Volume 12 (1866) (428 pages)

The lining and 387 mill process in San Francisco as a teat, which yielded nhout nine dollars to the ton, ta gold ond silver—the latter preponderatioz —and that different nssay3 lrom the same had ran lrom $15.50 tn $45 per ton. On the ravine a short distouce below the Colfux, Sutton & Bro. had just completed no sinall nrastra for ths purpose of crushing the rock from their elaim, tho porticulurs in regnrd to which I did not leurn. Crnssing the hill a few hundred yards to the north in company with Mr. P, MeMahon, the secretary of the WOODSTOCK, Who had kindly tendered his services to show ine the different claims of this new and promising district, ] soon reached the shaft of the company. It started on two sinnll veins, whieh, yraduatly widening, had come tugether nt the dept of twelve feet, nmking n width of lode at thirty-eight feet iu depth of not leas than six fect. No assay had been made of the rock, but a good prospect hod been obtained in the haml-mortar io ths form ol free gold. As the quartz is of a: bluish color, und similur in texture und in other respects to thut of tho Colfax and La Payette, it probably contains olso a good proportion of silver. Tho Woodstock consists of 1,800 feet, ond is owned hy Mr. MeMohon and other citizens of Colfax. Not far froin this, nud a shart distance to thn east, is i TNE RISING SUN, Which, like its great namesake, has on opparent course nt present from the enst to the west. with quartz of a yellowish line, contuining free gold, nd well distributed throngh the vein. The company, made up ol Messrs. Colemun, Neff nnd others, lay claim to some 3,000 feet, and have sunk a shaft to the depth of sixty foet ou their lode. I was informed by ons of the compnny that the vein bad an overage thickness of twenty-two inches. Sixteen tous of the ore was recently worked at the Tisusting Lill mill, in thé neighborhood of Grass Vulley, which crushed at the rate of $27.27 per ton, niostly gold, I belicve, and running 907 fine. A lew months mors will prohably dsvelop many interesting facts concerning the mines of this viciuity, of which you will be duly informed. In the menntime, I remain ns ever, our Prosrectoa. Colfox, June 6, 1866. {[Wrlien for the Minteg aud Sclentific Press,] The Auriferous Gravel Deposits, Enrrors Press: “Is it possible for those oncient ouriferous gravel beds, situated along the western flouks of the Sierra Nevadn, to be intersected hy metalliferous quortz veins?” I believe geologists do not claim to know the exnect oge of metallic veins and ouriferous deposits, and I bope yon will pardon me if I should vot consider the ahove question finally disposed of. I am at a loss to understand how you should infer that I helieve the gravol aud cement deposits situated high np on the sides of the Sierra Nevada, and extending from the Feather to the Merced river, ure of no more ancient formation than the tertiary period. When Prof. Whitney avers he has found quartz veins intersectiag a formation eontaining mullusca, belonging to the erctaceous or even a mueh later period, I enn readily aceept it ns truth; but if he or nny other mnn jumps to the conelusion that those ancient gravel deposits, above referred to, are of ns recent formation as the cretaeeous period, he may find there are things he does not dream of in his philosophy. While writing a communicatiou, which appeared in the coluinns of ths Passs, under the title of “ Age and Formation of Igncous Rocks,’ I did have n sort ol n genernl idea that no auriferous ores found their woy+o the surface earlier than the new . red sandstone period, and that eonsequently tbe nuriferous gravel deposits niust have heen of suhsequent formation. My object in writing the nbove mentioaed paper was two fold; first, to sbow that the earth’s crust had become solid to a greater depth than the metalliferous stratuin ; and secondly, to show what loose idens scieutifie men geperally have of the formation of igneous rocks, when such scholars as Dr. Jackson are left to iafer, that the moltea interior of our globe must be of a metallie nature, because, at ordiuary temperatures, most metals ars more dense than any known rock; forgetting that metals expnnd more rapidly than earths at an inereased temperature! And the readars