Volume 12 (1866) (428 pages)

able lor pew und gorgevas vtyles of architeeinre. Onr houses were to be translucent palices ol lapis, opal, and jazpur. Does not this sound as it we were ourselves rong dng, and yet in truth we are bat norreting a very mikt edition of the announcement. Be. sides this there wus w chlorine process, in which all furmer chemical experience was adroitly set at fanit. ‘Miese ure instances of propositions fur chemical processes, and they tend to show haw small a progress hus been hitherto mado in adapting the processes of the chemist to the extraction of gold on the grand scale. A few years cince a famons professor of the University of Tinll. pamed Semler, uaaounerd that lie hud discavered the grand secret. ‘he ey of Berlin indeeit foand in the retorts of tle chemist the presence of gold, but a few faye alter it wus discovered that his wife, 10 iter his muaia, had pnt yold leaf into his npiratus. Sonu years atter, a similur deception as pitacticed in Kngland. beveral titnes, in public, the transformation of Mercury into silver and into gold, by the addition of a little powder. ‘Vhe Roynl Society of Toadon, of which Dr. Price was one of the West distinguished members, bring tmpressed With the effect of these reported experiments, appointed nn investizating committee to verily the fact. Price then pretended that he hil uo nore poreder; but, being put to the wall, he gave to aia comedy a territile and unexpected Yenonement by poisoning himself with pruassic acit, Althongh thesn unsuccessful attempts ought to give toe last grace to alchemy, others came forward which seemed to confirm the possibility of the transmatntion of inetals. Ving Van Melmont relates that, in 1518, he received n qoarter of a grain of n substance by which fe converted eight ounces of mercury into pure gold. Ielvetius, physician to the Prince of Ornnge, cluimed to live obtnined the saine resnft; and the Coant de Reass transformed, in the presence of the Emperor Perdinond 111. two ponds and a-lalt of inereary inte fine gold by one giain of a red powder. With this gold a commemorative medal was struck, which conld be scen as lute as 1757, at the Treasury Department at Vienna. At the present time the“ secret art” and the resexrches of the middle ages arn held in less derision thaa formerly. Vhe phenomena of allotropism and isomerism sustain the opinions of Bacon. Verulam, Spinozn, Leihnitz, and Sir Wumplhrey Davy, who as the priests of Hermes, believed in the philosoyher's stone, and in the transmntation of metals. Many of our readers will be astonishel to learn that two of the most illustrious chemists ol the present day, M.M. Dumas and Bertbelot, eutertain the same opinion. A few wonths ago, Berthelot. in a lecture at the Colleve of Pranee, expressed himself aa lollows : “ The synthesis tends to the demonstration of this capital truth, that the chemical forces which govern organic [inorgaaic 7] motter are really, and without reserve, tbe same which zovern animal aatter.” M. Dumas gives, in his excellent Iessons on philosaphical chemistry, the folluwiug signifcant words: “Is it possible to adinit simple bodies to be isomeric? ‘This qnestion touches closely that of the transmatation of metals, Affirmatively answered it would imply chances of snevess in the search for the philosopher's stone. We must then consult experience, and experience, it must be conlessed. is not as yet opposed to the possibility of the transmutation of clearentary substances. Ou the contrary, it even argues against our repulsing this idea as one which is demoustrated by the present stote of onr knowledge to be an absurdity. The question of the traasmutation of metals has recently made a new advance, thanks to the learned researches of Dr. Henry Favre, and of M. Franz, the metullurgist. of Paris. The pussibility of translorming silver, copper, aad mercury into gold, announced by them, has strongly attracted the public attention. Nevertheless, in making their discovery public, the object vl the inventors hus been less to prove that they have succeeded in making gold, than to demonstrate the essential instability of elementary substances, the importance of which lact, iu the scientific world, is very great. All substances in aature owe their respective properties only to the fixation of forces, which have passed, for the time being, into a static condition, but which are always cupable of being called lortb into a state ol free activity. All these substances, then, according to M.M. Favre and Franz, should be regarded as produced by the operation of one and the saine common and original principle. It does not fullow, however, that the metals are composed ol stil simpler elementary bodies, which, by their intimate nnion, have hitherto escaped the means of analysis. They should rather be considered us simple in a chemical sease, but as composite-in a dynamico-static sense. ‘This Dlovks sn is principle once admitted, it was easy to