Volume 13 (1866) (424 pages)

Terme; One Year, 5; Six Months, S:3, © Ne Single Coples, Fifteen Cents. J Yournat of Useful Arts, Seience, and Mining and Plechanicat Lrogress. DEWEY ¢& €O., PUULISHERS «ind Patent Soticitors. SAN FRANCISCO, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, L866. VOLUME XUE. Nuwober EL. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Saw of the Thues, The M Great. . +. ee 161] Ryerson Process, The Coal and Steam er Minine Sommauy.—Calilor elol. .. ng Thi, Nevoda, Culorado, Gold Districts Khroughut -Arlzuna, Idaho, Sloita: the World, Noteson the We] na, British Columbia. 166, 167 The Syphon Discussion. 1-2) stale Fale, Annyal. 168 More About the Syplion . 16.[ilvat Produced by Mining In Amador and Agitation of Waler.. 169 Calaveras—Mulphiun ts. '2)Parents and Inventions, Inlng Law Act, Natlonal 165 The. . 163 Idl Glaws for Dead Lights, etc. 16) New. Ment Grnerated by MoPtevarn y. fu chanical Power or FricNevada CU 16 [Cholera, Cures, Remark6 -, Caring Hay, Seleuilile BUI eae eene es cennsoneee 17S Method of. VGN Advertisers, Hut to. Ye Butler, Fabe. wes Tne Great Saw or THe Tixes.— Doctar MecGowaa’a commuaication last week, calling upon our mecbanies to produee a saw suitable for nbbreviating a section of the Mammoth Tree, for exhihition at the Universal Exposition, has caused considerable discussion in the daily papers. Mr. James M. Wall, carpenter, advances the plan of fastening two eireular snws at tho end of nn nxte a foot long, and this axle to be fitted in a movable frame and driven by steam. It would eost a greater sum to get such an apparatus upon the graund than Mr, N. W. Spaulding (a practical and experienced mechauic and saw manufacturer), wonld ask to undertake the coatract for severing the log.” Mr. Spaulding would employ a eommon eross-cut saw, with the slight variation of baving the handles inclined to one side, to give reom between tle handles nnd the face of the eut for the operators’ hands. He would make two euts, say four feet apnrt, splitting out the intervening section, as required in proceeding. This would leave a true face on the block, which would be ready to split into blocks, in the shape required for mapping out the several States of the Union. The “stick,” we believe, is between thirty and thirty-five fect in diameter, as it now lics. Its texture is ahout as soft as redwood, or the clear portion of Eastera hemlock. Two men could probably get through the joh in the above manner in two or three wecks, ut a cost of from $100 to $150. Dr. Pinge-Dupuyten exhibited to us, on Monday, a chain saw, used by physicians in the amputation of linbs, which suggests a good theorctical plau for the construction of an implement for accomplishing the desired work. It would prove costly fer a single purpese, and take a good deal of power to operate it, with danger of breakage. Thirty feet is a long ent, besides the chain would necd to be nearly twice that length, in order to discharge tle snwdust on each side, even if it could be thus excluded without difficulty. Another meclianic offers to cut off as many acetions of the tree as is desired, at a trifling cost, b tho process of boring witb a ‘shell auger.” It was partially by this manner that the tree was cut down, and no doubt the laborers who performed the operation, considered it n practical bore—long before they fiaished.Waar Gotp Company in the United States works quartz that bolds less than $6 or $8 to the ton? and even then the rock must be decomposed or it will not pay.—[American Jour. . nal of Mining, N. Y.] Many of the most profitable quartz minee of Califoraia, producing entirely hard rock, average less than $6 or $8 per ton. We have in view several of that character, one of which has been worked over twelve years, aad is now worth upwards of $100,000. +m. J. Artaur Puitips, the distingnished English geologist and metallurgist, who visited this State last winter, is now again on his way hither. Dispatches received the past week from New York announce his arrival in that city, and state that he will eail for California onthe steamer of the 2Ist instant. It is presumed that Mr. Philips’ second missiqn to this Coast is in behalf of English capitaliste. COAL AND STEAM SUPERSEDED. The following article, with the above imposing title, which appeared originully io the London Mining Journal, and which bas been copied, with apparent approval, into many of both the Atlantic and California papers, is one of aclasa of articles, some of which are almost constantly before the pnblic, aad which are aot