a sre about Clstiie tb tie yon salscded the advantages of this undertaness in consequence of the dullness of the. king, and we are pleased to know that it is trade. likely to be soon in the course of construcMas. Tompxixs.—It will be remember-. tion. It will unloek untold wealth in this ed tha this steamer went ashore outside the. region, and reward beyond the most sanaHeads, early in October last. She was. guine anticipations, the enterprising progotten off, homely overhauled, and will] . M resume her trips to Monterey te-morrow. . J&CtoTs: 1 aaleninceasbpugac tie . DisastEr.—Yesterday the Danish brig) 6 We learn that a —— ag Henrich broke from her moorings and ran. at Little York on the evening of Jan. 11th, . afoul of a barque carrying away her jib-. to ascertain the practicability of a wagon . boom, and the fore yard of the barque, be-) road from Little York to Steep Hollow. A'. sides doing considerable other damage. committee of seven was appointed to sur. We have had but little rain during the. yey the proposed road, and report at an . week. ‘Ihe weather generally has been adjourned meeting. quite cold, ice having formed several nights yea The concerts given by the Negro . to the thickness of half aninch. Yesterday was cleat, cold and windy. The. Melodists the past week, were very pope . prayer of the miner is for rain, rain!—. ), 314 successful. The “boys” got their . suis sg Ce eee _ ,. pockets full, and furnished pleasant amuse. Should the population of the United. on: at the sametime. . States progress for one century mere as it ) has os for the past sixty years, and the The benefit of Mr. Van mrss a Union continue, the number of its inhabi-. Wednesday evening, went off well, saad tants would exceed 300,000,000. ‘he had a good house. mp4 ramento Canal company :— violate every principle of poetry. We will e have more space. “ There is not a more inviting scheme to. the . consider till capitalist, one that would yield a more mag-. The proceedings of a public dinner at jnificent, coustant and permaneut return upon the investment, than that which would have for . Grass Valley in honor of the editor of this shes the ——— _ a large canal} poper, on Tuesday last, by his friends of eading the waters of the Sonth Yuba into Grass : ; : Valley and its vicinity. The route, through both paves, e pnayoidably crowded mg the auspices of a company organization, has To his niany friends who participated in long since been surveyed, but of practieal . this eratifyi d j . ‘ , reties ing demonstration, he profers moment nothing furthe: has been done. Why. , . 5 ae ‘ P it is that the project has so long remained dorhis sincere acknowledgemeuts. mant, we are unable to say. We shall be _ happy for the welfare of our country that they The Grass Valley Zelegraph, under the are not playing the part of the dog in the mau-. ad:ninistration of Messrs. Oliver & Moore, ger——for from the valley borders to the monntain tops the cry is water! water! If they are has been enlarged, and here incompetent to follow this survey with the . ful appearanee. actual work—to build a canal for the want of money, let them open the fertile fields to the magic capital of the millions under which the . lithographic view of Nevada, from a davaults of monied men are groaning for the want of a suitable chance for inves ment.” guerotype by Kilbourne, which far exceeds _ In reply to these strictures upon the transac-. . . es di — ee tions of the company, I beg leave to state for . kind heretofore published. the information of the correspondent of the Union, and the public generally, that it has Mr. J. S. Posten has opened a confecnot been the forte of this company to ostenta, ) tionary establishment on Main street, and tively announce their acts or the merits of their = : ; enterprise to a discerning public for the pursonpninde, -rerr beta dec wander te pose of gaining a prestige to which they were . He understands his art, says Nat, and he’s not entitled—but on the contrary whenever a judge they have appeared before a discriminating com— Ka EE Le 2 munity in the advocacy of the merits of their. © Nicirr Wate —We think it would be enterprise they have studiously avoided maki . . é naking Sh as : j representations which could not be substantiawell for our citizens who value the safety ted by incontrovertible facts. Nor on the other . Of the city from fires, te see that the preshand can they be charged, with show i eerste Pb yt a ae ae ent efficient night-watchman, Mr. A. R. . holding from the mining interests an enterprise Jenking * netsctaside by the new town so thoroughly identified with the the people. The following fac with the history of the com; clusive on this point. Karly in June 1851, and immediately . ree Ul Say ity f i my mrs ee immediately after . tunate as to three times save the city from 1¢ competion of the first water course for I { i mining purposes-—of any importance, a reconen wee . the route was made by the projec-. the sense of security his services give to ors, Which Was Imincdiately followed up by ; i Ss J aed cy. W $ : —_ petiinery servey end te ae P»Y2\ the public, we surgest that whatever ac« ; £ practicability . rw of the enterprise announced in the Nevada . tion may be taken by the town authoritics, . Journal in which great work, the public were . that the services of Mr. Jenkins be retaininvited to participate. Such however was the . : rim . want of faith in the utility of the undertaking . sere ad pops that it met with no favor or saooae . but was pronounced not only chimerical in its inception, but te ‘for and impracticable. . prejudice against the enter . been folly for the company to have then per-. sisted in urging the merits of their elaims nnd jheavy rain. It commenced on Weduesday With much reluctance and po vr ining . ‘ iu ~erel,. 2. Mining . .> } at Pa em : petmenteerane depicting es RSS MS . night, abou clock, an as inue . season was permitted to intervene—when the) © " Sly ' oe growing and fast increasing wants of the mincr, . to rain smart ¥ till the time we go to press _seen l to authorize the re-ugitation of the ques. —about 11 ofelock on Thursday nizht — lion. Public notice was therefore eiveu and Tl ! * in accordance therewith, subscription books to. ¢!& 2PPearances are that we shall have a opened in . fain of several days duration, sufficient to We are indebted to Mr. Potter for a prosperity of . organization. ts connected pany must be conMr. Jenkins organized this watch about three years ago, has zealously attended to his duties, and has been go forconflagration. Too much care en te guard against fires, and visionary and/a few dollars spent in this way, may save “tiga name sgag Coo Tee , ’ With this popular ated dae ; ‘prise it: would haye . encouragement, . cannot be ta tain.— At last we are enjoyirg a fin Nevada Grass Valley a : j sveVada, rrass Valley, Marysville, Sacramento . i . i bb ‘ : ese Oe oe )#et miners at Worx, an lve jand San Franciseo——but months passed and . in 2 8 rine menee So mote it be. Lack still the company were without sufficient en-. pulse to business, ,couragement to proceed. The proprietors had! of water is almost as great a calamity xs a ‘to learn, amid all the unparalled prosperity of . fire " : the country——aud in the face of 2 full knowl: . te aramount value and necessity of . Cbants from making their payments, and the work ,—at the present time universally ;mitted even by those who at It checks business, prevent mer. r _—— iy ri acest the enterprise of the state. We ‘ ile cr nl : : i . leary at so ank ‘ 3. Sanahion::-thed . 