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History and Proposed Settlement Claims of California Indians (1944) (35 pages)
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Page: of 35
26 HISTORY AND PROPOSED SETTLEMENT
available to them, their land and economic conditions, and the
general health conditions prevailing among them. The general conclusion to be drawn was indeed a sorry one—California’s aborigines were gradually being exterminated, not
through any fault of their own, but by poverty, neglect,
starvation, disease, by barren lands and inadequate educational
facilities, directly or indirectly attributable to the treatment
accorded them by their white successors in interest. Congressional action was recommended to remedy the situation.
Other groups also active in behalf of the Indian cause
included the Northern California Indian Association,® the
Indian Board of Cooperation, Inc.,® the Indian Brotherhood,
the Indian Welfare Committee of the Daughters of the American Revolution, the Indian Welfare Committee of the Federated Womens’ Clubs, the California. Indian Rights Association, Inc., the Mission Indian Federation, and the Womens’
Christian Temperance Union.
Action in Congress
It required eight years of effort on the part of the Indians
and their friends to obtain relief from the Congress.
The first bill introduced in the Congress for the relief of
the Indians of California was offered in 1920 by Representative Raker of California. The bill (H.R. 12788, 66th Congress, 2d Session) provided for the filing of suit by any tribe
or band of California Indians through private attorneys who
were to be compensated by a per centum of the amount of the
judgment recovered not exceeding ten per cent. There was
no reference in the bill to the unratified treaties, but authorization was given “for determination of the amount, if any,
due said tribes or bands from the United States for lands formerly occupied and claimed by them in the said State, which
lands are alleged to have been taken from them without
compensation * * ,” 1°
* Hearings before a Subcommittee of the Committee of Indian Affairs, House of Representatives, 66th Congress, 2d Session (March 23, 1920), pp. 63-65.
*Ibid., pp. 79-92.
1 Hearings before a Subcommittee of the Commictee on Indian Affairs, House of Representacives, 66th Congress, 2d Session, March 23, 1920, pp. 3-4,