Volume 12 (1866) (428 pages)

52 The Mining and Scientific Bree, SALES OF THE WEEK BY THE 8. F. STOCK & EXQOHANCE BOARD, Monday, January 22. AFTERNOON SESSION. 27 sbs Yellow Jacket at 377}@327% per ft. 14 shs Yellow Jacket at 880@410 per ft, 8 30. 7shs Yellow Jackot at 420@427, 33. S$ sbs Yellow Jacket at 425 per foot, b 10. 6 shs Yellow Jackot at 420@425 per ft, b 5. isb Yellow Jacket at 430 per foot, b 30. 1sh Yeliow Jacket at 415 per foot, 810, lsh Yellow Jacket at 426 per foot, b 5. 2shs Savage at 660 per foot, 5 30. 4shs Savage at 680@690 per foot, b 30, 2shs Savage at 680@685 per cent. lsh Savage at 690 per foot, 93. Ish Savage at 685 per foot, b5. 10 shs Haie & Norcross at 318@312}4 per ft. 2shs Hale & Norcross at 315 por foot, s3 12 shs Ophir at 825 per foot, 33. 60 shs Daney at § per share. 2 shs Chollar-Potosl at 227 per foot,5shs Overman at 38 per foot, 5 3. 7shs Overman at 39 per foot. 5 shs Imperial at 110 pershare. 10 slis Bullion at 32 per share. 5 shs Builion at 3134 per share, b 2. 75 shs Flreman’s Fund at 12234 per share. $10,000 Legal Tender Notes at 7i3ge.$5,000 Legal Tender Notes at 713ze, b10. $5,000 Legal Tender Notes at 713ge, b 5. $10,000 Legal Tendor Notes at 714, b3. Amount of sales.. sevcceees D121,682 OO Tuesday, January 23. 12she Ophir at 825 per foot,{s 3. 12she Opbir at 325 per foot. 10 shs Haie & Norcross at 315 per foot, s 3. 16 shs Hale & Norecass at 220@230 per foot. 2shs Hale & Norcross at 325 per foot, b 3. 80 shs Daney at 7 per foot. 2 she Beicher at 190 per toot. 6sbs Yellow Jacket at 410@400 per foot. 4shs Yoliow Jacket at 410@105 per tt, bh3. 14 shs Yellow Jacket at 400@405 per sh, s 3. Ish Yeliow Jacket at 400 per foot, s 5. lsh Yellow Jacket at 395 per foot, 910. lsh Yetlow Jacket at 405 per foot, b 12. 16 shs Yoliow Jacket at'395@390 per ft, 8 30. 8 shs Alpha, G. H. at 290@300 per ft. 12shs Chollar-Potosi at 22834@231 per foot. 19 shs Choiiar-Potosi at 223 per foot, b 30. 4shs Crown Point at 570 per foot, 5 30. 4shs Crown Polnt at 580 per foot, 2 sbs Savage at 680@690 per foot, 5 1S 5shs Savage at 690@695 per foot. 4shs Savage at 700 per foot, b 30. 4shs Gould & Curry at 835 per foot. 75 shs Imperiai at 111@11334 per share. 60shs Imperial at 110@109 per share, 5 30. 10 shsImperiai at 113 per share, b3. & shs Imperial at 113 por share, s 3. 25shs Sierra Nevada at7¥4 per share. 180 shs Exehequer at 6 per share. 50 she Lady Bryan at 134@t34 per share, £0) shs Spring Valley W Co at 57@56% p, c. 2shs Cal Steam Nav Co at 6] per cent, 5 69, 5,500 U. S. 7-30 Bonds at 7134 per eent. $29,200 Legai Tender Notes at 713Z@713i0. $5,000 Legal Tender Noies at 714e, b 3. AFTERNOON SESSION. 2shs Haie & Noreross at 320 per foot, b 3. 6shs Hale & Noreross at 330@335, b 3. 2shs Hall & Noreross at 35734 per foot. 4shs Hale & Noreross at 355 per foot. 2shs Hale & Noreross at 35234 per foot. 2shs Haio & Noreross at 35234 per ft, b 3. 38 shs Hale & Norcross at 350 per foot. 2sha Hale & Norcross at 545 per foot. lsh Yellow Jacket at 405@4923¢ per ft, b &, 2ahs Yellow Jacket at 40234 per foor. 7 sha Yollow Jacket at 408 per foot, s 3. lsh Yellow Jacket at 403 per foot, b 3. 4shs Yollow Jacket at 395 per foot, 3 10, lsh Yellow Jacket at 404 per foot. 8&shs Gouid & Curry at 825 per foot, 11 shs Choliar-Potosi at 231 per foot, 53. 1sb Savago at 700 per foot, b 30. 4shs Savage at 680 per foot. s 30. 2she avage it 695 per foot, 12shs Ophir at 335 per foot. 40 shs Daney at 744 per foot. 40 shs Daney at 8 per foot. 80 shs Daney at 84 per foot, 20 shs Dancy at $ per share. 15 shs Ovorman at 40 per foot. ishs Imperial at 113 per share. 15 sbs Imperial at 114 per share. 5 shs Imperini at lid per share, 53, 9’shs Imperia} gt 115 per share. 25 sha Imperial at 112 per share, s 30. 8shsImperlai at 116 per share, 5sbhs Imperial at 113 por share, $30. 4shs Imporial at 11634 per share. 15 shs Im periai at 114 per share, s 30, & shs Imporial at 117 per sharo. 2 she Impcrial at 118 per share. 10 shs Imperial at117@118 pershare, b 5. & shs Imperial at ]17 per share, s 3. 10 shs Imperial at 1175¢ per share, 83. 5shs Imperial atild per share, 520. 10 shs Imperial at 111 per share, s 30. 10384 shs Exchequer at 514 por sbare. lsh Bullion at 22 per share. &shs Bullion at 33 per share. $ 2,000 Legal Tender Notes at 7i}{o. $10,000 National Bank Notes at 70340. Amount of sales + «$163,248 00 Wednesday, January 24. 4sbsGould & Curry at 820 per ft. 93. 8 shs Gould & Curry at 820 per foot. AshsGould & Curry at 8i0 per foot, 5 80. 15 shs Savage at 710@680 por foot. §Sshs Savage at 710@715 per foot, b 30. lsh Savage at 700 per foot, a 30. lsh Savage at 710 per foot, b &. 2shs Savage at 705 pcr foot, 33. 2shs Hale & Norcross at 370 per foot, b 10, 20 shs Hale & Noreross at 355@376 per ft. lishs Hale & Noreross at 360@375, 8 3. 5shs Yellow Jacket at 405 per foot, b 8. 4shs Yeliow Jacket at 400@38U per ft, 38. 13 shs Yellow Jacket at 355@385 per foot. 1 she Yellow Jacket at 380 per foot, 5 20. 7 abs Yellow Jacket at 380@575 per ft, a 10, . I. ROWELL, M. D., FROM THE OFFICIAL EEPORTS Of the Fifth Andustrial Exhibition! Of the Mechanics’ Institute, San Francisco, 1865. [Just Issued—Mining and Seicntlfic Press Book and Joh Office.] [Continued from Page 37.] 