1 that some of the banking firms be spare capital to. !ow have recently been compelled to ship igave it their unqualified con California had no surplus or prosecute with suecess an enterprise of so creat . eain 3 vu i ‘Tprise GO: 80 great} coin instead of dust to mee : rafts a magnitude. In other words, that the monthly . Sg Pm gh , returns of capital invested in the individual . 1 ¢ ye Pe ‘ . wes ¢« ° . : 3 i I ili i . oF 1 eerste! commerce and vi trade. were so. The state of things prevailing in the state . Femunerative, that no inducement however . the past month. if canti . ch] 21 ‘flattering in it3 character and notwithstanding NPCMOUESS aod ean jalamstt aa . the acknowledged legitimacy of the object jmust have ruined many. , could prevail on men of means to diyert cvena ; Sa See ai . portion of ther wealth into this new channel.-Ke” A large meeting of merchants was . Under these adverse circumstances, with an un-. held at San Fraucisco on Monday last, to . willinzuess to involve themselves in finan«ial ; . embarrassinents,suc h as have been too ofien witee on-concurrence with the late de . nessed in the mining revions in prosceuting sim-. Cision ef the Supeme Court declaring the lar projects on a lesser scale, resulting ina quad-. revenue act constitutional. ij ruple cost of the works—-for the want ofa land ready means, the es were made. owing toa failure in the supply of dust.— Able speechfample Counsel w ins ; company during the ae PERO atretOe . past summer directed its attention to procnring . to appeal cases to the United States Su: . the requisite capital from abroad; in furtherperks: i rye aspecial agent—with full . Leann es erllew aha poWer, sailed for New York and London in. .~< “ . ] 4 tine Jast and such was the character ie the . pe cemeegty eben potion — advices received from him on his arrival, that . Marysville, op the 9th,upon Keble, for the the company at once placed men upon the line} murder of Holsclaw at Keystone Ranch of the works finally surveyed, whose labor was r : 7 only suspended upon the setting in of the winlast November. He is to hang en the 17th ter season, which made it impossible to progress} —a quick dispatch ! further until the melting of the snows, Subsequent advices from the company’s agent, give the pleasing intelligence that no doubt now remains of a speedy and full accomplishment of his important mission-——in which event ;preme Court. . . BARES oF WYO Re Shae oe Re ee a reg The Win-dy Guards met in front of the Orleans at Sacramento on the 8th, moep entender 5. ‘lhe and burlesqueil the projected military cen1¢ friends of the enterprise may look forward : la ae with confidence upon the opening of the spring. ee en eee oe to witnessing a thousand men, if need be, upon. Was made by that body to assemble. the line of the works and to its full completion . at the close of the dry season of the present! The steamer Ranger blew up on the 9th year, through a vast mining region now far. aichtacmdc gh aes . between San Francisco and Alameda, kill Respectfully yours, T. W. Corsurx, . 18 five or six people. Secretary of the Sonth Yuba mining and Sacra-. unsafe boat. mento Canal company. It wasa small and Squibeb has again got possession of the Fire.—AA fire was detected on Sunday morn-. San Diego Herald, and is making it muing on the roof of Stuart & Searls’ office on . Broad street, ignited from the stove pipe. It was extinguished before much damage was done. sical, a a Business has been extremely dull the jpast week, and the aspect of things most discouraging. SmatL Pox.--This disease is prevailing to some extent in town. Persons should be careful not to incautiously enter houses where it exists. Those who have not availed themselves of the safe-guard of vaccination should do so, as it is held by eminent physicians to be effectual. Too much care cannot be taken to avoid this loathsome disease. It is confidently declared by those most conversant with the legislature, that Brederick will be elected U. S. Senator this session. Ba=> The claim of Col: Fromont to the large’ tract of land in Mariposa county has been rejected by a ddcision of the United Stutes District Court. . Exce.entty Wet.—The capacity of these mountainous regions is getting to be indisputable. We learn that alady named = a OS The Legislature has done little work thus far. The neta has been inaugurated, committees appginted, and several other preparations made preparatory to the business of the session. We see no reason why the session cannot be compressed into a space of four months, if the legislators will do it. living near Brush creek, presented her husband the past weck with a pair of fine girl twins, weighing in the aggregate 163 pounds. They and mother are doing well. This is the second pair of twins in that, neighborhood, which is honored with the name of T'winville. Sacacity or & Horsz.—When the fine sorrel horse, Santa Anna, fell yesterday, in the race, owing to a soft place in the eourse, the noble animal turned to his fallen rider, and actually tried to hold him. A looker on says the horse seemed to be trying to’ put the rider upon his back again, and evinced a genuine sympathy for his injured companion, which was in strange contrast with some humans on the ground, who did not seem to care foranything but their . bets. — Washington Star. z 7s a . Quite a shock of an earthquake was ‘2!+ ee eee by many of our citizens yesterday even place one wee! from next Saturday. BeS~ There is scarcely a doubt that the capital will be removed to Sacramento, and we expect to see the matter so disposed of very shortly. The people of this county favor the removal. We think we speak on careful examination of the question. A petition for removal was stated a few evenings ago to ascertain the wishes of the citizens of Nevada in reference to the matter, and in an hour four pages of names were procured, so that the Jocument was sent off by the same night's stage Te 6 woth -