of that paper will observo, too, that ouly suel: frets were used as have been hefore the world in standard works for years. Sinee writing that paper, I have acquired new faets, and bave better digested sucb faets as were tben in my possessioa, nnd conse“qnently hove more definite idens of the age of aly? auriferons ore (and deposits) ond tho manner of their being bronght to the sorface, and have heen led to tho unavoidably oonelusion that these ancient gravel und cement deposits were formed wtuch earlier than the new red sand: stono period. Tam very mach interested in the deseription of the formation of ‘Table mountain, by J. A. Jennings, and with him believe "it opens to us nit interestivg chopterim geologicol history.” If the lava, that forms the muss of the mon tain, was of sufficient Huidity to follow a river channel twenty or thirty mies, it must, at the time of its tormiution, have been level from bank to bunk, or in an ensterly or westerly direetion. Does the surfiee of the monntiin dip in a westerly direction? If so, by deter. inining tho angle, the method of ascertnining how mneh tho mountai has been uphenved since its forniation, would readily preseut itself to the mind nl the mathemnticinn. oo JEL + em oe {Writiva for the Mining and Sclentiile I'ress.] From Sierra County, Epirors Press: This onee flourishing mining town, by fire ond deereaso in the vuluo of lines hng gone down somewhat ; but there are still some good diggings here yet. ‘Tho Young America claim, on a gmvel dsposit, has a tunne] 1,600 feet long, penetrating the hill in a southeast direction, which developed a good preying condition. Tor four yenrs it hns been coustnutly yisldiug on nvernge of six dollars per man, daily. ‘I hs tunnel was run at n cost of nbout two dollars per foot. Mr. H. Holling ig the superintendent ond one of ths priacipnl owner's. : THE LEE CREEK DIGGINGS, Below Forest City, consists of a small eloim, but yielding from five to ten dollnrs to the moo per dny. I’or ten yenrs it has heen a constnot thiag, and hog preserved its value, while many otber lorger ond ot times more valuable mines bave run out. Itis owued by Mr. Charles Lee nnd son, two of the oldest residents of this place. The Live Yankee, nt one time so fabulously rich, has lailed to give ont itsimmense wealth, and at present, is worked at only enough to pay wages. It is estimated that $1,000,000 hus heen taken from this mine in the past. Ww. Forest City, June 5, 1866. + oe se Cantente Disrrict.—Lditors Press; Your correspondent “ D.,” iu writing nbout the Clear Creek mines, must havo been misinformed nbout the Caliente district. he district is noz several years old, nor was the milt built several years ago. Tho distriet was organized last July, and ths mill was fiaished last Janunry only; and a misunderstanding betweeu the owners wos the cause of its stopping. It is now at work again, under Judge Walsh, formerly of Grass Valley, who speaks in the highest terms of the distriet. Several arastras have been at work there since January, getting from thirty-five to sixty dollars per ton from ths rock. ‘he advantages for working the ths Calients leads aro superior to those of any of the neighhoring districts, and the operations of Judze Walsh will sooa prove its value. Professor Blake is how visiting those mines, and we may soon eujoy dis opinioa as to the Clear Creek mining region. When the leads in that region shnll he well opened, they will diselose wonderful wenlth. Give them hut hall the developmeut that Grass Valley now enjoys, and they will present unequalled attractions to mea of means. The great want is waut of means, but they will soon he supplied. June, 1866. ' D. —— aecepts the correction with thanks. A Worp ror Lirtte Girts.