Volume 11 (1865) (424 pages)

end having a refinery ond assay office attached, will stainp their awn bullion and guarentee ita correctness. Mr. Harker has purchased the best huilding in the place for the bank office, which is sitnated in the mast central postion of the town. The office fixtures and bank-vault are now heing placed in position, anil their assay office jest finished, and ere this enmes belore your readers the institution will be fully under way, Whe oatlxy for bank office, building vanits, safe, ete., is $20,000. The eastern owners of the bauk capital have also invested largely in the mines of this district. ‘They are represented hero by Major C. B. Raymond, a gentleman of munch experienec in mines and inining operations generally, bofidea being a most thorough business man, these qualifications amply fitting him for the very onerons duties which will devolve xpon hint. This mining corporation is known hy the name of the “ United Reese River Mining Company " of Boston. The company own in gome twenty-four diferent ledges, in many of which they hold controlling interests, while others they own altugether, Among their numerona mines ure those of the Whitluch Union, Camargo, Diana, Buel North Star, Black Ledee, Honest Miner, Nevada, Yankee Blnde, and others too unmerous to mention hews, Since commencing operations on the Whitlatch Union, rich pay ore lus been struck, and the true vein discovered, which for some time back hud been at lault. Good pay ore is also being takcu out Irom the Wonest Miner, and the Diana is yielding a splendid supply of very superior ore, which the company are now working in the Eureka mill,at Big Creek, they Iuving leased that mill trom D. A. Buel. They intend tn prospect all their claims by this will, when, if results obtained justify, they will build a more extensive one. ‘This I consider a very wise and jadicions course, and shows at once the caution, sagacity, nud prudence of Mujor Raymond, in first properly developing his mines and proving their merits before erecting reduction works at immenso expense, which afterwards may be found unealled tor. his mistake, I fear, is being made here by a few, who are investing most liberally in mill buildings, without spending a cent so far towards the development of their mines. The U, R. R. Mining company was organized in Boston at the instance of Mr. J.W. Harker, who having gone Hust with the mining property already mentioned, soon found capitalists to invest as well in the mines as to open a bank of accommodation, as already described. Yo Mr. Harker is certainly due the credit of having the attentiou of men of means drawn to the due development of these valuable niines, a3 also of having banking accommodatious on liberul terug established in this place. OUTSINE DISTRICTS. Several outside districts are attracting consideruhle attention here at the present time. Ioremost amongst them are those of ‘Twin River, Silver Peak, Volcano, and San Antoine. The ‘Ywin River district is distant from Austin 55 miles, in Nye county, where is situated the far-fimed Murphy " ledge. This ledge is considered one of the richest iu the State, being at different points at a varyiug thickness of from 25 to 30 feet. and 1,000 Teet in location. The ore from different depths assay from average samples from $250 to $730 per ton—the first working by mill process yielding $80 per ton. A lot of 70 tons, worked at the Butte mill, near Austin, returned $184 per ton. ‘this mine was located by Mr. G. H. Willard, in July, 1863, when he associated with himseif four others. ‘lhe company fot having snfficient ready cash to put up reduction works, sold four-fifths of their interest for the sum of $50,000, gold coin, retaining one-fifth of tie entire capital stock of the company unassessable, and binding tie purchasers to set nside $300,000 of a pnid-up working Capital, to ercct hoisting, pumping, and milling machinery, build roads, etc., ete. ‘I'he purchaser of the mine is Mr. R. B. Canfield, who bought in the interest of his father, A. W. Canfield, of New York. This company have excellent privileges of wood and water, and any nmount of salt in their immediate vicinity. ‘I'ncir mill site is go situnted that their ore cars can be run from tlicir nine into the mill. ‘Vhey are enguged in building a road from the mine to connect with the “Smoky Valley" road to Austin. Mr. R. B Canfield is now in San Francisco, forwarding inine and mill inachinery to their mine. The mill is to have 20 stamps of 900 pounds each. It is computed that with a mill of such capacity they can reduce 15 tons per day, settiug the ore at $163 perton,and allowing $33 Per ton to cover all costs. leaviug a net profit to the coinpany of nearly 32,000 per day. ‘The Mining superintendent of the company is Capt. G. W. Shears, an old “ Lake Superior” copper miner, and a man of very fine general knowledge of under-ground mining. Another of the noted ledges of this distriet is the “ MeDonald,” owned by 5. 