deter-. inine the experiments that should be made, and Which have been inade accordingly. Among these we will Itete record but one—the third, It is sa straple, quickly performed, aud will, we Dr. Price exeented . think. be perfectly intelligible to our readers. A certain quantity of chlurhydrate of ammenin (sul ammuniue) is diszulved in ammunia. The sult should te well putverized “bis saiution is Gltered if itis tartad. Chioride of silver, still dump and perfectly white. is then added to itvand the duak is shaken. ‘The chloride of silver dissolves, nnd the liquor immediately becomes turbid. nssuming at tho same time a yellow color, Upva resting u while, a yellow } powder is Ueposited, which is collected with care, ‘I'lie followiaz aro the characteristics of . this powder :— ]. ‘Treated with aqua regin, it dissolves completely, and a new addition of anmonia re-pirecipitntes it, e 2. ltis not fnliminating. 3. It Tarnishes wohl by electrolysis, that is, ut the two poles of an element of Bunseu, [t will be seen that there is here prodneed a most remirkable Inet; that is, a transformation uid a separation simultaneously. ‘The ammonia is the solvent of the chloride of silver, und nt the sume time the reagent of the etal transformed by the chlorine. It results from the experiments of M M. Favre and Franz that the transformation of silver into vold takes plucu in two distinct stages or phases. ‘he tirst has for its object thy changn of condition of the silver, which dues nut yet, however, cunstitnte gold, ‘The second has for its olject und result the change of this new indeterminate body ato the delinite condition ol fine gol. Such n subjuct deserves, perhaps, to be treated more in detuil; but we shall return to it when M. M. Favre and franz shall have published their proeeedings relative to the transformation of copper and mercury into gold. ‘Ihe question is well worth the trouble. Important to Secretaries. The following Act (introduced by Seaator Roerxson) has been passed by both branches of the Legislutnre, nnd will take cffect inimediately upon the approval of the Executive : AN ACT CONCERNING ASSESSMENTS UPON THE STOCK OF COLPORATIONS. The People of the Stute of California, represented in Senate andi Assembly, do enact as follows ; Secnon 1. The Trustees of any corporation, formed under the geucral laws of this State, shall have power to levy and collect, for the purpose of paying the proper ond legal expenses of such corporation, assessments upon the capital stock thereof, in the mauner and form and to the extent hereinalter provided, and uot otherwise. Sse. 2. No one nssessment shall exceed five per cent, of the stated amount of the capital stock of the corporation, named in the articles of incorporation, and aone shall be levied while any portion of any previous assessment shall remain unpaid, or uncollected, except in cases where all tbe powers ol the corporation shall have been ex ercised in accordance with the terms ol this act, for the purpose of collecting such previous assessment, aud except, also, the collection of a previons assessment against one or more sfockholdies, restrained by injnnetion or otherwise ; in which case, Tarther as-essmeut may be levied aud collected accordiug to this act. Ske. 3. No assessment shall be levied except by order of the Buard ol Trustees, concurred in by a majority of said Board, and entered upon the reeords of the corporation. Sec. 4. Every order levying an assessment shall specify the amount tbereol and the time when the person or persons to whom aud the place or places where the same is payable. It shall also appoint a day subsequent to the full term ol publication of the assessment notice on which the stock upou which assessments remain unpaid shall be deemed delinquent, whicb said day shall not be less than thirty, nor more thun sixty days, from the time of the inaking of the said order levying the assessment, and a day for the sale of delinqueut stock. which shall not be less than fifteen, nor more than sixty days Irom the time appoiuted for decluriug said stock delinquent, Sue. 5. Upon the umkiug of such an order, the Seeretary shall cause to be published immediately a notice thereol in the following i form : “ [Name in full.) [Location of works.] Notice is hereby given that at a meetiug of the Trustees of said Company, held on the [date], an asscasmeut of [amouit. per share was levied upon tbe capital stock of said Company, payable [whcn, to whom, and where, pare Auy stock upon which said assessment shall remain unpaid on the [day fxed] shall be deemed delinquent, and will be duly advertised for sale at public auction, and unless payment shall be made before, will be sold on the [day appointed], to pay the delinquent assessinent, together with costs ol advertising and expenses of tbe sale. ([Siguature of the Seeretary, with particular location of office.) Sc. 6. Said uotice shall be published once) each week for four snceessive wecks in