—Who is loveIt is the little girl who drops sweet words, kind remarks and pleasaat smiles as she passes along ; who has a kind word of sympathy for every girl or boy she meets in trouble, aad a kind hand to belp her companions out of difficulty ; who never scolds, aever contends, uever teases her mother, nor seeks in any wny to diminish, but always to inerease her happiaess. Would it not pleaso you to pick np a striag of pearls, drops of gold, diamonds or preeious stones, which ean never be lost? ‘ake the hand of the friendless, smile ou the sad nnd dejeeted, sympathize with those in trouhle, strive everywhere to diffuse around you sunshine and joy. If you do this you will he sure to be beloved. Tur majority of the Teachers in the Department seem to favor opening the Sehools at 9 o’clock a. u. instead of 10. Scientific Lress. Mechanical. Bessemer Steel—Lake Superior Iron, Various experiments made to determine the tenacity of Bessemer stecl, have shown that white wronght iron will bear from 40,000 to 60,000 pounds per squnre inch, and the best comnion stecl 93,000 to 124,000 ponnds, Bessemer steel will resist on pressure nbout twice that of wronght iron, and nearly os much ns the best east steel. Four experiments with Bessemer steel, as compared with the best coinmon steel, resulted as follows : Now 7 broky al. ccsee ns cesses 117,183 Ibs. per square Jncte Na wee T1Y,083 a as Nin att 234 & e Seat. ‘Vat gat « “ Best commod ste +. 121,000 Us a Bornemau says thot the softest Bessemer stcel is at lenst as strong ns the best Swedish chain irnn, nnd its strength increases with the per centage of carhon to one per cent., when it is equal to about double tho strength of tho best chain iron. Experimeuts recently made in Sheffield, Englund, with various kinds of steel, show that the absolute strength of ony steel increases ns ths carhon increnses, till it renches 1.25 per cont., altor which it rapidly decreases in strength, ‘These experiments have shown that steel with 0.63 to 0.95 per cent. of enrhon, is ot least fifty per cent. stronger thon wrouglit iron, Such steel is especially adapted for machinery of all kinds, since it is not mnde erystalline by repented jars, nsis the cass with wrouglit iron. In working Bessemer steel, two quolities ors observabls, which distinguish it from wrought iron; first, it is completely clear of slag, ond second, it mny be welded at a mnch lower tsmperoture. When rolled or hommered this stsel is completely homogeneous. The rough ingots sometimes have hubhlesin them ; hut siuee the walls of these huhhles are entirely elear of oxids or slng, they weld together under the rolls or the hammer so thoroughly, thot when the har is broken not the slightest trace of them can be found. It may not be improper, in tbis eonaection to state that the quality of ths Lake Superior iron is coneeded to be superior to nny iron in the world, ns is shown hy the followiag analysis, giving the strength per sqnore incb in pounds: Salisbury, Conn., iron. ..ceeeeseeeaes oeeneaees Swedish (best). English ,cuble. Center Co , Pu Essex Co,, N. Lancaster Co., Pa. Com. English and A: Lake Superior «58,000 1.58, 134 «59,105 59,400 50,950 76,969 30,000 + «80,582 A. Triumen or Serence.—As an evidenee of the eapneity of seienee to penetrate even to the most minute of tho operztions of nature, the late diseoveries with regard to the nature of hlood niay be most appropriately referred to. Human science has brougbt to the knowledge of man the fnet that the liquid portion of the blood is colorless, and that its red appearance is due to the presence of inaumerahle little hodies floating in it, which are so small that three millions of them are contained in a drop whieh may he suspeaded on the point of a needle! The microscope has sbown us that these minute bodies are corpuseles or sacs filled with n compound substance, and it bns been ascertained what both the film of the saca and its eontents are composed of. Waeh one of.these littls hodies has its owu life. They are formed and grow and die; and it is caleulated that nearly twenty millions perish at every polsation of the beart! The revelations of tbe mieroseope have, of late, led us to hesitate as to which should most challenge our wonder and admiration; tbe magnificent and grand, or the minute and mieroscopic, among the wonderful works of the Creator. Firrino tHe Journars To BaLance WHEELS. A balanee wheel which it is neeessary to take off from its journal, should have its hnb bored out and the hole made tapering. The journal should have a eorresponding taper, and a nut on the end for securing the wheel, iastead of a key fitting a slot. ‘Ibe taper should corres-’ pond with the hole, aad shonld not he more than one-eighth of an inch in the diameter of tbe bub. Yrst vor ‘Teunvrica ix Mixgrais, Ete. The ordiuary