Volume 12 (1866) (428 pages)

The Mining andScientific Press. 23] located in this district; the former by ‘T. Warhortao, and the Intter by Messrs. Barnes & Davis. Surlace teats from both claims are , very encouraging, They have been sold to} Eastern capitalists, The Twin River district is located on the . eastern side af the Toiyabe inonniains, Nyv euunty, twenty miles east of lone city, nnd fifty miles southeast of Austin, ‘The richness { and permanency of the mines of this district . appeur to heyery gencrally eonecded hy ull who have visit them. The Reese River region is destined to be. ! come quite ng celebrated na the mare accessible, but act richer Washoe section on the western borders of Nevadu. A late number of the Territorial Enterprise intorms us that the Leva pine, San Avtonio district, will yield $3.can tu the ton. This lead is nine fect wide nnd all pay rock. Tha nine is owned and workel by Messrs. W. Il. ©. Barnes and Geo. Lunt. , Daring the past year they have erected a large . mill and reduction works nenr the mine, und the latest recounts confirm the extraurdinury stutentents given ubove. ‘he San Antunio district has been long considered one af the richest in Nevnda, und this practienl deimonsiration of its wealth ranks it atmongst the most vuluable on this cuust. The editor of tho Reriedle thinks this is ‘important if true ;” but feurs it may bo jast a trifle exaggernted. Mining Statistics, «A paper was recently read by Dr. R. P. Steyens before tho Polytechuic Institute, N. Y. upva the mining interests of tbe United States, which coataiaed tho following valuable statisties : By the National Census Statisties of 1860, the miting produets of the country, including those economies closely allied to it, as quarrying of inurble, diggiag eliys, ete., the annual agetegate amouat is $106,894,460, and the Mianaficturing interests growing immediately ont of mining, amonnted in the year to $505,398.000, while the whole manuluctuto of the country amounted to $1,895 861,000. The mining interests is tbus already one-third of the whole. An cxamination of the mioing statistics in detail affords some very important and intereating facts. Iron, for instance, in the rough ore, just brouxlit to the surlace, is the ore of least value per ton, but when maaufactnred, the $7,723,000 ol raw material iacrease to $132,724,000, while gold, which is the most valuable of ull metals, immediately upon raising tn its increased value ia manufactures, is leust a allin proportion to the amount raised. Of $47,566,000, only $19,835,000 enter into the munufuctures of the coantry. Lead and eaupper beth yet exceed this metul ia aggregate value. The economies of coal afford another very interesting field of exploration. Vhe amouat of this fuel raised to the sarface was $20,343; 000, of which $8.369,000 was bituminons. Ol this tho value of $4,000,000 was manufactured into gas, with an inereased valne of $12,030,000. ‘the consuusptivn of gas leads to the aecessity of gas-fixtures of various kiads, and these amount to $2,695,500, confiaed to the States of Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Penngylvunia, Rhode Istand, Iliaois. ‘The amoant of coal ecnsumed in the various kinds of steam engines, ia producing mechunical force, thus adding to the power of inan, und cheapening his labor, is equivaleat to aildiag to the luboring forew ol the country a population of twenty-eight wiltions of mea, working eight hours a day. It gives employment to thirty thousand workmen, woineu and children in this city, who aaaually carn to tbeir eaiployers 350,000. Pemisylvaaia takes the lead in miaing coal, Ohio follows, aud thea succeeds IIlinois. la 1850, this Intter State had but two or three well establisbed collieries, and must have ranked at that time the sixth ia the amouut raised. Tien Surrnurers 1x Pracer County.—The Placer Herald says tbat experiments have recently been made by Messrs. Choate and Pugh, of Ophir, which developed the fact that the sulphurets iu the quurtz of that region are rich in gold. fa an experiment made by Mr. Puvh upon sulpburets taken Irom the Sonora tedye, the yicid wus at the rate ol $1,800 per ton. Mr. Chote got rom the sulpburets of the San Francisco company at the rate of $2,240 to the toa. Mr. Pugh is now erecting a coaceatralor ia his mill to save sulphurets—when this ig done large yields may be expected from quartz crushed at his inill. ‘bese fuets are ebeeriag indeed. For it is well kuown tbat the quartz veins arouad Ophir and Auburn are well filled with sulphurets, as well ag tree gold. (Written for the Mintug and Scleutitic I're=s.} Mining in Mount Diablo. Enivors Press:— During the past four . months I have repeatedly visited the mines sitnatad in this delectable mountain, und, ina inining point of view, Fum very much pleased with my sojourn in this mast interesting locality, as it alforded ima un opportunity of ascertuining the bearings, etce., of the different strutus in which are found veins of copper, cit nabar and cou). Of this latter minent the supply appears inexhaustible, The Camberland conl mino shows n healthy aspect, and the rising of 240 tons per day will svon be mude avuilable, the inereaso of which eptircly depends upon the management ol the mine, aud a nora expeditious modo of trans: portation. In pussing along to the Peacack nine we find a grent deal of work dove, but to little purpose. ‘he merits af this property will place it in juxtnposition with the fur-famed Black Diamond. Practical development will verify the nssertion. We aow notico the Saa Francisco coal mine, which I believe is under the able maaagement of LB. Joaes, Esq. Here things are kept agoing as regular as clockwark, and receat developments augur well for the futare of this invaluable property. 