January 15, 1852 (4 pages)

HE JOURNAL. . A. A. SBARORENT AND W. G. ALBAN. Tharsday Morning, Jan. 15. San Francisco, Jan. 12. . By Haworth & Swift's excellent line. stages, I arrived at Sacramento on! aturday about eleven a.m. The roads . re fast getling passable for treavy teams, nd the amount of goods on the way in. ieate that our market will not suffer . aterially from the effects of the late. m. I observe many improvements a substantial nature for the accomodation of passengers, on the route by bhneon’s ranch, and also the ocoupation d fencing of large tracts of Iand for nches. The agricultural resources of . e portim of the State traversed by . e stage line will be greatly enhanced other yenr, naturally giving a healthy A vigorous tone to the general busiesof the whole region. I regard as ost fortunate feature in the progreseneseof our northern counties, the velopment of an interest without hich no community can be permaintly prosperous. Presramente looks ek and thriving*and many subetan_ 4 NE vuaroesy Sacramento and San Francisco. The situation of these two cities is such a8 to make them rivals. That which would prove a blessing to one would be an injury to the other. It —— — . becomes the good people who compose EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE. . these two thriving communities, how. ever, to treat each other as honorable tivals, and each to act an honorable part. Much less are they justifiable in adopting such measures as will ma. terially affect the interests of those who are auxiliary to both of them. By an advertisement in the Union and Alta, we see that an arrangement 'has been made by the owners and agents of the different steamboats tra~ ding between San Francisco and Sac. ramento, the effect of which is to materially increase the rates of fair and freight between these two and intermediate points, from one of these points to the other is $10; deck passuge $5; freight on goods and merchandise, paying either by weight or measurement, $10 per ton without distinction; shippers in all cases to pay lighterage, and the custom of free passage to shippers is 1 brick buildings are being erected. . abolished. he merchants of thetcity understood ir true interests, they would at once If these rates are as low ae the to the commencement of a railroad . Steamers ean afford, allowing them a ough Placer and Nevada counties to. towns on Feather River. If they . ow the trade of the north to pase out . heir hands, which must occur if the . jected road from Benicia via Marys@ to the upper towne is accomplishthey will tind too late the fully of ting te natural advantages instead en ise. The necessities of Necull for rail communication with . e point having ready communication h Francisco, and a road to Maille will answer every purpose, when . t city shall have ite railway to Bes. am informed bya person in-. d in the movement that the stock . Benicia road ie nearly all taken ady in the Eastern States. er Senator I arrived at Benicia on, urday evening, and proceeded the t day to Vallejo. The road from icia to Vallejo is woarysome, and. & still greater extreme, and in all. broke up in disorder. Kossuth was then . RaKed in the Lopes Expedition. t be very bad during rains. A line Ree runs once per day to the capiallejo isa deserted, comfortless e—its hotel accommedations exeble and expensive; without a store he place, or any facilities for comfort. capitol is a fine building, and as as can be desired. Dissatisfied h their accommodations, the memare endenvoring to effect a new rejal. A resolution to remove to Sacento, you are aware, passed the eo, and was defeated by a tic vote. he Senate on Saturday, Tho queswill be brought up to-day in the} fon & motion to reconsider, and, . ve good reason to believe, removal be effected. No one believes Gen. ejo can fulfil his contract, and if he does, ho isa ruined man. It is not ejo himself that has been figuring e whole matter, but the speculators nts, who fear for their investments. cDougal had not denounced the capital, and removed the governhtal effects, hotel and store keepers Id have located at Vallejo, and have removed half the objections to it rensonable profit on their capital and labor, then, so far as they are concerned, it is all right. There are but few pereons who wish to see competition carried to such an extreme as to break down a laudable eaterprise — But when we take into consideration the influences which brought about this combination, it looke like it was designed to operate in another quarter. The card referred to says this arrangement was entered into in compliance with a petition signed by the Merchants of Sacramento. Suppose this arrangement were carried to probability the merchants of Sacramento would not object to it, and passage and freight should be $30 instead of $10, what would be the result? The mere item of freight from San Francisco to Sacramento would add 1 1-2 cents per pound to the price of every thing brought into the mines—— flour, meat, machinery, &c. But this is not all; and even as it is, the heavy rates of passage and freight must materially affect the interests of traders going from the mines to San Francisco to lay in their stock, if not prove la complete bar to the small dealers. . For, be it remembered that the mer‘chants of Sacramento do not depend . upon these steamboats for the freight~ . ing of their goods, but receive them urged. But no ono wished to risk ey there, when the prospect of rerect from the shippers, and on equal ARRIVAL OF THE INDEPENDENCE. A cabin passage . \from brigs, schooners, barks, &c., di, . terms with those of San Francisco. —. = = = Ia regarded as a direet violation of the first article of the trenty of April 1850. . Immedinte action is insisted upon to. Wards the settlement of these difficul. ties, either by the return of MF Bulwer, or by the appointment of some other person with sufficient authority. The tone of this official paper is high, just, en and American. Private letters have . Siu days later from the Atlantic States—!. aleo been written, instructing Mr. LawArrival of Kossuth— Organization of . rence in the most urgent we oth ef . i in ha . Congress--Outrage on the Steamer Pro-. C84 firmly aad promptly. Wi Per Gregory's Express. = an hour after the receipt of the intelligence of the outrage. Mr. Webster adTh mae Tadenend {Vand dressed s letter tu the President, reetnies cigaaesedbiriioans » commending the employment of a com. bilt’s Line, arrived at San Francisco on prten! mijitary armament to p'otect our . Thursday evening last, at 11 o'clock,. commerce and vindicate our national si S + . rights. Vesselsof war have been orIrv, erred oon Gm Sen ana dered to Chagres, San Juan and San about 17 days. metheus, etc. . The President's Mensage. We have reccived, thtuugh Gregory's Express, an extra from thé office of the Alta containing the Presidént’s Message. It is a long, business-like document, and presents the financial condition of the country in a most favorable light. We regret thatits great length prevents our giving it entire. We find the following paragtuphs relative to California and other matters of particulrr interest to our citizens: It will be seen that the cash sales of {the puplic lands exceed those of the . preceding year, and that there is reason to anticipate a still further increase, . ; Soeur. The delay in regard to the exe. To Gregory's Express, we arc indebt. cutien ot the Bulwer nd Clayton treaty ‘ed fcr late New York papers. has been produced by the domestic dif. By this arrival dates have been reficulties in Central A r erica. . ceive New York to the 8tt ‘ POSTERITY 7 saegtgy Ror reste De’ aarval oF THR GOLDEN GATE. : aes: 3 adh eich Four Days Later from New York. . et seived by the Nort! . A fo pre entarrene Sree The steamship Golden Gate arrived The New Ville camate ave BBad lak at San Francisco Saturday morning last, . 