1. Wilkird (of the Murphy utine), L. Hl. Newton, and Harry Mills, this bemg the firat extension sonth of the * Murphy.” ‘This company are going down on their ledge by a shalt distant from the ineline of the + Murphy” only 40 fect. and showing equally as Ine ore. 1. Willord, the fortunate and enterprising diseoverer of the Murphy ledge, and by whom tho ‘win River district was formed. ‘This gentleman is one of thuse worthy and energetic pioneers, who is vow reaping o rich reward lor the years of nrduous toil spent in hope and expectaney, while patiently but persevering searching for nature's hidden treasure. the (win River district, sach us tho Central American, Savnge, Goleonda, Arizona, Greut astern, Mozart, Chnmblin, and Harmon, all of which ure beiug thoroughly developed. TNE SILVER LAKE DISTRICT Is now foremost nmongst the miues of attractton of this State. And as my notes of this important mining district ure too lengthy for my present article, 1 will defer a notice of it to your next issne of the Press. Some very heavy sates of mining property having taken place, and others to my certain knowledge now being negotiated, T deem it of snfficient importance to devote my next communication entirely to that district. VOLCANO DISTRICT Is now notorious from the lact of some mines of cinnibar being discovered there. ‘The first notice, or rather discovery of thia mineral, was tuade by a man named M. Ensign, and wus at the time thought but little of; but subsequently Mr. Ensign and Mr. John Frost, of tho Oregon company, at Austin, having poid some attention to baving it more thoraughly tested. and having proved it to be valuable, had the mine properly located, a district formed, and secured to themselves and a few friends what certainly must be, in snch a eountry as this,a mint of wealth tothe fortunate discoverers. Mr. Ensign, with a force of men, has been sinking a shaft npon the mine. He orrived here, a Tew days since, with a sack of the ore from a depth of 120 leet, which he left with the writer lor assay. Several tests have been mnde, cyery ono of which has shown quicksilver. He has now returned to the mine to attend to its further development. Your readers may expect to hear more of this valuabie discovery as soon as its value per ton and its extent and character is fully ascertaiued. J.R.M Electrical Queries. Messrs. prrors:—I always read the Miniwe AnD Scientiric Press when it comes within my reach,and last evening I perused an article on “The Relation of Electricity to Matter,” and through you, and with your permissiou, I would ask your correspondent a question for information. Jn the first place I understood bim to say that electricity is not an entity, but a condition, If that is the case, how is it that it passes so readily through what we call a vacuum? Ju the secord placc,] understand him ‘to menn that the capacity of a body for electricity is, like heat, in proportion to its inteusity. Tonce read ina scientific work that water probably excclled every other known hody in its capacity for heat, and yet it is not tbe densest known body. Have I misunderstood either or both ? My head was never very clear about occan telegraphy ; but the idea of a current losing, or being lost, on its way back, upsets ny whole train of thinking. I once read a description of an experiment that weut a great way,in my estimation, to show that a current was longest in reaching the middle of a conducting wire, and that at two points, equidistant from each pole of a battery, the current was simultaaeous. Said experiment, and several other matters, induce nie, when I say current, to mean the coercion of the electricity in the circuit toa . polar condition. ‘This being my idea of a cur. rent, I would feel obliged il your correspond. ent would show me where IL was wrong, or . explain the seeming discord. ; I wonld also ask upon what train of reasoning he infers tbat the inductive effects of terrestrial currents would be less on an insulated . wire thau they would be on the whole world as . a conductor, Arruur CoorEr. Grass Valley, Oct. 18, 1865. Gorp 1x TrHk Co.ompia River.—It is said that several very fine gold prospects have been . found on aome of the bars in the Columbia river, One man is reported to have recently . taken out $500 ina short time froma bar on . that river. The’ mine is nnder the saperintendence of Mr. G. . There are several other very fine ledges in . «The Blining and Scicntifir Press, ' tseftl Anformation. Tur Cotossvs or Rnones.