1 use the word invaluable, because nothing equal to it has as yet been discovered ia the coal range of Mount Dinblo. The newly-sslected place for the buse of futare operatioas was judiciously planned, and resulted in a valuuble discovery of coal tweaty four feet below tho surface. ‘The vein is three feet wide, of which two feet produce remarkable coal of rather superior quality at such a shallow depth. Should this mine be vigorously worked, tho preseut year will pnt the, proprietors ia a position to raise 150 toas per day, with ample reserves whea needed. Underaeath this splendid veia of conl is found a bed of fire-clay, of auperior qnality, the geauineness of which las been proved beyond a doubt, A plan of operations is on the tapis for making fire-brick, which I have no doubt will be commenced immediately, and my conclusion is, that the result will be the production ol an article aever as yet equaled ia Caliioraia, THR COPPEA MINES. The prospects of the copper mines are truly encouraging, aad their merits call lor energetic development. 1 believe the Wihooken, as a copper inine, bears the palm of a bowa fide speculation ; a sample of the ore assnyed at San Francisco gave a prodnee of 23 per cent. of copper. ‘his encouraged the shareholders to prosecute the work vigorously, so they at onco comraenced a drift on the course ol’ the lode leading towards the bunch of ore gone down. in the bottom of a shallow level. Should they strike it so rich in the present drilts, the merits of Mouut Diablo will be fully estab lished as a copper-bearing district, and the fortunate shareholders will be amply rewarded for their labor. The Nacleus is another very promising mine, and one likely to turn out a good thing. ‘Ihe recent discovery is a very impartaot one, and should stimulate those interested to more vigorous operations. ‘here are other mines equully as promising as those already tamed, aad . have no donbt. if worked with enterprising spirit and practicable manageinent, many of then would prove valuable. ‘Thousands, aay, tens of thousands, ol tons of ore can be taken out of Mount Diablo, which will give an average yield of trom Jour to eight per cent. of copper, and with soine cheap mode of Uressing it, could be bronglt to ten or even fifteen per ceat. Hence, it is obvioas that tlie erection of furnaces would be the salvation of the mines! Withont this is done, I tear the copper mining interests will be slow and tedious ; but should a company be formed, and furuaces erected, 1 am confideat tbat huudreds of hanils would be employed—the miaers would do well, und the smelters would do better, and that many a hundred tons of copper would be returaed per annum from Mount Diablo. SureainTENDENT. Coat tn Onrcon.—The Oregon State Journal states that Wand & Moore are opening a coal bank about two miles soutb ol Kuyene City, which gives good evidence ul being valnable. At the depth of sixty leet, it is of a quility mach improved over that at the beginhing of the tunnel. Ibis yet somewhat mixod with slate, but bnrus well, Waud discovered the croppiugs two years ago. Lage Superior Coprer.—The total copper product of Lake Superior ia 1864 was 8,561,999 toas, produciag about 6,850 toas iagot copper, wortb $6,859,000. The Origin of ‘Thing, Days ov tne Werk —In the Museum of ' Berlin. remarks a writer int Newark paper, in ‘the hull devoted to Northern antiquities, they ‘have tho representations ul the idols from whom the numes of the days of the weck are derived. Vrein Sun comes Sunday, ‘this idol is represented with bis face like the sun, holding o burning wheel, with both hands on lis breast, ‘signilying his conrse around the werhl The idul of the Moor, Irom which cometh Vouday. is habited ina short eliuk, like a won, but holding the mean io bis hands, Zvasce, lrum which eoineth Zesdey, was ane of the niost nneient and peculiar gads ol the Germans, and is represented iv his garment of skin, uecording to their peculiar munuer of clothing. ‘the third day uf the week was dedicated to his worship. Woden, trom whence Wednesday, wus a Valine prince umonz the Saxons. His image wis praved to fur victory. Zhor, from whence Thursday. is sented ona bed with twelve stura aver houd, holding # sceptre in the right hand. go, from whom we have riday, is represented with a drawn sword in his rizht linnd, and a bow in his left. 1fe was the giver of pence and plenty. Seater, from whom is Saturday, hus the nppeurance of perlect wretchedness ; he is thin visuged, long haired, with a lonz beard. He varries® puil of water in his rigbt hand, wherein are fruits aad flowers. . First Usk or Parra Money iw Amegrica.— The first American colonists used pelting and Wampum substitutes for coin. In 1640, the Couneil in New Netherlands petitioned to raise tho value of money in their colony, in order to prevent its exportation. Afterward, Governor Stuyvesaat tried tu introduce a specia currency, and to establish a mint at New Amsterdam. New Hngland already had her mint. Massachusetts was the first of the colonies to uso paper money. In 1690 it issned bills to the amount of seven thousand pounds to pay the soldiers engaged ia the exgeditioa against the French in Canada. ‘lwelve years after, Carolina issued paper money to pay her soldiers. ‘Mhree or four years alter, a paper money Act was passed in the island of Barbadoes. A little alter, ia 1703, Coanecticut and New York passed enactments ercating bills of credit. ‘he low state of the currency at this tine in New York was thought to arise trom the fact that most of the foreign trade of the country came through Boston and other New England ports. drawing thither money and produce. In 1695 the difference between New York and sterling money was about onefifth; in 1700, abont the quarter, ‘I'he present legal rate of interest in New York (seven per 'eent.) was established in 1738. A Beautirun Invustration.