some daily or weekly paper publisheil at the pluce desumated in the articles ol curporativa ns the principal place at bnsiness of the corporation, und alzo in same paper paldished inthe county in which the works of the corporation are sitaated, Ta paper he published therein: provided, that if the works of the carporation are not sit+ uated with sume State or ‘Territory of the Cnited States, then pablicationin a paper of the Connty sball not be aecessary ; prorided, also, that if there is iv newspaper published at the place designated ns the principal place of basiness of the carpuration. then the pmblication shuli be made in the newspaper published oearext thereto; und provided, also, thit the notice speciticd in the ath section of this net may be served hy delivering n copy thereuf, certibed by the Scerctary, to each stuckhulder personally, and in case af such service apou all the stockholders ot said eurporation, theu nu notien by publicativn shall be necessary, und sneh personal notice sball be deemed complete. See. 7. If aay portion of the assessment mentioned in said potice shall remuin anpaid ou the day specified therein lur deelnring the stock delinquent, the seeretary shall, unless otherwise onlered by the Board of ‘Trustees, cause ta be pubtishal in the same papers in which the notice provided for in Sec. 5 shall have been published, a uotice substoutially in the following form : ane in fall, Location of works.] Notice. —lhere is ilrlinquent upon the following deseribed stuck, on account ol assessmeut levied on the [date,] [and assessments levied previous thereto, if auy . the several amounts set opposite the uames of the respective shareholders, as follows: [Names, number of certilicate, numb-r ol shares, amount.] And iu accordance with law, [and an order of the Board of ‘Trustees, nade on the [date] if any such order shall have been made,] so mauy shares of eacb purecl of said stock a3 may be necessary, will be sold at the [particular place,] oa the [date] at [the hour] of said day, to pay said delinquent assessments thereon, together with costs of advertising and expenses ol the sule. [Naine of Secretary, with particnlar location of office.] Sec. 8. Said last named notice shall state every certificate of stock with the number of shares which it represents, and the amouat due thereon, separately, except where certificntes may aot lave been issued to parties entitled thereto, ia which case the number ol shares and amount due thereon, together with tbe fact that tre certifiertes fur sucb shares have not heen issned shall be stated. Sec. 9. Said notice, when published in a daily or weekly paper. or iu both, shall be published as follows: Whien pablished iu a dsily paper, the same shall be published for a period of ten days, excluding Sundays nnd holidays, previous to the day of sale. When published in a weekly paper, the same shall be published lor two weeks previous to the day of sale. The first. publication of all delinquent sales shall be at least h{teen days prior to the day of sale. See. 10. By the publication of the said notices, as hereiubefore provided, tbe corporation shall acquire jurisdiction to sell aud convey a fall, eomplete, perfect, und absolute title to all of the stock described in the notice of sale upun which any portion of the assessinent or costs af advertising shall remain napail at the hour appointed lor tbe sule, but shall sell no more of such sto k than is necessary to pay the assessnents due and cost of sale. Sec. Ll. On the day ond at the place, and as nearly as may be at the hour appointed in the notice of sale, the Secretary. who is hereby fully empowered and authorized, shall, noless otherwise ordered ty the Boaid of ‘Trustees, sell, or cause to be sold at public auction, to the highest bidder for cash, so inany shares of each purcel of said described stock as may be necessary to pay ibe assessment and charges thereou, according to the terms of said notice of sale; provided, that if payment be made belove the time fixed for sale, the party paying shall only be required to pay tbe actual cost of advertising. Sree. 12. The person offering at such sale to pay the assessment, and costs for the smallest nomber of shares, or Iraction of a sbare, shall be deemed tbe bigbest bidder. Src. 13. If, at tho sale of any stock uader the foregoing provisions of this Act, no bidder sball offer to take and purchase the same for the amount of the assessments, and costs and charges then due upon the same, then aad in such case the same may be purchased and bid in by the company or corporation, through the Secretary or President, or any Director or ‘Trnstee thereof, at a snm equal to the amonnt of the assessments. custs, and charges due upon the same; and in pursuance and by virtue ot snch pnrchase, the said assessments, costs aud charges, shall be credited, as satisfied and paid in Tull, on the books of such corporation, aad entry of the traasfer of such stock to