0 ‘ . having made the run from Panama in accounts of the reception of Kossuth in . . ‘. : eleven days and twenty two hours. that city. He arrived in the steamer The Goden G bri 4 f Humboldt on the Sth of December, Ax. he Goden Gate brings dates from the Humboldt entered the Narrows. she . tie ys i a pay tango ite! ne commenced firing signal guns, mor:+. °*79 fer Wan brought by the inde. pendence. than 30 of which were fired between) Ww indebted to G “E the Narrows and Pier No. 4, where she 9 AEF EREORER VERE Seen for Inte State.’ papers. hauled up. ; 7 Dr. Doane and several Hungarinns. . The steamers MeKige aoe Commodore wenton board the steamer ns she wis} Stockton were at Acapalee; the former coming up the buy. Dr Doane address. bees to leave the enme day ee wrigihijesd ‘ed Keysuth, welcoming him to America, . pat Feves ania died en the and handed him letter from Mayor. McKim previous to her arrival at AcaKingsland, requesting him to leave the pion. ship, and sojourn for the time at the There were ao steamere ot Panama house of Dr. Duane on Staten Island, . %8¢ the Golien Gate left, and many Kossuth replied to Dr. Doune, thanking . P°T#n® Were wuniting a him for his kind welcome, and left the bre: ree pica hiveseDhendhurh chip with Madame Keesuth, and proarrival of Kossuth bad ina great measure eeeded to Bip, Doane’s reddence. subsided. He was still atthe Irving Kossuth wan received at Castle House, and although suffering from sick. Garden, New York, on Dec. 6th. He. "@%# continued to receive uddresses and . was first addressed by Mayor Kingsland, . deputations from all parts of the Union. but in attempting to reply, the noise; rt. Rives. U. S. Minister to France and enthusiasm was sv great that he! ®*tived in New York on the 10th ult. . could net be heard. A rush was finally} The Spanish Government has parmade for the platform, and the meeting . 4oned 26 British subjects who Meg e American Minister at Madrid has been instructed to use his efforts to obtain Congress met on the first of Decem-, the relense of the Americans. ber. Linn Boyd of Kentucky, was elect-. Mr. Thrasher has been sent to Spain. ed Speaker of the House on the first; The U. S. Government it is thought will ballot, and Col. John W. Forney was. immediately take mensures to effect elected Clerk. his release. In the Senate, Mr. Gwin gavo notice. . A fire occurred in Portland, Maine, (i ; : in which some one hundred thensand of hie intention to introduce the fullowdollars worth of property was destroyed. ing bills: The steamers Archer and Die Vernon To ertablish a branch mint in Cali-. came in collision on the Mississippi, near ia. the mouth ef the Illinois, and twelve or To provide for the location and con-/ fourteen passengers on the former lost struction of o central railroad from the . their liven. sas, river to the Pacific. An accident occurred on the Hudson A bill to reduce postage on newspa-. River Raiiroad, on the night of Dec. 5th, pers, and establish uniform rates of pos-. by which some ten or twelve persons tage on letters throughout the United . lost their lives. States. _ A bill directing the payment te Cali-. Mvapgrep sr Inpiaxs.—We learn . fornia od the Pig collected xg vo that two Chinamen were murdered on ports there, after the treaty with Mex-. . ay ico, up to the admission of California as inst Sunday, near Independence Rancho, la State, on Wolf Creek. The Indians inhabiting _ To establish ocean mail steamers from . this region are the Bear River Indians. San Francisco, via the Sandwich Is] They are well known as the Indians who lands, to Shanghai, China. . . , A bill for a telegraph from the Misburnt the saw mill near Grass Valley conveyed tothe Irving Heuse, where he took up his residence. /no withetinding the large donations . which have been made to many of the . States, ond the liberal grants to indi. viduals asa reward for military services . This fact furnishes very gratifying evidence of the growing wealth and prosperity of our c.untry. . Suitable measures have been adopted . for commencing the survey of the publie lande in C re Pet and Oregon. Sur. veying parties have been organised, and some progress has been made in eatablishing the principal ba:e and meridian lines. But further legislation and additional appropriatiove will be necesanry before che proper subdivisions can be . aoe amd the general land system extended ever those remote parts of our . territory. ; On tbe 3d of March last, an act was passed providing for the appointment of three commissioners te settle private land claims in California. Three persens were immediately appointed. all of whom. however, declined accepting the office. in consequence of the inadequacy jof the compensation. Others were . promptly selected, who, for the same reason, also declined; and it was not till Inte in the season that the service of suitable persone could be secured. A majority uf the commissioners convened in this city on the 10th of September last, when detniled instructions were given to them in regard to their duties. The first meeting for the transaction of business will be heldin San Francisco on the eighth day of the present month. Ihave thought it proper to refer to these facte, not only to explain the causesof the delay in filling the commis. jsion, but to call your attention to the . propriety of increasing the compensn. tion of the commissioners. The office is one of grent Inbor and responsibility, . and the compensation should be such as . to command men of a high order of taltegrity. . The proper disposal of the mineral led by great difficulties. in my list anjnual message . recommended tho surjvey and sale of them in small parcels under such restrictions as would effectually guard ngainst monopoly and speculation. But upon further information, and in deference to the opinions of perjsona familiar with the subject, . am linelined to change that recommendation, and to advise that they be permitted to remain, us at present, a common field, open to the enterprise and industry of all our citizens, until further experience shall have developed the best policy to be ultimately adopted in regard to them. It is safer to suffer . short period, than, by premature. legisjIation, to fasten on the country a system . founded in error, which may place the . whole subject beyond the future co atrol ! of Congress. . The agricultural lands should. how‘ever, be surveyed and brougiit into market with as little delay as possible, ents, and the most unquestionable in. . lands of California isa subject surround-. and in transmitting the certificates required by law. The Indians in California, who had previously “appeared of a peaceable character, and disposed to cultivate the friendship of the