—At oae of the anniversaries of a Sabbath School in London, two litile girls presented themselves to receive the prizes, one of whom had recited one more verse than the other, both having learned several thoasand verses of Scripture. ‘he gentleman who presided inquired,‘ And could you not lave learned one verse more, and thus have kept np with Mattha?” Yes, sir,” the blnshing child replied ; “ but Llove Martha, and kept back on purpose” “And was there any of all the verses you have learned that taught you this lesson?” again inquired tbe President. “There was, sit,” she answered, blushing still more deeply: ‘In honor preferring one another." War 1s Sateratus?— Wood is burnt to ashes, we laxivuted, aud ley is the result, Ley is evaporated by boiling, black salts is the residam. ‘I'he sult undergoeg purification by fire, and the potash of commerce is obtained. By another process we chnuge potash into pearl ash. Now put these in sacks and place them over a distillery wash tub, where the fermentatioa evolves carboaic avid gas, and the pewrlash absorbs it and is rendered solid; the product being heavier, whiter and drier thaa the pearlash. It is now saleratns. How imneh salts of ley and curbonic acid gas one can bear and remaiu healthy, is a question for a salerstus eater. Some people say saleratus will act harm the stomach. It is a ley. Sieepinc Wir ras Hrap to tae Norta.— Herr Dr Julius Von Fiechweiler, an eccentric Germaa physician, recently died, leaving in his will what he considered a seeret for increasing the years of our life. His own age was 109, and he altribated it to the Inct that he always slept with his head to the north, and the rest ol his body, as nestrly as possible, in a meridianual position, By this means, he thonght the iron in his body became magnetized, and thas increased the energy of the vital principle. Lire is like a field of blackherry aad raspberry bushes. Mean people squat dowa and pick tbe fruit, ao matter how they black their fingers ; while genius, proud aad unbeading, strides fiercely on, and gets aothing but scratches, abd boles toru io his garments, . MINING AND SOIENTIFIO PRESS _ PATENT AGENCY. For the Pacific Coast. Orreck or tee Mixexc axp Screntirio Paxss—No. 605 Clay strevl, corner of Sansome, Sun Franclsco. Information for Inventors! inventors on this coast having thetr applications for patents made out theaugh our Agency can atgn their papera af once aml thus arcure their rights vt test three months eooner than by truating he sume o distaed agenetes, eituated in New Fork or Washington. The first quesilon that presents itself ta the Invenlor, who dealres to procure a patent, ja: "Can lobtam & alent? A posillve unswer fo this quesiion ls only to be had by prescniing aturmal Alcon fora patent to the Govern: mentembracing a peitiluu, specitication, niodet, duplicate, drawings, and the payiaent of Ihe prescribed oficial lees, Aside from these steps, nll the Inventor can do Is, 10 submit ix plans to persons maients, aud solicll 1 artles onsulted are honorable men, the Inventor may safely con. nde his Wdeas lo them, aud they will Inforin him whether or col lis luvention ly probnhly prtontnble, Those who have made Invent‘ons and desire to consnit WUh us respecthig the same, are carilially Invited to do eo. We shall he hary to see them in person nl our olllee, or to em by mull, or iirough the Mintxo axp Scexntirie In allcases hey may expect from us an honest For these consitnilons, ojdnion and adyiec, we 5 iW d-Ink sketch, and description of the Invention shonld be s logether with nstainp for retarn ats: Write plutn; de not use pencllor pale Ink; be ret Remember that all business commilied lo our care, and all consullations, are kept by ua secrel, and strictly confidentlal. Caveats, A Caveat Is a eonfidentiml commonteation made to the Palent Ullice, and Is theretore filed within [ts secret archis ex, The privilege secured under a caveat Is, thal It culliles the caveator to reecive notice, for a perlud of one year, of an TO AeRNGR for a palent subseqacnily fle, and whieh Is nd+ judged Io he novel, and Is likely lo Interfere with the Invention described In the caycat, and the cuveator is then required to complete his application for a pnient within three months from the date of sui notice. Cayeal papers should be very carcluliy prepared. Our Vee for lhe service yarica from $101u $20, The Government fee under the new law Is reduceil lo len dollurs; and this sum dves nol apply, as heretofore, as part of the lee on presenting an application Yor a patent. Inveulors will ofttimes find It very importanl to take adyautuge of Ihe eaveal syslem—tho expense under the law being comparalively amali. ‘Fo enable us lo prepare caveat paper, wo only require a sketch and description of the Inveni!on; no model being necessary. Expenso of Applying for s Patent, Rejections, eto, Under the new Jaw, the Government fce, on fillng an applicntion for a palent, ts tifteen dollurs ; and if the patent is allowed, twenly dollars additional Is required. If rejccied, the first fec of fifleen dollars Is all that is demanded. English, French, Austrian, Prussian Spanish, and Inventors of every nalionalily, may now oblain patents in the United Slates upou the same terina 48 our own cltizens. The only discriminallon made Is agains! subjects of gavernment Ihat discriminate agains! the Inhabttanis of the Uniied Slates. To the teregolng ofticlal lees must be added Ihe Atlorney’s fees for preparing Ihe varlous documents and drawings, Our charge for preparing a ease, preseniing Itto the Gov erumenl, and atleuding le all business connected wilh t unlil a decision is given, ls from $20 10540, If ihe fatent le erintted no further agency expenses ensues. 