hlow-pipe test for tellurium, in which a sublimate is obtained witch melts to colorless drops of oxids of tellurinm, ts not ulwoys sufficiently delicate. Drof. Kobell, therefore, recommends heating the powdered substance with concentrated sulphuric ncid. When tho reaction first commenees the ncid becomes red, but whei the heat is increased this cotor ilisappears. On the additien of water to ths red liquid, o bluckish-gray precipitate of tellurinm is prodneed, and tbe liquid becomes colorless. Nagyngite nnd bintterertz do not give the red color, but a tarbid brown liquid whieh alter stauding some time uppears hyaciuth red, nud gives the gray precipitato with wuter. A New Gonp Srvarator—aA gentlemon of this city, ns contrived n new method of sepntoting gold from the dust, by whnt we infer to bs n dry process. It is deseribed ns follows: It is made up of n scries of sieves, of the sams size hut of graduated opertures, which nore moved with a semi-circular motioa, ono ubove ths other, and ore so arrauged ns to save the gold, from tho coarsest lump tn tho finest particle. Tho extroocous motter is sepnrated nnd thrown out, and ths gold is saved at the hottom of the series of sieves. Tne Vorrare Prue—Rewarp ror Exrenpino ITs AppLication.—Onr Poris correspondent informs us, says an exchnnge, that the Corps Legislative has just adopted the following projected low : ’ Arr. 1.—A prize of 50,000 frones to be awnorded to the author of the discovsry which will render the Voltnic Pile npplicabls witb economy to the following purposes: To iadustry nsn source of heat, to illuminnting purposes, to chemistry, to mechanics, and to procticnl medicine. The rules to be ndopted for ths conditions nnd the judgment of ths said competiton will he determined by n decree. Arr. Z.—In onse that no prize shall have heen awarded at the period fixed hy the ahove article, the competition can he prorouged, by a decree of the Emperor, for a new period of five yenrs. Snartino.—Whsn long lines of shnfting eommunieate power, they spring and huckle grently when the work is variahle. The twisting strain tends to wreneh the shnft asunder, and causes the machiaery to run enevenly. This is often a source of great loss, and ths remedy is to put a moderately heavy fly-wheel on the extromity of the shaft, near the hanger, This equalizes the power, so thot no ebauge is perceptible, and hns heen successfully tried in ssveral large cotton faetories. Puatinoum, being a soft metal, is not fit to receive a sharp edge for any practical purposo, exeept whea subjeeted to a voltaie eurrent, which instantly imparts to it a hord temper, similar to that of steel; but this hardaess censes witb the current that produced it. At a, white heat (1,500° centigrade), produced by electricity, n platinum blade will cut the flesb through in an instant, and its aetios may he regulated at present by modifying the temperature. Tuere ig now a pretty little -steamor on the Thamss whieh rans ten miles an hour without pnoddle-wheel or screw. Shs takes in water well forward, and expels it aft under each quarter, and ean steer witbout her rudder, and can stop in less than her length when going at full speed. Recent experiments eonducted hy the Government of Franee, show tbat the water-tanks on board ship a should be coated inside with tin, and not with galvanized iron, us at present. It was discovered that the water, under certain various conditions, dissolved the zine off tbs irou, ond rendered it iujurious to healtb. Iron Oar has been discovered at Groton, Conn., which yields 75 per cent. of pure iron. The veia, at the point of discovery was two feet wide, but increases to a width of seven feet, with an average thickness of eleven or twelvo inehes. Awnorser Caxirornia Invention.—Mr. L, H. Wooley, of this eity, has made an nlleged improvement on the eommon bridle, having for its design the more easy management of unruly horses. Corron Iv Barrets—Dr. Hutehinson, of Mohile, has adopted a plan of paeking cotton in harrels, whieb the Mobile Tribune approves, as one caleulated to save at least ten per eent. in cust over the usual mode, besidés greatly lesseaiag the expease of freight. American Giass.—It is stated that ia the produetion of glass for aebromatic lensss, tbe Americau glass makers beat the world.