only ridiculous in their nssumptions, but oftentimes positively mischievous by means of the iaducenents which they hold out for people, frequently at great cost of time nod money, to seek for impracticable nad impossible results. he article came to us without aay illustration; but in order that it may be more clearly understood, and its absurdity made perfectly ‘apparent, wo have handed it to a friend, who bas kindly supplied us with a dingram, euch as was described, and we have inade such interpolations in .the original, as were necessary to make the references to the Feume complete : A great deal of interest is attached to some experiments which have tuken place at Liver. pool to demonstrate the merits of a machine iavented by Mr. James Smith, of Seaforth. and Mr 8. A. Chase, of Earemont. The inveation offers a complete solution to the problem— How can we obtain Perpetual Motion ? and if it be geuerally employed for the produetion of motive power, tho calculation of the Royal Commission for ascertaining the position of onr coal supply will be so eeriously interfered with as to be almost valueless, for it may be found that hefore many years have pnssed away men will no more think of using steam to obtain motive power than they now do of rubbing eticks together to get fire. oS The invention is for an “improved arrangement of vatves and other appliances for a new description of hydraulic engine for raising watet and other fluids above their common level, the fluids so raised to be used asa motive power.” ‘The principle of the invention consists in constructing a reservoir having two compartmenis, A and B. The upper compartment has a lift-pump, C, for raising water from the lower compartment, producing two difInside, and oo the bottom of the tank or tanks. is fixed u box, having two sets of valves, 1! and G, composed of gun-inetal, one set opening to the fluid contained ia the reservoir, These valves are so arranged thut whea the pair or set of valves in communicatien with the fluid in the tanks are open the other pair or set are closcit, and shut off the communication, and vice versa, On the upper eide of the box is a circular aperture. around which is fitted a cup leather valve. This valve fits the lower part of an air-tight eylinder or float, F, and whicli is inserted io the circular aperture, and by means of connecting rods the cylinder or float is attached to the end of a lever or beain, I. The other end of the benm is united by two connecting-rods to the crank of the engine, K, nnd the piston-rod of the lift-pump. On the shaft is fixed an eccentric to work the gear which actuatee the tank valves. On the head of the tank they fix a feed pipe or syphon, L, which passes downwards into the upper coinpartment of the reservoir, having a valve attached to it, which is always kept beneath the high level of the fuid in the upper coinpartment of the reservoir, nnd thus acte as a syphon. They theo fill the tank and feed-pipe with water, and raise the fluid in the lower comnpartment of the reservoir until the tank-valves are submerged. ‘l'hey then fill the upper compartment, which contains the lift-pump, to within a few inches of the lid of the tank, when the engine is ready for nse. The production and cause of motion may be thus deseribed : The floats being hollow, and merely filled with atmospheric air, are lighter than a space ef equal magnitude filled hy a column of water, and it, therefore, follows of necessity that when the tank-valves are open to the gravatic foree of the fluid coutained in the tnuk, that furce acts on the bottom of the float and causes it to rise, and when the valve is closed againet the action of the gravatic foree in the tank, and open to the reservoir, the float falls, there being no power beneath to support it, thus producing a reciprocating motién, which, acting on the beam, produces rotatiou of the crank, and at the same time actuates the eccentric, eansing the tank-valves to open and clese; and this motion is continued until the syphonvalve is closed, shutting off the atmospheric pressure by which the water or otber fluid is foreed into the taok by the syphon feed-pipe, and by which the water or other fluid is raised through the ageney of the lift-pump into the upper compartment of the reservoir. The apparatus described above is one of the maay inventions for the purpose of obtainiag perpetual motion, aad, like the most of euch, it displays coasiderable power of contrivance oa the part of its iaventors ; and, like them all, it will be attended with non-success, aad prove