11 Ihe application Is rciected we cause thorough lnvesilgation to be wade Inilo the reasons presented 1o Ihe Commissioner for refusing the patent. 1n making this examination, our Wash: lugton ngent has access to all the drawings, models, booka and specifications cited lu reference, and we report the result as carly as possible ta our clieni. If the rejection proves 10 be an unjust onc—which somethmes happens—It can generally be reversed, and the pat: ont oblalued by contesIIng the ense. Forthis prosecallon wo charge a fee proportionate lo lic extra labor Involved, payable ouly on the Issue of the patenl ; bul our demand willl be reasonable and sntistaclory lo our clicnts, and wlll be arranged beforehand by special agreemenl, The sysiem adopled by ns works well, gives generul satis: faction and presents to all applicants, rich or poor, an equal oper any ol having thelr patenl gases prepared, coiducted and proxeculed In the best manner, by experienced attorney's, upon the most moderate terms. lnvenlors who have rejecied cascs, prepared ellher by themselves, or for them hy olber agents, anil desire lo asceriain thelr pros: pects ot snecess by Turther efforts, are Invited to avall theinsclvcs of our imequalied lacililies In securing favorable reaulls. We have been snecessful in securing Letters Patent in many cases of such a muiter. Ourterms fe such casce are very moderate. Models, Remittances, oto, The law requires that the Inyenlor shall, In all casea, farnish a model, which must no’ excced twelve Inches In any of Its dimentions: It should be neally made, of hard wood or metal, or both, varnished or palnted: Ihe name of the nventor should be engraved or painted on Il conspicuously. When the invention consists of an Improvement on some known machine, a full working model of Ihe whole will not be necessary. It should be sufficlenlly perfect, however, to BON with clearness, tho nature and operation of the Invention. As soon as the model ts ready, It should be carefully boxed and slilpped by express or otherwise, to fur address, nameIv: Dewey Co. Mining and Scloniific Press, Nu, 505 Clay Street, corner of Sausome, San Francisco, Cal. ‘Prepay expenses aud send express recelpt to us by mall, Simuitunecously with the model, lhe inventor should send us Ihe first installment of the Government Ico, filteen dolJars. The money may be forwarded elther by oxpross with the mode), or by mau The safest way to remll la by dralt on San Francisco, payable to our order. Always send a let. licr w th the model,and also the remittance slating the name and address of Ihe sender, 4 full descripiion should also be sent with the model, embodying all the ideus of lhe Inventor respectlng the iinprovemeut, On Ihe recelpt of the model and Government fee, Iho case Is duly registered upon onr books, and the applicailon proceeded with asiast as possible. When the documents are ready we send thern to the Iuventor by mail, for hls exzuninatlon, signature and alfidavit, with a letler of instructlon, ete. Ourtce Tor preparing lhe case Is jhen duo and fe willbe Called for, The case wlil then be presenled to the Patent Ctise, and as soon ns the patenl Is ordered to be Is sned the Qovermnen! lec, namoly, twenty dollars. Inventors who do business with us will be notificd of the shite of their application li the PatcntOfice, when It Is posslule for nstodose We na nat require the personal allendance of the inventor, unless it Is ono of greal compllcatlon; the buglucss ean he well done by correspondence. the juvention consists of 4 new arllcle of manufac: coinposilion, sampies of the separate Ingredlents, sufficient tonmuake tlie experiment, and alsoof tho manulnelared article itself musi be furnished. Tlic average tivte required 10 procure a patent, when the casc Is condncted at our agency, Is [hree months. @ froquoully get ibem Uirough In Jess tlme 3 but In olhe cases, owing to delay on the pars of ofllcials, the perlod is rometomes extended to fanr or flvo months, and even more. We make a special polut to forward our cases as rapidly aa possible. Patent Office Fees, and How Payable, Nearly ali the fees payable to the Patent Office are poslthyely reqnired by law To be pald In advance. . ae followlng is the Government tarlff of fees established yy law: On overy appiicailon fora deslgn, for 3 y'rs and 6 mos. $10 Ou every anplication ‘tor a design, for seven years. 15 pheation for a design, for fourteen ycars, 30 'y ny ry ¢ Ou Issulng e: o On filing a disclaimer.. On every application for a re: 5 On every nddiional patent granted Onevery upplication for an extension On the grant of every extension. Ou appeal to the Cominissioner fro: On every appeal to the Judges of Circult Court, D. C. We have had successful experience In condueting these appeals and our services are rendored on modcrate terms. N. B.—We make out our own forms for applications, ete., and would respectlally laform all partles Ihat we have no printed blank forms tor sale. i DEWEY « CO., Agents, Mining and Scientific Press Office, No, 505 Olay street, co r uer of Sansome, San Francisco. for a palcut, Tor sevenicen years. 1