such corporation, iu pursuance of such sale and purchase, ahall be made on the bouks of said, corporation. While such stock sball remain the praperty of such corporation, the same. ments nnd dividends shall be apportioned upen and ogninst the other stock of such company not owned by snch curporation. All purctia: of its own stock made by any corporation, in accordance with the provisions ol this section, shall bs held valid. and as vesting the legal title to the same in suid corporation ; nud tho stock so purchased ehall be lield subject to the control ot the remaining stockholders, who may make sueh digpositioa of the same ns they umy deem Kt, in necordunce with the by-laws of tn corporation or vote of a majority of all the remaining shares, “Vhenever any portion of the capital stock of any corporation is held by the aaid incorporation by purchase ns aforesaid, ¢ innjority of the remaining shares ot stock in snid corporation slinlf be held to be n majority of the shares ol the stock in said corporte company lor all purpose ol election ur voting on any question before a stockholders’ meeting. Sec. ld. Tbe ties or dates fixed in any hotice of nssessment or notice of delinquent sule, published according to the provisions of this act, may he once exteaded for a period of not more thnn tbirty days, by order of the Board of ‘l'rustees, duly made and entered oa the records of the curpnrntion, bnt po order for extending the time for the performnnee of any act specifie? in nny notice shall be effectnal unless notice of such extension or postponement be appended to and publisbed with tbe notice to which [the] order relates, Sec. 15. No assessment duly levied shall be rendered invalid by a failure to make proper publication of the notices hereinbefore provided for.nor by the nun-performance of nny act reqnired to be performed in order to enforce the payment of the same; butin ease of any substantial error or omissionin the course of proceedings for colleetion, all previous proceedings, except tbe levying of the assessment, shall be void, and publicatiou sball be begun anew. Sec. 16. No action shall be sustained to recover any stock, or invalidate the sule of any stock for delinquent assessments. upoa the gronnd of any irregularity in making the assessment, or for any irregularity in or defect of the notice of such sule, or fur any defect or irregularity in the sale, nnless the party seeking to maintain such action shall first pay or tender to the corporation or the party hulding such stock so sold, the sum lur which the saine was sold, together with all snbsequent assessiner.ts which may have been paid thereoa, and interest on such sums from the time they were pnid ; and no such action shall be sustained unless the same shall be cnmmenced by the filiag of a complaint and the issuance of a sunununs thereon withi six inoutbs after such sale sball have been inade. Sec. 17. “An Act Concerning Assessments apon the Stock ol Corporations,” approved April 4th, 1864, and all Acts aad purts of Acts, incoasistent with the provisions of this Act, are hereby repealed ; provided, that such repeal shall not aflect proceedings commenced for the collection of assessments heretofore levied, but all sueh assessaients may be colleeted in accordance with tbe provisioas of the laws then in lorce. sxe. 18. This Act shall tuke cflect immediately. Tus Use or Sopium.—Tiie Ata of this city, in noticing the experiments ol Professor Silliman in the nse of sodium, which we gave at length three weeks ago, adds tbe following confirmatory evidence: We ndd to the opinion of Professor Silliman the experience cf R. Gray & Co., aiaaufacturing goldsmiths of this city. They have been in the habit of reducing the “ sweeps "—that is the sweep‘ngs aad refuse of their establishinent—into which considerable quantities ol the precious metals find their way, and at the last reduction, after the sweeps had been put througb the regular process, and were ready to be thrown away, according to custom, an experiment was tried by working them over again with sodium. ‘The result was that nearly as much gold was obtained Irom the second process as from the first. ‘Ihis work wns done ina Knox amalgamating pan. It will be observed that these experiments relate only to the amalgamation of gold. Mr. Kuatel, one of our inost competent niztallurgists, has given it as his opinion that no plan has yet been devised for using sodium to advautage in silver uiniag. Tre guards on the treins oa the Swedish railways are reqnired to havea knowledge of the elements of surgery, that in case of accidents they may be able to render medieal asststance. An ainbulance. fitted up with every requiste, fornis a part of each train. — Mowsy ay Mat.—Suhseribers and advertisers remitting us money in less sums than $50, can da so by mail at our risk, if they will register their Ietlers; we will take no risk on nuregislered letters, or letters by express. Remittances by express must be prepaid:

able lor pew und gorgevas vtyles of architeeinre. Onr houses were to be translucent palices ol lapis, opal, and jazpur. Does not this sound as it we were ourselves rong dng, and yet in truth we are bat norreting a very mikt edition of the announcement. Be. sides this there wus w chlorine process, in which all furmer chemical experience was adroitly set at fanit. ‘Miese ure instances of propositions fur chemical processes, and they tend to show haw small a progress hus been hitherto mado in adapting the processes of the chemist to the extraction of gold on the grand scale. A few years cince a famons professor of the University of Tinll. pamed Semler, uaaounerd that lie hud discavered the grand secret. ‘he ey of Berlin indeeit foand in the retorts of tle chemist the presence of gold, but a few faye alter it wus discovered that his wife, 10 iter his muaia, had pnt yold leaf into his npiratus. Sonu years atter, a similur deception as pitacticed in Kngland. beveral titnes, in public, the transformation of Mercury into silver and into gold, by the addition of a little powder. ‘Vhe Roynl Society of Toadon, of which Dr. Price was one of the West distinguished members, bring tmpressed With the effect of these reported experiments, appointed nn investizating committee to verily the fact. Price then pretended that he hil uo nore poreder; but, being put to the wall, he gave to aia comedy a territile and unexpected Yenonement by poisoning himself with pruassic acit, Althongh thesn unsuccessful attempts ought to give toe last grace to alchemy, others came forward which seemed to confirm the possibility of the transmatntion of inetals. Ving Van Melmont relates that, in 1518, he received n qoarter of a grain of n substance by which fe converted eight ounces of mercury into pure gold. Ielvetius, physician to the Prince of Ornnge, cluimed to live obtnined the saine resnft; and the Coant de Reass transformed, in the presence of the Emperor Perdinond 111.. two ponds and a-lalt of inereary inte fine gold by one giain of a red powder. With this gold a commemorative medal was struck, which conld be scen as lute as 1757, at the Treasury Department at Vienna. At the present time the“ secret art” and the resexrches of the middle ages arn held in less derision thaa formerly. Vhe phenomena of allotropism and isomerism sustain the opinions of Bacon. Verulam, Spinozn, Leihnitz, and Sir Wumplhrey Davy, who as the priests of Hermes, believed in the philosoyher's stone, and in the transmntation of metals. Many of our readers will be astonishel to learn that two of the most illustrious chemists ol the present day, M.M. Dumas and Bertbelot, eutertain the same opinion. A few wonths ago, Berthelot. in a lecture at the Colleve of Pranee, expressed himself aa lollows : “ The synthesis tends to the demonstration of this capital truth, that the chemical forces which govern organic [inorgaaic 7] motter are really, and without reserve, tbe same which zovern animal aatter.” M. Dumas gives, in his excellent Iessons on philosaphical chemistry, the folluwiug signifcant words: “Is it possible to adinit simple bodies to be isomeric? ‘This qnestion touches closely that of the transmatation of metals, Affirmatively answered it would imply chances of snevess in the search for the philosopher's stone. We must then consult experience, and experience, it must be conlessed. is not as yet opposed to the possibility of the transmutation of clearentary substances. Ou the contrary, it even argues against our repulsing this idea as one which is demoustrated by the present stote of onr knowledge to be an absurdity. The question of the traasmutation of metals has recently made a new advance, thanks to the learned researches of Dr. Henry Favre, and of M. Franz, the metullurgist. of Paris. The pussibility of translorming silver, copper, aad mercury into gold, announced by them, has strongly attracted the public attention. Nevertheless, in making their discovery public, the object vl the inventors hus been less to prove that they have succeeded in making gold, than to demonstrate the essential instability of elementary substances, the importance of which lact, iu the scientific world, is very great. All substances in aature owe their respective properties only to the fixation of forces, which have passed, for the time being, into a static condition, but which are always cupable of being called lortb into a state ol free activity. All these substances, then, according to M.M. Favre and Franz, should be regarded as produced by the operation of one and the saine common and original principle. It does not fullow, however, that the metals are composed ol stil simpler elementary bodies, which, by their intimate nnion, have hitherto escaped the means of analysis. They should rather be considered us simple in a chemical sease, but as composite-in a dynamico-static sense. ‘This Dlovks sn is principle once admitted, it was easy to deter-. inine