west of the Mississippi. situated. The Act is construed to include “ all lands . of the state to demand their removal,” the fact that subject to periodical overflow by the influx and} by the proposed plan, “a mixed occupancy of the currents from the rivers.” Lands of this de-. same territory by the white and red man,” ‘is to be ecription in the valley of the Mississippi pass ae ee ee the happiness of both, cae aad ice ies oh thoy way be eultiought de initely to settle the question, and induce by this grant, even > y, May the government to abandon a * policy, the inmpracvated for a part of the year without levee or _ ticability of which has been clearly demonstrated.” drain. . As ii aha orgs But as they require such protection for per. California are involved in this question, it is to be + or . hoped itywill receive, as it its, y i iate . > fitable cultivation, they come . : oO) cies: ceeecets, your immediate manent and pro 4 ’ . . #8 Wells careful aud dispassionate consideration, . within the spirit and purview of the Act, and] and that you will insist tha€in California there shall which swamp and overflowed lands may be ‘more than forty thousand Indians to theirnew homes port of whom the city of San Franeisco is responsii . ble to the Staie. But, if there even existed doubts as to the ~ right As important rights and interests of the State of . pass to the States in which they lie, by virtue . be no departure fro: the Indian policy which has so of its provisions. The Act will doubtless reecive the same construction, when its, provisions shall be applied to the swamp lands in the State of California. By it, the State, it is believed, acquires absomany streams within her limits, except so far as they muy be held by private individuals, To avail ourselves of the benefit of this Act. as suggested in my last annual message, “ steps should be taken and-an economical plan of operations devised, to effect the carly reclama. tion of the laids thereby donated. Hundreds . of our enterprising citizens have already located on these Jands, and at considerable expense and labor, made valuable improvements therecon.— . Justice and sound policy require that they . should be secured in their possessions on the . most reasonable terms. The more liberal the j terms, the more certain “and prompt will be . their reclamation and improvement. Their} spegdy setticment and cultivation is a matter of. great moment to the State, because it will add! immensely to the amount of takable property ;. and thus, of course, greatly increase our revenue. . A partial knowledge of the location of these . Jands, as well as careful reflection, have satisfied . me that their reclamation can be best effected . by donating them to actual settlers, in fixed quantities, upon the same terms that we have received them from the General Government._The State must either reclaim each tract as sold, or devise a gencral pian of operations, which. by meaus of drains or levees, will reclaim the whole. Such a work will not only require years of labor, and much more treasure than will ever be realized from their sale, but will delay their improvement and greatly retard the prosperity of the State. J, therefore, recommend the passage of an Act donating these lands to actual settlers, in quantities not exceeding three hundred and twenty aeres, if such limitation be considered judicious, as a means of reclamation, upon condition that the settler shall defray the expense of selection, and withina stated period reclaim the land occupied; the land to be subject to taxation f-om and after the day of location.” I still adhere to the opinion expressed in my fast annual message, thatthe “ sale or lease of the mineral lands by the Gencral Government, would exert a blighting influence wpon the advaneing prosperity of our growlag State, and paralyze the energics of the cnterprising body of men now engaged in developing the mineral resources of California. At present there are no exactions upon labor in the mines, and the reasons, indeed, numerous and cogent why the National Government, in commen justice, should iinpose no additional cxactious upon the industry aufl enterprise of our people, or pursue a course of policy favored by none except those interested in the establishment of powerful monopolies, against the domination of which Government should assiduously guard. . The legislature of 1852,it will be remembered, protested aguinst the policy of locating the Indians within the state upon reservations of land set apart for that purpose ; und that the several treaties made, by the Indian Comunissioners in the year 1851 and 1852, in each of which it is believed provision was made for a reservation ofland, were all unanimeusly rejected by the United States senate. The action of the senate was regarded by the authorities and people of California as a definite settlement of the question, rendering further action on the subject on their part unnecessary. But it would now seem we were mistaken—that the wishes of the people of the state, as expressed by the Legis. lature of 1852, are te be disregarded, and the wise and humane policy, adopted nearly a century ago, of locating the Indians without the limits of sovereign states, and distant from white population,-so far as California is concerned at least, is to be abandoned. The superintendent of Indian affairs in California, acting under a law of Congress, passed at the last session, which authorizes him to locate the various tribes, either Within the state or on territory without its limits, is said now to be engaged in collecting them together with the design of locating them permanently at several points within the state. In order the more fully to understand the authority on which is based the present and contemplated action of the Superintendent of Indian Affairs, I subjoin an extract from a law of Congress passed March 3, 1253, entitled ** An Act making appropriations for the current and contingent expenses of the Indian Department, and for fulfilling treaty stipnlations with various tribes forthe year ending June 30, 1854,” viz. “That the President ef the United States, if, upon examination, he shal! approve of the pian hereafter provided for the protection of the Tadians” be, andis hereby authorized to make five military reservations from the public domain in the state of California, or the territories of Utah and New Mexico, bordering on said State for Indian purposes: Provided, That said reservations shall not contain more than twenty-five thousand acres in each; And provided further, That said reservations shall not be made upon any lauds inhabited by citizens of California ; and the sum of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars is hereby appropriated out of any money inthe treasury not otherwise appropriated, to defray the expense of subsisting the Indians in California, and removing them to said reservations for protection ; Provided further, it the foregoing plan shall be adopted by the President, the three Indian ageneies in California shall be thereupon abolished. In this connection, I would call your attention to the proviso to the sixth section of an act entitled an ** Act to provide for the survey o! the public lands in long received the sanction of the government of the United States. i The whole number of school land warrants issued under the act of 1852, entitled “An act to provide for the disposal of the five hundred thousand acres of land granted to the state by act of Conzress,” js . i : , " ; ¥ ac vongress, /ready for oceupancy in abont ten days. lute control of the overflowed valleys of the . P¢ thousand ove hundred and twenty-seven. Of! > laet “ this number, eight hundred and six authorize each holder tolocate one hundred and sixty acres; and three hundred and twenty-one authorize each holder to locate threehundred and twenty acres. Iu this manner, two hundred und_ thirty-one thousand, six hundred and eighty acres bave been sold. . Additional legislation on this subject may be found necessary at the present session to prevent a monopoly of these lands, and preserve inviolate the pledg ed faith of the state, as well 4s to secure the lands remaining unsold; the latter of which can be efiected, either by proper amendments to the existing law, or by authorizing their selection by agents of the state. = The accruing interest on the fund realized from the sale of these lands by the constitution, is set aside for the support of commonschools, and cannot therefore be appropriated to any other purpose.