The Mining andScientific Press. 23] located in this district; the former by ‘T. Warhortao, and the Intter by Messrs. Barnes & Davis. Surlace teats from both claims are , very encouraging, They have been sold to} Eastern capitalists, The Twin River district is located on the . eastern side af the Toiyabe inonniains, Nyv euunty, twenty miles east of lone city, nnd fifty miles southeast of Austin, ‘The richness { and permanency of the mines of this district . appeur to heyery gencrally eonecded hy ull who have visit them. The Reese River region is destined to be. ! come quite ng celebrated na the mare accessible, but act richer Washoe section on the western borders of Nevadu. A late number of the Territorial Enterprise intorms us that the Leva pine, San Avtonio district, will yield $3.can tu the ton. This lead is nine fect wide nnd all pay rock. Tha nine is owned and workel by Messrs. W. Il. ©. Barnes and Geo. Lunt. , Daring the past year they have erected a large . mill and reduction works nenr the mine, und the latest recounts confirm the extraurdinury stutentents given ubove. ‘he San Antunio district has been long considered one af the richest in Nevnda, und this practienl deimonsiration of its wealth ranks it atmongst the most vuluable on this cuust. The editor of tho Reriedle thinks this is ‘important if true ;” but feurs it may bo jast a trifle exaggernted. Mining Statistics, «A paper was recently read by Dr. R. P. Steyens before tho Polytechuic Institute, N. Y. upva the mining interests of tbe United States, which coataiaed tho following valuable statisties : By the National Census Statisties of 1860, the miting produets of the country, including those economies closely allied to it, as quarrying of inurble, diggiag eliys, ete., the annual agetegate amouat is $106,894,460, and the Mianaficturing interests growing immediately ont of mining, amonnted in the year to $505,398.000, while the whole manuluctuto of the country amounted to $1,895 861,000. The mining interests is tbus already one-third of the whole. An cxamination of the mioing statistics in detail affords some very important and intereating facts. Iron, for instance, in the rough ore, just brouxlit to the surlace, is the ore of least value per ton, but when maaufactnred, the $7,723,000 ol raw material iacrease to $132,724,000, while gold, which is the most valuable of ull metals, immediately upon raising tn its increased value ia manufactures, is leust a allin proportion to the amount raised. Of $47,566,000, only $19,835,000 enter into the munufuctures of the coantry. Lead and eaupper beth yet exceed this metul ia aggregate value. The economies of coal afford another very interesting field of exploration. Vhe amouat of this fuel raised to the sarface was $20,343; 000, of which $8.369,000 was bituminons. Ol this tho value of $4,000,000 was manufactured into gas, with an inereased valne of $12,030,000. ‘the consuusptivn of gas leads to the aecessity of gas-fixtures of various kiads, and these amount to $2,695,500, confiaed to the States of Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Penngylvunia, Rhode Istand, Iliaois. ‘The amoant of coal ecnsumed in the various kinds of steam engines, ia producing mechunical force, thus adding to the power of inan, und cheapening his labor, is equivaleat to aildiag to the luboring forew ol the country a population of twenty-eight wiltions of mea, working eight hours a day. It gives employment to thirty thousand workmen, woineu and children in this city, who aaaually carn to tbeir eaiployers 350,000. Pemisylvaaia takes the lead in miaing coal, Ohio follows, aud thea succeeds IIlinois. la 1850, this Intter State had but two or three well establisbed collieries, and must have ranked at that time the sixth ia the amouut raised. Tien Surrnurers 1x Pracer County.—The Placer Herald says tbat experiments have recently been made by Messrs. Choate and Pugh, of Ophir, which developed the fact that the sulphurets iu the quurtz of that region are rich in gold. fa an experiment made by Mr. Puvh upon sulpburets taken Irom the Sonora tedye, the yicid wus at the rate ol $1,800 per ton. Mr. Chote got rom the sulpburets of the San Francisco company at the rate of $2,240 to the toa. Mr. Pugh is now erecting a coaceatralor ia his mill to save sulphurets—when this ig done large yields may be expected from quartz crushed at his inill. ‘bese fuets are ebeeriag indeed. For it is well kuown tbat the quartz veins arouad Ophir and Auburn are well filled with sulphurets, as well ag tree gold. (Written for the Mintug and Scleutitic I're=s.} Mining in Mount Diablo. Enivors Press:— During the past four . months I have repeatedly visited the mines sitnatad in this delectable mountain, und, ina inining point of view, Fum very much pleased with my sojourn in this mast interesting locality, as it alforded ima un opportunity of ascertuining the bearings, etce., of the different strutus in which are found veins of copper, cit nabar and cou). Of this latter minent the supply appears inexhaustible, The Camberland conl mino shows n healthy aspect, and the rising of 240 tons per day will svon be mude avuilable, the inereaso of which eptircly depends upon the management ol the mine, aud a nora expeditious modo of trans: portation. In pussing along to the Peacack nine we find a grent deal of work dove, but to little purpose. ‘he merits af this property will place it in juxtnposition with the fur-famed Black Diamond. Practical development will verify the nssertion. We aow notico the Saa Francisco coal mine, which I believe is under the able maaagement of LB. Joaes, Esq. Here things are kept agoing as regular as clockwark, and receat developments augur well for the futare of this invaluable property. 