whites, have recently committed several acts of hostility. Av a large portion of the _reinforcemonts sent tothe Mexican frontier %ere drawn from the Pacific, the militray force now stationed there is considered entirely inadequate to itedefence. it cannot be increased, however, without an increase of the army; and [ again recommend that measure as indispensable to the protection of the frontier. The act of Congress for the return of fugitives from labor is one required gnd demanded by the express words of the constitution. Some objections have been urged against the details of the act for the return of fugitives from labor, but it is worthy of remark that the main opposition is aimed agninat the constitution itself, and proceeds from persons many of whom declare their wish to see thus constitution overturned. They avow their hostility to any law which shall give full and practical effect to this requirement of the constitution. Fortunately, the number of these persons ix comparatively small, and is believed tu be daily diminishing, but the issue which they present is one which involves the supremacy and even the ezistence of the constitution. Cases havo heretofore arisen in which individuals have denied the binding authority of acts of Congress, and even States have proposed to nullify such acts, upon the ground that the consti tution was the supreme law of the land, und that those acts of Congress were repugnant to that instrument; but nallication is now aimed, not sco much against particular laws as being inconsistent with the constitution, as against the constitution itself; and itis not to be disguised that a spirit exists and has been actively at work to rend asunder this Union, which is our cherished inheritance from our revolutionary tnthers. In my Inst annual message} stated that I considered the series of measures which had been adopted at the previous session, in reference to the agitation growing out of the territorial and slavery questions, ns a final settlement in principal and substance of the dangerous and exciting subjects which they embraced; and I recommended adherence to the adjustment catablished hy those measures, until time and experience should demonstrate the necessity of further legislation to guard agaimac evasion or abuse. I was not induced to make this recommendation because . [thought those mensures perfect, for no human legislation can be perfect. Wide differences and jariing opinions can only . be reconciled by yielding something on jnll sieds, reached after an angry conflict of many . months, in which one part of the counjtry wasarrayed against another, and and this result bad been violent convulsion seemed to be inminent. Looking at the interests of the whole country, I felt it my duty to veize upon this compromise asthe beet thas could be obtained amid conflicting interest, and to insist upon it ae a final settlement to be adhered to by all who value the pence and welfare of the country. A yeur has now elapsed since that recommendation waa made. ‘Tv . the inconveniences that now exist, for n that recommendation [ still adhere, an: I congratulate you and the country upon the general acquiescence in these mensures of pence, whivh has been exhibited in all parts of the repub'ic. And no: only is there this general acquiescence in these measures, but the spirit of conciliation which has been manifested in regard to them in all parts of the counq&* was so slight. I trust the capital, be removed to Sacramento, and) _his. then, must throw the trade of bie 4 nee ig EI My there Itisthe most natural and . the interior almost exclusively into the is 4 peat . depot in California. yeniont location in the State. . fr. Foote gave notice of a joint reThey are the that the titles may become settled, and. ''3" has removed doubts and uncertainjand killed Mr. Holt. ae ‘ ; same gang elso who killed Capt. D. B. the inhabitants stimulated to make peroe uae ak ae our Woods and hie companion, Russey, about manent improvements. and enter on the he question of a division of the State . hands of the Sacramentans, giving be urged by the Southern members. them a monopoly not in accordance session with all their power. mittee of thirteen to consider und prt on the subject is already appoinings. : If the taxes of the State tall heav. mentans getting all the trade they can, on the South, a more speedy end of trouble would be an amendment of . revenue laws, which eould be affec. We do not object to the Sacraprovided they do it by fair means. they can make use of the natural adwithout agitating any of the por-. vantages of commerce, so as to justify ing questions with which the other position is indiseolubly connected. evada ix most fortunate in having he Legislature the services of Mr. He is ono of the strongest men them in underselling their friends in . the city below, then we bid them God speed; or if they will create an in¢ House, and irrespective .of poliducement for those from the country is n valuable public servant. of the State in improvement. It the aspect that the commercial meolis of a grent State should possess. D more sweeping fires overtake it, in iw years it will be excelled by few . to stop with them ae matter of choice, n Francisco keeps pace with the; {they will have done no more than is ‘their right, and justice will allow and the world commend. But when envy \induces a community to sggrandize ein the werld in magnificence and perity. n Affair of Honor, dame off on . day between Ex-Governor Mcgel and A. (). Russel, Esq , of the yune. They met in Santa Clara ty, on the San Jose road. Mr. el’s hand was injured in the first He also received a slight flesh ad in the breast. s oF Gop Dust.— The Alta of day states that on Saturday evenhe steamer New World arrived acific Whart from Sacramento, a ial messenger of Adams & Uo’s ress was coming on shore, when night being dark, and there being bwed, he fell off the plank with a of gold dust amounting to twenty ousand dollars in his hand. water was about fifteen feet deep, the immense weight (over one red pounds) bearing him down, nly chance to extricate himself to drop the dust, which he did managed to get on to the wharf. rd was kept there all day yesterand an effort will probably be to-day to recover the dust. itself by demolishing or crippling an. other, whereby it will be without opisolution authorizing the appointment of ®& joint committee, to make arrangeA! with our republican, free trade feel-. ments for the reception of Kossuth in Washington. . A telegraphic dispatch from Wash“the President, Mr. Webster, and all the members of the Cabinet will entertain Kossuth sumptuously on his arrival at Washington. Hulsemann is either locked up in his rooms, or absent from Washington. for eome days. Henry Clay was quite illin Washin2ton and had been spitting blood A great deal of anxiety waa felt for him. . Steamer Prometheus Fired into, Intelligence had been received at Washington that the American steamer Prometheus was fired into as she wus . leaving the harbor of san Juan del He has been lost sight of the same time. The state of public feeling at that timo was so much . excited against them, that it became necessary to profess a degree of friendship towards the whites, which they I ington to the New York Herald, says, . have pretty generally maintained up to casionally show itself. Auction Sale.