The lining and 387 mill process in San Francisco as a teat, which yielded nhout nine dollars to the ton, ta gold ond silver—the latter preponderatioz —and that different nssay3 lrom the same had ran lrom $15.50 tn $45 per ton. On the ravine a short distouce below the Colfux, Sutton & Bro. had just completed no sinall nrastra for ths purpose of crushing the rock from their elaim, tho porticulurs in regnrd to which I did not leurn. Crnssing the hill a few hundred yards to the north in company with Mr. P, MeMahon, the secretary of the WOODSTOCK, Who had kindly tendered his services to show ine the different claims of this new and promising district, ] soon reached the shaft of the company. It started on two sinnll veins, whieh, yraduatly widening, had come tugether nt the dept of twelve feet, nmking n width of lode at thirty-eight feet iu depth of not leas than six fect. No assay had been made of the rock, but a good prospect hod been obtained in the haml-mortar io ths form ol free gold. As the quartz is of a: bluish color, und similur in texture und in other respects to thut of tho Colfax and La Payette, it probably contains olso a good proportion of silver. Tho Woodstock consists of 1,800 feet, ond is owned hy Mr. MeMohon and other citizens of Colfax. Not far froin this, nud a shart distance to thn east, is i TNE RISING SUN, Which, like its great namesake, has on opparent course nt present from the enst to the west. with quartz of a yellowish line, contuining free gold, nd well distributed throngh the vein. The company, made up ol Messrs. Colemun, Neff nnd others, lay claim to some 3,000 feet, and have sunk a shaft to the depth of sixty foet ou their lode. I was informed by ons of the compnny that the vein bad an overage thickness of twenty-two inches. Sixteen tous of the ore was recently worked at the Tisusting Lill mill, in thé neighborhood of Grass Vulley, which crushed at the rate of $27.27 per ton, niostly gold, I belicve, and running 907 fine. A lew months mors will prohably dsvelop many interesting facts concerning the mines of this viciuity, of which you will be duly informed. In the menntime, I remain ns ever, our Prosrectoa. Colfox, June 6, 1866. {[Wrlien for the Minteg aud Sclentific Press,] The Auriferous Gravel Deposits, Enrrors Press: “Is it possible for those oncient ouriferous gravel beds, situated along the western flouks of the Sierra Nevadn, to be intersected hy metalliferous quortz veins?” I believe geologists do not claim to know the exnect oge of metallic veins and ouriferous deposits, and I bope yon will pardon me if I should vot consider the ahove question finally disposed of. I am at a loss to understand how you should infer that I helieve the gravol aud cement deposits situated high np on the sides of the Sierra Nevada, and extending from the Feather to the Merced river, ure of no more ancient formation than the tertiary period. When Prof. Whitney avers he has found quartz veins intersectiag a formation eontaining mullusca, belonging to the erctaceous or even a mueh later period, I enn readily aceept it ns truth; but if he or nny other mnn jumps to the conelusion that those ancient gravel deposits, above referred to, are of ns recent formation as the cretaeeous period, he may find there are things he does not dream of in his philosophy. While writing a communicatiou, which appeared in the coluinns of ths Passs, under the title of “ Age and Formation of Igncous Rocks,’ I did have n sort ol n genernl idea that no auriferous ores found their woy+o the surface earlier than the new . red sandstone period, and that eonsequently tbe nuriferous gravel deposits niust have heen of suhsequent formation. My object in writing the nbove mentioaed paper was two fold; first, to sbow that the earth’s crust had become solid to a greater depth than the metalliferous stratuin ; and secondly, to show what loose idens scieutifie men geperally have of the formation of igneous rocks, when such scholars as Dr. Jackson are left to iafer, that the moltea interior of our globe must be of a metallie nature, because, at ordiuary temperatures, most metals ars more dense than any known rock; forgetting that metals expnnd more rapidly than earths at an inereased temperature! And the readars of that paper will observo, too, that ouly suel: frets were used as have been hefore the world in standard works for years. Sinee writing that paper, I have acquired new faets, and bave better digested sucb faets as were tben in my possessioa, nnd conse“qnently hove more definite idens of the age of aly? auriferons ore (and deposits) ond tho manner of their being bronght to the sorface, and have heen led to tho unavoidably oonelusion that these ancient gravel und cement deposits were formed wtuch earlier than the new red sand: stono period. Tam very mach interested in the deseription of the formation of ‘Table mountain, by J. A. Jennings, and with him believe "it opens to us nit interestivg chopterim geologicol history.” If the lava, that forms the muss of the mon tain, was of sufficient Huidity to follow a river channel twenty or thirty mies, it must, at the time of its tormiution, have been level from bank to bunk, or in an ensterly or westerly direetion. Does the surfiee of the monntiin dip in a westerly direction? If so, by deter. inining tho angle, the method of ascertnining how mneh tho mountai has been uphenved since its forniation, would readily preseut itself to the mind nl the mathemnticinn. oo JEL + em oe {Writiva for the Mining and Sclentiile I'ress.] From Sierra County, Epirors Press: This onee flourishing mining town, by fire ond deereaso in the vuluo of lines hng gone down somewhat ; but there are still some good diggings here yet. ‘Tho Young America claim, on a gmvel dsposit, has a tunne] 1,600 feet long, penetrating the hill in a southeast direction, which developed a good preying condition. Tor four yenrs it hns been coustnutly yisldiug on nvernge of six dollars per man, daily. ‘I hs tunnel was run at n cost of nbout two dollars per foot. Mr. H. Holling ig the superintendent ond one of ths priacipnl owner's. : THE LEE CREEK DIGGINGS, Below Forest City, consists of a small eloim, but yielding from five to ten dollnrs to the moo per dny. I’or ten yenrs it has heen a constnot thiag, and hog preserved its value, while many otber lorger ond ot times more valuable mines bave run out. Itis owued by Mr. Charles Lee nnd son, two of the oldest residents of this place. The Live Yankee, nt one time so fabulously rich, has lailed to give ont itsimmense wealth, and at present, is worked at only enough to pay wages. It is estimated that $1,000,000 hus heen taken from this mine in the past. Ww. Forest City, June 5, 1866. + oe se Cantente Disrrict.—Lditors Press; Your correspondent “ D.,” iu writing nbout the Clear Creek mines, must havo been misinformed nbout the Caliente district. he district is noz several years old, nor was the milt built several years ago. Tho distriet was organized last July, and ths mill was fiaished last Janunry only; and a misunderstanding betweeu the owners wos the cause of its stopping. It is now at work again, under Judge Walsh, formerly of Grass Valley, who speaks in the highest terms of the distriet. Several arastras have been at work there since January, getting from thirty-five to sixty dollars per ton from ths rock. ‘he advantages for working the ths Calients leads aro superior to those of any of the neighhoring districts, and the operations of Judze Walsh will sooa prove its value. Professor Blake is how visiting those mines, and we may soon eujoy dis opinioa as to the Clear Creek mining region. When the leads in that region shnll he well opened, they will diselose wonderful wenlth. Give them hut hall the developmeut that Grass Valley now enjoys, and they will present unequalled attractions to mea of means. The great want is waut of means, but they will soon he supplied. June, 1866. ' D. —— aecepts the correction with thanks. A Worp ror Lirtte Girts.—Who is loveIt is the little girl who drops sweet words, kind remarks and pleasaat smiles as she passes along ; who has a kind word of sympathy for every girl or boy she meets in trouble, aad a kind hand to belp her companions out of difficulty ; who never scolds, aever contends, uever teases her mother, nor seeks in any wny to diminish, but always to inerease her happiaess. Would it not pleaso you to pick np a striag of pearls, drops of gold, diamonds or preeious stones, which ean never be lost? ‘ake the hand of the friendless, smile ou the sad nnd dejeeted, sympathize with those in trouhle, strive everywhere to diffuse around you sunshine and joy. If you do this you will he sure to be beloved. Tur majority of the Teachers in the Department seem to favor opening the Sehools at 9 o’clock a. u. instead of 10. Scientific Lress. Mechanical.

Bessemer Steel—Lake Superior Iron, Various experiments made to determine the tenacity of Bessemer stecl, have shown that white wronght iron will bear from 40,000 to 60,000 pounds per squnre inch, and the best comnion stecl 93,000 to 124,000 ponnds, Bessemer steel will resist on pressure nbout twice that of wronght iron, and nearly os much ns the best east steel. Four experiments with Bessemer steel, as compared with the best coinmon steel, resulted as follows : Now 7 broky al. ccsee ns cesses 117,183 Ibs. per square Jncte Na wee T1Y,083 a as Nin att 234 & e Seat.. ‘Vat gat « “ Best commod ste +. 121,000 Us a Bornemau says thot the softest Bessemer stcel is at lenst as strong ns the best Swedish chain irnn, nnd its strength increases with the per centage of carhon to one per cent., when it is equal to about double tho strength of tho best chain iron. Experimeuts recently made in Sheffield, Englund, with various kinds of steel, show that the absolute strength of ony steel increases ns ths carhon increnses, till it renches 1.25 per cont., altor which it rapidly decreases in strength, ‘These experiments have shown that steel with 0.63 to 0.95 per cent. of enrhon, is ot least fifty per cent. stronger thon wrouglit iron, Such steel is especially adapted for machinery of all kinds, since it is not mnde erystalline by repented jars, nsis the cass with wrouglit iron. In working Bessemer steel, two quolities ors observabls, which distinguish it from wrought iron; first, it is completely clear of slag, ond second, it mny be welded at a mnch lower tsmperoture. When rolled or hommered this stsel is completely homogeneous. The rough ingots sometimes have hubhlesin them ; hut siuee the walls of these huhhles are entirely elear of oxids or slng, they weld together under the rolls or the hammer so thoroughly, thot when the har is broken not the slightest trace of them can be found. It may not be improper, in tbis eonaection to state that the quality of ths Lake Superior iron is coneeded to be superior to nny iron in the world, ns is shown hy the followiag analysis, giving the strength per sqnore incb in pounds: Salisbury, Conn., iron. ...ceeeeseeeaes oeeneaees Swedish (best).. English ,cuble.. Center Co , Pu Essex Co,, N. Lancaster Co., Pa.. Com. English and A: Lake Superior «58,000 1.58, 134 «59,105 59,400 50,950 76,969 30,000 + «80,582 A. Triumen or Serence.—As an evidenee of the eapneity of seienee to penetrate even to the most minute of tho operztions of nature, the late diseoveries with regard to the nature of hlood niay be most appropriately referred to. Human science has brougbt to the knowledge of man the fnet that the liquid portion of the blood is colorless, and that its red appearance is due to the presence of inaumerahle little hodies floating in it, which are so small that three millions of them are contained in a drop whieh may he suspeaded on the point of a needle! The microscope has sbown us that these minute bodies are corpuseles or sacs filled with n compound substance, and it bns been ascertained what both the film of the saca and its eontents are composed of. Waeh one of.these littls hodies has its owu life. They are formed and grow and die; and it is caleulated that nearly twenty millions perish at every polsation of the beart! The revelations of tbe mieroseope have, of late, led us to hesitate as to which should most challenge our wonder and admiration; tbe magnificent and grand, or the minute and mieroscopic, among the wonderful works of the Creator. Firrino tHe Journars To BaLance WHEELS. A balanee wheel which it is neeessary to take off from its journal, should have its hnb bored out and the hole made tapering. The journal should have a eorresponding taper, and a nut on the end for securing the wheel, iastead of a key fitting a slot. ‘Ibe taper should corres-’ pond with the hole, aad shonld not he more than one-eighth of an inch in the diameter of tbe bub. Yrst vor ‘Teunvrica ix Mixgrais, Ete. The ordiuary hlow-pipe