1 use the word invaluable, because nothing equal to it has as yet been discovered ia the coal range of Mount Dinblo. The newly-sslected place for the buse of futare operatioas was judiciously planned, and resulted in a valuuble discovery of coal tweaty four feet below tho surface. ‘The vein is three feet wide, of which two feet produce remarkable coal of rather superior quality at such a shallow depth. Should this mine be vigorously worked, tho preseut year will pnt the, proprietors ia a position to raise 150 toas per day, with ample reserves whea needed. Underaeath this splendid veia of conl is found a bed of fire-clay, of auperior qnality, the geauineness of which las been proved beyond a doubt, A plan of operations is on the tapis for making fire-brick, which I have no doubt will be commenced immediately, and my conclusion is, that the result will be the production ol an article aever as yet equaled ia Caliioraia, THR COPPEA MINES. The prospects of the copper mines are truly encouraging, aad their merits call lor energetic development. 1 believe the Wihooken, as a copper inine, bears the palm of a bowa fide speculation ; a sample of the ore assnyed at San Francisco gave a prodnee of 23 per cent. of copper. ‘his encouraged the shareholders to prosecute the work vigorously, so they at onco comraenced a drift on the course ol’ the lode leading towards the bunch of ore gone down. in the bottom of a shallow level. Should they strike it so rich in the present drilts, the merits of Mouut Diablo will be fully estab lished as a copper-bearing district, and the fortunate shareholders will be amply rewarded for their labor. The Nacleus is another very promising mine, and one likely to turn out a good thing. ‘Ihe recent discovery is a very impartaot one, and should stimulate those interested to more vigorous operations. ‘here are other mines equully as promising as those already tamed, aad . have no donbt. if worked with enterprising spirit and practicable manageinent, many of then would prove valuable. ‘Thousands, aay, tens of thousands, ol tons of ore can be taken out of Mount Diablo, which will give an average yield of trom Jour to eight per cent. of copper, and with soine cheap mode of Uressing it, could be bronglt to ten or even fifteen per ceat. Hence, it is obvioas that tlie erection of furnaces would be the salvation of the mines! Withont this is done, I tear the copper mining interests will be slow and tedious ; but should a company be formed, and furuaces erected, 1 am confideat tbat huudreds of hanils would be employed—the miaers would do well, und the smelters would do better, and that many a hundred tons of copper would be returaed per annum from Mount Diablo. SureainTENDENT. Coat tn Onrcon.—The Oregon State Journal states that Wand & Moore are opening a coal bank about two miles soutb ol Kuyene City, which gives good evidence ul being valnable. At the depth of sixty leet, it is of a quility mach improved over that at the beginhing of the tunnel. Ibis yet somewhat mixod with slate, but bnrus well, Waud discovered the croppiugs two years ago. Lage Superior Coprer.—The total copper product of Lake Superior ia 1864 was 8,561,999 toas, produciag about 6,850 toas iagot copper, wortb $6,859,000. The Origin of ‘Thing, Days ov tne Werk —In the Museum of ' Berlin. remarks a writer int Newark paper, in ‘the hull devoted to Northern antiquities, they ‘have tho representations ul the idols from whom the numes of the days of the weck are derived. Vrein Sun comes Sunday, ‘this idol is represented with bis face like the sun, holding o burning wheel, with both hands on lis breast, ‘signilying his conrse around the werhl The idul of the Moor, Irom which cometh Vouday. is habited ina short eliuk, like a won, but holding the mean io bis hands, Zvasce, lrum which eoineth Zesdey, was ane of the niost nneient and peculiar gads ol the Germans, and is represented iv his garment of skin, uecording to their peculiar munuer of clothing. ‘the third day uf the week was dedicated to his worship. Woden, trom whence Wednesday, wus a Valine prince umonz the Saxons. His image wis praved to fur victory. Zhor, from whence Thursday. is sented ona bed with twelve stura aver houd, holding # sceptre in the right hand. go, from whom we have riday, is represented with a drawn sword in his rizht linnd, and a bow in his left. 1fe was the giver of pence and plenty. Seater, from whom is Saturday, hus the nppeurance of perlect wretchedness ; he is thin visuged, long haired,

with a lonz beard. He varries® puil of water in his rigbt hand, wherein are fruits aad flowers. . First Usk or Parra Money iw Amegrica.— The first American colonists used pelting and Wampum substitutes for coin. In 1640, the Couneil in New Netherlands petitioned to raise tho value of money in their colony, in order to prevent its exportation. Afterward, Governor Stuyvesaat tried tu introduce a specia currency, and to establish a mint at New Amsterdam. New Hngland already had her mint. Massachusetts was the first of the colonies to uso paper money. In 1690 it issned bills to the amount of seven thousand pounds to pay the soldiers engaged ia the exgeditioa against the French in Canada. ‘lwelve years after, Carolina issued paper money to pay her soldiers. ‘Mhree or four years alter, a paper money Act was passed in the island of Barbadoes. A little alter, ia 1703, Coanecticut and New York passed enactments ercating bills of credit. ‘he low state of the currency at this tine in New York was thought to arise trom the fact that most of the foreign trade of the country came through Boston and other New England ports. drawing thither money and produce. In 1695 the difference between New York and sterling money was about onefifth; in 1700, abont the quarter, ‘I'he present legal rate of interest in New York (seven per 'eent.) was established in 1738. A Beautirun Invustration.