—By reference to our advertising columns, it will be seen that Williamson & Co. have an important auction sale at their old stand on Main street, at 2 o'clock P. M. on Saturday the 17th inst. . Daily Western American.—This is the title of anew paper about te be . issued in San Francisco, under the editorial management of Charles E. position, and left free to impose bur. Norte, by a British vessel of war, under Pickett, Esq., a gentleman well and densome conditions upon her auxilia. pretence of enforcing certain port dues wee: known from — 7 wed vee ries, she over-reaches herself. This . **id to be payable to tho authorities of dence in California. The publication ; Mosquito kingdom. Having fired on. Will be commenced on the 14th inst. is evidently an attempt to block up communication between the mines and San Francisco. And they who would use such means to force traders to come to them, would not fail to make use of the advantage thus attained, her twice, and compeiled her to return, the captain of the brig, made the Prometheos extinguish her fires, and place herself completely at his disposal. The Courier & Enquirer has the foland snatch the usurious percentage . lowing on this subject : our necessities would compel us to ay. ‘i it Sacramento, with all her natural advantages, cannot sustain hereelf and Tue Attack on tHE Prometueve.— By special Telegraph from our Washington correspondent, we learn that the American mail steamer Atlantie, which A . : : was to sail to-day, at noon, will be brief: thrive, without resorting to this and ly dstaiaed by si arrangement with. &0ld coin of the denominations of 86, t e State Department, to receive the . $10 and $20, to the amount of $300,000, similar means—if she has not men enough of fair business capacity, to . mail from make her commerce sought after, instead of driving people to her, she is Washington wiapasnen yesterday afternoon. Mr. Webster has written a dispatch to Mr. Lawrence, our under threats, the first nu Wernty Union —We have received mber of the Weekly Union, printed at the Daily Union office in Sacramento. It is well got up, and promises fair to be o useful sheet for circulation in the country. We wish the proprietors success in their undertaking. #@> In response to a petition, signed by many wealthy houres in San Francisco, requesting Moffatt & Co to issue they have consented to comply with their wishes. In view of the liability at a lower ebb in the tide of commerce . Minister at the Court of St. James, re-. 0f these private issues to fall short of quiting him to ascertain immediately . their pretended value, Moffatt & Co. than we had supposed. If it is necessary to give her traders an advantage of from 10 to 20 per cent. over their neighbors, and compel us to submit to it, then indeed is she a curse rather than a blessing. rom Lord Palmerst.n whether the outledge themselves to redeem their issue . Tage upon the Prometheus was author-. in San Francisco with the $50 inguts ised by standing or special instructions, . issued at the United States Assy office; or whether it wili be disavowed by the British Government. This communication expressly states that the eutrage is or by their agents, Mesers. Beebee & Uo > ah oon in the regular coin of the 1M, int, . ordinary pursuits of life. To effect these jobjects it is desirable that the necessaity provision be made by law for the es. tablishment of Jan ! offices in California and Oregon, and for the efficient prose;cution of the surveys at an early day. . The joint commission under the treaty . Of Guadalupe Hidalgo has been actively . boundary line between the United States and Mexico. It was stated in tho last annual report of the Secretary of the popular institutions, and given reneweu fssurance that our liberty and our Union may subsist together for the benefit of this and all succeeding genera~ tions, THE LEGISLATURE. In the Assembly on the 9:h, Mr. Wirg this time. But th ir treachery, willoc-/engaged inrunning and marking the . of El Dorado, offered a resolution which had for its otject the removal of the Legislature for the present session, and Interior, that the initial point on the. ®#® Consequence, for all time to come Pacific and the Pi of junction of the. from Vallejo. The resolution gan thus: f) Gila with the lorado river had been determined, and the intervening line, sbout one hundred and fifty miles in length, runand marked by temporary “Resolved. That the Legislature adjourn until to meet at —-—" Vallego, San Francisco, San Jose, monuments. Since that time a monuc. Benicia, and Sseramento, were succoament of marble has been erected at. sively proposed to fill the last blank. the initial point, and permanent landmarks of iron have been placed at suitable di-tances along the line. The initial pint on the Rio Grande has also beeen fixed by the commission= ers at latitude 32 deg. 22 min., and at! se the date of the Inst communication the . mp survey of the line had been made thence westward about one hundred and The discussion was carried on wit’ considerable spirit for some time, which resulted in the presentation of the following resolution : Resolved, That the Legislature, the nate concurring. adjourn to Sacraento on Tuesday the 13th inst. at noon. This resolution was passed by a vote of” fifty miles to the neighborhood of the. sc, 31, noes 26,—Lyons and Turner copper mines. The commission on our part was at. s first organised en a ecale which experience proved to be unwieldy and attended with unnecessary expense. Orders} from have, therefore, been issued for the reoting for it, and Ellis against. The resolution being presented to the enate for its concurrence, another warm debate sprung up, in which an effort wav made to divert the Senate & direct vote on the question, hy duction of the number of persons emot nie Valwcus Sor’ days, im ployed within the smallest limits. coner to give Vallejo and the citizens of sistent with the safety of those engaged we capital an opportunity to makesuita~ in the service, and the prompt and efficient execution of their important duties. Returns have been received from all the officers engaged in taking the census in the States and Territories, except California. The superintendent employed to make the enumeration in that State has not made his fuil report, frem causes, as he alleges, beyond his control. This failure is much to be regretted, as it hae prevented the Secretury of the Interior from making the decennial ap=/ ¢ portionment of representatives among the States, as required by the act approved May 23, 1850. It is hoped, however, that the returns will evon be © arrangements for the accommodation of the Legislature ; which, however, did not succeed, and on the final vote,it atood: Ayes 12, Nayes 12—Lost. Mr, Walsh voting in the negative. But little was done, saye the discussion of the removal of Tuolumne, offered a resolution for the nis, and submit for the action of the enate and Assembly such joint resolujon, and memorial to Congrese’ as they May find proper for the best i F tin alg Pp e best intercets Mr. Cook, introduced a bill giving the ceived, and ao time will then be lost in. Cut? 1tessurers further time till the 1 making the necessary appertionme / let, of March to make thoir reporte te Mt the State Treesurer

