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Collection: Directories and Documents > Pamphlets
Minerology Handbook by Eckert Mineral Research Prospector Supplies (PH 2-2) (28 pages)
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Page: of 28
(See Asbestos). Presence of iron may give it a red or brownish hue.
Precious, or noble, serpentine is translucent and of rich oil-green color.
Serpentine results from the alteration of other magnesium minerals,
especially chrysolite, amphibole, and pyroxene, and is frequently found
in large masses. It is used as an ornamental stone and, when fibrous,
as asbestos.
Sillimanite—Same as Kyanite—Hardness 6.—7. Specific gravity 3.2.
The most stable of the three compounds with this formula. A normal
constituent of hard porcelain. Occurs in gneisses, quartz, mica schists
and other metamorphic rocks.
Uses—Where high fusion point is necessary. Arch in glass melts,
spark plugs, oven ware, etc.
Shale—A rock formation created by the consolidation of clay, mud
or silt having finely stratified or laminated structure.
Silver Ore—Silver, Lead, Zinc, Sulphur in Quartz—Silver in this ore
is a sulphide and occurs in a true fissure solution coming from depth.
These ores are rarely free from other metals and never have silver in
its native free form. The method used to extract the silver is by smeiting, requiring considerable heat.
The uses of silver are many and in view of the large production today, considerable effort is being devoted to extending its use industrially. Silver is malleable and ductile, a good conductor of heat and
electricity. This ore is widely diffused in nature and common to the
quartz formations where it occurs in veins, often with gold.
Smithsonite—Or zinc carbonate (ZnC03). Greatly resembles ealamine. It is often referred to as “dry bone” by the miners. It is remarkable for its beautiful shades of red, yellow, blue, and green. Hardness—about 5. Specific gravity—4.3.
Sphalerite (Zincblende)—Which in Greek, means “deceiving,” for
it is easy to be misled by this mineral. The miner’s terms “Black Jack,”
“False Lead,” “False Galena”’—refer to this fact. Generally found in
masses or small particles, showing smooth surfeces of cleavage. Sphalerite is brittle when cold. Zinc occurs in considerable abundance but
probably never in the na‘ive state. Zinc is used to make roofing sheathing, etc., to coat iron, to make alloys. Specific gravity—7 to 1.2.
Spodumene—Lithia, Alumina and Silicate—Hardness 6.—7. Specific
gravity 3.1—3.2. Occurrence, pegmatite veins.
Uses—In making Lithium compounds for red fire and medicine.
Lithium is a very important mineral. Lithia alloyed with iron is a
coming airplane metal, due to its resistance to expansion and contraction under heat and cold. Also important in the plate glass commerce.
In addition it possesses lightness and strength. Large crystals are common. Associates—quartz and mica.
Stibnite—Native antimony trisulphide, Sb2S3, occuring in prismatic
orthorhombic crystals of lead-gray color and brilliant metallic luster
and also in massive form; called also gray amtimony. The crystals show
& highly perfect cleavage. Stibnite is used in manufacturing safety
matches, fireworks, etc., in making rubber goods and in refining gold.
In Eastern countries it has been used since ancient times as a cosmetic.
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