—Next to the Egyptian U'yramids, the Colossns of Rhedes has been considered the chief among the seven ancient wanders of the world. It is repmted to lve stood astride of tho varrow entrance to the harbor of the city of Rhodes ; its hight being 105 fect, so thot any vessel of those days eould pass betweeu its great legs. It was the workininship of Chores, who was employed twenty-one yeors in its eonstruetion. llistory telis us it wus thrown dowu fifty yeurs after it was fished, by a terrible earthquake —which ocerrred 3. C. 800, Of late years many learned nicn have come to tbe conclusion that very crude ideas, and inueh fabulous exaugeration has existed with regard to it. Dr. C. J*. Luders, Professor at the Johanneum lat Hamburg, has just published a critical historical treatiso on this structure. According to his researclies it is reduced to nothing more than a colossul statue, standing on terra jirma like the Bavaria at Mnnich, but near the larhor, and not ueross itsmouth. He insists upon it that its stauding open legged across the mouth of the harbor, and being used as alighthonse, isa pure invention, and an euianation of fancy from later writers. Pir Hore.—This now famous oil locality at the East, derives its nume from an immense pit or ernter on tho top of a mountain near hy the base of which the wells have heen suuk» which have recently produced such cxtraordinary returns. ‘This pit has the repntation of being of great depth, but has never been explored, owing to the noxions vapor and gases constantly arising from it. It is about twenty feet diameter at the mouth, anda fowl suspended in it will not livea minute, and in fiftecn minutes will become putrid. ‘The first well sunk in this neighborhood is a short distance from the base of the hill, and was bored to the depth of 700 feet. Erapication or Stumps.— Where it is necessary o remove large stumps under circumnstances which render it impracticabie to rvaoil one's self of the assistance of a‘*stump machine,” the work may be successfully necomplished by bnrning. ‘his is done by digging under them, filliug the cavity with combustible materigls, and covering the stump, after firing the materials, with turt, in the same manner that coal-kilns are eovered. ‘The fire will in a short time cffect the entire destruction of the stumps—even the loug latcral roots, unless the soilis very humid, in which case the hurning should be undertaken during the dry weather of summer. If the dirt is excavated a few weeks before the burnirg is undertaken the operation will he more speedtly effected. The ashes produced by the combustion will afford an excellent stimulus for the soil, and should be carefully supplied as soun as the operatior is completed. But in all cases where eradication by pulling is practicable, the stump macbine should be used.— Germantown Telegraph. Bauinc Green Hay.—lxperiments have been made in packing greeu hay with entire success. The dew or rain is dried off, leaving the stalk still green, but wilted. The hay is then pressed in bales and-stored away. It will come out in winter almost a3 fresh as it went in, losing comparatively but little in weight. Ofcourse, this is an improvement upon the old method, as the juices of the grass are retained. Wegive the above on the nuthority of the Massachusetts Ploughman, pretty good nuthority generally; but it strikes us, in this instance, as a little doubttul. A Frexeu photographer has made arrangements for descending to the bed of the oceau in asubmarine vessel, provided with electric light, and inaking submarine photographs. “Moon on tur Lake,” is the curious name given to the latest Tavorite color for ladies’ dresses at the Kast. A newstyle of veil is also coming into use in New York. It is long and narrow, drawn ond fastened to one side of the bonnet, the side of the veil being tbrown gracefully over the-front; it bas a very fine effect. Gen. Grant, it is reported, will soon visit Europe, where he will remain. Gen, McClellan, at last accounts, was expected to arrive at New York, soon from his European tour. 259 Tubing Oil Wells. Many oil wells, both in the Atlantic States ond in California, are injuredif not ruined by {bad mnnagement in tubing, ‘The tubing is ; sometimes made of too thin iron, iu consequence of whieh n very sli lt inecuality or roughness of the walls of the well break and render it useless, At the Eust it nppears that one of tho most fatal errors eongists in placing the seed tag too low, with the view of eutting off and excluding the surfaco water. We are not aware that the seed hag has yet beeu employed in this State, for the reason that our well borers are uot seriously troubled with water ; still it maybe well to keep constantly before us the expericnee of oil men on the other side of the continent, that we mny profit thereby. With this view we clip tho following from the Oil City Register : When the process of prmping no well, thus tubed with the seed hag placed too low, eommences, the water ia soon cxhousted; then comes atnsh of oil to the bottom of the working barrel. ‘Ibis creates an unusual quantity of gas, which hos a tendeney to hold up the yalvea, increases the speed of the engine, wears oat the pump, and endangers the sncker rods, It is our impression that this would he avoided by placing the seed bag atfrom 100 to 130 Tect Trom the surface ol the well; if placed in such a monner,it would exclude a great majority of the fresh water, leaving some sniall veins to mix with the oil, wbich would constuntly feed the pumps, and have a tendency to create a constant flow of oil and water. In anch a ease the engincs would work more steadily, and with far greater ease, and there would be far less strain on the walking heam and sucker rods. : Tne length of tubing ina well should be governed by the locality of the largest o11 veins, for it is necessary to form tbe greutest strength of vacauin at sucha pointinno well, soas to suck the oil and paraffine out of tbe seams or crevices in the sand rock. It is, undoubtedly, a commion error of tubing too low, where there is n poor engine and a small power. These hints are thrown out as the result of practical experienee and_ facts, in the bope that some one may be benefited Ly them. Austratian Gros.