Volume 11 (1865) (424 pages)

advantage in tho future, aud “honest miners” The Rlining and Scientific Press. 86 Connunications, (Written for the Mining and Scleniifio Press.) Mining at Reese River —The Mills about Austin, and their Management. Messrs. Epirors :—The mills in operatien at present, ore the Muahattan (late Oregon), Midas, California, Butte, Hildreth, uud Buell’s ; all running on custoin rock, with tho exception of the Mauhattan. The mills idfe, aro the Weire, Eagle, Union, Clilton, and the Pioncer. All of these luye recently changed hands, and oro now undergoing repairs and ulterations, which will greatly increase their eflicicuey and enpaeity fer the reduetion of ores. THE MILLS BUILDING Are the Koystone, Confidenee, an addition of twenty stamps and amolgumutors in preparation te tle presont Manhattan mill, the Big Creek or Proscott mill, und another not yet named, the mathinery of which arrived here last week, nnder the charge of Mr. Thurston, agent of New York capitalists. As my present lotter is intended more to dwell on the imines and their management, f will defer a description of the milla to my next; but will say here, that it wonld dispel mueh of the mist from off the eyes ef some of the “incredulous eroakers” against the Recse River mines, were they bero ta witness tho proparations and outlay that aro bog mado to devolop the mines of this place. When we find 16-stamp mills in active operation, five nthers inereasing their eupaeity from ten to twenty stamps each, and five others huilding, of twenty to forty stamps each, all within one district, we must begin to think that thero ig something in tho district that justifies this outlay. TUE LEDGES TURNING OUT PAY ORE May ho counted hy hundreds; hut the principal oaes are in Upner Austin. Those of the Manhattan cempany, namely: the Oregon, North Star, and Southern Light; the Savage, North River, Diana, Morgan. & Muacey, and (ireat Hastern; on Lander Hill, the Hooker, Seottish Chief, and Providentiul ; at Yankee Blade, the Confidenee, Whitlatch, Maggie, and the Midas. Now, as already stated, there are hundreds as good mines as these all over this district,and many that have proved themselves even better tlan those mentioned, but which are lying idle and undeveloped. Somo of them are so because they have proved to be good, and of course they must be “ spieed” with an application of Montgomery street, “shenanigan,”’ or “freeze-out” game. ‘The poor fellows who discovered them, und were fools enough to allow the controlling interest to pass from their hands, have no business to own rich mines! Oh, no, they must he got rid of. Mr. Secretary ealls a meeting of trustees; they meet, the pleasing aanouncement of mine being rich is mado. Whatis te he done? Pursue tho usual eourse of San Franeisco justice to the honest miner, of conrse, and levy an uncalled-for and exorbitant assessment. The Shylocks arrange with Mr. Seeretary that their portion will he fortheoming(?) in due time. ‘The poor miuer’s stock is seen in delinquent list ; he hussels round to make the riffle, finds he eau’t “come to time,” and is almost erazy at seeing such a sacrifice about being made, of what he stupidly considered was his “ pile.” He demands an explanation as to why sueh an enormous assessmeut should he levied, in view of the fact of plenty of rieh ore being right in view, and the laet that several tons eould be taken out daily, hauled to one of the many mills in the vieinity, and in quick time be eoaverted into hullion. Mr. Secretary replies : “Tt has been ordered by the trustees.” And here the matter ends, as the auctioneer’s hammer drops for the “ third and last time,” knoeking down the poor miner's stock to one of the Shyloeks, or their friends, and his hopes into a “coeked-hat,” aad sending himself “ kiting” Ones more up tho mountain’s side, with Heavy heart and pockets light, 4nd a sage-brush for his couch at night— Onee more to make a,‘ strike ;” to dig and delve in its development, preparatory to his running the “ ganntlet” again of tho gentlomanly elass(?) of the “stand and deliver” order. That this picture is but too true, and that it has done most serious iajury to the ad-_ vaneement of this, as well as many of the sur-7 rounding distriets, is too patent to all. However, the experienee of the past may he of iuust console themselves with the recolleetion, that if they have not had profit, they have at least had insight. J.R.M. Austin, Aug. 5, 1865. {To be continued.} A Bartisu by Eveerrierry.