test for tellurium, in which a sublimate is obtained witch melts to colorless drops of oxids of tellurinm, ts not ulwoys sufficiently delicate. Drof. Kobell, therefore, recommends heating the powdered substance with concentrated sulphuric ncid. When tho reaction first commenees the ncid becomes red, but whei the heat is increased this cotor ilisappears. On the additien of water to ths red liquid, o bluckish-gray precipitate of tellurinm is prodneed, and tbe liquid becomes colorless. Nagyngite nnd bintterertz do not give the red color, but a tarbid brown liquid whieh alter stauding some time uppears hyaciuth red, nud gives the gray precipitato with wuter. A New Gonp Srvarator—aA gentlemon of this city, ns contrived n new method of sepntoting gold from the dust, by whnt we infer to bs n dry process. It is deseribed ns follows: It is made up of n scries of sieves, of the sams size hut of graduated opertures, which nore moved with a semi-circular motioa, ono ubove ths other, and ore so arrauged ns to save the gold, from tho coarsest lump tn tho finest particle. Tho extroocous motter is sepnrated nnd thrown out, and ths gold is saved at the hottom of the series of sieves. Tne Vorrare Prue—Rewarp ror Exrenpino ITs AppLication.—Onr Poris correspondent informs us, says an exchnnge, that the Corps Legislative has just adopted the following projected low : ’ Arr. 1.—A prize of 50,000 frones to be awnorded to the author of the discovsry which will render the Voltnic Pile npplicabls witb economy to the following purposes: To iadustry nsn source of heat, to illuminnting purposes, to chemistry, to mechanics, and to procticnl medicine. The rules to be ndopted for ths conditions nnd the judgment of ths said competiton will he determined by n decree. Arr. Z.—In onse that no prize shall have heen awarded at the period fixed hy the ahove article, the competition can he prorouged, by a decree of the Emperor, for a new period of five yenrs. Snartino.—Whsn long lines of shnfting eommunieate power, they spring and huckle grently when the work is variahle. The twisting strain tends to wreneh the shnft asunder, and causes the machiaery to run enevenly. This is often a source of great loss, and ths remedy is to put a moderately heavy fly-wheel on the extromity of the shaft, near the hanger, This equalizes the power, so thot no ebauge is perceptible, and hns heen successfully tried in ssveral large cotton faetories. Puatinoum, being a soft metal, is not fit to receive a sharp edge for any practical purposo, exeept whea subjeeted to a voltaie eurrent, which instantly imparts to it a hord temper, similar to that of steel; but this hardaess censes witb the current that produced it. At a, white heat (1,500° centigrade), produced by electricity, n platinum blade will cut the flesb through in an instant, and its aetios may he regulated at present by modifying the temperature. Tuere ig now a pretty little -steamor on the Thamss whieh rans ten miles an hour without pnoddle-wheel or screw. Shs takes in water well forward, and expels it aft under each quarter, and ean steer witbout her rudder, and can stop in less than her length when going at full speed. Recent experiments eonducted hy the Government of Franee, show tbat the water-tanks on board ship a should be coated inside with tin, and not with galvanized iron, us at present. It was discovered that the water, under certain various conditions, dissolved the zine off tbs irou, ond rendered it iujurious to healtb. Iron Oar has been discovered at Groton, Conn., which yields 75 per cent. of pure iron. The veia, at the point of discovery was two feet wide, but increases to a width of seven feet, with an average thickness of eleven or twelvo inehes. Awnorser Caxirornia Invention.—Mr. L, H. Wooley, of this eity, has made an nlleged improvement on the eommon bridle, having for its design the more easy management of unruly horses. Corron Iv Barrets—Dr. Hutehinson, of Mohile, has adopted a plan of paeking cotton in harrels, whieb the Mobile Tribune approves, as one caleulated to save at least ten per eent. in cust over the usual mode, besidés greatly lesseaiag the expease of freight. American Giass.—It is stated that ia the produetion of glass for aebromatic lensss, tbe Americau glass makers beat the world.