itself but a souree of expense and disappoiatment to those iaterested, however fondly they may cherisb it. As it forms a good illustration of the many contrivances for that purpose, we have chosen to lay it before onr readers ; and in order that they may be able tn compre. hend its operntion, and to enable us to sbow its uselessness as a source of power, we have requested our engraver to prepare the annexed diagram to illustrate its operation. When the valve from the tahk to the box opens and the float ascends, a body of water equal to the displacement of the float enters; and when the valve from the box to the lower compartment of the reservoir opens and the float descends, the saine qnantity of water flows intothat compartment. Thiequaatity of water requires to be raised from the lower to fereut levels of the fluid in the one reservoir. . the upper compartment duriug each revolution, Tuto the lower level of the fluid they insert a portion of a tank or tanks, D, allowing the fluid in the reservoir to have free play around them. as above described. The power obtaiued is derived from the difference ia the weight of the float roised the hight of the stroke and that of the wuter descending to take its place, also the pressure of the column of water oa the plunger, and the weight of the plunger in descenling. The power expended is in pumping the eame quantity of wnter nsed ia the above operation from the lower to the higher level in the reservoir, the distance which it requires to he raised beiag equal to that of its descent. UP STOKE. Power Power epent. ollained Assume the weight of tho float to be 10 Ths. Fafsed 1 100t.ceceseeseeeereees .-10 Is. Welght of water descending 1 foot 70 tba. DOWN STROKE. Pressure an the float descending, 1 Mot 70 ths. Weight of float desceniling, 1 foat. 10 Tbs. The Hoat in descending necessitated 1 . placcinent of a quantity ef walter from tbo tauk of the reserve equal to what entered during tts up stroke, Weight of water to be raised hy the pump.140 Ibs. Iouibs. 150 Ibs Which shows that the quantity of water raised during each revolution, must necessarily be the same as that used in the operation of the float, to cause ite upward and allow its downward movement, and requires that the pump with the same stroke to be twice the area of the float. The reeult here shown produces an exact balance of power, allowiag nothing tn overcome friction, much icss to yield power for other purposes. Inventors of apparatus having the eame object ia view as that we lave examined, would do welt to use the powers by which they are endowed on other and ore profitable pursuits. If they would, instend, study thoronghly the laws by which matter operates, they would in the end find themselves wiser, possessed with more accurate knowledge, freer from disap poiptmeat, heavier in pocket, and more useful to themselves and those around them. Trave Marxs SHOULD BE REesrecTeD.—Suit has been commenced in the Twelfth District Court by A. B. Falkenburgh and R. P. Thomas, against George R. Lucy and Charles Hymes, and for cause of action aver that they have been doing business under the firm namo of tho “Standard Soap Company,” and ono of tho plaintiffs baving invented a preparation or compound for washing purposes, and gavo thereto tho namo “Conccntrated Erasivo Washing Powder,” tbo said compound wns offered for sale in packages of various sizes, marked witb a label” adopted by tbo plaintiffs as a trade mark. By reason of the exccllency of tho article and tho efforts of the plaintiffs to place it bofore tbo public, it has acquired a high reputation as such, and has commnnded and still commaads an extensive sale. The defendants, totally disregarding the rights of tho plaintiffs, have put up an article in imitation of the plaintiffy’ article, which, with intent to defraud and deceive tho public, they have caused to be put up in similar packages and labelled with a similar label. By reason of this fraud upon the public, and disregard of the rights of the plaintiffs, they have suffered great damage, and pray the court to grant them damages in the sum of $5,000, and an injunction restraining the defendants from preparing, putting up or offering for sale said imitation. Aw Eprror Honorep.—At the recent Commencement of Waterville Cotlege, Maine, the bonorary degree of Master of Arts wae coaferred upon Warren Baxter Ewer, editor of the Minty anp Screntiric Pruss of this eity—S. FF. Builetin. In the abseace of Mr. Ewer, we venture to gay that tho conferment wns ns wortbily bestowed as it, was unexpectedly recived.

Terme; One Year, 5; Six Months, S:3, © Ne Single Coples, Fifteen Cents. J Yournat of Useful Arts, Seience, and Mining and Plechanicat Lrogress. DEWEY ¢& €O., PUULISHERS «ind Patent Soticitors. SAN FRANCISCO, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, L866. VOLUME XUE. Nuwober EL. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Saw of the Thues, The M Great.. . +. ee 161] Ryerson Process, The Coal and Steam er Minine Sommauy.—Calilor elol. ... ng Thi, Nevoda, Culorado, Gold Districts Khroughut -Arlzuna, Idaho, Sloita: the World, Noteson the We] na, British Columbia. 166, 167 The Syphon Discussion.. 1-2) stale Fale, Annyal. 168 More About the Syplion . 16.[ilvat Produced by Mining In Amador and Agitation of Waler... 169 Calaveras—Mulphiun ts. '2)Parents and Inventions, Inlng Law Act, Natlonal 165 The. .. 163 Idl Glaws for Dead Lights, etc. 16) New.. Ment Grnerated by MoPtevarn y. fu chanical Power or FricNevada CU 16 [Cholera, Cures, Remark6 -, Caring Hay, Seleuilile BUI eae eene es cennsoneee 17S Method of. VGN Advertisers, Hut to.. Ye Butler, Fabe. wes Tne Great Saw or THe Tixes.— Doctar MecGowaa’a commuaication last week, calling upon our mecbanies to produee a saw suitable for nbbreviating a section of the Mammoth Tree, for exhihition at the Universal Exposition, has caused considerable discussion in the daily papers. Mr. James M. Wall, carpenter, advances the plan of fastening two eireular snws at tho end of nn nxte a foot long, and this axle to be fitted in a movable frame and driven by steam. It would eost a greater sum to get such an apparatus upon the graund than Mr, N. W. Spaulding (a practical and experienced mechauic and saw manufacturer), wonld ask to undertake the coatract for severing the log.” Mr. Spaulding would employ a eommon eross-cut saw, with the slight variation of baving the handles inclined to one side, to give reom between tle handles nnd the face of the eut for the operators’ hands. He would make two euts, say four feet apnrt, splitting out the intervening section, as required in proceeding. This would leave a true face on the block, which would be ready to split into blocks, in the shape required for mapping out the several States of the Union. The “stick,” we believe, is between thirty and thirty-five fect in diameter, as it now lics. Its texture is ahout as soft as redwood, or the clear portion of Eastera hemlock. Two men could probably get through the joh in the above manner in two or three wecks, ut a cost of from $100 to $150. Dr. Pinge-Dupuyten exhibited to us, on Monday, a chain saw, used by physicians in the amputation of linbs, which suggests a good theorctical plau for the construction of an implement for accomplishing the desired work. It would prove costly fer a single purpese, and take a good deal of power to operate it, with danger of breakage. Thirty feet is a long ent, besides the chain would necd to be nearly twice that length, in order to discharge tle snwdust on each side, even if it could be thus excluded without difficulty. Another meclianic offers to cut off as many acetions of the tree as is desired, at a trifling cost, b tho process of boring witb a ‘shell auger.” It was partially by this manner that the tree was cut down, and no doubt the laborers who performed the operation, considered it n practical bore—long before they fiaished.Waar Gotp Company in the United States works quartz that bolds less than $6 or $8 to the ton? and even then the rock must be decomposed or it will not pay.—[American Jour. . nal of Mining, N. Y.] Many of the most profitable quartz minee of Califoraia, producing entirely hard rock, average less than $6 or $8 per ton. We have in view several of that character, one of which has been worked over twelve years, aad is now worth upwards of $100,000. +m. J. Artaur Puitips, the distingnished English geologist and metallurgist, who visited this State last winter, is now again on his way hither. Dispatches received the past week from New York announce his arrival in that city, and state that he will eail for California onthe steamer of the 2Ist instant. It is presumed that Mr. Philips’ second missiqn to this Coast is in behalf of English capitaliste. COAL AND STEAM SUPERSEDED. The following article, with the above imposing title, which appeared originully io the London Mining Journal, and which bas been copied, with apparent approval, into many of both the Atlantic and California papers, is one of aclasa of articles, some of which are almost constantly before the pnblic, aad which are aot only ridiculous in their nssumptions, but oftentimes positively mischievous by means of the iaducenents which they hold out for people, frequently at great cost of time nod money, to seek for impracticable nad impossible results. he article came to us without aay illustration; but in order that it may be more clearly understood, and its absurdity made perfectly ‘apparent, wo have handed it to a friend, who bas kindly supplied us with a dingram, euch as was described, and we have inade such interpolations in .the original, as were necessary to make the references to the Feume complete : A great deal of interest is attached to some experiments which have tuken place at Liver. pool to demonstrate the merits of a machine iavented by Mr. James Smith, of Seaforth. and Mr 8. A. Chase, of Earemont. The inveation offers a complete solution to the problem— How can we obtain Perpetual Motion ? and if it be geuerally employed for the produetion of motive power, tho calculation of the Royal Commission for ascertaining the position of onr coal supply will be so eeriously interfered with as to be almost valueless, for it may be found that hefore many years have pnssed away men will no more think of using steam to obtain motive power than they now do of rubbing eticks together to get fire. oS The invention is for an “improved arrangement of vatves and other appliances for a new description of hydraulic engine for raising watet and other fluids above their common level, the fluids so raised to be used asa motive power.” ‘The principle of the invention consists in constructing a reservoir having two compartmenis, A and B. The upper compartment has a lift-pump, C, for raising water from the lower compartment, producing two difInside, and oo the bottom of the tank or tanks. is fixed u box, having two sets of valves, 1! and G, composed of gun-inetal, one set opening to the fluid contained ia the reservoir, These valves are so arranged thut whea the pair or set of valves in communicatien with the fluid in the tanks are open the other pair or set are closcit, and shut off the communication, and vice versa, On the upper eide of the box is a circular aperture. around which is fitted a

cup leather valve. This valve fits the lower part of an air-tight eylinder or float, F, and whicli is inserted io the circular aperture, and by means of connecting rods the cylinder or float is attached to the end of a lever or beain, I. The other end of the benm is united by two connecting-rods to the crank of the engine, K, nnd the piston-rod of the lift-pump. On the shaft is fixed an eccentric to work the gear which actuatee the tank valves. On the head of the tank they fix a feed pipe or syphon, L, which passes downwards into the upper coinpartment of the reservoir, having a valve attached to it, which is always kept beneath the high level of the fuid in the upper coinpartment of the reservoir, nnd thus acte as a syphon. They theo fill the tank and feed-pipe with water, and raise the fluid in the lower comnpartment of the reservoir until the tank-valves are submerged. ‘l'hey then fill the upper compartment, which contains the lift-pump, to within a few inches of the lid of the tank, when the engine is ready for nse. The production and cause of motion may be thus deseribed : The floats being hollow, and merely filled with atmospheric air, are lighter than a space ef equal magnitude filled hy a column of water, and it, therefore, follows of necessity that when the tank-valves are open to the gravatic foree of the fluid coutained in the tnuk, that furce acts on the bottom of the float and causes it to rise, and when the valve is closed againet the action of the gravatic foree in the tank, and open to the reservoir, the float falls, there being no power beneath to support it, thus producing a reciprocating motién, which, acting on the beam, produces rotatiou of the crank, and at the same time actuates the eccentric, eansing the tank-valves to open and clese; and this motion is continued until the syphonvalve is closed, shutting off the atmospheric pressure by which the water or otber fluid is foreed into the taok by the syphon feed-pipe, and by which the water or other fluid is raised through the ageney of the lift-pump into the upper compartment of the reservoir. The apparatus described above is one of the maay inventions for the purpose of obtainiag perpetual motion, aad, like the most of euch, it displays coasiderable power of contrivance oa the part of its iaventors ; and, like them all, it will be attended with non-success, aad prove itself but a souree of expense and disappoiatment to those iaterested, however fondly they may cherisb it. As it forms a good illustration of the many contrivances for that purpose, we have chosen to lay it before onr readers ; and in order that they may be able tn compre. hend its operntion, and to enable us to sbow its uselessness as a source of power, we have requested our engraver to prepare the annexed diagram to illustrate its operation. When the valve from the tahk to the box opens and the float ascends, a body of water equal to the displacement of the float enters; and when the valve from the box to the lower compartment of the reservoir opens and the float descends, the saine qnantity of water flows intothat compartment. Thiequaatity of water requires to be raised from the lower to fereut levels of the fluid in the one reservoir. . the upper compartment duriug each revolution, Tuto the lower level of the fluid they insert a portion of a tank or tanks, D, allowing the fluid in the reservoir to have free play around them. as above described. The power obtaiued is derived from the difference ia the weight of the float roised the hight of the stroke and that of the wuter descending to take its place, also the pressure of the column of water oa the plunger, and the weight of the plunger in descenling. The power expended is in pumping the eame quantity of wnter nsed ia the above operation from the lower to the higher level in the reservoir, the distance which it requires to he raised beiag equal to that of its descent. UP STOKE. Power Power epent. ollained Assume the weight of tho float to be 10 Ths. Fafsed 1 100t..ceceseeseeeereees .-10 Is. Welght of water descending 1 foot 70 tba. DOWN STROKE. Pressure an the float descending, 1 Mot 70 ths. Weight of float desceniling, 1 foat.. 10 Tbs. The Hoat in descending necessitated 1 . placcinent of a quantity ef walter from tbo tauk of the reserve equal to what entered during tts up stroke, Weight of water to be raised hy the pump.140 Ibs. Iouibs. 150 Ibs Which shows that the quantity of water raised during each revolution, must necessarily be the same as that used in the operation of the float, to cause ite upward and allow its downward movement, and requires that the pump with the same stroke to be twice the area of the float. The reeult here shown produces an exact balance of power, allowiag nothing tn overcome friction, much icss to yield power for other purposes. Inventors of apparatus having the eame object ia view as that we lave examined, would do welt to use the powers by which they are endowed on other and ore profitable pursuits. If they would, instend, study thoronghly the laws by which matter operates, they would in the end find themselves wiser, possessed with more accurate knowledge, freer from disap poiptmeat, heavier in pocket, and more useful to themselves and those around them. Trave Marxs SHOULD BE REesrecTeD.—Suit has been commenced in the Twelfth District Court by A. B. Falkenburgh and R. P. Thomas, against George R. Lucy and Charles Hymes, and for cause of action aver that they have been doing business under the firm namo of tho “Standard Soap Company,” and ono of tho plaintiffs baving invented a preparation or compound for washing purposes, and gavo thereto tho namo “Conccntrated Erasivo Washing Powder,” tbo said compound wns offered for sale in packages of various sizes, marked witb a label” adopted by tbo plaintiffs as a trade mark. By reason of the exccllency of tho article and tho efforts of the plaintiffs to place it bofore tbo public, it has acquired a high reputation as such, and has commnnded and still commaads an extensive sale. The defendants, totally disregarding the rights of tho plaintiffs, have put up an article in imitation of the plaintiffy’ article, which, with intent to defraud and deceive tho public, they have caused to be put up in similar packages and labelled with a similar label. By reason of this fraud upon the public, and disregard of the rights of the plaintiffs, they have suffered great damage, and pray the court to grant them damages in the sum of $5,000, and an injunction restraining the defendants from preparing, putting up or offering for sale said imitation. Aw Eprror Honorep.—At the recent Commencement of Waterville Cotlege, Maine, the bonorary degree of Master of Arts wae coaferred upon Warren Baxter Ewer, editor of the Minty anp Screntiric Pruss of this eity—S. FF. Builetin. In the abseace of Mr. Ewer, we venture to gay that tho conferment wns ns wortbily bestowed as it, was unexpectedly recived.