4 ON ESSENTIAL OIL EXTRACTOR. Committee: R. BEVERLY COLE, M.D., WM. H. KEITH, Essential Oil Extractor, exhibited by V. Squarza, patentee. This is a machine . of California invention, well worthy of consideration, from the fact that it extracts tbe oil from lemons, oranges and other fruits, in great purity and without injury to the fruit. u The great demand for these oils will, no doubt, be much more promptly and cheaply met wben this invention.sball have found its way into generaluse. An inspection of this machine exhibits distinctly the thoroughness of Mr. Squarza’s knowledge of the subject and his great ingenuity in its practical application. This heing undeniably a Californian invention of great, promise, the Committee conceive it worthy, in an eminent degrees, of special consideration. Descerirrion or Or, Exrracror.—Tbe hody or frame work of this machine consists of several compartments, the one within another, with spaces betwcen. These compartments may he described as hexagonal hoxes, equal in length but differing in diameter. The whole is arranged to’ he suspended on pivots, and rotated hy a power which operates upon an axis perpendicular to the hexagonal sides of the machine. The inncrmost and smallest of the two boxes or compartments has an orifice at its smaller end, hy which the fruit to he used is passed into the machine by means of a feeding pipe. Tbe diameter of the first and interior box increases towards the extremity opposite that where the fruit enters, so that when tbe eoncentric, hexagonal boxes are rotated, (heing bung upon a horizontal axis), there will be a gradual downward inclination of the under-side of the box from the end where the fruit is admitted to the opposite end. This inclination is sufficient to cause the fruit to fiud its way—as the machine is slowly rotated—to the Jarger end, where there is an apperture opening into the second hox or compartment, exterior to the first. This second compartment has its greatest diameter at the end opposite that at which it receives the fruit from the first and, consequently, at tbe end where the first compartment has its least diameter. Tus, the fruit, passing from the larger end of tho innermost hox into the smaller eud of the second one, is carried by the inclination of the latter, towards the larger end, being the same from which it started in the first. Here it finds its way through another apperture into tho smaller end of the third and outer compartment, which, in its turn, enlarges in the opposite direction, causing the fruit to roll once more towards the larger end. Tach of the boxes or compartments has its inner side covered with projecting steel points, set at regular intcrvals. By means of a double vover to the boxes, the steel points being set in the outer cover and projecting through appertures in the inner one, the length to which tho points protrude on the inside of the boxes can be increased or diminished at pleasure, being regulated by screws, which separate or draw together the double covers, as may he desired. ho steel points are designed to perforate the rind of the fruit and thoroughly break up the cells containing the essential oil, which is thus set free. Tho mode in which the machine operates is as follows: The fruit passing into the innermost compartment, while the machine is slowly revolving, rolls over the steol points and gradually reaches the larger end, where it passes into the sacred compartment and then, hy a reverso process reaches the third, where it again rolls to the larger end. Here there is an arrangement of small hoxes, opening directly opposite a passage into the inner compartment, by whieh the fruit is caught and thrown hack into tho said inner aompartment, so that the process can he repeated as often as may be neccessary. The motion of the fruit over the steel points perforate the rind throughout its whole extent, and more thoroughly disintegrates the cells than ean he dono by any otber process in use. When it is supposed that the fruit has been long enough in the machine to have all the essential oil extracted, a sliding door near the larger end of the yuter hox or compartment is opened, through which tbe fruit gradually falls into a recepticle prepared for it— Awarded a silver medal. ba ON WINES, LIQUORS, AND MALT BEVERAGES. The extent of the grape culture in California, at the present time, is said to exceed that of all the rest of the States combined; and the production of wine and hrandy, especially that of the former, is increasing so rapidly that it hids fair soon to drivo all foreign competition from this market. In almost all parts of the State the soil is suitable for the successful cultivation of the vine, while, for the maturing of the fruit and making of wine, the climate has no superior. Under tbe auspices of the Catholic missionaries who first settled in California, the vine and olives of Spain were introduced at the various missions, and tbe former soon became a common fruit throughout the country, wherever the white man made his home. Comparatively large quantities of wine and hrandy were made at the various missions, but the demand being limited to the domestie consumption, no encouragement, as in commercial countries, stimulated the production beyond thé ordinary wants of the coast. With the diseovery of gold in 1848, the great infiux of white population rapidly increased tbe demand for wine, and enhanced its value as a product so that the vineyards then planted became exceedingly profitable to their owners, who, thus encouraged, engaged still more largely in the cultivation of the grape. As the wine won fayor among consumers, the new settlers in the State became aware of its great value as a product, and soon citizens, natives of all countries, were interested in grape culture, until, at the present time, the vines producing fruit number many millions, soon to be doubled by others now planted, but not yet in a hearing state. Next to the raising of small grain for food purposes, wine-making is now the most profitable agricultural resouree we possess, and unless a large accession of population, engaged in other agricultural pursuits, should soon be made, the increase in the number of hearing vines and their fruit, will make it take the lead among the prodncts of the State. Under these circumstances, the exportation of wines and brandies to the Atlantic States, and other markets, must eventually hecome very large, and itis expected that the quality of both shall be of such excellence and purity as to defy competition from abroad. The samples of wines and hrandies in the Fair were by no means of that extent that the importance of the interest called for, and it is to be hoped that, when anotber similar opportunity offers, wino makers, generally, will find it to their interest to make such a display of their vintages to the public as shall properly represent so vast and growing an interest of the State. To make up, however, as.it were, for the lack in the numher of samples, the wines exhibited this ycar were, with very few exceptions, superior in quality, as a collection, to any before exhibited, ON WINES, CORDIALS, ETC. Committee : J. J, HARKNESS, 8. P. CHRISTY, JAMES IRWIN. Tokay Wine, exhibited by John Sweet, was awarded a first premium. Port Wine, exhibited hy James McCaffrey, was awarded a first preminm.White Wine, exhibited by the “ United Anaheim Association,”~—Awarded a first premium, Red Wine, exhibited by Isaac B , was awarded a first preminm. Pure Juice of the Grape, exhibited by S. Brannan, was awarded a first preminm. Madeira Wine, exhibited by Mathew Keller, was awarded a first premium. Sherry Wine, exhibited by Mathew Keller, was awarded a first premium. Angelica Wine, exhibited by B. D. Wilson & Son, was awarded a first premium. Burgundy Wine, exhibited hy B. D. Wilson & Son, was awarded a first premium. Wine Bitters, exhibited hy Mathew Keller, was awarded a first premium. Whisky Bitters, exhibited by I. D. Thompson, was awarded a first premium. California Brandy, by B. D. Wilson & Son.—Awarded a first premium. In awarding premiums to the above, the Committee would especially recommend the producer of port wine for furnishing a remarkably superior quality of wine. ON LIQUORS, ALE, BEER, AND CIDER. Committee: 8. P. CHRISTIE, G.J. BYRNE, JAMES IRWIN, P. J. O'CONNOR. The Committee, having examined the various samples of Bourbon and rye whiskies exhibited in the Fair, award the first premium to I. D. Thompson, for the best Bourbon whisky, known as the “lily” brand. Tbe Committee also award a first preminm to J. Sajous, for the best California brewed “ half-and-half.” ON COMPOUNDS AND CALIFORNIA INVENTIONS. Committee ¢ I. ROWELL, M.D., . 8. BEVERLY COLE, M.D., WM. H. KEITH. The liquors, punches, tonic bitters, cordials, &c., prepared by V. Squarza, are, without, exception, the finest article in thcir line the Committee haye ever examined. All of Mr. Squarza’s preparations have these great merits over other compounds of a similar character ; ; 1st. That none hut the best and purest liquors are used. 2d. That no sngar, syrup, or sweetening principle is ever used, except that obtained hy the maceration of sweet fruits, hence the nutricious principles contained in the fruits are also imparted to the “ punches.” 7 3d. That the flavoring materiais aro also obtained by macerating the varions fruits, flowers, plants, and herhs which contain them, instead of using the ordinary expressed essential oils, : The great skill of Mr. Squarza consists in his ability to blend harmoniously, and in duo proportion, the various materials used, so that there are none wanting and none in excess. Some of his preparations are medicinal, and deserve especial and favorable mention. “ Selene,” a cordial, as its name would indicate, is a ladies’ drink, and, no doubt, will be fonnd as beneficial as it is agreeable. “ Aurora” is a most delightful tonic bitter, infinitely more agreeable and healthy than those villainous compounds usnally taken as an appetizer in the morning. The “ Raspberry Cordial” contains the astringent principle of that plant in a marked degree, while it has all the agreeable flavor of the fresh, ripe fruit. It is an excellent articlé for the summer complaints of ehildren. The “ Tea,” “ Coffee,” “ Cocoa,” “ Anti-Divorce,” “ Ladies’ Pleasure,” “ Ladies’ Tears,” and “ Strawberry Cordial” are all most delightful beverages, from which it would be difficult to select one in preference to another. The harmonious blending of eolors please the eye; the scientifie distillation and admixture of the perfumes ofsweet flowers please tbe sense of smell ; and the harmonized sounds of music fall npon the ear and delight tbe sense of hearing. The same law holds good in regard to a combination of different flavors to please tbe palate, and Mr. Squarza has, doubtless, struck an octave higher than any one elso in his laying upon the “ organ of taste.” The Committee, in view of these several facts, feel it incumbent upon them to commend tho claim of these preparations exhibited by Mr. V. Squarza, and, believing them to be the hest artieles of their kind extant, have no hesitation in recommending them for the highest prize—Awarded a diploma. ON SILK WORMS AND THE CULTURE OF SILK. Committee i HENRY F. WILLIAMS, * SAMUEL TYLER. The Committee on these subjeets have endeavored to perform the duty designated, but regret their inability to do full justice to the important trust confided to them. Their especial attention was called to the exhibition of silk-worms and cocoons, by L. Prevost of San José, who has, in tho opinion of tho Committee, most successfully demonstrated that California is one of the best, if not the very best silk producing country in tho world. They have learned to their own satisfaction, not only from those who know something of Mr. Provost’s operations in this line, hut, also, from personal observation during a visit to his cocoonery in San José, that Mr. Prevost is justly deserving of the highest premium the Institnte can award him, for the commendahlo zeal and perseverance he has exhibited under tho greatest difficultics, in successfully inaugurating this new branch of industry in our State. The demand, hoth for silk and silk-worm eggs, is so extensive and constantly increasing, that the husiness cannot he overdone, but its successful prosecution must, in time, give employment to many thousands of our peoplo, with a net profit of millions of dollars annually. Mr. Prevost’s Simple narrativo of his early efforts and drawbacks was exccedingly interesting to the Committee, and they induced him to commit to writing some of tbe leading facts, together with some remarks by Mr. Hentsch, which are hereby submitted, in tho hope that they may not he lost or forgotten. The Committee deem themselves not over sanguine of the great resnlts to flow from tbe introduction of this important branch of industry into our State, when the hope and believe the day is not far distant when a gratified pcople will, throug’ their Legislature, offer some public recognition of the services rendered hy Mr. Preyost.—A warded a gold medal. FACTS ON SILK IN CALIFORNIA.—NY L. PREVOST. After I had passed a summer in California, I eame to the eonclusion that it was one of the very best countries in the world for raising silk, as well as wine, etc., etc., but the difficulty was to obtain, first, mulberry trees, and, afterwards, silk-worm eggs. In 1863 or ’64. I had occasion to meet with Mr. Henry Hentsch, who had the same opinion of our beautiful climate, and its adaptability for silk cultivation, and he, himsolf, began a conversatiou ou that important subject. From that conversation was born the culture of silk in California. Mr. Hentsch imported the mulherry seed from France, from which I raised a numher of fino mulberry trees. Mr. Hentsch was informed as soon as the trees were of some size, and he made arrangements to import silk-worm eggs from China. They arrived here dead—it was impossible to hatch one of them. The following year he imported another lot from the same place, and with the same result. After this second attempt I was a little discouraged, finding tbat it was impossible to import the eggs in good condition, and expecting to bare, no use for my mulberry trees, I had the most of them destroyed, keeping only a few. he third year, Mr. Hentsch imported eggs again from the same place, and at the samo time, from France. I was then very sorry to have destroyed so many of my toulherry trees, as the eggs from France proved to he in good coadition, and hatched out very well. At that time I had a friend here, Mr. Miller, who was a competent silk cultivator, to whom I showed the eggs. He pronounced them good, and also agreed, for the first time, to help me, which he did. The worms did well, and produced fine cocoons of silk of the first quality, as I can prove hy certificates from the two highest silk societies in Hurope, to whom silk and silk cocoons had heen sent to be tested. Up to this time we have not been ahle to discover any indications of disease, which is most extraordinary; it must he the good influence of the climato of California operating as we expected. AsI had no other room for the purpose, Ihave been obliged to raise the worms in a green house, which was extremely hot in daytimo, and nearly freezing at night. Under such unfavorable circumstances, not one worm would have lived in Europe. Now, any thinking man can judge what success we might reasonably expect if we had a proper room in which to raise them. he first year I made silk was in 1860. I sent boqnets of cocoons and silk to about every fair all over our State; they attracted the attention of visitors, but I received no encouragement. On the contrary, I heard many say tbat this culture eould not be pursued profitably in California, on acconat of tho high price of labor. I was aware of the apparent truth of this before I attempted the production of silk, but I thought for this kind of labor Cbinese might be employed, who are used to the work, and, besides that, I knew that the price for buying tbree or four acrcs of land here does not exceed the price of renting one acre in Europe, where silk is raised in large quantities. This advantage, I expected, would more than componsate for the difference between tho price of labor in Europe, and Chinese labor here, because the silk grower in Europe has to deduct from his profits the rent of the land every year. But the question of labor is now fully settled, and silk can he raised in California with great profit. Calculating on tho great snperiority of our climate, I thought to try to take advantage of it, and I have succeeded in simplifying that culture even beyond my expectation. Oue man herocan raise and take eare of as many

52 The Mining and Scientific Bree, SALES OF THE WEEK BY THE 8. F. STOCK & EXQOHANCE BOARD, Monday, January 22. AFTERNOON SESSION. 27 sbs Yellow Jacket at 377}@327% per ft. 14 shs Yellow Jacket at 880@410 per ft, 8 30. 7shs Yellow Jackot at 420@427, 33. S$ sbs Yellow Jacket at 425 per foot, b 10. 6 shs Yellow Jackot at 420@425 per ft, b 5. isb Yellow Jacket at 430 per foot, b 30. 1sh Yeliow Jacket at 415 per foot, 810, lsh Yellow Jacket at 426 per foot, b 5. 2shs Savage at 660 per foot, 5 30. 4shs Savage at 680@690 per foot, b 30, 2shs Savage at 680@685 per cent. lsh Savage at 690 per foot, 93. Ish Savage at 685 per foot, b5. 10 shs Haie & Norcross at 318@312}4 per ft. 2shs Hale & Norcross at 315 por foot, s3 12 shs Ophir at 825 per foot, 33. 60 shs Daney at § per share. 2 shs Chollar-Potosl at 227 per foot,5shs Overman at 38 per foot, 5 3. 7shs Overman at 39 per foot. 5 shs Imperial at 110 pershare. 10 slis Bullion at 32 per share. 5 shs Builion at 3134 per share, b 2. 75 shs Flreman’s Fund at 12234 per share. $10,000 Legal Tender Notes at 7i3ge.$5,000 Legal Tender Notes at 713ze, b10. $5,000 Legal Tender Notes at 713ge, b 5. $10,000 Legal Tendor Notes at 714, b3. Amount of sales... sevcceees D121,682 OO Tuesday, January 23. 12she Ophir at 825 per foot,{s 3. 12she Opbir at 325 per foot. 10 shs Haie & Norcross at 315 per foot, s 3. 16 shs Hale & Norecass at 220@230 per foot. 2shs Hale & Norcross at 325 per foot, b 3. 80 shs Daney at 7 per foot. 2 she Beicher at 190 per toot. 6sbs Yellow Jacket at 410@400 per foot. 4shs Yoliow Jacket at 410@105 per tt, bh3. 14 shs Yellow Jacket at 400@405 per sh, s 3. Ish Yeliow Jacket at 400 per foot, s 5. lsh Yellow Jacket at 395 per foot, 910. lsh Yetlow Jacket at 405 per foot, b 12. 16 shs Yoliow Jacket at'395@390 per ft, 8 30. 8 shs Alpha, G. H. at 290@300 per ft. 12shs Chollar-Potosi at 22834@231 per foot. 19 shs Choiiar-Potosi at 223 per foot, b 30. 4shs Crown Point at 570 per foot, 5 30. 4shs Crown Polnt at 580 per foot, 2 sbs Savage at 680@690 per foot, 5 1S 5shs Savage at 690@695 per foot. 4shs Savage at 700 per foot, b 30. 4shs Gould & Curry at 835 per foot. 75 shs Imperiai at 111@11334 per share. 60shs Imperial at 110@109 per share, 5 30. 10 shsImperiai at 113 per share, b3. & shs Imperial at 113 por share, s 3. 25shs Sierra Nevada at7¥4 per share. 180 shs Exehequer at 6 per share. 50 she Lady Bryan at 134@t34 per share, £0) shs Spring Valley W Co at 57@56% p, c. 2shs Cal Steam Nav Co at 6] per cent, 5 69, 5,500 U. S. 7-30 Bonds at 7134 per eent. $29,200 Legai Tender Notes at 713Z@713i0. $5,000 Legal Tender Noies at 714e, b 3. AFTERNOON SESSION. 2shs Haie & Noreross at 320 per foot, b 3. 6shs Hale & Noreross at 330@335, b 3. 2shs Hall & Noreross at 35734 per foot. 4shs Hale & Noreross at 355 per foot. 2shs Hale & Noreross at 35234 per foot. 2shs Haio & Noreross at 35234 per ft, b 3. 38 shs Hale & Norcross at 350 per foot. 2sha Hale & Norcross at 545 per foot. lsh Yellow Jacket at 405@4923¢ per ft, b &, 2ahs Yellow Jacket at 40234 per foor. 7 sha Yollow Jacket at 408 per foot, s 3. lsh Yellow Jacket at 403 per foot, b 3. 4shs Yollow Jacket at 395 per foot, 3 10, lsh Yellow Jacket at 404 per foot. 8&shs Gouid & Curry at 825 per foot, 11 shs Choliar-Potosi at 231 per foot, 53. 1sb Savago at 700 per foot, b 30. 4shs Savage at 680 per foot. s 30. 2she avage it 695 per foot, 12shs Ophir at 335 per foot. 40 shs Daney at 744 per foot. 40 shs Daney at 8 per foot. 80 shs Daney at 84 per foot, 20 shs Dancy at $ per share. 15 shs Ovorman at 40 per foot. ishs Imperial at 113 per share. 15 sbs Imperial at 114 per share. 5 shs Imperini at lid per share, 53, 9’shs Imperia} gt 115 per share. 25 sha Imperial at 112 per share, s 30. 8shsImperlai at 116 per share, 5sbhs Imperial at 113 por share, $30. 4shs Imporial at 11634 per share. 15 shs Im periai at 114 per share, s 30, & shs Imporial at 117 per sharo. 2 she Impcrial at 118 per share. 10 shs Imperial at117@118 pershare, b 5. & shs Imperial at ]17 per share, s 3. 10 shs Imperial at 1175¢ per share, 83. 5shs Imperial atild per share, 520. 10 shs Imperial at 111 per share, s 30. 10384 shs Exchequer at 514 por sbare. lsh Bullion at 22 per share. &shs Bullion at 33 per share. $ 2,000 Legal Tender Notes at 7i}{o. $10,000 National Bank Notes at 70340. Amount of sales + «$163,248 00 Wednesday, January 24. 4sbsGould & Curry at 820 per ft. 93. 8 shs Gould & Curry at 820 per foot. AshsGould & Curry at 8i0 per foot, 5 80. 15 shs Savage at 710@680 por foot. §Sshs Savage at 710@715 per foot, b 30. lsh Savage at 700 per foot, a 30. lsh Savage at 710 per foot, b &. 2shs Savage at 705 pcr foot, 33. 2shs Hale & Norcross at 370 per foot, b 10, 20 shs Hale & Noreross at 355@376 per ft. lishs Hale & Noreross at 360@375, 8 3. 5shs Yellow Jacket at 405 per foot, b 8. 4shs Yeliow Jacket at 400@38U per ft, 38. 13 shs Yellow Jacket at 355@385 per foot. 1 she Yellow Jacket at 380 per foot, 5 20. 7 abs Yellow Jacket at 380@575 per ft, a 10, . I. ROWELL, M. D., FROM THE OFFICIAL EEPORTS Of the Fifth Andustrial Exhibition! Of the Mechanics’ Institute, San Francisco, 1865. [Just Issued—Mining and Seicntlfic Press Book and Joh Office.] [Continued from Page 37.] 4 ON ESSENTIAL OIL EXTRACTOR. Committee: R. BEVERLY COLE, M.D., WM. H. KEITH, Essential Oil Extractor, exhibited by V. Squarza, patentee. This is a machine . of California invention, well worthy of consideration, from the fact that it extracts tbe oil from lemons, oranges and other fruits, in great purity and without injury to the fruit. u The great demand for these oils will, no doubt, be much more promptly and cheaply met wben this invention.sball have found its way into generaluse. An inspection of this machine exhibits distinctly the thoroughness of Mr. Squarza’s knowledge of the subject and his great ingenuity in its practical application. This heing undeniably a Californian invention of great, promise, the Committee conceive it worthy, in an eminent degrees, of special consideration. Descerirrion or Or, Exrracror.—Tbe hody or frame work of this machine consists of several compartments, the one within another, with spaces betwcen. These compartments may he described as hexagonal hoxes, equal in length but differing in diameter. The whole is arranged to’ he suspended on pivots, and rotated hy a power which operates upon an axis perpendicular to the hexagonal sides of the machine. The inncrmost and smallest of the two boxes or compartments has an orifice at its smaller end, hy which the fruit to he used is passed into the machine by means of a feeding pipe. Tbe diameter of the first and interior box increases towards the extremity opposite that where the fruit enters, so that when tbe eoncentric, hexagonal boxes are rotated, (heing bung upon a horizontal axis), there will be a gradual downward inclination of the under-side of the box from the end where the fruit is admitted to the opposite end. This inclination is sufficient to cause the fruit to fiud its way—as the machine is slowly rotated—to the Jarger end, where there is an apperture opening into the second hox or compartment, exterior to the first. This second compartment has its greatest diameter at the end opposite that at which it receives the fruit from the first and, consequently, at tbe end where the first compartment has its least diameter. Tus, the fruit, passing from the larger end of tho innermost hox into the smaller eud of the second one, is carried by the inclination of the latter, towards the larger end, being the same from which it started in the first. Here it finds its way through another apperture into tho smaller end of the third and outer compartment, which, in its turn, enlarges in the opposite direction, causing the fruit to roll once more towards the larger end. Tach of the boxes or compartments has its inner side covered with projecting steel points, set at regular intcrvals. By means of a double vover to the boxes, the steel points being set in the outer cover and projecting through appertures in the inner one, the length to which tho points protrude on the inside of the boxes can be increased or diminished at pleasure, being regulated by screws, which separate or draw together the double covers, as may he desired. ho steel points

are designed to perforate the rind of the fruit and thoroughly break up the cells containing the essential oil, which is thus set free. Tho mode in which the machine operates is as follows: The fruit passing into the innermost compartment, while the machine is slowly revolving, rolls over the steol points and gradually reaches the larger end, where it passes into the sacred compartment and then, hy a reverso process reaches the third, where it again rolls to the larger end. Here there is an arrangement of small hoxes, opening directly opposite a passage into the inner compartment, by whieh the fruit is caught and thrown hack into tho said inner aompartment, so that the process can he repeated as often as may be neccessary. The motion of the fruit over the steel points perforate the rind throughout its whole extent, and more thoroughly disintegrates the cells than ean he dono by any otber process in use. When it is supposed that the fruit has been long enough in the machine to have all the essential oil extracted, a sliding door near the larger end of the yuter hox or compartment is opened, through which tbe fruit gradually falls into a recepticle prepared for it— Awarded a silver medal. ba ON WINES, LIQUORS, AND MALT BEVERAGES. The extent of the grape culture in California, at the present time, is said to exceed that of all the rest of the States combined; and the production of wine and hrandy, especially that of the former, is increasing so rapidly that it hids fair soon to drivo all foreign competition from this market. In almost all parts of the State the soil is suitable for the successful cultivation of the vine, while, for the maturing of the fruit and making of wine, the climate has no superior. Under tbe auspices of the Catholic missionaries who first settled in California, the vine and olives of Spain were introduced at the various missions, and tbe former soon became a common fruit throughout the country, wherever the white man made his home. Comparatively large quantities of wine and hrandy were made at the various missions, but the demand being limited to the domestie consumption, no encouragement, as in commercial countries, stimulated the production beyond thé ordinary wants of the coast. With the diseovery of gold in 1848, the great infiux of white population rapidly increased tbe demand for wine, and enhanced its value as a product so that the vineyards then planted became exceedingly profitable to their owners, who, thus encouraged, engaged still more largely in the cultivation of the grape. As the wine won fayor among consumers, the new settlers in the State became aware of its great value as a product, and soon citizens, natives of all countries, were interested in grape culture, until, at the present time, the vines producing fruit number many millions, soon to be doubled by others now planted, but not yet in a hearing state. Next to the raising of small grain for food purposes, wine-making is now the most profitable agricultural resouree we possess, and unless a large accession of population, engaged in other agricultural pursuits, should soon be made, the increase in the number of hearing vines and their fruit, will make it take the lead among the prodncts of the State. Under these circumstances, the exportation of wines and brandies to the Atlantic States, and other markets, must eventually hecome very large, and itis expected that the quality of both shall be of such excellence and purity as to defy competition from abroad. The samples of wines and hrandies in the Fair were by no means of that extent that the importance of the interest called for, and it is to be hoped that, when anotber similar opportunity offers, wino makers, generally, will find it to their interest to make such a display of their vintages to the public as shall properly represent so vast and growing an interest of the State. To make up, however, as.it were, for the lack in the numher of samples, the wines exhibited this ycar were, with very few exceptions, superior in quality, as a collection, to any before exhibited, ON WINES, CORDIALS, ETC. Committee : J. J, HARKNESS, 8. P. CHRISTY, JAMES IRWIN. Tokay Wine, exhibited by John Sweet, was awarded a first premium. Port Wine, exhibited hy James McCaffrey, was awarded a first preminm.White Wine, exhibited by the “ United Anaheim Association,”~—Awarded a first premium, Red Wine, exhibited by Isaac B , was awarded a first preminm. Pure Juice of the Grape, exhibited by S. Brannan, was awarded a first preminm. Madeira Wine, exhibited by Mathew Keller, was awarded a first premium. Sherry Wine, exhibited by Mathew Keller, was awarded a first premium. Angelica Wine, exhibited by B. D. Wilson & Son, was awarded a first premium. Burgundy Wine, exhibited hy B. D. Wilson & Son, was awarded a first premium. Wine Bitters, exhibited hy Mathew Keller, was awarded a first premium. Whisky Bitters, exhibited by I. D. Thompson, was awarded a first premium. California Brandy, by B. D. Wilson & Son.—Awarded a first premium. In awarding premiums to the above, the Committee would especially recommend the producer of port wine for furnishing a remarkably superior quality of wine. ON LIQUORS, ALE, BEER, AND CIDER. Committee: 8. P. CHRISTIE, G.J. BYRNE, JAMES IRWIN, P. J. O'CONNOR. The Committee, having examined the various samples of Bourbon and rye whiskies exhibited in the Fair, award the first premium to I. D. Thompson, for the best Bourbon whisky, known as the “lily” brand. Tbe Committee also award a first preminm to J. Sajous, for the best California brewed “ half-and-half.” ON COMPOUNDS AND CALIFORNIA INVENTIONS. Committee ¢ I. ROWELL, M.D., . 8. BEVERLY COLE, M.D., WM. H. KEITH. The liquors, punches, tonic bitters, cordials, &c., prepared by V. Squarza, are, without, exception, the finest article in thcir line the Committee haye ever examined. All of Mr. Squarza’s preparations have these great merits over other compounds of a similar character ; ; 1st. That none hut the best and purest liquors are used. 2d. That no sngar, syrup, or sweetening principle is ever used, except that obtained hy the maceration of sweet fruits, hence the nutricious principles contained in the fruits are also imparted to the “ punches.” 7 3d. That the flavoring materiais aro also obtained by macerating the varions fruits, flowers, plants, and herhs which contain them, instead of using the ordinary expressed essential oils, : The great skill of Mr. Squarza consists in his ability to blend harmoniously, and in duo proportion, the various materials used, so that there are none wanting and none in excess. Some of his preparations are medicinal, and deserve especial and favorable mention. “ Selene,” a cordial, as its name would indicate, is a ladies’ drink, and, no doubt, will be fonnd as beneficial as it is agreeable. “ Aurora” is a most delightful tonic bitter, infinitely more agreeable and healthy than those villainous compounds usnally taken as an appetizer in the morning. The “ Raspberry Cordial” contains the astringent principle of that plant in a marked degree, while it has all the agreeable flavor of the fresh, ripe fruit. It is an excellent articlé for the summer complaints of ehildren. The “ Tea,” “ Coffee,” “ Cocoa,” “ Anti-Divorce,” “ Ladies’ Pleasure,” “ Ladies’ Tears,” and “ Strawberry Cordial” are all most delightful beverages, from which it would be difficult to select one in preference to another. The harmonious blending of eolors please the eye; the scientifie distillation and admixture of the perfumes ofsweet flowers please tbe sense of smell ; and the harmonized sounds of music fall npon the ear and delight tbe sense of hearing. The same law holds good in regard to a combination of different flavors to please tbe palate, and Mr. Squarza has, doubtless, struck an octave higher than any one elso in his laying upon the “ organ of taste.” The Committee, in view of these several facts, feel it incumbent upon them to commend tho claim of these preparations exhibited by Mr. V. Squarza, and, believing them to be the hest artieles of their kind extant, have no hesitation in recommending them for the highest prize—Awarded a diploma. ON SILK WORMS AND THE CULTURE OF SILK. Committee i HENRY F. WILLIAMS, * SAMUEL TYLER. The Committee on these subjeets have endeavored to perform the duty designated, but regret their inability to do full justice to the important trust confided to them. Their especial attention was called to the exhibition of silk-worms and cocoons, by L. Prevost of San José, who has, in tho opinion of tho Committee, most successfully demonstrated that California is one of the best, if not the very best silk producing country in tho world. They have learned to their own satisfaction, not only from those who know something of Mr. Provost’s operations in this line, hut, also, from personal observation during a visit to his cocoonery in San José, that Mr. Prevost is justly deserving of the highest premium the Institnte can award him, for the commendahlo zeal and perseverance he has exhibited under tho greatest difficultics, in successfully inaugurating this new branch of industry in our State. The demand, hoth for silk and silk-worm eggs, is so extensive and constantly increasing, that the husiness cannot he overdone, but its successful prosecution must, in time, give employment to many thousands of our peoplo, with a net profit of millions of dollars annually. Mr. Prevost’s Simple narrativo of his early efforts and drawbacks was exccedingly interesting to the Committee, and they induced him to commit to writing some of tbe leading facts, together with some remarks by Mr. Hentsch, which are hereby submitted, in tho hope that they may not he lost or forgotten. The Committee deem themselves not over sanguine of the great resnlts to flow from tbe introduction of this important branch of industry into our State, when the hope and believe the day is not far distant when a gratified pcople will, throug’ their Legislature, offer some public recognition of the services rendered hy Mr. Preyost.—A warded a gold medal. FACTS ON SILK IN CALIFORNIA.—NY L. PREVOST. After I had passed a summer in California, I eame to the eonclusion that it was one of the very best countries in the world for raising silk, as well as wine, etc., etc., but the difficulty was to obtain, first, mulberry trees, and, afterwards, silk-worm eggs. In 1863 or ’64. I had occasion to meet with Mr. Henry Hentsch, who had the same opinion of our beautiful climate, and its adaptability for silk cultivation, and he, himsolf, began a conversatiou ou that important subject. From that conversation was born the culture of silk in California. Mr. Hentsch imported the mulherry seed from France, from which I raised a numher of fino mulberry trees. Mr. Hentsch was informed as soon as the trees were of some size, and he made arrangements to import silk-worm eggs from China. They arrived here dead—it was impossible to hatch one of them. The following year he imported another lot from the same place, and with the same result. After this second attempt I was a little discouraged, finding tbat it was impossible to import the eggs in good condition, and expecting to bare, no use for my mulberry trees, I had the most of them destroyed, keeping only a few. he third year, Mr. Hentsch imported eggs again from the same place, and at the samo time, from France. I was then very sorry to have destroyed so many of my toulherry trees, as the eggs from France proved to he in good coadition, and hatched out very well. At that time I had a friend here, Mr. Miller, who was a competent silk cultivator, to whom I showed the eggs. He pronounced them good, and also agreed, for the first time, to help me, which he did. The worms did well, and produced fine cocoons of silk of the first quality, as I can prove hy certificates from the two highest silk societies in Hurope, to whom silk and silk cocoons had heen sent to be tested. Up to this time we have not been ahle to discover any indications of disease, which is most extraordinary; it must he the good influence of the climato of California operating as we expected. AsI had no other room for the purpose, Ihave been obliged to raise the worms in a green house, which was extremely hot in daytimo, and nearly freezing at night. Under such unfavorable circumstances, not one worm would have lived in Europe. Now, any thinking man can judge what success we might reasonably expect if we had a proper room in which to raise them. he first year I made silk was in 1860. I sent boqnets of cocoons and silk to about every fair all over our State; they attracted the attention of visitors, but I received no encouragement. On the contrary, I heard many say tbat this culture eould not be pursued profitably in California, on acconat of tho high price of labor. I was aware of the apparent truth of this before I attempted the production of silk, but I thought for this kind of labor Cbinese might be employed, who are used to the work, and, besides that, I knew that the price for buying tbree or four acrcs of land here does not exceed the price of renting one acre in Europe, where silk is raised in large quantities. This advantage, I expected, would more than componsate for the difference between tho price of labor in Europe, and Chinese labor here, because the silk grower in Europe has to deduct from his profits the rent of the land every year. But the question of labor is now fully settled, and silk can he raised in California with great profit. Calculating on tho great snperiority of our climate, I thought to try to take advantage of it, and I have succeeded in simplifying that culture even beyond my expectation. Oue man herocan raise and take eare of as many