the experiments that should be made, and Which have been inade accordingly. Among these we will Itete record but one—the third, It is sa straple, quickly performed, aud will, we Dr. Price exeented . think. be perfectly intelligible to our readers. A certain quantity of chlurhydrate of ammenin (sul ammuniue) is diszulved in ammunia. The sult should te well putverized “bis saiution is Gltered if itis tartad. Chioride of silver, still dump and perfectly white. is then added to itvand the duak is shaken. ‘The chloride of silver dissolves, nnd the liquor immediately becomes turbid. nssuming at tho same time a yellow color, Upva resting u while, a yellow } powder is Ueposited, which is collected with care, ‘I'lie followiaz aro the characteristics of . this powder :— ]. ‘Treated with aqua regin, it dissolves completely, and a new addition of anmonia re-pirecipitntes it, e 2. ltis not fnliminating. 3. It Tarnishes wohl by electrolysis, that is, ut the two poles of an element of Bunseu, [t will be seen that there is here prodneed a most remirkable Inet; that is, a transformation uid a separation simultaneously. ‘The ammonia is the solvent of the chloride of silver, und nt the sume time the reagent of the etal transformed by the chlorine. It results from the experiments of M M. Favre and Franz that the transformation of silver into vold takes plucu in two distinct stages or phases. ‘he tirst has for its object thy changn of condition of the silver, which dues nut yet, however, cunstitnte gold, ‘The second has for its olject und result the change of this new indeterminate body ato the delinite condition ol fine gol. Such n subjuct deserves, perhaps, to be treated more in detuil; but we shall return to it when M. M. Favre and franz shall have published their proeeedings relative to the transformation of copper and mercury into gold. ‘Ihe question is well worth the trouble. Important to Secretaries. The following Act (introduced by Seaator Roerxson) has been passed by both branches of the Legislutnre, nnd will take cffect inimediately upon the approval of the Executive : AN ACT CONCERNING ASSESSMENTS UPON THE STOCK OF COLPORATIONS. The People of the Stute of California, represented in Senate andi Assembly, do enact as follows ; Secnon 1. The Trustees of any corporation, formed under the geucral laws of this State, shall have power to levy and collect, for the purpose of paying the proper ond legal expenses of such corporation, assessments upon the capital stock thereof, in the mauner and form and to the extent hereinalter provided, and uot otherwise. Sse. 2. No one nssessment shall exceed five per cent, of the stated amount of the capital stock of the corporation, named in the articles of incorporation, and aone shall be levied while any portion of any previous assessment shall remain unpaid, or uncollected, except in cases where all tbe powers ol the corporation shall have been ex ercised in accordance with the terms ol this act, for the purpose of collecting such previous assessment, aud except, also, the collection of a previons assessment against one or more sfockholdies, restrained by injnnetion or otherwise ; in which case, Tarther as-essmeut may be levied aud collected accordiug to this act. Ske. 3. No assessment shall be levied except by order of the Buard ol Trustees, concurred in by a majority of said Board, and entered upon the reeords of the corporation. Sec. 4. Every order levying an assessment shall specify the amount tbereol and the time when the person or persons to whom aud the place or places where the same is payable. It shall also appoint a day subsequent to the full term ol publication of the assessment notice on which the stock upou which assessments remain unpaid shall be deemed delinquent, whicb said day shall not be less than thirty, nor more thun sixty days, from the time of the inaking of the said order levying the assessment, and a day for the sale of delinqueut stock. which shall not be less than fifteen, nor more than sixty days Irom the time appoiuted for decluriug said stock delinquent, Sue. 5. Upon the umkiug of such an order, the Seeretary shall cause to be published immediately a notice thereol in the following i form : “ [Name in full.) [Location of works.] Notice is hereby given that at a meetiug of the Trustees of said Company, held on the [date], an asscasmeut of [amouit. per share was levied upon tbe capital stock of said Company, payable [whcn, to whom, and where, pare Auy stock upon which said assessment shall remain unpaid on the [day fxed] shall be deemed delinquent, and will be duly advertised for sale at public auction, and unless payment shall be made before, will be sold on the [day appointed], to pay the delinquent assessinent, together with costs ol advertising and expenses of tbe sale. ([Siguature of the Seeretary, with particular location of office.) Sc. 6. Said uotice shall be published once) each week for four snceessive wecks in some