HE JOURNAL. . A. A. SBARORENT AND W. G. ALBAN. Tharsday Morning, Jan. 15. San Francisco, Jan. 12. . By Haworth & Swift's excellent line. stages, I arrived at Sacramento on! aturday about eleven a.m. The roads . re fast getling passable for treavy teams, nd the amount of goods on the way in. ieate that our market will not suffer . aterially from the effects of the late. m. I observe many improvements a substantial nature for the accomodation of passengers, on the route by bhneon’s ranch, and also the ocoupation d fencing of large tracts of Iand for nches. The agricultural resources of . e portim of the State traversed by . e stage line will be greatly enhanced other yenr, naturally giving a healthy A vigorous tone to the general busiesof the whole region. I regard as ost fortunate feature in the progreseneseof our northern counties, the velopment of an interest without hich no community can be permaintly prosperous. Presramente looks ek and thriving*and many subetan_ 4 NE vuaroesy Sacramento and San Francisco. The situation of these two cities is such a8 to make them rivals. That which would prove a blessing to one would be an injury to the other. It —— — . becomes the good people who compose EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE. . these two thriving communities, how. ever, to treat each other as honorable tivals, and each to act an honorable part. Much less are they justifiable in adopting such measures as will ma. terially affect the interests of those who are auxiliary to both of them. By an advertisement in the Union and Alta, we see that an arrangement 'has been made by the owners and agents of the different steamboats tra~ ding between San Francisco and Sac. ramento, the effect of which is to materially increase the rates of fair and freight between these two and intermediate points, from one of these points to the other is $10; deck passuge $5; freight on goods and merchandise, paying either by weight or measurement, $10 per ton without distinction; shippers in all cases to pay lighterage, and the custom of free passage to shippers is 1 brick buildings are being erected. . abolished. he merchants of thetcity understood ir true interests, they would at once If these rates are as low ae the to the commencement of a railroad . Steamers ean afford, allowing them a ough Placer and Nevada counties to. towns on Feather River. If they . ow the trade of the north to pase out . heir hands, which must occur if the . jected road from Benicia via Marys@ to the upper towne is accomplishthey will tind too late the fully of ting te natural advantages instead en ise. The necessities of Necull for rail communication with . e point having ready communication h Francisco, and a road to Maille will answer every purpose, when . t city shall have ite railway to Bes. am informed bya person in-. d in the movement that the stock . Benicia road ie nearly all taken ady in the Eastern States. er Senator I arrived at Benicia on, urday evening, and proceeded the t day to Vallejo. The road from icia to Vallejo is woarysome, and. & still greater extreme, and in all. broke up in disorder. Kossuth was then . RaKed in the Lopes Expedition. t be very bad during rains. A line Ree runs once per day to the capiallejo isa deserted, comfortless e—its hotel accommedations exeble and expensive; without a store he place, or any facilities for comfort. capitol is a fine building, and as as can be desired. Dissatisfied h their accommodations, the memare endenvoring to effect a new rejal. A resolution to remove to Sacento, you are aware, passed the eo, and was defeated by a tic vote. he Senate on Saturday, Tho queswill be brought up to-day in the} fon & motion to reconsider, and, . ve good reason to believe, removal be effected. No one believes Gen. ejo can fulfil his contract, and if he does, ho isa ruined man. It is not ejo himself that has been figuring e whole matter, but the speculators nts, who fear for their investments. cDougal had not denounced the capital, and removed the governhtal effects, hotel and store keepers Id have located at Vallejo, and have removed half the objections to it rensonable profit on their capital and labor, then, so far as they are concerned, it is all right. There are but few pereons who wish to see competition carried to such an extreme as to break down a laudable eaterprise — But when we take into consideration the influences which brought about this combination, it looke like it was designed to operate in another quarter. The card referred to says this arrangement was entered into in compliance with a petition signed by the Merchants of Sacramento. Suppose this arrangement were carried to probability the merchants of Sacramento would not object to it, and passage and freight should be $30 instead of $10, what would be the result? The mere item of freight from San Francisco to Sacramento would add 1 1-2 cents per pound to the price of every thing brought into the mines—— flour, meat, machinery, &c. But this is not all; and even as it is, the heavy rates of passage and freight must materially affect the interests of traders going from the mines to San Francisco to lay in their stock, if not prove la complete bar to the small dealers. . For, be it remembered that the mer‘chants of Sacramento do not depend . upon these steamboats for the freight~ . ing of their goods, but receive them urged. But no ono wished to risk ey there, when the prospect of rerect from the shippers, and on equal ARRIVAL OF THE INDEPENDENCE. A cabin passage . \from brigs, schooners, barks, &c., di, . terms with those of San Francisco. —. = = = Ia regarded as a direet violation of the first article of the trenty of April 1850. . Immedinte action is insisted upon to. Wards the settlement of these difficul. ties, either by the return of MF Bulwer, or by the appointment of some other person with sufficient authority. The tone of this official paper is high, just, en and American. Private letters have . Siu days later from the Atlantic States—!. aleo been written, instructing Mr. LawArrival of Kossuth— Organization of . rence in the most urgent we oth ef . i in ha . Congress--Outrage on the Steamer Pro-. C84 firmly aad promptly. Wi Per Gregory's Express. = an hour after the receipt of the intelligence of the outrage. Mr. Webster adTh mae Tadenend {Vand dressed s letter tu the President, reetnies cigaaesedbiriioans » commending the employment of a com. bilt’s Line, arrived at San Francisco on prten! mijitary armament to p'otect our . Thursday evening last, at 11 o'clock,. commerce and vindicate our national si S + . rights. Vesselsof war have been orIrv, erred oon Gm Sen ana dered to Chagres, San Juan and San about 17 days. metheus, etc. . The President's Mensage. We have reccived, thtuugh Gregory's Express, an extra from thé office of the Alta containing the Presidént’s Message. It is a long, business-like document, and presents the financial condition of the country in a most favorable light. We regret thatits great length prevents our giving it entire. We find the following paragtuphs relative to California and other matters of particulrr interest to our citizens: It will be seen that the cash sales of {the puplic lands exceed those of the . preceding year, and that there is reason to anticipate a still further increase, . ; Soeur. The delay in regard to the exe. To Gregory's Express, we arc indebt. cutien ot the Bulwer nd Clayton treaty ‘ed fcr late New York papers. has been produced by the domestic dif. By this arrival dates have been reficulties in Central A r erica. . ceive New York to the 8tt ‘ POSTERITY 7 saegtgy Ror reste De’ aarval oF THR GOLDEN GATE. : aes: 3 adh eich Four Days Later from New York. . et seived by the Nort! . A fo pre entarrene Sree The steamship Golden Gate arrived The New Ville camate ave BBad lak at San Francisco Saturday morning last, . 