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Collection: Directories and Documents > Pamphlets
Minerology Handbook by Eckert Mineral Research Prospector Supplies (PH 2-2) (28 pages)
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Page: of 28
these are usually found to be finely lined, parallel to one pair of edges.
Jasper— An opaque, impure variety of quartz, of red, yellow, and
other dull colors, breaking with a smooth surface. It admits of a high
polish, and is used for vases, seals, snuff boxes, etc.
Kyanite—Alumina and Silicate—Hardness 7. Sp. Gr. 3.6. This mineral is highly resistant to acid. Heat will change Kyanite to sillimanite. Its occurence is in crystalline schist, gneiss and mica schist.
Pecularity is long bladed crystals. Its hardness is 4.—5. parallel to the
long direction and 7. across them. This is a metamorphic mineral.
It is highly refractory.
Lava—It is commonly regarded as molten rock, but more exactly it
is mineral matter dissolved in mineral matter. The solution takes place
at high temperatures only. The fluidity of lava depends to some extent
on its composition, and on the presence of vapor and other gases dissolved in it, but more on its temperature. Basic lavas are commonly
more fluid than acid ones. Lava flows out in streams, sometimes miles
in length, such as the great lava field of Washington and Idaho. The
texture of solid lava is influenced by the manner of cooling. Rapid
cooling produces a glass, as obsidian; very slow cooling results in a crystalline rock. The solidification of lava when full of expanded gases
produces a celluJar texture, as in pumice. According to its constituent
material, lava is classed as basaltic, trachytic, etc.
LapilHi—Small stone or glassy fragment of lava thrown out in volcanic eruptions.
Lepidcolite—Miea, containing Fluerine, Potassium, Alumina, Silicate
and Lithia, from which comes its name “Lithia Mica.”—Sp. Gr. 2.8—2..
Hardness 2.—4. Colors the flame red and fuses to a white glass. It occurs in pegmatite veins, is the result of pneumatolytic action; of hot
percolating waters under pressure. Color depends on impurities.
This mineral is found jn large quantities in pegmatite dykes, associated with Spodumene, It is a source of lithium compounds and a
glass maker.
Limestone—A rock consisting chiefly of calcium carbonate and yielding lime when burned. It some times contains magnesium carbonate,
and is called magnesian, or dolomitic imestone. Crystalline limestone
is called marble. Limestone is sometimes formed by chemical precipitation, but chiefly by accumulation of organic remains such as shells,
eoral, etc. Its color, texture, and purity vary -greatly.
Limonite—Hydrous oxide of iron (2Fe 03 .3H20), an important ore
of iron, occurring in stalactic, or earthy forms, of a dark brown color,
and as a yellowish brown powder. Hardness—3 to 5.5. Specific gravity
—3.6 to 4.0. Also called brown hematite. Limonite includes bog ore and
ochers, in which impurities are common. It is the usual coloring matter of yellowish brown rocks and clays.
Magnesite—Native magnesium carbonate, MgCo3, in white or lightcolored compact or granular masses, resembling chalk. Hardness—3.5
to 4.5. Specific gravity of crystals—3.0 to 3.1.
Magnetite—Magnetite, or Iron Oxide (Fe304) suggests in its name
its most striking characteristic, that of being magnetic. It is strongly
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