— This fund is the common iuheritance of théchildren of the state ; a fact which, it is believed, cannot failt induce on your part early and decided action in the premises. Tn providing for the sale of these lands it is but jn.~ to state that the Legislature was not unmindful j of other important interests, and therofore fixed the prive at two dollars per acre, which, in state serip, amounted to but a trifle, ifany more, than is now exacted by the United States. In framing the law so as to place this land within the reach of all desirous of engaging in the cultivation of the soil, there existed another difficulty, The act of Congresr donating the land, required the state to locate not less than three hundred and twenty acres, at any one point. To meetthis obstacle and protect the settler, as far as possible, warrants authorizing the location of one hundred and sixty acres of land were issued, allowing two settlers to located upon the same tract, in all cases necessary for their acccommodation. In this manner. about four hundred divisions of the amount authorized to be selected by act of Congress, have been effected, promoting materially the intercsts of those who were unable to purchase, or who really required no more than ono hundred and s!xty acres The report of the Superintendent of Public Instruction, soon to be presented, will no doubt contain much useful information on the subject of Common School Education. Thefund set apart for this important object, the interest on which is to be appropriated annuaily, now amounts to $463.360, leaving 262,320 acres of land to be so'd exclusive of the 26th and 36th sections of public lands, donated for the same purpose, by oct of Congress, approved March 3d, 1853. The amount of land to which the State is entitled under the act of March 3d, 1853, is 5,201,244 acres, to which add the 500,000 acres appropriated by the act of 1841, and we have a total of five million, seven hundred and one thousand, two hundred and forty-four acies of school lands, whieh, if sold a: the price fixed in the existing law, $2 per acre, will yield the sum of $11,401,082, the interest on which, at7 per cent would annually amount te the sum of $792,174.16. A sum amply sufficient to sustain a system of education greatly superior to that of any of our sister states. The Governor next proceeds to illustrate the importance of an efficient system of education, and the best way in which the funds arising from a sale of the school lands can be applied. He als@ recommends the revisal of onr militia system, to givesecurity against Indian and other aggressions. The Aet entitled ‘An act to provide for the Public Printing,” approved April 29th, 1852, au thorized the Governor and Comptroller ‘‘to receive proposals, and enter into a contract with the persons proposing to de the work at the lowest and most advantageous terms to the State.’ After having given the notice required by law, on the designated day, the two bids reeeived were opened and compared, and the contract awarded to the lowest bidder. Notwithstanding the work was awarded, as re-. bor, and written notice of the same at the . : ; : Working . "0 matter how strong it may feel itself.— quired by lawfto the lowest bidder, and the accounts rendered and settled in striet conformity with the rates stipulated in the contract, the public printing is understeod to have cost more in the aggregate than it would have done if executed at the prices fixed in a bill, which passed the Assembly during the same session, and for which the existing aci was substituted in the Senate. The contract system, I would here state, after having been fully and fairly tested, has been abandoned by most of the States, as well as by the National Government. in erder ta remove just cause of complaint, and secure the prompt execution of the public printing on the most faverable terms possible, 1 would respectfully recommend the passage of an act creating the office of State Printer, and author‘sing the election of that ofticer by the Legislature. Let the same act, also establish fairand reasonable prices fer the different descriptions of public printing required—define the size of pages—the kind of letter to be used, respectiv: ly in Legislative reperts, the laws, journals and bills—the number of ems each page shall contain—the matter to be as compact as possible in the pages, without injury to the appearance of the work, and reserve to the Comptroller, the right, in the settlement of the printing accounts, after examining carefully the Work executed, to allow or refuse compensation for blank pages. The fact, that at the time the existing contract for public printing was entered into, State script did notcommaad, in the market. more than seventy-five cents on the dollar, and that now, ninetythree cin readily be obtained, would alone justify a considerable reduction in prices, The exercise of proper care and judgment, both as to matter and amount, in ordering printing to be executed, permit me here to remark, is equally as ; MeceSsary, as measure of reform, asthe reduction . of prices to a faircash standard. [t is believed that, heretufore, more printing has been ordcred and executed during the session than was absolutely re_ The act entitled ‘‘ an Act to provide for the erec. tien of a State Prison, ” passed May 1, 1852, it will be recollected, was repealed by the last Legisla. ture and the contract, which had been made in pur. {suance of it, declared null anal void. . By an act passed May 11, 1853, entitled ‘an Act . providing for the erection of a State Prison, and ‘declaring null and void the existing State Prison contiact,” the Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of . State and Treasurer of State, were constituted a Board cf Commissioners, and authorized to enter ‘into anew contract for Prison buildings, of sufficient dimensions to accommedate two hundred and fifty prisoners. The Board of Commissioners, as authorized by the Act, on the fifth day of July, . entered into a contract with Thomas D. Johns for . the requisite Prison Buildings. . The building authorized by the centract to be ierected, it is understeod, will be completed and When re. ported finished by the contractor, the werk will be carefully examined by the Commissioners, and if . found te be executed according .o contract, will . be received by them, on behalf of the State. The whole number of convicts, on the 30th of December, was two hundred and forty two; two hundred and forty males and two females. The project ef connecting the Pacifie with the Atlantie ocean, by means of a rail road across the centinent, it can, with truth, be said, is favored by the whole people of California; and, they, too, are as deeply interested in its speedy completion as those of any othersection of the Union. The subject during the past year has engaged so much of their attention, that it would be superfluous, at this time, for me to point out, at lemeth, the great commercial advantages to be derived from it, or to present facts demonstrative of its practicability.