0 ‘ . having made the run from Panama in accounts of the reception of Kossuth in . . ‘. : eleven days and twenty two hours. that city. He arrived in the steamer The Goden G bri 4 f Humboldt on the Sth of December, Ax. he Goden Gate brings dates from the Humboldt entered the Narrows. she . tie ys i a pay tango ite! ne commenced firing signal guns, mor:+. °*79 fer Wan brought by the inde. pendence. than 30 of which were fired between) Ww indebted to G “E the Narrows and Pier No. 4, where she 9 AEF EREORER VERE Seen for Inte State.’ papers. hauled up. ; 7 Dr. Doane and several Hungarinns. . The steamers MeKige aoe Commodore wenton board the steamer ns she wis} Stockton were at Acapalee; the former coming up the buy. Dr Doane address. bees to leave the enme day ee wrigihijesd ‘ed Keysuth, welcoming him to America, . pat Feves ania died en the and handed him letter from Mayor. McKim previous to her arrival at AcaKingsland, requesting him to leave the pion. ship, and sojourn for the time at the There were ao steamere ot Panama house of Dr. Duane on Staten Island, . %8¢ the Golien Gate left, and many Kossuth replied to Dr. Doune, thanking . P°T#n® Were wuniting a him for his kind welcome, and left the bre: ree pica hiveseDhendhurh chip with Madame Keesuth, and proarrival of Kossuth bad ina great measure eeeded to Bip, Doane’s reddence. subsided. He was still atthe Irving Kossuth wan received at Castle House, and although suffering from sick. Garden, New York, on Dec. 6th. He. "@%# continued to receive uddresses and . was first addressed by Mayor Kingsland, . deputations from all parts of the Union. but in attempting to reply, the noise; rt. Rives. U. S. Minister to France and enthusiasm was sv great that he! ®*tived in New York on the 10th ult. . could net be heard. A rush was finally} The Spanish Government has parmade for the platform, and the meeting . 4oned 26 British subjects who Meg e American Minister at Madrid has been instructed to use his efforts to obtain Congress met on the first of Decem-, the relense of the Americans. ber. Linn Boyd of Kentucky, was elect-. Mr. Thrasher has been sent to Spain. ed Speaker of the House on the first; The U. S. Government it is thought will ballot, and Col. John W. Forney was. immediately take mensures to effect elected Clerk. his release. In the Senate, Mr. Gwin gavo notice. . A fire occurred in Portland, Maine, (i ; : in which some one hundred thensand of hie intention to introduce the fullowdollars worth of property was destroyed. ing bills: The steamers Archer and Die Vernon To ertablish a branch mint in Cali-. came in collision on the Mississippi, near ia. the mouth ef the Illinois, and twelve or To provide for the location and con-/ fourteen passengers on the former lost struction of o central railroad from the . their liven. sas, river to the Pacific. An accident occurred on the Hudson A bill to reduce postage on newspa-. River Raiiroad, on the night of Dec. 5th, pers, and establish uniform rates of pos-. by which some ten or twelve persons tage on letters throughout the United . lost their lives. States. _ A bill directing the payment te Cali-. Mvapgrep sr Inpiaxs.—We learn . fornia od the Pig collected xg vo that two Chinamen were murdered on ports there, after the treaty with Mex-. . ay ico, up to the admission of California as inst Sunday, near Independence Rancho, la State, on Wolf Creek. The Indians inhabiting _ To establish ocean mail steamers from . this region are the Bear River Indians. San Francisco, via the Sandwich Is] They are well known as the Indians who lands, to Shanghai, China. . . , A bill for a telegraph from the Misburnt the saw mill near Grass Valley conveyed tothe Irving Heuse, where he took up his residence. /no withetinding the large donations . which have been made to many of the . States, ond the liberal grants to indi. viduals asa reward for military services . This fact furnishes very gratifying evidence of the growing wealth and prosperity of our c.untry. . Suitable measures have been adopted . for commencing the survey of the publie lande in C re Pet and Oregon. Sur. veying parties have been organised, and some progress has been made in eatablishing the principal ba:e and meridian lines. But further legislation and additional appropriatiove will be necesanry before che proper subdivisions can be . aoe amd the general land system extended ever those remote parts of our . territory. ; On tbe 3d of March last, an act was passed providing for the appointment of three commissioners te settle private land claims in California. Three persens were immediately appointed. all of whom. however, declined accepting the office. in consequence of the inadequacy jof the compensation. Others were . promptly selected, who, for the same reason, also declined; and it was not till Inte in the season that the service of suitable persone could be secured. A majority uf the commissioners convened in this city on the 10th of September last, when detniled instructions were given to them in regard to their duties. The first meeting for the transaction of business will be heldin San Francisco on the eighth day of the present month. Ihave thought it proper to refer to these facte, not only to explain the causesof the delay in filling the commis. jsion, but to call your attention to the . propriety of increasing the compensn. tion of the commissioners. The office is one of grent Inbor and responsibility, . and the compensation should be such as . to command men of a high order of taltegrity. . The proper disposal of the mineral led by great difficulties. in my list anjnual message . recommended tho surjvey and sale of them in small parcels under such restrictions as would effectually guard ngainst monopoly and speculation. But upon further information, and in deference to the opinions of perjsona familiar with the subject, . am linelined to change that recommendation, and to advise that they be permitted to remain, us at present, a common field, open to the enterprise and industry of all our citizens, until further experience shall have developed the best policy to be ultimately adopted in regard to them. It is safer to suffer . short period, than, by premature. legisjIation, to fasten on the country a system . founded in error, which may place the . whole subject beyond the future co atrol ! of Congress. . The agricultural lands should. how‘ever, be surveyed and brougiit into market with as little delay as possible, ents, and the most unquestionable in. . lands of California isa subject surround-. and in transmitting the certificates required by law. The Indians in California, who had previously “appeared of a peaceable character, and disposed to cultivate the friendship of the whites, have recently committed several acts of hostility. Av a large portion of the _reinforcemonts sent tothe Mexican frontier %ere drawn from the Pacific, the militray force now stationed there is considered entirely inadequate to itedefence. it cannot be increased, however, without an increase of the army; and [ again recommend that measure as indispensable to the protection of the frontier. The act of Congress for the return of fugitives from labor is one required gnd