—An exhibition of colonial gems recently camo off in Melbourne, Australia, eonsisting of diamonds from tbe Owens River, near Beechworth, rubies, opals, garnets, saphires, amethysts, &e., cut and in the rough, from various parts of the colony, were on view, aud excited much interest among miners and others. It is thought by the eolonial papers that mmny thousands of precious stones have been thrown away among the “tailings” of wash-dirt and crushed stuff by reason of mining eyes not yet having become hahituated to recoenizing one stone from another in its natuFal state: Tutare Vater is rapidly filling up with settlers. ‘Ihe discovery and development of the rich mines in the castern portion of the coucty, and a kuowledge of the fact that the oi] regions of the western portion must soon begin to attract capitalists thither also, is giving a prospective value to the rich farming lands in the interior, which settlers are beginning to avail themselves of to a large extent. It is said that thirty familes settled iu the valley during the month of September.A Monsrer Luxon.—It is thought that California, true to her invariable principle of besing ahead in everything, has now produced what is probable the largest lemon ever grown. ‘The last. steamer brought up from Los Angclcs a lemon which measures 1814 inches in circumlerence one way, and 13 inches the other, and is sound and perfect. California still against the world! ——_ Mors Hor Water.—Tho Virginia Exterprise says thata stream of hot water was struck a few days since in the new Chollar Potosi shaft, at the depth of about 400 feet. The stream was about the size of a man’s finger, and was almost scalding hot. After running some five hours it ceased to flow, and has been dried np ever since. Itis supposed that the water came Irom some pocket or crevice in the rock which was lined with iron pyrites in a state of decomposition,

end having a refinery ond assay office attached, will stainp their awn bullion and guarentee ita correctness. Mr. Harker has purchased the best huilding in the place for the bank office, which is sitnated in the mast central postion of the town. The office fixtures and bank-vault are now heing placed in position, anil their assay office jest finished, and ere this enmes belore your readers the institution will be fully under way, Whe oatlxy for bank office, building vanits, safe, ete., is $20,000. The eastern owners of the bauk capital have also invested largely in the mines of this district. ‘They are represented hero by Major C. B. Raymond, a gentleman of munch experienec in mines and inining operations generally, bofidea being a most thorough business man, these qualifications amply fitting him for the very onerons duties which will devolve xpon hint. This mining corporation is known hy the name of the “ United Reese River Mining Company " of Boston. The company own in gome twenty-four diferent ledges, in many of which they hold controlling interests, while others they own altugether, Among their numerona mines ure those of the Whitluch Union, Camargo, Diana, Buel North Star, Black Ledee, Honest Miner, Nevada, Yankee Blnde, and others too unmerous to mention hews, Since commencing operations on the Whitlatch Union, rich pay ore lus been struck, and the true vein discovered, which for some time back hud been at lault. Good pay ore is also being takcu out Irom the Wonest Miner, and the Diana is yielding a splendid supply of very superior ore, which the company are now working in the Eureka mill,at Big Creek, they Iuving leased that mill trom D. A. Buel. They intend tn prospect all their claims by this will, when, if results obtained justify, they will build a more extensive one. ‘This I consider a very wise and jadicions course, and shows at once the caution, sagacity, nud prudence of Mujor Raymond, in first properly developing his mines and proving their merits before erecting reduction works at immenso expense, which afterwards may be found unealled tor. his mistake, I fear, is being made here by a few, who are investing most liberally in mill buildings, without spending a cent so far towards the development of their mines. The U, R. R. Mining company was organized in Boston at the instance of Mr. J.W. Harker, who having gone Hust with the mining property already mentioned, soon found capitalists to invest as well in the mines as to open a bank of accommodation, as