—At oae of the anniversaries of a Sabbath School in London, two litile girls presented themselves to receive the prizes, one of whom had recited one more verse than the other, both having learned several thoasand verses of Scripture. ‘he gentleman who presided inquired,‘ And could you not lave learned one verse more, and thus have kept np with Mattha?” Yes, sir,” the blnshing child replied ; “ but Llove Martha, and kept back on purpose” “And was there any of all the verses you have learned that taught you this lesson?” again inquired tbe President. “There was, sit,” she answered, blushing still more deeply: ‘In honor preferring one another." War 1s Sateratus?— Wood is burnt to ashes, we laxivuted, aud ley is the result, Ley is evaporated by boiling, black salts is the residam. ‘I'he sult undergoeg purification by fire, and the potash of commerce is obtained. By another process we chnuge potash into pearl ash. Now put these in sacks and place them over a distillery wash tub, where the fermentatioa evolves carboaic avid gas, and the pewrlash absorbs it and is rendered solid; the product being heavier, whiter and drier thaa the pearlash. It is now saleratns. How imneh salts of ley and curbonic acid gas one can bear and remaiu healthy, is a question for a salerstus eater. Some people say saleratus will act harm the stomach. It is a ley. Sieepinc Wir ras Hrap to tae Norta.— Herr Dr Julius Von Fiechweiler, an eccentric Germaa physician, recently died, leaving in his will what he considered a seeret for increasing the years of our life. His own age was 109, and he altribated it to the Inct that he always slept with his head to the north, and the rest ol his body, as nestrly as possible, in a meridianual position, By this means, he thonght the iron in his body became magnetized, and thas increased the energy of the vital principle. Lire is like a field of blackherry aad raspberry bushes. Mean people squat dowa and pick tbe fruit, ao matter how they black their fingers ; while genius, proud aad unbeading, strides fiercely on, and gets aothing but scratches, abd boles toru io his garments, . MINING AND SOIENTIFIO PRESS _ PATENT AGENCY. For the Pacific Coast. Orreck or tee Mixexc axp Screntirio Paxss—No. 605 Clay strevl, corner of Sansome, Sun Franclsco. Information for Inventors! inventors on this coast having thetr applications for patents made out theaugh our Agency can atgn their papera af once aml thus arcure their rights vt test three months eooner than by truating he sume o distaed agenetes, eituated in New Fork or Washington. The first quesilon that presents itself ta the Invenlor, who dealres to procure a patent, ja: "Can lobtam & alent? A posillve unswer fo this quesiion ls only to be had by prescniing aturmal Alcon fora patent to the Govern: mentembracing a peitiluu, specitication, niodet, duplicate, drawings, and the payiaent of Ihe prescribed oficial lees, Aside from these steps, nll the Inventor can do Is, 10 submit ix plans to persons maients, aud solicll 1 artles onsulted are honorable men, the Inventor may safely con. nde his Wdeas lo them, aud they will Inforin him whether or col lis luvention ly probnhly prtontnble, Those who have made Invent‘ons and desire to consnit WUh us respecthig the same, are carilially Invited to do eo. We shall he hary to see them in person nl our olllee, or to em by mull, or iirough the Mintxo axp Scexntirie In allcases hey may expect from us an honest For these consitnilons, ojdnion and adyiec, we 5 iW d-Ink sketch, and description of the Invention shonld be s logether with nstainp for retarn ats: Write plutn; de not use pencllor pale Ink; be ret Remember that all business commilied lo our care, and all consullations, are kept by ua secrel, and strictly confidentlal. Caveats, A Caveat Is a eonfidentiml commonteation made to the Palent Ullice, and Is theretore filed within [ts secret archis ex, The privilege secured under a caveat Is, thal It culliles the caveator to reecive notice, for a perlud of one year, of an TO AeRNGR for a palent subseqacnily fle, and whieh Is nd+ judged Io he novel, and Is likely lo Interfere with the Invention described In the caycat, and the cuveator is then required to complete his application for a pnient within three months from the date of sui notice. Cayeal papers should be very carcluliy prepared. Our Vee for lhe service yarica from $101u $20, The Government fee under the new law Is reduceil lo len dollurs; and this sum dves nol apply, as heretofore, as part of the lee on presenting an application Yor a patent. Inveulors will ofttimes find It very importanl to take adyautuge of Ihe eaveal syslem—tho expense under the law being comparalively amali. ‘Fo enable us lo prepare caveat paper, wo only require a sketch and description of the Inveni!on; no model being necessary. Expenso of Applying for s Patent, Rejections, eto, Under the new Jaw, the Government fce, on fillng an applicntion for a palent, ts tifteen dollurs ; and if the patent is allowed, twenly dollars additional Is required. If rejccied, the first fec of fifleen dollars Is all that is demanded. English, French, Austrian, Prussian Spanish, and Inventors of every nalionalily, may now oblain patents in the United Slates upou the same terina 48 our own cltizens. The only discriminallon made Is agains! subjects of gavernment Ihat discriminate agains! the Inhabttanis of the Uniied Slates. To the teregolng ofticlal lees must be added Ihe Atlorney’s fees for preparing Ihe varlous documents and drawings, Our charge for preparing a ease, preseniing Itto the Gov erumenl, and atleuding le all business connected wilh t unlil a decision is given, ls from $20 10540, If ihe fatent le erintted no further agency expenses ensues. 