demanded by the express words of the constitution. Some objections have been urged against the details of the act for the return of fugitives from labor, but it is worthy of remark that the main opposition is aimed agninat the constitution itself, and proceeds from persons many of whom declare their wish to see thus constitution overturned. They avow their hostility to any law which shall give full and practical effect to this requirement of the constitution. Fortunately, the number of these persons ix comparatively small, and is believed tu be daily diminishing, but the issue which they present is one which involves the supremacy and even the ezistence of the constitution. Cases havo heretofore arisen in which individuals have denied the binding authority of acts of Congress, and even States have proposed to nullify such acts, upon the ground that the consti tution was the supreme law of the land, und that those acts of Congress were repugnant to that instrument; but nallication is now aimed, not sco much against particular laws as being inconsistent with the constitution, as against the constitution itself; and itis not to be disguised that a spirit exists and has been actively at work to rend asunder this Union, which is our cherished inheritance from our revolutionary tnthers. In my Inst annual message} stated that I considered the series of measures which had been adopted at the previous session, in reference to the agitation growing out of the territorial and slavery questions, ns a final settlement in principal and substance of the dangerous and exciting subjects which they embraced; and I recommended adherence to the adjustment catablished hy those measures, until time and experience should demonstrate the necessity of further legislation to guard agaimac evasion or abuse. I was not induced to make this recommendation because . [thought those mensures perfect, for no human legislation can be perfect. Wide differences and jariing opinions can only . be reconciled by yielding something on jnll sieds, reached after an angry conflict of many . months, in which one part of the counjtry wasarrayed against another, and and this result bad been violent convulsion seemed to be inminent. Looking at the interests of the whole country, I felt it my duty to veize upon this compromise asthe beet thas could be obtained amid conflicting interest, and to insist upon it ae a final settlement to be adhered to by all who value the pence and welfare of the country. A yeur has now elapsed since that recommendation waa made. ‘Tv . the inconveniences that now exist, for n that recommendation [ still adhere, an: I congratulate you and the country upon the general acquiescence in these mensures of pence, whivh has been exhibited in all parts of the repub'ic. And no: only is there this general acquiescence in these measures, but the spirit of conciliation which has been manifested in regard to them in all parts of the counq&* was so slight. I trust the capital, be removed to Sacramento, and) _his. then, must throw the trade of bie 4 nee ig EI My there Itisthe most natural and . the interior almost exclusively into the is 4 peat . depot in California. yeniont location in the State. . fr. Foote gave notice of a joint reThey are the that the titles may become settled, and. ''3" has removed doubts and uncertainjand killed Mr. Holt. ae ‘ ; same gang elso who killed Capt. D. B. the inhabitants stimulated to make peroe uae ak ae our Woods and hie companion, Russey, about manent improvements. and enter on the he question of a division of the State . hands of the Sacramentans, giving be urged by the Southern members. them a monopoly not in accordance session with all their power. mittee of thirteen to consider und prt on the subject is already appoinings. : If the taxes of the State tall heav. mentans getting all the trade they can, on the South, a more speedy end of trouble would be an amendment of . revenue laws, which eould be affec. We do not object to the Sacraprovided they do it by fair means. they can make use of the natural adwithout agitating any of the por-. vantages of commerce, so as to justify ing questions with which the other position is indiseolubly connected. evada ix most fortunate in having he Legislature the services of Mr. He is ono of the strongest men them in underselling their friends in . the city below, then we bid them God speed; or if they will create an in¢ House, and irrespective .of poliducement for those from the country is n valuable public servant. of the State in improvement. It the aspect that the commercial meolis of a grent State should possess. D more sweeping fires overtake it, in iw years it will be excelled by few . to stop with them ae matter of choice, n Francisco keeps pace with the; {they will have done no more than is ‘their right, and justice will allow and the world commend. But when envy \induces a community to sggrandize ein the werld in magnificence and perity. n Affair of Honor, dame off on . day between Ex-Governor Mcgel and A. (). Russel, Esq , of the yune. They met in Santa Clara ty, on the San Jose road. Mr. el’s hand was injured in the first He also received a slight flesh ad in the breast. s oF Gop Dust.— The Alta of day states that on Saturday evenhe steamer New World arrived acific Whart from Sacramento, a ial messenger of Adams & Uo’s ress was coming on shore, when night being dark, and there being bwed, he fell off the plank with a of gold dust amounting to twenty ousand dollars in his hand. water was about fifteen feet deep, the immense weight (over one red pounds) bearing him down, nly chance to extricate himself to drop the dust, which he did managed to get on to the wharf. rd was kept there all day yesterand an effort will probably be to-day to recover the dust. itself by demolishing or crippling an. other, whereby it will be without opisolution authorizing the appointment of ®& joint committee, to make arrangeA! with our republican, free trade feel-. ments for the reception of Kossuth in Washington. . A telegraphic dispatch from Wash“the President, Mr. Webster, and all the members of the Cabinet will entertain Kossuth sumptuously on his arrival at Washington. Hulsemann is either locked up in his rooms, or absent from Washington. for eome days. Henry Clay was quite illin Washin2ton and had been spitting blood A great deal of anxiety waa felt for him. . Steamer Prometheus Fired into, Intelligence had been received at Washington that the American steamer Prometheus was fired into as she wus . leaving the harbor of san Juan del He has been lost sight of the same time. The state of public feeling at that timo was so much . excited against them, that it became necessary to profess a degree of friendship towards the whites, which they I ington to the New York Herald, says, . have pretty generally maintained up to casionally show itself. Auction Sale.—By reference to our advertising columns, it will be seen that Williamson & Co. have an important auction sale at their old stand on Main street, at 2 o'clock P. M. on Saturday the 17th inst. . Daily Western American.—This is the title of anew paper about te be . issued in San Francisco, under the editorial management of Charles E. position, and left free to impose bur. Norte, by a British vessel of war, under Pickett, Esq., a gentleman well and densome conditions upon her auxilia. pretence of enforcing certain port dues wee: known from — 7 wed vee ries, she over-reaches herself. This . **id to be payable to tho authorities of dence in California. The publication ; Mosquito kingdom. Having fired on. Will be commenced on the 14th inst. is evidently an attempt to block up communication between the mines and San Francisco. And they who would use such means to force traders to come to them, would not fail to make use of the advantage thus attained, her twice, and compeiled her to return, the captain of the brig, made the Prometheos extinguish her fires, and place herself completely at his disposal. The Courier & Enquirer has the foland snatch the usurious percentage . lowing on this subject : our necessities would compel us to ay. ‘i it Sacramento, with all her natural advantages, cannot sustain hereelf and Tue Attack on tHE Prometueve.— By special Telegraph from our Washington correspondent, we learn that the American mail steamer Atlantie, which A . : : was to sail to-day, at noon, will be brief: thrive, without resorting to this and ly dstaiaed by si arrangement with. &0ld coin of the denominations of 86, t e State Department, to receive the . $10 and $20, to the amount of $300,000, similar means—if she has not men enough of fair business capacity, to . mail from make her commerce sought after, instead of driving people to her, she is Washington wiapasnen yesterday afternoon. Mr. Webster has written a dispatch to Mr. Lawrence, our under threats, the first nu Wernty Union —We have received mber of the Weekly Union, printed at the Daily Union office in Sacramento. It is well got up, and promises fair to be o useful sheet for circulation in the country. We wish the proprietors success in their undertaking. #@> In response to a petition, signed by many wealthy houres in San Francisco, requesting Moffatt & Co to issue they have consented to comply with their wishes. In view of the liability at a lower ebb in the tide of commerce . Minister at the Court of St. James, re-. 0f these private issues to fall short of quiting him to ascertain immediately . their pretended value, Moffatt & Co. than we had supposed. If it is necessary to give her traders an advantage of from 10 to 20 per cent. over their neighbors, and compel us to submit to it, then indeed is she a curse rather than a blessing. rom Lord Palmerst.n whether the outledge themselves to redeem their issue . Tage upon the Prometheus was author-. in San Francisco with the $50 inguts ised by standing or special instructions, . issued at the United States Assy office; or whether it wili be disavowed by the British Government. This communication expressly states that the eutrage is or by their agents, Mesers. Beebee & Uo > ah oon in the regular coin of the 1M, int, . ordinary pursuits of life. To effect these jobjects it is desirable that the necessaity provision be made by law for the es. tablishment of Jan ! offices in California and Oregon, and for the efficient prose;cution of the surveys at an early day. . The joint commission under the treaty . Of Guadalupe Hidalgo has been actively . boundary line between the United States and Mexico. It was stated in tho last annual report of the Secretary of the popular institutions, and given reneweu fssurance that our liberty and our Union may subsist together for the benefit of this and all succeeding genera~ tions, THE LEGISLATURE. In the Assembly on the 9:h, Mr. Wirg this time. But th ir treachery, willoc-/engaged inrunning and marking the . of El Dorado, offered a resolution which had for its otject the removal of the Legislature for the present session, and Interior, that the initial point on the. ®#® Consequence, for all time to come Pacific and the Pi of junction of the. from Vallejo. The resolution gan thus: f) Gila with the lorado river had been determined, and the intervening line, sbout one hundred and fifty miles in length, runand marked by temporary “Resolved. That the Legislature adjourn until to meet at —-—" Vallego, San Francisco, San Jose, monuments. Since that time a monuc. Benicia, and Sseramento, were succoament of marble has been erected at. sively proposed to fill the last blank. the initial point, and permanent landmarks of iron have been placed at suitable di-tances along the line. The initial pint on the Rio Grande has also beeen fixed by the commission= ers at latitude 32 deg. 22 min., and at! se the date of the Inst communication the . mp survey of the line had been made thence westward about one hundred and The discussion was carried on wit’ considerable spirit for some time, which resulted in the presentation of the following resolution : Resolved, That the Legislature, the nate concurring. adjourn to Sacraento on Tuesday the 13th inst. at noon. This resolution was passed by a vote of” fifty miles to the neighborhood of the. sc, 31, noes 26,—Lyons and Turner copper mines. The commission on our part was at. s first organised en a ecale which experience proved to be unwieldy and attended with unnecessary expense. Orders} from have, therefore, been issued for the reoting for it, and Ellis against. The resolution being presented to the enate for its concurrence, another warm debate sprung up, in which an effort wav made to divert the Senate & direct vote on the question, hy duction of the number of persons emot nie Valwcus Sor’ days, im ployed within the smallest limits. coner to give Vallejo and the citizens of sistent with the safety of those engaged we capital an opportunity to makesuita~ in the service, and the prompt and efficient execution of their important duties. Returns have been received from all the officers engaged in taking the census in the States and Territories, except California. The superintendent employed to make the enumeration in that State has not made his fuil report, frem causes, as he alleges, beyond his control. This failure is much to be regretted, as it hae prevented the Secretury of the Interior from making the decennial ap=/ ¢ portionment of representatives among the States, as required by the act approved May 23, 1850. It is hoped, however, that the returns will evon be © arrangements for the accommodation of the Legislature ; which, however, did not succeed, and on the final vote,it atood: Ayes 12, Nayes 12—Lost. Mr, Walsh voting in the negative. But little was done, saye the discussion of the removal of Tuolumne, offered a resolution for the nis, and submit for the action of the enate and Assembly such joint resolujon, and memorial to Congrese’ as they May find proper for the best i F tin alg Pp e best intercets Mr. Cook, introduced a bill giving the ceived, and ao time will then be lost in. Cut? 1tessurers further time till the 1 making the necessary appertionme / let, of March to make thoir reporte te Mt the State Treesurer