already described. Yo Mr. Harker is certainly due the credit of having the attentiou of men of means drawn to the due development of these valuable niines, a3 also of having banking accommodatious on liberul terug established in this place. OUTSINE DISTRICTS. Several outside districts are attracting consideruhle attention here at the present time. Ioremost amongst them are those of ‘Twin River, Silver Peak, Volcano, and San Antoine. The ‘Ywin River district is distant from Austin 55 miles, in Nye county, where is situated the far-fimed Murphy " ledge. This ledge is considered one of the richest iu the State, being at different points at a varyiug thickness of from 25 to 30 feet. and 1,000 Teet in location. The ore from different depths assay from average samples from $250 to $730 per ton—the first working by mill process yielding $80 per ton. A lot of 70 tons, worked at the Butte mill, near Austin, returned $184 per ton. ‘this mine was located by Mr. G. H. Willard, in July, 1863, when he associated with himseif four others. ‘lhe company fot having snfficient ready cash to put up reduction works, sold four-fifths of their interest for the sum of $50,000, gold coin, retaining one-fifth of tie entire capital stock of the company unassessable, and binding tie purchasers to set nside $300,000 of a pnid-up working Capital, to ercct hoisting, pumping, and milling machinery, build roads, etc., ete. ‘I'he purchaser of the mine is Mr. R. B. Canfield, who bought in the interest of his father, A. W. Canfield, of New York. This company have excellent privileges of wood and water, and any nmount of salt in their immediate vicinity. ‘I'ncir mill site is go situnted that their ore cars can be run from tlicir nine into the mill. ‘Vhey are enguged in building a road from the mine to connect with the “Smoky Valley" road to Austin. Mr. R. B Canfield is now in San Francisco, forwarding inine and mill inachinery to their mine. The mill is to have 20 stamps of 900 pounds each. It is computed that with a mill of such capacity they can reduce 15 tons per day, settiug the ore at $163 perton,and allowing $33 Per ton to cover all costs. leaviug a net profit to the coinpany of nearly 32,000 per day. ‘The Mining superintendent of the company is Capt. G. W. Shears, an old “ Lake Superior” copper miner, and a man of very fine general knowledge of under-ground mining. Another of the noted ledges of this distriet is the “ MeDonald,” owned by 5. 1. Wilkird (of the Murphy utine), L. Hl. Newton, and Harry Mills, this bemg the firat extension sonth of the * Murphy.” ‘This company are going down on their ledge by a shalt distant from the ineline of the + Murphy” only 40 fect. and showing equally as Ine ore. 1. Willord, the fortunate and enterprising diseoverer of the Murphy ledge, and by whom tho ‘win River district was formed. ‘This gentleman is one of thuse worthy and energetic pioneers, who is vow reaping o rich reward lor the years of nrduous toil spent in hope and expectaney, while patiently but persevering searching for nature's hidden treasure. the (win River district, sach us tho Central American, Savnge, Goleonda, Arizona, Greut astern, Mozart, Chnmblin, and Harmon, all of which ure beiug thoroughly developed. TNE SILVER LAKE DISTRICT Is now foremost nmongst the miues of attractton of this State. And as my notes of this important mining district ure too lengthy for my present article, 1 will defer a notice of it to your next issne of the Press. Some very heavy sates of mining property having taken place, and others to my certain knowledge now being negotiated, T deem it of snfficient importance to devote my next communication entirely to that district. VOLCANO DISTRICT Is now notorious from the lact of some mines of cinnibar being discovered there. ‘The first notice, or rather discovery of thia mineral, was tuade by a man named M. Ensign, and wus at the time thought but little of; but subsequently Mr. Ensign and Mr. John Frost, of tho Oregon company, at Austin, having poid some attention to baving it more thoraughly tested. and having proved it to be valuable, had the mine properly located, a district formed, and secured to themselves and a few friends what certainly must be, in snch a eountry as this,a mint of wealth tothe fortunate discoverers. Mr. Ensign, with a force of men, has been sinking a shaft npon the mine. He orrived here, a Tew days since, with a sack of the ore from a depth of 120 leet, which he left with the writer lor assay. Several tests have been mnde, cyery ono of which has shown quicksilver. He has now returned to the mine to attend to its further development. Your readers may expect to hear more of this valuabie discovery as soon as its value per ton and its extent and character is fully ascertaiued. J.R.M Electrical Queries. Messrs. prrors:—I always read the Miniwe AnD Scientiric Press when it comes within my reach,and last evening I perused an article on “The Relation of Electricity to Matter,” and through you, and with your permissiou, I would ask your