—Doring a drill of tho cadets at West Point, a shiurt timo sinee, the battalion had an eletrical haptsim. A eadet eomimuuientes to the Hartford Ztrnes the following necount of the singular oceurrenee : The wentlicr looked very mueli like a thunder shower, still net a drop of rain fett on the Point; we hud just countermarched in coluinn and the battalion was at n support nrms —whieli yon kaow, is with the gun resting an tho hammer on the left arm, the muzzle pointivg somo distance abovo tho body. 1 happoned to bo looking npat the time, and saw a large, dense, bluek eloud hovering everhead, whon suddenly there was a very vivid flash and a loud report at the same time, the report resembling that ol a shell exploding, having hone ef tbat rambling peculiur to distant thauder, My first impresion was, as I knew they were firing across the river, that one of the guns hud burst and the shell had taken a crooked path, as it often does nnder such cirenmstauces, and hnd burst overhead. 1 involuntarily dueked my head for fulting pieees. ‘This all pnssed throagh my mind on tho iastaut, and you know low quickly one thinks under sueh cireumstances. Of course, when I saw the gons flyiae ont of the men’s hands, and felt a numbuess in my arms, I knew what was up, or rather what had come down. Qnite a namber of men wero stunned so that they went reeling aronnd Jor some minntes, and one man (a yearling) was knoeked sensoless, I thonght ut first ho was a“ goner,” but, they took him out on the plain, poured water on him, rubbed hii, &¢., and he came to in nbout filteen minutes, when they took him to the hospital. Next day he was all right, except a little weak. Col. Black was also struck, knocking his horse dbwn on his knees, and frightening the “animile” somewhat. J suppose the reason the eloud diseharged itself was that it was quite low down, and was strongly attracted by tle conducting snrface of ahout two hundred bright gua-barrels, all poiatiug verticully upwards. Had it been only asmall body of men, say guard-mounting for instanee, I suppose it would havo heen more destructive. Asit was, it seemed to have diffused itsell' over tbe whole eorps, as alinost every one in the battalion felt it more or less, aad iu every compauy a dozen or more guns were knoeked out of the hands of the owners. On tho whole I think it was a pretty good little electric experimeut, though Tshouldn’t eare about trying it over again. Wr. THERE BE Winters in Heravrx ?— Without snffering and pain, we shall become aeclimated in the new world to which our lifeboat is fast nearing; the hours will pass away withont a Winter, [think. Nothing so earthy will havea part in the spiritual life. We shall find an unehanging clime, where ehilled forms never shiverin the cold and sleet, nor sad hearts freeze with iahumanity and contnmely! No hungry beggar for bread or love will he found iu the circles of Tleaven; no friendless and forsaken being will wander alone in the erowd of the new life. The mornings will not be ushered in with gloomy skies, piereing winds, and damp mists; nor the evening ereep toward us with eold fingers and wet eyelids. If there are dawnings and twilight hours, they will he radiant with pearly hues and soltened lights peculiar to the spirit land, so’ beautiful, so rare, so delicate, human conception eannot picture it. The Winters will leave us as we pass ont of the Autumn of this life to the eternal summer of the next ;and whatever the elime of Heaven, we are coufident it will he without chill, eold, gloom and death. No Winters in Heaven. Tre Iyremrerate Soi.piEr.— We would not cast a single shadow over the warm greetings whieh our returning soldiers deserve from their countrymen. Cold must be the heart that will not grow warm at the sight of those hronzed veterans ; nnworthy the hand that will not do good to them. But one way to do them good ig to recover any who may have falleu, through the temptations of army life, That reeling soldier, who went forth pure and innocent from his father’s house, is no eommon drunkard. You whe then said to him, “Goand God be with you,” must not now “pass hy on the other side,” and say, “Oh, he is some drunken soldier !’ Rememher the wild excitement of hattle ; remember tbe “ whiskyrations”; remember what you might have been; remember a eountry saved. If he staggers up to your door, it is your eountry pleading through him for effieient action in the cause of temperance. Powurrin.—Some important diseoveries have heen lately made at Pompeii. Among others ig a sun-dial, with numerous Greek iuscriptions. A very valuable and rare cameo has also heen fonnd hy a child, and placed in the collection of the Museum at Naples. ho Fier Tle first printers were ‘Vitaas, and they performed a ‘Titanic work. ‘they were not merely skilful mechanies, or plodding nrtisaus + they were, indeed, wlint the exigeneies of tbeir tusk required thei to bo, scholars, patriots, philauthropists, the first of their uge. ‘ley were mou ol lurge intelligenee, with a right coueeption of the new power which printing lad introdneed into the world, aud a clear consetousuoss that they were Inhoriug for the itmmination nnd intprovemeut of the speeies. And they caught the inspiration of their lofty mission, ‘they uddressed themselves to their work with the hearts of heroes, and the spirit ol murtyrs. ‘Tbeir dilliculties wero enoruious. Tho early printer lad often himself to prepure tho work he wns to pritit, cither of translation or by original nuthorship. He had to make his own printing press, to lound bis own types, ond manufxeture his own ink. Ile was compositor and pressmun, and correetor of the Press. Jie lad to bind his owu book. Ife was his own editor, publisher, and bookseller. The outlay of money was necessarily great. Some embarked a small fortune iu the enterprise, aud were ruined. Ono, alter laying out a lurgo sum on apparatns and niaterials, and spending ycurs ot his tusk, died broken-hearted, prohably, before he had finished the printing ol one bouk, wheu his materials and unfinished work were sold fora trifle. ‘wo German printers, who carried their presses to Rome, eomplained iu a supplication addressed to tbe Pope, that at vast cost and labor they had printed twelve thousand volumes, but fur want of buyers they were no longer able to bear the expense of housekoeping ; their dwelling was full of printed books, but destitute of every neeessity and comturt. Others eucountered the aetive opposition of maligaant despotism, and suffered death for their heroic efforts iu tbe eause of buuan enlighteument. It was such struggles, sacrifiees, and sulferings, that the Press eouquered for itself, and so, for knowledge and for truth, a world-wide empire. These carly printers were a noble race, and deserve to he held iu veneratioa as among the first benefactors of maakiud. Tae Wornina Wortp.—Work, of the muscles or the hrain, is one of the conditions of human happiness. Without it there ean beno wholesome enjoyment. 'I’he idle man seeks a substitute for the healthy excitement of labor in vicious iudulgenee, or degenerates into a being only a few degrees ahove the lower animal. His soul and mind, in the one ease, becoine degraded and debased hy false uses; ia the ‘other, they rust with him, aud he is left to the goverument of the mere instincts which he possesses with the hrute. The truest life—that most aecordant with our nature—-is one in which physieal as well as mental labor are judiciously mingled, alternating with sueh reaction as tends to refresh aud renovate both. Neither coustant toil nor ineessant toilis advisablo. When both head aud hand are weary try a little amusement— hght veading of a wholesome kind, a romp with your children, if you have any, a social evening with your neighbor—anything iu fact, that, may properly be warranted to wear well, and it will uot be clouded with fits of the blues. He who lives it, will be younger in feeling at fifty than the fast man, whose career has been 2 gallop after excitement, at thirty-five, Hf yon belong to the working world, and eat your bread in the sweat of your brow, do not fancy, therefore, that you have no opportunity to enrich your mind. Labor, thank heaven, is not so ill paid in this eountry that the toiler cannot afford to throw down his tools now and then and eultivato his intellect. ‘I'wo-thirds, at least, of our distiuguished men have heou farm lahorers or handierafts-men. Very few of them were “eollege hred.” Our eoimon schools impart all the iustruetion neeessary to enahle their pupils, iu after life, to edacate themselves thoronghly in the highest branches of knowledge which the human mind is capable of mastering. Moreover, let it never he forgotten that our greatest statesmen, diseoverers, inventors, seholars, and artists, have the Silk Stocking elasses. Our Porrtcan Srarus—There are now thirty-six States, of which only eleven (less than one-third), were in rebellion, aud thus, the States that remained loyal have a majority of twenty-eight in the Senate. In the Lower House, the loyal States have 181 ont of 242 Congressmen—a majority of 120 over the late rebel States. The preponderance of the loyal elemeut appears to be sufficient to secure us against any return to the old subjeetion. The ‘domination of the South grew up while the slave-aristoeraey were in power and united, and while they had balf of the Senate and nearly half of the House—a condition of affairs that cannot return again. . sprung from the ranks of Labor, and not from. Cneceise Pensprration.—Edward Everett, the finished scholar, the aceomplished diploimatist, the orator, tle stotesiunn, the patriot, beeaine ovor-hented in testifying in a eourt room, en Monday morning went te Faneuil Hall, which was cold, sat ina draft of air until his turn cnme to speak; “bnt my hands and feet were iec, my lungs on fire. In this eondition, I had to go and spond three honrs in the eourt room.” {te died in lees tlinn a week from the checking of the perspiration, It was enough to kill any ian. Professor Mitchell, the gallant seldier, and the most eloquent astronomieal lectnrer that has evor lived, whilo iu a state ef perspiration in yellow fever, the “certain sigu of recovery, lelt his bed, went into another room, became chilled in a moment, nud died the same night. I! while perspiring, or while something warmer than usual, from exercise or a heated room, there is a sudden exposure to a still, cold air, or to a raw, domp atinosphere, or to a dralt, whether in an open window or door, or street coruer, an inevitable result is a violeut aud iustantaneons closing ol the pores of the skin, by whieh waste aud impure matters, which were making their way out of the system, are eonipelled to seek an exit through some other chounel, and break through some weaker part, uot the natural one, aid harm to that purt is the resnlt. ‘The idea is presented by saying that the cold is settled in tbat part. ‘To itlustrate : A lady was about getting in a small boat to cross the lelaware ; but wishing first to get an orange at a fruit stand, sho ran up tho hank of tle river, aud on her return to the boat found herset! much heated, for it was summer ; but there wus a little wind on the water, and the clothing soon felt cold to her. The next norning she had a severe cold, whieh settled on her lungs, and withiu the year she died ef consumption. A stout, strong mau was working in a gardeu, in May. Heeling a httle tired ahout noon, he sat dowu in tho shade of the house aad fell asleep. Ife awokechilly. Inflammatiou of the Ings followed, ending after two years of great snffering, in consumption. On opening his ehest, there was such au extensive decay that the yellow matter was seooped out by tho cupful. Multitudes of womeu lose health and life every year in one ol’ two ways: by busying themselves iu a warm kitehen untd weary, and tben throwing themselves on a bed or sola without covering, and perhaps in a room without fire; or by removing the outer elothing, and perhaps changing the dress for a more common One, as soon as they enter the honse after a walk er a shopping. The rule should be invariable to go out at onco to a warm room and keep ou alt the elothiug at least lor five or teu minutes, until the forehead is perfectly dry. Jn all weathers, if yon have to walk or ride on any oecasion, do thé riding rst. How riz Lanes arg “ Presexren” to VictortA,—the etiquette observed on a lady heing presented ut tbe British Queen's drawing room is as follows: On getting out of the carriage, everything in the shape of a cloak,. or sem't, even of luce, must be lett hehind ; the train Tolded carefully over the left arm, and the wearer enters the.long gallery at St. James, where she waits until her turn comes for preseutation ; she then proceeds to the Supreme Chamber, whieh is entered by two doors; she goes iu by that indicated to her, and on findlag herself in the Presenee Chamher, lets down her train, which is instantly spread out by the lords-in-waiting with their waads, sn that the lady easily walks forward to the Queen. ‘I'he eard on whieh the lady's name is inscribed is then handed to another ‘lord in waiting, who reads the name aloud to the Queen.’ When she arrives just before Her Majesty she courtseys very low, so low almost, hut not quite, to kneel before the Queen, who, if the lady presented he a peeress or a peer’s daughter, kisses her forebead; if merely a eoimouer, holds out her hands to he kissed hy the lady presented, who having done so, rises,and making auother eourtsey to any inember of the royal family present, passes on, keeping her faee toward the Queeu, and hacking out of the door appointed for those to go ont of the Presence Chamber. Reeext Quarrz Sates iv Amanor.—The Union Advocate, of Amador eouaty, says that Messrs. Tullock & Co. have sold their quartz ledge, near Voleano, to a Saeramento company, for $12,000. ‘She same eompany purchasedthe ledge of Fastmaa & Co., at Russell’s diggings, paying tberefor $10,000. Bids, at heavy figures, have also been made for some of the older established nines in that county, but the owners refuse to sell.

advantage in tho future, aud “honest miners” The Rlining and Scientific Press. 86 Connunications, (Written for the Mining and Scleniifio Press.) Mining at Reese River —The Mills about Austin, and their Management. Messrs. Epirors :—The mills in operatien at present, ore the Muahattan (late Oregon), Midas, California, Butte, Hildreth, uud Buell’s ; all running on custoin rock, with tho exception of the Mauhattan. The mills idfe, aro the Weire, Eagle, Union, Clilton, and the Pioncer. All of these luye recently changed hands, and oro now undergoing repairs and ulterations, which will greatly increase their eflicicuey and enpaeity fer the reduetion of ores. THE MILLS BUILDING Are the Koystone, Confidenee, an addition of twenty stamps and amolgumutors in preparation te tle presont Manhattan mill, the Big Creek or Proscott mill, und another not yet named, the mathinery of which arrived here last week, nnder the charge of Mr. Thurston, agent of New York capitalists. As my present lotter is intended more to dwell on the imines and their management, f will defer a description of the milla to my next; but will say here, that it wonld dispel mueh of the mist from off the eyes ef some of the “incredulous eroakers” against the Recse River mines, were they bero ta witness tho proparations and outlay that aro bog mado to devolop the mines of this place. When we find 16-stamp mills in active operation, five nthers inereasing their eupaeity from ten to twenty stamps each, and five others huilding, of twenty to forty stamps each, all within one district, we must begin to think that thero ig something in tho district that justifies this outlay. TUE LEDGES TURNING OUT PAY ORE May ho counted hy hundreds; hut the principal oaes are in Upner Austin. Those of the Manhattan cempany, namely: the Oregon, North Star, and Southern Light; the Savage, North River, Diana, Morgan. & Muacey, and (ireat Hastern; on Lander Hill, the Hooker, Seottish Chief, and Providentiul ; at Yankee Blade, the Confidenee, Whitlatch, Maggie, and the Midas. Now, as already stated, there are hundreds as good mines as these all over this district,and many that have proved themselves even better tlan those mentioned, but which are lying idle and undeveloped. Somo of them are so because they have proved to be good, and of course they must be “ spieed” with an application of Montgomery street, “shenanigan,”’ or “freeze-out” game. ‘The poor fellows who discovered them, und were fools enough to allow the controlling interest to pass from their hands, have no business to own rich mines! Oh, no, they must he got rid of. Mr. Secretary ealls a meeting of trustees; they meet, the pleasing aanouncement of mine being rich is mado. Whatis te he done? Pursue tho usual eourse of San Franeisco justice to the honest miner, of conrse, and levy an uncalled-for and exorbitant assessment. The Shylocks arrange with Mr. Seeretary that their portion will he fortheoming(?) in due time. ‘The poor miuer’s stock is seen in delinquent list ; he hussels round to make the riffle, finds he eau’t “come to time,” and is almost erazy at seeing such a sacrifice about being made, of what he stupidly considered was his “ pile.” He demands an explanation as to why sueh an enormous assessmeut should he levied, in view of the fact of plenty of rieh ore being right in view, and the laet that several tons eould be taken out daily, hauled to one of the many mills in the vieinity, and in quick time be eoaverted into hullion. Mr. Secretary replies : “Tt has been ordered by the trustees.” And here the matter ends, as the auctioneer’s hammer drops for the “ third and last time,” knoeking down the poor miner's stock to one of the Shyloeks, or their friends, and his hopes into a “coeked-hat,” aad sending himself “ kiting” Ones more up tho mountain’s side, with Heavy heart and pockets light, 4nd a sage-brush for his couch at night— Onee more to make a,‘ strike ;” to dig and delve in its development, preparatory to his running the “ ganntlet” again of tho gentlomanly elass(?) of the “stand and deliver” order. That this picture is but too true, and that it has done most serious iajury to the ad-_ vaneement of this, as well as many of the sur-7 rounding distriets, is too patent to all. However, the experienee of the past may he of iuust console themselves with the recolleetion, that if they have not had profit, they have at least had insight. J.R.M. Austin, Aug. 5, 1865. {To be continued.} A Bartisu by Eveerrierry.—Doring a drill of tho cadets at West Point, a shiurt timo sinee, the battalion had an eletrical haptsim. A eadet eomimuuientes to the Hartford Ztrnes the following necount of the singular oceurrenee : The wentlicr looked very mueli like a thunder shower, still net a drop of rain fett on the Point; we hud just countermarched in coluinn and the battalion was at n support nrms —whieli yon kaow, is with the gun resting an tho hammer on the left arm, the muzzle pointivg somo distance abovo tho body. 1 happoned to bo looking npat the time, and saw a large, dense, bluek eloud hovering everhead, whon suddenly there was a very vivid flash and a loud report at the same time, the report resembling that ol a shell exploding, having hone ef tbat rambling peculiur to distant thauder, My first impresion was, as I knew they were firing across the river, that one of the guns hud burst and the shell had taken a crooked path, as it often does nnder such cirenmstauces, and hnd burst overhead. 1 involuntarily dueked my head for fulting pieees. ‘This all pnssed throagh my mind on tho iastaut, and you know low quickly one thinks under sueh cireumstances. Of course, when I saw the gons flyiae ont of the men’s hands, and felt a numbuess in my arms, I knew what was up, or rather what had come down. Qnite a namber of men wero stunned so that they went reeling aronnd Jor some minntes, and one man (a yearling) was knoeked sensoless, I thonght ut first ho was a“ goner,” but, they took him out on the plain, poured water on him, rubbed hii, &¢., and he came to in nbout filteen minutes, when they took him to the hospital. Next day he was all right, except a little weak. Col. Black was also struck, knocking his horse dbwn on his knees, and frightening the “animile” somewhat. J suppose the reason the eloud diseharged itself was that it was quite low down, and was strongly attracted by tle conducting snrface of ahout two hundred bright gua-barrels, all poiatiug verticully upwards. Had it been only asmall body of men, say guard-mounting for instanee, I suppose it would havo heen more destructive. Asit was, it seemed to have diffused itsell' over tbe whole eorps, as alinost every one in the battalion felt it more or less, aad iu every compauy a dozen or more guns were knoeked out of the hands of the owners. On tho whole I think it was a pretty good little electric experimeut, though Tshouldn’t eare about trying it over again. Wr. THERE BE Winters in Heravrx ?— Without snffering and pain, we shall become aeclimated in the new world to which our lifeboat is fast nearing; the hours will pass away withont a Winter, [think. Nothing so earthy will havea part in the spiritual life. We shall find an unehanging clime, where ehilled forms never shiverin the cold and sleet, nor sad hearts freeze with iahumanity and contnmely! No hungry beggar for bread or love will he found iu the circles of Tleaven; no friendless and forsaken being will wander alone in the erowd of the new life. The mornings will not be ushered in with gloomy skies, piereing winds, and damp mists; nor the evening ereep toward us with eold fingers and wet eyelids. If there are dawnings and twilight hours, they will he radiant with pearly hues and soltened lights peculiar to the spirit land, so’ beautiful, so rare, so delicate, human conception eannot picture it. The Winters will leave us as we pass ont of the Autumn of this life to the eternal summer of the next ;and whatever the elime of Heaven, we are coufident it will he without chill, eold, gloom and death. No Winters in Heaven. Tre Iyremrerate Soi.piEr.— We would not cast a single shadow over the warm greetings whieh our returning soldiers deserve from their countrymen. Cold must be the heart that will not grow warm at the sight of those hronzed veterans ; nnworthy the hand that will not do good to them. But one way to do them good ig to recover any who may have falleu, through the temptations of army life, That reeling soldier, who went forth pure and innocent from his father’s house, is no eommon drunkard. You whe then said to him, “Goand God be with you,” must not now “pass hy on the other side,” and say, “Oh, he is some drunken soldier !’ Rememher the wild excitement of hattle ; remember tbe “ whiskyrations”; remember what you might have been; remember a eountry saved. If he staggers up to your door, it is your eountry pleading through him for effieient action in the cause of temperance. Powurrin.—Some important diseoveries have heen lately made at Pompeii. Among others ig a sun-dial, with numerous Greek iuscriptions. A very valuable and rare cameo has also heen

fonnd hy a child, and placed in the collection of the Museum at Naples. ho Fier Tle first printers were ‘Vitaas, and they performed a ‘Titanic work. ‘they were not merely skilful mechanies, or plodding nrtisaus + they were, indeed, wlint the exigeneies of tbeir tusk required thei to bo, scholars, patriots, philauthropists, the first of their uge. ‘ley were mou ol lurge intelligenee, with a right coueeption of the new power which printing lad introdneed into the world, aud a clear consetousuoss that they were Inhoriug for the itmmination nnd intprovemeut of the speeies. And they caught the inspiration of their lofty mission, ‘they uddressed themselves to their work with the hearts of heroes, and the spirit ol murtyrs. ‘Tbeir dilliculties wero enoruious. Tho early printer lad often himself to prepure tho work he wns to pritit, cither of translation or by original nuthorship. He had to make his own printing press, to lound bis own types, ond manufxeture his own ink. Ile was compositor and pressmun, and correetor of the Press. Jie lad to bind his owu book. Ife was his own editor, publisher, and bookseller. The outlay of money was necessarily great. Some embarked a small fortune iu the enterprise, aud were ruined. Ono, alter laying out a lurgo sum on apparatns and niaterials, and spending ycurs ot his tusk, died broken-hearted, prohably, before he had finished the printing ol one bouk, wheu his materials and unfinished work were sold fora trifle. ‘wo German printers, who carried their presses to Rome, eomplained iu a supplication addressed to tbe Pope, that at vast cost and labor they had printed twelve thousand volumes, but fur want of buyers they were no longer able to bear the expense of housekoeping ; their dwelling was full of printed books, but destitute of every neeessity and comturt. Others eucountered the aetive opposition of maligaant despotism, and suffered death for their heroic efforts iu tbe eause of buuan enlighteument. It was such struggles, sacrifiees, and sulferings, that the Press eouquered for itself, and so, for knowledge and for truth, a world-wide empire. These carly printers were a noble race, and deserve to he held iu veneratioa as among the first benefactors of maakiud. Tae Wornina Wortp.—Work, of the muscles or the hrain, is one of the conditions of human happiness. Without it there ean beno wholesome enjoyment. 'I’he idle man seeks a substitute for the healthy excitement of labor in vicious iudulgenee, or degenerates into a being only a few degrees ahove the lower animal. His soul and mind, in the one ease, becoine degraded and debased hy false uses; ia the ‘other, they rust with him, aud he is left to the goverument of the mere instincts which he possesses with the hrute. The truest life—that most aecordant with our nature—-is one in which physieal as well as mental labor are judiciously mingled, alternating with sueh reaction as tends to refresh aud renovate both. Neither coustant toil nor ineessant toilis advisablo. When both head aud hand are weary try a little amusement— hght veading of a wholesome kind, a romp with your children, if you have any, a social evening with your neighbor—anything iu fact, that, may properly be warranted to wear well, and it will uot be clouded with fits of the blues. He who lives it, will be younger in feeling at fifty than the fast man, whose career has been 2 gallop after excitement, at thirty-five, Hf yon belong to the working world, and eat your bread in the sweat of your brow, do not fancy, therefore, that you have no opportunity to enrich your mind. Labor, thank heaven, is not so ill paid in this eountry that the toiler cannot afford to throw down his tools now and then and eultivato his intellect. ‘I'wo-thirds, at least, of our distiuguished men have heou farm lahorers or handierafts-men. Very few of them were “eollege hred.” Our eoimon schools impart all the iustruetion neeessary to enahle their pupils, iu after life, to edacate themselves thoronghly in the highest branches of knowledge which the human mind is capable of mastering. Moreover, let it never he forgotten that our greatest statesmen, diseoverers, inventors, seholars, and artists, have the Silk Stocking elasses. Our Porrtcan Srarus—There are now thirty-six States, of which only eleven (less than one-third), were in rebellion, aud thus, the States that remained loyal have a majority of twenty-eight in the Senate. In the Lower House, the loyal States have 181 ont of 242 Congressmen—a majority of 120 over the late rebel States. The preponderance of the loyal elemeut appears to be sufficient to secure us against any return to the old subjeetion. The ‘domination of the South grew up while the slave-aristoeraey were in power and united, and while they had balf of the Senate and nearly half of the House—a condition of affairs that cannot return again. . sprung from the ranks of Labor, and not from. Cneceise Pensprration.