11 Ihe application Is rciected we cause thorough lnvesilgation to be wade Inilo the reasons presented 1o Ihe Commissioner for refusing the patent. 1n making this examination, our Wash: lugton ngent has access to all the drawings, models, booka and specifications cited lu reference, and we report the result as carly as possible ta our clieni. If the rejection proves 10 be an unjust onc—which somethmes happens—It can generally be reversed, and the pat: ont oblalued by contesIIng the ense. Forthis prosecallon wo charge a fee proportionate lo lic extra labor Involved, payable ouly on the Issue of the patenl ; bul our demand willl be reasonable and sntistaclory lo our clicnts, and wlll be arranged beforehand by special agreemenl, The sysiem adopled by ns works well, gives generul satis: faction and presents to all applicants, rich or poor, an equal oper any ol having thelr patenl gases prepared, coiducted and proxeculed In the best manner, by experienced attorney's, upon the most moderate terms. lnvenlors who have rejecied cascs, prepared ellher by themselves, or for them hy olber agents, anil desire lo asceriain thelr pros: pects ot snecess by Turther efforts, are Invited to avall theinsclvcs of our imequalied lacililies In securing favorable reaulls. We have been snecessful in securing Letters Patent in many cases of such a muiter. Ourterms fe such casce are very moderate. Models, Remittances, oto, The law requires that the Inyenlor shall, In all casea, farnish a model, which must no’ excced twelve Inches In any of Its dimentions: It should be neally made, of hard wood or metal, or both, varnished or palnted: Ihe name of the nventor should be engraved or painted on Il conspicuously. When the invention consists of an Improvement on some known machine, a full working model of Ihe whole will not be necessary. It should be sufficlenlly perfect, however, to BON with clearness, tho nature and operation of the Invention. As soon as the model ts ready, It should be carefully boxed and slilpped by express or otherwise, to fur address, nameIv: Dewey Co. Mining and Scloniific Press, Nu, 505 Clay Street, corner of Sausome, San Francisco, Cal. ‘Prepay expenses aud send express recelpt to us by mall, Simuitunecously with the model, lhe inventor should send us Ihe first installment of the Government Ico, filteen dolJars. The money may be forwarded elther by oxpross with the mode), or by mau The safest way to remll la by dralt on San Francisco, payable to our order. Always send a let. licr w th the model,and also the remittance slating the name and address of Ihe sender, 4 full descripiion should also be sent with the model, embodying all the ideus of lhe Inventor respectlng the iinprovemeut, On Ihe recelpt of the model and Government fee, Iho case Is duly registered upon onr books, and the applicailon proceeded with asiast as possible. When the documents are ready we send thern to the Iuventor by mail, for hls exzuninatlon, signature and alfidavit, with a letler of instructlon, ete. Ourtce Tor preparing lhe case Is jhen duo and fe willbe Called for, The case wlil then be presenled to the Patent Ctise, and as soon ns the patenl Is ordered to be Is sned the Qovermnen! lec, namoly, twenty dollars. Inventors who do business with us will be notificd of the shite of their application li the PatcntOfice, when It Is posslule for nstodose We na nat require the personal allendance of the inventor, unless it Is ono of greal compllcatlon; the buglucss ean he well done by correspondence. the juvention consists of 4 new arllcle of manufac: coinposilion, sampies of the separate Ingredlents, sufficient tonmuake tlie experiment, and alsoof tho manulnelared article itself musi be furnished. Tlic average tivte required 10 procure a patent, when the casc Is condncted at our agency, Is [hree months. @ froquoully get ibem Uirough In Jess tlme 3 but In olhe cases, owing to delay on the pars of ofllcials, the perlod is rometomes extended to fanr or flvo months, and even more. We make a special polut to forward our cases as rapidly aa possible. Patent Office Fees, and How Payable, Nearly ali the fees payable to the Patent Office are poslthyely reqnired by law To be pald In advance. . ae followlng is the Government tarlff of fees established yy law: On overy appiicailon fora deslgn, for 3 y'rs and 6 mos.. $10 Ou every anplication ‘tor a design, for seven years.. 15 pheation for a design, for fourteen ycars, 30 'y ny ry ¢ Ou Issulng e: o On filing a disclaimer... On every application for a re: 5 On every nddiional patent granted Onevery upplication for an extension On the grant of every extension.. Ou appeal to the Cominissioner fro: On every appeal to the Judges of Circult Court, D. C. We have had successful experience In condueting these appeals and our services are rendored on modcrate terms. N. B.—We make out our own forms for applications, ete., and would respectlally laform all partles Ihat we have no printed blank forms tor sale. i DEWEY « CO., Agents, Mining and Scientific Press Office, No, 505 Olay street, co r uer of Sansome, San Francisco. for a palcut, Tor sevenicen years.. 1