correspondent a question for information. Jn the first place I understood bim to say that electricity is not an entity, but a condition, If that is the case, how is it that it passes so readily through what we call a vacuum? Ju the secord placc,] understand him ‘to menn that the capacity of a body for electricity is, like heat, in proportion to its inteusity. Tonce read ina scientific work that water probably excclled every other known hody in its capacity for heat, and yet it is not tbe densest known body. Have I misunderstood either or both ? My head was never very clear about occan telegraphy ; but the idea of a current losing, or being lost, on its way back, upsets ny whole train of thinking. I once read a description of an experiment that weut a great way,in my estimation, to show that a current was longest in reaching the middle of a conducting wire, and that at two points, equidistant from each pole of a battery, the current was simultaaeous. Said experiment, and several other matters, induce nie, when I say current, to mean the coercion of the electricity in the circuit toa . polar condition. ‘This being my idea of a cur. rent, I would feel obliged il your correspond. ent would show me where IL was wrong, or . explain the seeming discord. ;

I wonld also ask upon what train of reasoning he infers tbat the inductive effects of terrestrial currents would be less on an insulated . wire thau they would be on the whole world as . a conductor, Arruur CoorEr. Grass Valley, Oct. 18, 1865. Gorp 1x TrHk Co.ompia River.—It is said that several very fine gold prospects have been . found on aome of the bars in the Columbia river, One man is reported to have recently . taken out $500 ina short time froma bar on . that river. The’ mine is nnder the saperintendence of Mr. G. . There are several other very fine ledges in . «The Blining and Scicntifir Press, ' tseftl Anformation. Tur Cotossvs or Rnones.—Next to the Egyptian U'yramids, the Colossns of Rhedes has been considered the chief among the seven ancient wanders of the world. It is repmted to lve stood astride of tho varrow entrance to the harbor of the city of Rhodes ; its hight being 105 fect, so thot any vessel of those days eould pass betweeu its great legs. It was the workininship of Chores, who was employed twenty-one yeors in its eonstruetion. llistory telis us it wus thrown dowu fifty yeurs after it was fished, by a terrible earthquake —which ocerrred 3. C. 800, Of late years many learned nicn have come to tbe conclusion that very crude ideas, and inueh fabulous exaugeration has existed with regard to it. Dr. C. J*. Luders, Professor at the Johanneum lat Hamburg, has just published a critical historical treatiso on this structure. According to his researclies it is reduced to nothing more than a colossul statue, standing on terra jirma like the Bavaria at Mnnich, but near the larhor, and not ueross itsmouth. He insists upon it that its stauding open legged across the mouth of the harbor, and being used as alighthonse, isa pure invention, and an euianation of fancy from later writers. Pir Hore.—This now famous oil locality at the East, derives its nume from an immense pit or ernter on tho top of a mountain near hy the base of which the wells have heen suuk» which have recently produced such cxtraordinary returns. ‘This pit has the repntation of being of great depth, but has never been explored, owing to the noxions vapor and gases constantly arising from it. It is about twenty feet diameter at the mouth, anda fowl suspended in it will not livea minute, and in fiftecn minutes will become putrid. ‘The first well sunk in this neighborhood is a short distance from the base of the hill, and was bored to the depth of 700 feet. Erapication or Stumps.— Where it is necessary o remove large stumps under circumnstances which render it impracticabie to rvaoil one's self of the assistance of a‘*stump machine,” the work may be successfully necomplished by bnrning. ‘his is done by digging under them, filliug the cavity with combustible materigls, and covering the stump, after firing the materials, with turt, in the same manner that coal-kilns are eovered. ‘The fire will in a short time cffect the entire destruction of the stumps—even the loug latcral roots, unless the soilis very humid, in which case the hurning should be undertaken during the dry weather of summer. If the dirt is excavated a few weeks before the burnirg is undertaken the operation will he more speedtly effected. The ashes produced by the combustion will afford an excellent stimulus for the soil, and should be carefully supplied as soun as the operatior is completed. But in all cases where eradication by pulling is practicable, the stump macbine should be used.— Germantown Telegraph. Bauinc Green Hay.—lxperiments have been made in packing greeu hay with entire success. The dew or rain is dried off, leaving the stalk still green, but wilted. The hay is then pressed in bales and-stored away. It will come out in winter almost a3 fresh as it went in, losing comparatively but little in weight. Ofcourse, this is an improvement upon the old method, as the juices of the grass are retained. Wegive the above on the nuthority of the Massachusetts Ploughman, pretty good nuthority generally; but it strikes us, in this instance, as a little doubttul. A Frexeu photographer has made arrangements for descending to the bed of the oceau in asubmarine vessel, provided with electric light, and inaking submarine photographs. “Moon on tur Lake,” is the curious name given to the latest Tavorite color for ladies’ dresses at the Kast. A newstyle of veil is also coming into use in New York. It is long and narrow, drawn ond fastened to one side of the bonnet, the side of the veil being tbrown gracefully over the-front; it bas a very fine effect. Gen. Grant, it is reported, will soon visit Europe, where he will remain. Gen, McClellan, at last accounts, was expected to arrive at New York, soon from his European tour. 259 Tubing Oil Wells. Many oil wells, both in the Atlantic States ond in California, are injuredif not ruined by {bad mnnagement in tubing, ‘The tubing is ; sometimes made of too thin iron, iu consequence of whieh n very sli lt inecuality or roughness of the walls of the well break and render it useless, At the Eust it nppears that one of tho most fatal errors eongists in placing the seed tag too low, with the view of eutting off and excluding the surfaco water. We are not aware that the seed hag has yet beeu employed in this State, for the reason that our well borers are uot seriously troubled with water ; still it maybe well to keep constantly before us the expericnee of oil men on the other side of the continent, that we mny profit thereby. With this view we clip tho following from the Oil City Register : When the process of prmping no well, thus tubed with the seed hag placed too low, eommences, the water ia soon cxhousted; then comes atnsh of oil to the bottom of the working barrel. ‘Ibis creates an unusual quantity of gas, which hos a tendeney to hold up the yalvea, increases the speed of the engine, wears oat the pump, and endangers the sncker rods, It is our impression that this would he avoided by placing the seed bag atfrom 100 to 130 Tect Trom the surface ol the well; if placed in such a monner,it would exclude a great majority of the fresh water, leaving some sniall veins to mix with the oil, wbich would constuntly feed the pumps, and have a tendency to create a constant flow of oil and water. In anch a ease the engincs would work more steadily, and with far greater ease, and there would be far less strain on the walking heam and sucker rods. : Tne length of tubing ina well should be governed by the locality of the largest o11 veins, for it is necessary to form tbe greutest strength of vacauin at sucha pointinno well, soas to suck the oil and paraffine out of tbe seams or crevices in the sand rock. It is, undoubtedly, a commion error of tubing too low, where there is n poor engine and a small power. These hints are thrown out as the result of practical experienee and_ facts, in the bope that some one may be benefited Ly them. Austratian Gros.—An exhibition of colonial gems recently camo off in Melbourne, Australia, eonsisting of diamonds from tbe Owens River, near Beechworth, rubies, opals, garnets, saphires, amethysts, &e., cut and in the rough, from various parts of the colony, were on view, aud excited much interest among miners and others. It is thought by the eolonial papers that mmny thousands of precious stones have been thrown away among the “tailings” of wash-dirt and crushed stuff by reason of mining eyes not yet having become hahituated to recoenizing one stone from another in its natuFal state: Tutare Vater is rapidly filling up with settlers. ‘Ihe discovery and development of the rich mines in the castern portion of the coucty, and a kuowledge of the fact that the oi] regions of the western portion must soon begin to attract capitalists thither also, is giving a prospective value to the rich farming lands in the interior, which settlers are beginning to avail themselves of to a large extent. It is said that thirty familes settled iu the valley during the month of September.A Monsrer Luxon.—It is thought that California, true to her invariable principle of besing ahead in everything, has now produced what is probable the largest lemon ever grown. ‘The last. steamer brought up from Los Angclcs a lemon which measures 1814 inches in circumlerence one way, and 13 inches the other, and is sound and perfect. California still against the world! ——_ Mors Hor Water.—Tho Virginia Exterprise says thata stream of hot water was struck a few days since in the new Chollar Potosi shaft, at the depth of about 400 feet. The stream was about the size of a man’s finger, and was almost scalding hot. After running some five hours it ceased to flow, and has been dried np ever since. Itis supposed that the water came Irom some pocket or crevice in the rock which was lined with iron pyrites in a state of decomposition,