daily or weekly paper publisheil at the pluce desumated in the articles ol curporativa ns the principal place at bnsiness of the corporation, und alzo in same paper paldished inthe county in which the works of the corporation are sitaated, Ta paper he published therein: provided, that if the works of the carporation are not sit+ uated with sume State or ‘Territory of the Cnited States, then pablicationin a paper of the Connty sball not be aecessary ; prorided, also, that if there is iv newspaper published at the place designated ns the principal place of basiness of the carpuration. then the pmblication shuli be made in the newspaper published oearext thereto; und provided, also, thit the notice speciticd in the ath section of this net may be served hy delivering n copy thereuf, certibed by the Scerctary, to each stuckhulder personally, and in case af such service apou all the stockholders ot said eurporation, theu nu notien by publicativn shall be necessary, und sneh personal notice sball be deemed complete. See. 7. If aay portion of the assessment mentioned in said potice shall remuin anpaid ou the day specified therein lur deelnring the stock delinquent, the seeretary shall, unless otherwise onlered by the Board of ‘Trustees, cause ta be pubtishal in the same papers in which the notice provided for in Sec. 5 shall have been published, a uotice substoutially in the following form : ane in fall, Location of works.] Notice. —lhere is ilrlinquent upon the following deseribed stuck, on account ol assessmeut levied on the [date,] [and assessments levied previous thereto, if auy . the several amounts set opposite the uames of the respective shareholders, as follows: [Names, number of certilicate, numb-r ol shares, amount.] And iu accordance with law, [and an order of the Board of ‘Trustees, nade on the [date] if any such order shall have been made,] so mauy shares of eacb purecl of said stock a3 may be necessary, will be sold at the [particular place,] oa the [date] at [the hour] of said day, to pay said delinquent assessments thereon, together with costs of advertising and expenses ol the sule. [Naine of Secretary, with particnlar location of office.] Sec. 8. Said last named notice shall state every certificate of stock with the number of shares which it represents, and the amouat due thereon, separately, except where certificntes may aot lave been issued to parties entitled thereto, ia which case the number ol shares and amount due thereon, together with tbe fact that tre certifiertes fur sucb shares have not heen issned shall be stated. Sec. 9. Said notice, when published in a daily or weekly paper. or iu both, shall be published as follows: Whien pablished iu a dsily paper, the same shall be published for a period of ten days, excluding Sundays nnd holidays, previous to the day of sale. When published in a weekly paper, the same shall be published lor two weeks previous to the day of sale. The first. publication of all delinquent sales shall be at least h{teen days prior to the day of sale. See. 10. By the publication of the said notices, as hereiubefore provided, tbe corporation shall acquire jurisdiction to sell aud convey a fall, eomplete, perfect, und absolute title to all of the stock described in the notice of sale upun which any portion of the assessinent or costs af advertising shall remain napail at the hour appointed lor tbe sule, but shall sell no more of such sto k than is necessary to pay the assessnents due and cost of sale. Sec. Ll. On the day ond at the place, and as nearly as may be at the hour appointed in the notice of sale, the Secretary. who is hereby fully empowered and authorized, shall, noless otherwise ordered ty the Boaid of ‘Trustees, sell, or cause to be sold at public auction, to the highest bidder for cash, so inany shares of each purcel of said described stock as may be necessary to pay ibe assessment and charges thereou, according to the terms of said notice of sale; provided, that if payment be made belove the time fixed for sale, the party paying shall only be required to pay tbe actual cost of advertising. Sree. 12. The person offering at such sale to pay the assessment, and costs for the smallest nomber of shares, or Iraction of a sbare, shall be deemed tbe bigbest bidder. Src. 13. If, at tho sale of any stock uader the foregoing provisions of this Act, no bidder sball offer to take and purchase the same for the amount of the assessments, and costs and charges then due upon the same, then aad in such case the same may be purchased and bid in by the company or corporation, through the Secretary or President, or any Director or ‘Trnstee thereof, at a snm equal to the amonnt of the assessments. custs, and charges due upon the same; and in pursuance and by virtue ot snch pnrchase, the said assessments, costs aud charges, shall be credited, as satisfied and paid in Tull, on the books of such corporation, aad entry of the traasfer of such stock to such corporation, iu