— The people of this, the youngest of the sovercign states, probably appreeiate the importance ef this great work to the Union; and they unanimously favor it, not only as a measurt which must incalculably advance all the great interests of the Pacific country, and add greatly toits wealth and prosperity, but because it wiliconnect in interest, as they are now united in feeling, the ;eople of the extreme sections of his great confederacy. $0 far as California is concerned, it is only necessary to give the assurance thrt her assistance will be cheerfully extended im every form consistent with her own and the constitation of the United States. The Governor refers at ength to the duty of the general government to improve the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers. References are also made to several reports accompanying the message. The Governor concludes as follows : Imploring the Great Creator of the Universe to direct you in all your deliberations, the rights, interests and honor of the free peorle of a sovereign state are committed to your enlightened and protecting care. JOHN BIGLER. Blue Lead Mining Laws, At a meeting of miners interested in the mining locality herein described, held pursuant to an adjourned meeting, in Nevada city, Nevada county, State of California, January 10th, 1854. O. H. Cambridge was called to the chair, and S. B. Worden was appointed Secretary. The following Laws were read and adopted, viz: Section Ist—The name of this mining ground shall be called the “Blue Lead Mining District.” 2d.—It shall be bounded as follows : beginning at Miller’s reservoir on the Eastern line of the Mancenita District, thence along the Deer Creek ditch to little Musqueto creek, thence North to the summit of the ridge, thence following the same westerly to the eastern boundary of the Mancenita District, thence along said boundary line to the place of beginning. 3.—Each claim shall be one hundred i feet wide, occupying the width of the dis' trict, or from Deer creek ditch te the summit of the ridge. 4th.— That cach claim or companies claim, shall be worked every ten days . (Sundays excepted) with one full days la. . place where the work is done. on one claim, cut, or tunnel, of the com-~ . panies of those concerned when adjoining, . to be considered as work on the whole, or forfeited. 5th.—That no person shall hold more than one claim at a time by location. He as are worked according to these laws, providing he has a bona fide bill of sal>. 6th.—There shall be a Recorder electe for the term of one year, whose duty it { ' Usonta Donrnal. A. A. SARGENT, EDITOR, FRIDAY MORNING, JANUARY 13. . 1 . Too Fast, . t ' of a Democrat of the Broderick wing of . that party, and that Gen. J. Winchester has bee tendered the editorship and con‘trol of the cencern., There must be some mistake about this, as E. R. Budd has been for the last year and a half, oNE-HAL¥ owner of the concern, and two weeks ago he and John P. Skelton, (both Whigs, by the way,) purchased the other half of A. A. Sargent, which we expect to hold for the good of ourselves and ourcountry. It matters but little to us whether Gen. Winchester accepts or net, as his editeiials will probably lie wader the table a week or two before being taken under consideration. The Journal has not passed into the hands of the democratic party, nor have we tendered the editorship to any one, save the one whose name stands at the editorial head. E. R. Bupp, Joun P. SkEvToN. Stage Monopoly. The Sacramento Union, on the authority of James Birch, “ corrects” a statement that the fares of the Nevada stage lines have been increased. The correction is incorrect! ‘The fares on the Sacramento and Marysville lines have both been raised about twenty-five per cent., and the monopoly, of which Birch is president, now charges that difference above what the public paid for months previous. This change was not induced by a hard winter. The roads have been good, grain and hay have been cheap, and no reason for the change except the grasp'ng character and the opportunity possessed by the monopolists, can be given. The combination had for its avowed object the keeping of others than the present dynasty from creating stage lines. Persons were prepared with all the facilities of good stock, carriages, &c., to put on lines at the most eligible points in the State. Perhaps the best way to prevent this was the consolidation of all the large companies in the State. By their united capital they ara able to break down any less formidable association, and secure their business on every route from compeHaving armed themselves with this power, they are able to raise prices to tition. snit themselves; and despite the “correcta capital &tock of $1,000,000 Sn ions” of interested parties, have actually halceady enhanced rates of travel to a ru. inous figure. } But this grand consolidated monopoly is not superior to public opinion and action, edge of the } izens of Sacramento, Auburn, Rough and Ready, Grass Valley and Nevada sign an agreement to give their patronage and influence to any rival company that will start a line between here and Sacramento, at the old or proper rates, and such a comq Pany can drive out this monopoly. Our limited space will not allow us toshall be to record these laws and all oth-. day to pay further attention to this subers that may be passed hereafter, ina book ject, but we shall refer to it again at for that purpose—to record all claims, transfers, and bills of sale, who shall receive for his services the sum of fifty cents for each claim recorded. 7th —Each company shall have its ground defined by substantial stakes, with

notices of the number of claims held, name . may, however, hold as many by purchase of the company, date of location, and. from the Sonora expedition. length. ——Se From Sonera. We learn from the San Francisco Eve. umg JPost that the steamer Southerner nas arrived from the south, with later news The bark the name of each individual in companies. Anita had arrived on the 20th inst., with shall have their names written with ink,. , +e-inforcement of 230 men. and signed on the renewal notice according to section 4th. On their arrival the natives fled, and nothing more ee . . ment ofits vast resources in the precious metals . ; South Yuba Canal. The great length ef the message we Editor of the Nevada Jonrnal—Dear Sir:— publish to-day precludes the publication of In the Sacramento Union, of the 7th inst.,. ™uch interes ng matter. It is a blessing a correspondent at Grass Valley, under the. that such inflictions come but once in a signature of “ R. P. H.” in adverting to the) oar acknowledged importance of urtificial water . 9 °""" courses in the mining districts, for the developSeveral “poetical” contributions are on an able pen) makes the following remarks in the petitions } publish, while some of them relation to the South Yuba mining and saeLet the merchants and other principal cit. 8th.—That all disputed claims shall be . W#S See” of them. The next day Capt. G. decided (if the parties choose) by arbitra-. A. Davidson, with 65 men, had taken the tion. Each party may choosea disinter-. town of Santa Tomas. Melendrez and ested man, and the two a third disinteresNegreta had fied and their property at LoCalifornia, the granting of Pre-emption Rights there-. quired for the information of the people, or to facili r * sed March 3, 1853 itute and secure enlightened legislati By the in, and tor other —— oes } . ? > “ as cot a ape oi Fs rh pape ion. By r= e And. turther provided, that this act shall not be) exercise of sound discretion in this respect, the eonstrucd to “sor yrege any hee Ripes to be made oo of printing, no doubt, can be greatly reany tract oi land in the occupation or possession ol} 4 us i ay : : any Indian tribe, or to grant any pre-emption right] ‘The at hover reductions proposed, would, it _” Is anticipated, in the aggregate, lessen the expentu the same. aS dig t ; Sgregate, It will be observed that by the oral a = } poapt be apes or etme 4 more than rendered at least questionable whether the United . one thir 1¢ Waole amount now paid. : Etates do not fully recognize a title in the Indians . The last Legislature having adjourned without to all lands withont limitation, now in their occupaelecting a Quartermaster General, and the Physition or possession, and entirely preclude the possi-. cians and Trustees for the State Marine Hespital bility of their settlement by our own citizens. Should . in the city of San Francisco, and the Asylum for the tie Indians, now in the ‘occupation ar possession’ of Insane at Stockton, as required by law, the duty lands. refuse toremove aud be located = es a . of filling — vacancies, until the meeting of this tewplated reservations, the white settler, by the . Legislature, devolved on the Executive. : pioviso, is clearly debarred from obtaining any pre-. ‘The appointments were made, and the incumwou; tun right to lands in their occupation or posses-. bents will hold their offices until their successors ein. . shall have been elected by the Legislature. It is Impressed with the conviction that the policy indihoped that this important matter will receive immecated by this act, if carried into effect, cannot fail {o . diate attention. ' exercise a blighting influence on the fature prosper-. In California the afflicted and infirm have ever ity of California, and result in great injury to the In. been the objects cf peculiar care and protection.— dians themselves, I trust you will feel called upon to} To the appeals of the sick and destitute, the aged assert the rights of the State, and to remonstrate . and infirm, the young and jelpless, the ——y ; H 7 oy rainst its consummation. aesk . our people have ever been open, and the hand o a certainly exists at this time no good reason . charity freely extended. : for a departure with reference to Calitornia, from the; Private benevelence has done much, and will, settled policy of the government. . doubtless, do more, towards alleviating the wants The plan of removing the Indian tribes, and loca. of saffering humauity in our midst ; but to the State ting them without the states was first adopted by . do the people look for that extended aid to the sick ted man, to arbitrate the matter. i 9th—That the Arbitrator’s fees shall. 8*lla was taken. be the same as allowed by the County The Mexican government has confiscaCourts to Jurors, and paid by the party. ted the property of Mellendrez, he being in default. 10th.—That these laws may be altered. ),4. endeavored or amended by giving ten days notice and signed by twelve interested miners of this outlawed by a military commandant. He to obtain it by trying to drive the expedition from the country, to district, stating the object in writing, and. do which he has forced the matives to ensticking up said notices in five of the most . roll under his banner. conspicuous places in this district, by vote of two-thirds the miners interested in the lead, being present at such meeting. The fillibusters besieged the town several days. During the first day lieut. Mc1lth—That S. B Worden be and is. Mibbins was killed; captain Gilman was hereby elected Recorder. severely wounded. On the Sth the filli12th—That we request the editor to. busters completely routed them, killing 8 publish these laws in the Nevada Jeurnal 15th.—On motion adjourned. O. H. CAMBRIDGE Pres’t. S. B. WORDEN, Sec’y. Nevada, Jan. 10th, 1354. The San Francisco Evening News says: ‘land wounding several. The flag of two stars more waves triumphantly over Lower California, and every thing is now quiet. Yuba Ditch.—We ask attention to the an act of Congress passed May 26th, 1804, and by the act of June, 1834, a large section of country was . laid off as Indian territory, to which the Indians! east of the Mississippi were from time removed. In this way the Creeks,the Cherokces,the Chickasaws, the Seminoles, and other tribes were deported. In speaking of this wise and huinane policy, Presideut Jackson, in his second anuual message, Says: . “It gives me pleasure to announce to Congress that the benevolent policy of government, steadily pursued for thirty years, in relation to the removal of the Indians, beyond the white settlements, is approacbing to a happy consummation. The consequences of a speedy removal will be important to the United States, to individual states. and to the Indians themselves. It puts anend to all possible danger of collision between the authorities of the General and State Governmonts on account of the Indians. It will place a dense and civilized population on large tracts ef land, now occupied by a few savage hunters.” Before concluding he announces this policy to be an object of much solicie . tude, and adds, “in the consum nation of a policy, . originating at an early period, and steadily pursued . by every administration within the present century, . so just to the states, and so generous to the Indians, . the Executive feels it bas a right te expect the cooperation of Congress, and of all good and disinterested men. The states, moreover have a right to demand it. It was substantially a — 0 bard contract which made them members of the = ogi eracy. With Georgia this is an express ay oe . with the new States, an implied one of equal obliga. the government of the United States, in Lac ance of this policy, up to Dec. 1839, had ee si the Indian title to about oe at of seventy two millions of acres of land, at a J 0. millions, five hundred and sixty soapen and aa ‘six dollars, and upto the same date, had rem and insane, which their condition and necessities demand. In providing for the sick and insane, large sums of money have been annually expended by the State and a portion of the existing debt thereby incurred. ‘The State Marine Hospital has, during the year. cost the State more than forty thousand dollars, over and above the special tax allotted to it by law. The Insane Asylum, at Stockton, including the buildings erected, has also during the year, cost the State a large sum from the general fand. If possible, prevision should be made for a more economical administration ef those institutions, and expenditures so tar reduced, at least, as heretofore to render unnecessary appropriatiens from the general fund, During the year, about seventy five thousand dollars have been paid from the general fund in erecting buildings tor the insane, in the city of Stockton. The principal, or brick edifice, is one hundred and thirty fect ir length, fifty fect in width, two stories high, is well finished and furnished, ard the interior arrangements admirably adapted to the purpose for which it was erected. Tke other, a frame structure, is forty feet square, and well finished. There are about onc hundred and twenty acres of very superior land attached to the Asylum, a small portion of which has been enclosed. The whole number of insane in the establishmenton the 15th of December, 18°3, was one hundred and enc—ninety one males and ten females. The whole nuuber of patients admitted into the tate Marine Hospital at San Francisco, since the first of July last, was fourteen hundred and forty five males, and forty two females. On the twenty third of December, 1853, there were in the Hospital three hundred male paticnts, and eleven females. Of the whole number admitted since July, nine hundred and twenty one were patients for the Eup*. < u Ww communication of the secretary of this comPERCANTILE “AUCTION MIOUSES.—— NV €! pany in to-day’s paper. We have often a sre about Clstiie tb tie yon salscded the advantages of this undertaness in consequence of the dullness of the. king, and we are pleased to know that it is trade. likely to be soon in the course of construcMas. Tompxixs.—It will be remember-. tion. It will unloek untold wealth in this ed tha this steamer went ashore outside the. region, and reward beyond the most sanaHeads, early in October last. She was. guine anticipations, the enterprising progotten off, homely overhauled, and will] . M resume her trips to Monterey te-morrow. . J&CtoTs: 1 aaleninceasbpugac tie . DisastEr.—Yesterday the Danish brig) 6 We learn that a —— ag Henrich broke from her moorings and ran. at Little York on the evening of Jan. 11th, . afoul of a barque carrying away her jib-. to ascertain the practicability of a wagon . boom, and the fore yard of the barque, be-) road from Little York to Steep Hollow. A'. sides doing considerable other damage. committee of seven was appointed to sur. We have had but little rain during the. yey the proposed road, and report at an . week. ‘Ihe weather generally has been adjourned meeting. quite cold, ice having formed several nights yea The concerts given by the Negro . to the thickness of half aninch. Yesterday was cleat, cold and windy. The. Melodists the past week, were very pope . prayer of the miner is for rain, rain!—. ), 314 successful. The “boys” got their . suis sg Ce eee _ ,. pockets full, and furnished pleasant amuse. Should the population of the United. on: at the sametime. . States progress for one century mere as it ) has os for the past sixty years, and the The benefit of Mr. Van mrss a Union continue, the number of its inhabi-. Wednesday evening, went off well, saad tants would exceed 300,000,000. ‘he had a good house. mp4 ramento Canal company :— violate every principle of poetry. We will e have more space. “ There is not a more inviting scheme to. the . consider till capitalist, one that would yield a more mag-. The proceedings of a public dinner at jnificent, coustant and permaneut return upon the investment, than that which would have for . Grass Valley in honor of the editor of this shes the ——— _ a large canal} poper, on Tuesday last, by his friends of eading the waters of the Sonth Yuba into Grass : ; : Valley and its vicinity. The route, through both paves, e pnayoidably crowded mg the auspices of a company organization, has To his niany friends who participated in long since been surveyed, but of practieal . this eratifyi d j . ‘ , reties ing demonstration, he profers moment nothing furthe: has been done. Why. , . 5 ae ‘ P it is that the project has so long remained dorhis sincere acknowledgemeuts. mant, we are unable to say. We shall be _ happy for the welfare of our country that they The Grass Valley Zelegraph, under the are not playing the part of the dog in the mau-. ad:ninistration of Messrs. Oliver & Moore, ger——for from the valley borders to the monntain tops the cry is water! water! If they are has been enlarged, and here incompetent to follow this survey with the . ful appearanee. actual work—to build a canal for the want of money, let them open the fertile fields to the magic capital of the millions under which the . lithographic view of Nevada, from a davaults of monied men are groaning for the want of a suitable chance for inves ment.” guerotype by Kilbourne, which far exceeds _ In reply to these strictures upon the transac-. . . es di — ee tions of the company, I beg leave to state for . kind heretofore published. the information of the correspondent of the Union, and the public generally, that it has Mr. J. S. Posten has opened a confecnot been the forte of this company to ostenta, ) tionary establishment on Main street, and tively announce their acts or the merits of their = : ; enterprise to a discerning public for the pursonpninde, -rerr beta dec wander te pose of gaining a prestige to which they were . He understands his art, says Nat, and he’s not entitled—but on the contrary whenever a judge they have appeared before a discriminating com— Ka EE Le 2 munity in the advocacy of the merits of their. © Nicirr Wate —We think it would be enterprise they have studiously avoided maki . . é naking Sh as : j representations which could not be substantiawell for our citizens who value the safety ted by incontrovertible facts. Nor on the other . Of the city from fires, te see that the preshand can they be charged, with show i eerste Pb yt a ae ae ent efficient night-watchman, Mr. A. R. . holding from the mining interests an enterprise Jenking * netsctaside by the new town so thoroughly identified with the the people. The following fac with the history of the com; clusive on this point. Karly in June 1851, and immediately . ree Ul Say ity f i my mrs ee immediately after . tunate as to three times save the city from 1¢ competion of the first water course for I { i mining purposes-—of any importance, a reconen wee . the route was made by the projec-. the sense of security his services give to ors, Which Was Imincdiately followed up by ; i Ss J aed cy. W $ : —_ petiinery servey end te ae P»Y2\ the public, we surgest that whatever ac« ; £ practicability . rw of the enterprise announced in the Nevada . tion may be taken by the town authoritics, . Journal in which great work, the public were . that the services of Mr. Jenkins be retaininvited to participate. Such however was the . : rim . want of faith in the utility of the undertaking . sere ad pops that it met with no favor or saooae . but was pronounced not only chimerical in its inception, but te ‘for and impracticable. . prejudice against the enter . been folly for the company to have then per-. sisted in urging the merits of their elaims nnd jheavy rain. It commenced on Weduesday With much reluctance and po vr ining . ‘ iu ~erel,. 2. Mining . .> } at Pa em : petmenteerane depicting es RSS MS . night, abou clock, an as inue . season was permitted to intervene—when the) © " Sly ' oe growing and fast increasing wants of the mincr, . to rain smart ¥ till the time we go to press _seen l to authorize the re-ugitation of the ques. —about 11 ofelock on Thursday nizht — lion. Public notice was therefore eiveu and Tl ! * in accordance therewith, subscription books to. ¢!& 2PPearances are that we shall have a opened in . fain of several days duration, sufficient to We are indebted to Mr. Potter for a prosperity of . organization. ts connected pany must be conMr. Jenkins organized this watch about three years ago, has zealously attended to his duties, and has been go forconflagration. Too much care en te guard against fires, and visionary and/a few dollars spent in this way, may save “tiga name sgag Coo Tee , ’ With this popular ated dae ; ‘prise it: would haye . encouragement, . cannot be ta tain.— At last we are enjoyirg a fin Nevada Grass Valley a : j sveVada, rrass Valley, Marysville, Sacramento . i . i bb ‘ : ese Oe oe )#et miners at Worx, an lve jand San Franciseo——but months passed and . in 2 8 rine menee So mote it be. Lack still the company were without sufficient en-. pulse to business, ,couragement to proceed. The proprietors had! of water is almost as great a calamity xs a ‘to learn, amid all the unparalled prosperity of . fire " : the country——aud in the face of 2 full knowl: . te aramount value and necessity of . Cbants from making their payments, and the work ,—at the present time universally ;mitted even by those who at It checks business, prevent mer. r _—— iy ri acest the enterprise of the state. We ‘ ile cr nl : : i . leary at so ank ‘ 3. Sanahion::-thed . 1 that some of the banking firms be spare capital to. !ow have recently been compelled to ship igave it their unqualified con California had no surplus or prosecute with suecess an enterprise of so creat . eain 3 vu i ‘Tprise GO: 80 great} coin instead of dust to mee : rafts a magnitude. In other words, that the monthly . Sg Pm gh , returns of capital invested in the individual . 1 ¢ ye Pe ‘ . wes ¢« ° . : 3 i I ili i . oF 1 eerste! commerce and vi trade. were so. The state of things prevailing in the state . Femunerative, that no inducement however . the past month. if canti . ch] 21 ‘flattering in it3 character and notwithstanding NPCMOUESS aod ean jalamstt aa . the acknowledged legitimacy of the object jmust have ruined many. , could prevail on men of means to diyert cvena ; Sa See ai . portion of ther wealth into this new channel.-Ke” A large meeting of merchants was . Under these adverse circumstances, with an un-. held at San Fraucisco on Monday last, to . willinzuess to involve themselves in finan«ial ; . embarrassinents,suc h as have been too ofien witee on-concurrence with the late de . nessed in the mining revions in prosceuting sim-. Cision ef the Supeme Court declaring the lar projects on a lesser scale, resulting ina quad-. revenue act constitutional. ij ruple cost of the works—-for the want ofa land ready means, the es were made. owing toa failure in the supply of dust.— Able speechfample Counsel w ins ; company during the ae PERO atretOe . past summer directed its attention to procnring . to appeal cases to the United States Su: . the requisite capital from abroad; in furtherperks: i rye aspecial agent—with full . Leann es erllew aha poWer, sailed for New York and London in. .~< “ . ] 4 tine Jast and such was the character ie the . pe cemeegty eben potion — advices received from him on his arrival, that . Marysville, op the 9th,upon Keble, for the the company at once placed men upon the line} murder of Holsclaw at Keystone Ranch of the works finally surveyed, whose labor was r : 7 only suspended upon the setting in of the winlast November. He is to hang en the 17th ter season, which made it impossible to progress} —a quick dispatch ! further until the melting of the snows, Subsequent advices from the company’s agent, give the pleasing intelligence that no doubt now remains of a speedy and full accomplishment of his important mission-——in which event ;preme Court. . . BARES oF WYO Re Shae oe Re ee a reg The Win-dy Guards met in front of the Orleans at Sacramento on the 8th, moep entender 5. ‘lhe and burlesqueil the projected military cen1¢ friends of the enterprise may look forward : la ae with confidence upon the opening of the spring. ee en eee oe to witnessing a thousand men, if need be, upon. Was made by that body to assemble. the line of the works and to its full completion . at the close of the dry season of the present! The steamer Ranger blew up on the 9th year, through a vast mining region now far. aichtacmdc gh aes . between San Francisco and Alameda, kill Respectfully yours, T. W. Corsurx, . 18 five or six people. Secretary of the Sonth Yuba mining and Sacra-. unsafe boat. mento Canal company. It wasa small and Squibeb has again got possession of the Fire.—AA fire was detected on Sunday morn-. San Diego Herald, and is making it muing on the roof of Stuart & Searls’ office on . Broad street, ignited from the stove pipe. It was extinguished before much damage was done. sical, a a Business has been extremely dull the jpast week, and the aspect of things most discouraging. SmatL Pox.--This disease is prevailing to some extent in town. Persons should be careful not to incautiously enter houses where it exists. Those who have not availed themselves of the safe-guard of vaccination should do so, as it is held by eminent physicians to be effectual. Too much care cannot be taken to avoid this loathsome disease. It is confidently declared by those most conversant with the legislature, that Brederick will be elected U. S. Senator this session. Ba=> The claim of Col: Fromont to the large’ tract of land in Mariposa county has been rejected by a ddcision of the United Stutes District Court. . Exce.entty Wet.—The capacity of these mountainous regions is getting to be indisputable. We learn that alady named = a OS The Legislature has done little work thus far. The neta has been inaugurated, committees appginted, and several other preparations made preparatory to the business of the session. We see no reason why the session cannot be compressed into a space of four months, if the legislators will do it. living near Brush creek, presented her husband the past weck with a pair of fine girl twins, weighing in the aggregate 163 pounds. They and mother are doing well. This is the second pair of twins in that, neighborhood, which is honored with the name of T'winville. Sacacity or & Horsz.—When the fine sorrel horse, Santa Anna, fell yesterday, in the race, owing to a soft place in the eourse, the noble animal turned to his fallen rider, and actually tried to hold him. A looker on says the horse seemed to be trying to’ put the rider upon his back again, and evinced a genuine sympathy for his injured companion, which was in strange contrast with some humans on the ground, who did not seem to care foranything but their . bets. — Washington Star. z 7s a . Quite a shock of an earthquake was ‘2!+ ee eee by many of our citizens yesterday even place one wee! from next Saturday. BeS~ There is scarcely a doubt that the capital will be removed to Sacramento, and we expect to see the matter so disposed of very shortly. The people of this county favor the removal. We think we speak on careful examination of the question. A petition for removal was stated a few evenings ago to ascertain the wishes of the citizens of Nevada in reference to the matter, and in an hour four pages of names were procured, so that the Jocument was sent off by the same night's stage Te 6 woth -