—Edward Everett, the finished scholar, the aceomplished diploimatist, the orator, tle stotesiunn, the patriot, beeaine ovor-hented in testifying in a eourt room, en Monday morning went te Faneuil Hall, which was cold, sat ina draft of air until his turn cnme to speak; “bnt my hands and feet were iec, my lungs on fire. In this eondition, I had to go and spond three honrs in the eourt room.” {te died in lees tlinn a week from the checking of the perspiration, It was enough to kill any ian. Professor Mitchell, the gallant seldier, and the most eloquent astronomieal lectnrer that has evor lived, whilo iu a state ef perspiration in yellow fever, the “certain sigu of recovery, lelt his bed, went into another room, became chilled in a moment, nud died the same night. I! while perspiring, or while something warmer than usual, from exercise or a heated room, there is a sudden exposure to a still, cold air, or to a raw, domp atinosphere, or to a dralt, whether in an open window or door, or street coruer, an inevitable result is a violeut aud iustantaneons closing ol the pores of the skin, by whieh waste aud impure matters, which were making their way out of the system, are eonipelled to seek an exit through some other chounel, and break through some weaker part, uot the natural one, aid harm to that purt is the resnlt. ‘The idea is presented by saying that the cold is settled in tbat part. ‘To itlustrate : A lady was about getting in a small boat to cross the lelaware ; but wishing first to get an orange at a fruit stand, sho ran up tho hank of tle river, aud on her return to the boat found herset! much heated, for it was summer ; but there wus a little wind on the water, and the clothing soon felt cold to her. The next norning she had a severe cold, whieh settled on her lungs, and withiu the year she died ef consumption. A stout, strong mau was working in a gardeu, in May. Heeling a httle tired ahout noon, he sat dowu in tho shade of the house aad fell asleep. Ife awokechilly. Inflammatiou of the Ings followed, ending after two years of great snffering, in consumption. On opening his ehest, there was such au extensive decay that the yellow matter was seooped out by tho cupful. Multitudes of womeu lose health and life every year in one ol’ two ways: by busying themselves iu a warm kitehen untd weary, and tben throwing themselves on a bed or sola without covering, and perhaps in a room without fire; or by removing the outer elothing, and perhaps changing the dress for a more common One, as soon as they enter the honse after a walk er a shopping. The rule should be invariable to go out at onco to a warm room and keep ou alt the elothiug at least lor five or teu minutes, until the forehead is perfectly dry. Jn all weathers, if yon have to walk or ride on any oecasion, do thé riding rst. How riz Lanes arg “ Presexren” to VictortA,—the etiquette observed on a lady heing presented ut tbe British Queen's drawing room is as follows: On getting out of the carriage, everything in the shape of a cloak,. or sem't, even of luce, must be lett hehind ; the train Tolded carefully over the left arm, and the wearer enters the.long gallery at St. James, where she waits until her turn comes for preseutation ; she then proceeds to the Supreme Chamber, whieh is entered by two doors; she goes iu by that indicated to her, and on findlag herself in the Presenee Chamher, lets down her train, which is instantly spread out by the lords-in-waiting with their waads, sn that the lady easily walks forward to the Queen. ‘I'he eard on whieh the lady's name is inscribed is then handed to another ‘lord in waiting, who reads the name aloud to the Queen.’ When she arrives just before Her Majesty she courtseys very low, so low almost, hut not quite, to kneel before the Queen, who, if the lady presented he a peeress or a peer’s daughter, kisses her forebead; if merely a eoimouer, holds out her hands to he kissed hy the lady presented, who having done so, rises,and making auother eourtsey to any inember of the royal family present, passes on, keeping her faee toward the Queeu, and hacking out of the door appointed for those to go ont of the Presence Chamber. Reeext Quarrz Sates iv Amanor.—The Union Advocate, of Amador eouaty, says that Messrs. Tullock & Co. have sold their quartz ledge, near Voleano, to a Saeramento company, for $12,000. ‘She same eompany purchasedthe ledge of Fastmaa & Co., at Russell’s diggings, paying tberefor $10,000. Bids, at heavy figures, have also been made for some of the older established nines in that county, but the owners refuse to sell.