pursuance of such sale and purchase, ahall be made on the bouks of said, corporation. While such stock sball remain the praperty of such corporation, the same. ments nnd dividends shall be apportioned upen and ogninst the other stock of such company not owned by snch curporation. All purctia: of its own stock made by any corporation, in accordance with the provisions ol this section, shall bs held valid. and as vesting the legal title to the same in suid corporation ; nud tho stock so purchased ehall be lield subject to the control ot the remaining stockholders, who may make sueh digpositioa of the same ns they umy deem Kt, in necordunce with the by-laws of tn corporation or vote of a majority of all the remaining shares, “Vhenever any portion of the capital stock of any corporation is held by the aaid incorporation by purchase ns aforesaid, ¢ innjority of the remaining shares ot stock in snid corporation slinlf be held to be n majority of the shares ol the stock in said corporte company lor all purpose ol election ur voting on any question before a stockholders’ meeting. Sec. ld. Tbe ties or dates fixed in any hotice of nssessment or notice of delinquent sule, published according to the provisions of this act, may he once exteaded for a period of not more thnn tbirty days, by order of the Board of ‘l'rustees, duly made and entered oa the records of the curpnrntion, bnt po order for extending the time for the performnnee of any act specifie? in nny notice shall be effectnal unless notice of such extension or postponement be appended to and publisbed with tbe notice to which [the] order relates, Sec. 15. No assessment duly levied shall be rendered invalid by a failure to make proper publication of the notices hereinbefore provided for.nor by the nun-performance of nny act reqnired to be performed in order to enforce the payment of the same; butin ease of any substantial error or omissionin the course of proceedings for colleetion, all previous proceedings, except tbe levying of the assessment, shall be void, and publicatiou sball be begun anew. Sec. 16. No action shall be sustained to recover any stock, or invalidate the sule of any stock for delinquent assessments. upoa the gronnd of any irregularity in making the assessment, or for any irregularity in or defect of the notice of such sule, or fur any defect or irregularity in the sale, nnless the party seeking to maintain such action shall first pay or tender to the corporation or the party hulding such stock so sold, the sum lur which the saine was sold, together with all snbsequent assessiner.ts which may have been paid thereoa, and interest on such sums from the time they were pnid ; and no such action shall be sustained unless the same shall be cnmmenced by the filiag of a complaint and the issuance of a sunununs thereon withi six inoutbs after such sale sball have been inade. Sec. 17. “An Act Concerning Assessments apon the Stock ol Corporations,” approved April 4th, 1864, and all Acts aad purts of Acts, incoasistent with the provisions of this Act, are hereby repealed ; provided, that such repeal shall not aflect proceedings commenced for the collection of assessments heretofore levied, but all sueh assessaients may be colleeted in accordance with tbe provisioas of the laws then in lorce. sxe. 18. This Act shall tuke cflect immediately. Tus Use or Sopium.—Tiie Ata of this city, in noticing the experiments ol Professor Silliman in the nse of sodium, which we gave at length three weeks ago, adds tbe following confirmatory evidence: We ndd to the opinion of Professor Silliman the experience cf R. Gray & Co., aiaaufacturing goldsmiths of this city. They have been in the habit of reducing the “ sweeps "—that is the sweep‘ngs aad refuse of their establishinent—into which considerable quantities ol the precious metals find their way, and at the last reduction, after the sweeps had been put througb the regular process, and were ready to be thrown away, according to custom, an experiment was tried by working them over again with sodium. ‘The result was that nearly as much gold was obtained Irom the second process as from the first. ‘Ihis work wns done ina Knox amalgamating pan. It will be observed that these experiments relate only to the amalgamation of gold. Mr. Kuatel, one of our inost competent niztallurgists, has given it as his opinion that no plan has yet been devised for using sodium to advautage in silver uiniag. Tre guards on the treins oa the Swedish railways are reqnired to havea knowledge of the elements of surgery, that in case of accidents they may be able to render medieal asststance. An ainbulance. fitted up with every requiste, fornis a part of each train. — Mowsy ay Mat.—Suhseribers and advertisers remitting us money in less sums than $50, can da so by mail at our risk, if they will register their Ietlers; we will take no risk on nuregislered letters, or letters by express. Remittances by express must be prepaid: