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Page: of 436
AMining and Scientific Dress.
223.
224.
. Sulphuret of Molybdennm in Quartz,
Sierra county, Cal.; Crossman &
Cochrane.
. Gold bearing Arsenieal Pyrites, Fac
Similo mine, Sierra county Cal.;} 2
Crossman € Cochrane.
Gold bearing Sulphurets (decomposed)
near Sierra Buttes, Sierra county,
Cal.; Crossmau & Cochrane.
Sulphurcts, Mexicau minc, Downieville, Sierra couuty, Cal.; Crossinau
& Cochrane.
Yellow Copper Ore, Sierra county,
Cal.; Crossman & Cochrano.
Sulphuret of lron with Gold, Harpeuding mine, Placer eonnty, Cal.
. Sulphuret of Iron in Slate, Harpen. 2
ding mine, Placor couuty, Cal.
Soft Slate (auriferous) Harpending
mine, Placor county, Cal.
Soft Slate (auriferous) Harpending
mine, Placer county, Cal.
Soft Slate (auriferous) Harpending
mine, Placer county, Cal.
Soft Slate (vuriferous) Harpending
mine, Plaeer county, Cal.
. Soft Slate (ochery) Harpending mine,
Placer county, Cal.
. Gold bearing Sulphurets, Seaton mine,
Amador county, Cal.
. Gold learing Quartz, Moss Lode,
Arizona,
3. Gold bearing Quartz (rich) Vniture
Lode, Arizona,
to 219 inclusive, Borax Crystals, from
Borax Lako, Like county, Cal.; Califoruin Borax Co.
Mud, containing large Crystals of Borax, Borax Lake, Lake county, Cal.;
California Borax Co,
. Mud containing small Crystals of Borax, Borax Lake, Lake county, Cal.;
California Borax Co.
Borax, small Crystals (washed) Borax
Lake, Lake county, Cal.; California
Borax Co;
Mnud of Borax Lake (dry) Borax Lake,
Lake county, Cal.; California Borax
Co.
Incrustation from Lake-bed Borax
Lake, Lake county, Cal,; Cahfornia
Borax Company.
. Crude Boracio Acid, Lake county, Cal. ;
California Borax Co.
. Borax Refined, Borax Lake, Lake
county, Cal,; California Borax Co.
. Magnetic Iron Ore, San Saba, Sierra
county, Cal.; Crossman & Cochrane,
Downieville.
. Magnetic Iron Ore, San Saba, Sierra
county, Cal.; Crossman & Cochrane.
. Magnetic Iron Ore, Sierra county, Cal. ;
Cabinet State Agricultural Society.
, Iron Ore, Yankee Hill, Butte county,
Cal.; Cabinet State Agricultural Society.
Tron Ore, Butto county, Cal.; A. James.
Magnetie Iron Oro, Butte county, Cal. ;
A. James.
. Chromo Iron Ore, Forbestown, Butte
eounty, Cal.
. Oxide Manganese, Red Island, San
Francisco Bay, Cal.
5. Oxide Manganese, Red Island, San
Francisco Bay, Cal.
. Oxide Manganese with Chert, Red
Island, San francisco Bay, Cal.
. Oxide of Manganose, Red Island, San
Francisco Bay, Cal.
. Copper Ore, Planet mine, Arizona ;
Richard Ryland.
. Silicate of Copper, Mineral Hill, Arizonn,
. Silver and Copper Oro, Pueblo mine,
Nev.
. Silver and Copper Ore, Pucblo mine,
Noy.
. Native Gold in Seimi-Opal, King’s
mine, Mohawk Valley, Plumas county, Cal.; Mr. Scaruman, Downioville,
. Free Gold in Quartz, Keystone mine,
Sierra county, Cal.; Mr. Scamman,
. White Eartb, Tehama county, Cal.;
R. G. Sneatb.
. Selenite in Transparent Plates, Tebama county, Cal.; R. G. Sneath.
Gold Quartz, Middle Ledge, Silver
Mountain, Cal.
. Steatite (soft) El Dorado county, Cal.;
J. Patterson.
Steatite (lard) El Dorado county, Cal. ;
J. Patterson.
. Monterey Sand (for glass manufacture)
Monterey, Monterey county, Cal.;
R. T. Holmes.
. Carbonate of Magnosia, Napa county,
Cal.; R. T. Holmes.
. Hydraulic Cement, Bonicia, Cal.; R.
'T. Holmos.
. Hydraulic Coment, Benicia, Cal.
. Auriferous Sulphurets, Soulsby mine,
Tuolumne county, Cal.
. Copper Ore, New Mino, Tucson, Arizone.
. Auriferous Sulphurets, Barrett mine,
Mariposz county, Cal,
256. Whito Quartz Sand, Monterey, Monterey county, Cal; D. Jacks.
. Cement Gravel, near Mokelumne Hill,
Calaveras connty, Cal.
. Gold Quartz, Cinderella Lode, White
Mountains, Cal.
. Gold in Qnartz, Eureka mine, Grass
Valley, Cal.
. Auriferous Sulphurets, Eureka mine,
Grass Valley, Cal.
Gold bearing Quartz,
miue, Grass Valley, Cal.
Norambagua
262, Gold bearing Quartz, Norambagua
mine, Grass Valley, Cal.
963. Auriferous Sulphurets, Norambagua
ine, Grass Valley, Cal.
. Cap Roek, Norambagua mino, Grass
Valley, Cal.
Wall Rock, Norambagua mine, Grass
Valley, Cal.
Gold bearing Quartz, Lono Jack mine,
Grass Valley, Cal.
Gold bearing Quartz, Lone Jack mine,
Cal.
Gold in Quartz, Lone Jack mine, Grass
Valley, Cal.
. Auriferous Sulphurets,
mine, Grass Valley, Cal.
. Gold bearing Quartz, Providence mine,
Nevada county, Cal.
. Gold bearing Quartz, Providence mine,
Nevada county, Cal.
. Gold bearing Quartz, Lone Star mine,
Novada county, Cal.
. Petroleum, Mattolo, Humboldt county,
Cal.
. Petroleum, Union Mattolo Co., Humboldt county, Cal.
5. Petroleum, Joel’s Flat, Noble Spring,
Humboldt county, Cal.
. Petrolenm (thick) Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara county, Cal.
. Petroleum, Wiloy Spring, San Fernando Mountains, Cal.
. Petroleum, Hughes’ Spring, San Fernando Mountains, Cal.
. Petroleum, Pico Spring, San Fernando,
Mountains, Cal.
. Petroleum, Hayward & Coleman claim,
Sulphur Mountains, Cal.
. Petroleum, Stanford Bros, claim, Sulpbur Mountains, Cal.
. Petroleum (refined) from Oil of Stanford claim, Sulphur Mountains, Cal.
. Petroleum (refined lubricating) from
Oil of Stanford claim, Sulphur Mountains, Cal.
Potroleum (crude) Cattiada Larga, Santa
Barbara county, Cal.
. Petroleum fn Santa Cruz, Santa
Cruz county, Cal.
. Petroleum (crude) Bear Greek, Colusa
county, Cal.
. Petroleum (crude) Chas. Stott claim,
Santa Barbara county, Cal.
. Petroleum (refined) Chas. Stott claim,
Santa Barbara county, Cal.
. Petroleum (refined lubricating) Chas.
pe claim, Santa Barbara county,
al.
Petroleum, (refined lubricating) No, 2,
Chas. Stott claim, Santa Barbara
county, Cal.
291. Silicified Wood,
. Silicified Wood,
. Silicified Wood,
. Silicified Wood,
Silicifiod Wood,
. Silicified Wood,
. Silicified Wood,
Lono Jack
290.
Nevada
Nevada,
Nevada
Nevada
Nevada
Nevada
Nevada,
Cal.
Cal.
Cal,
Cal,
Cal.
Cal.
Cal.
county,
county,
county,
county,
county,
county,
county,
Grass Valley, Novada county, Cal.
. Metamorpbie Rock, from gold belt,
Amador county, Cal.
800. ee from gold belt, Amador county,
al.
801. Wall Rock of Gold Veins, Boulder
Lode, Placer county, Cal.
302. Wall Rock Soulsby Lodo, Tuolumne
county, Cal.
The specimens are all carefully nnmborod
as above, and are accompanied by labels,
giving the locality in full. Tboy aro all
fresh and charactistic specimens, and are,
generally, about four inches square. The
only box of specimons sent in for the collection was from Messrs Crossman & Cochrane, of Downieville, through whom the
the mines of that vicinity are well reprosented. The Agricultural Society at Sacramento, contributed some fine specimens
from the duplicates in its eabinet. Dr. Harkness and Dr. Frey, of Sacramento, sent a
large mass of silver ore, weighing over 100
pounds, from the Camanche claim, Blind
Springs (No. 62). Thisis the largest specimen sent forward, and is separately packed.
The wholo collection fills eleyen boxes. A
fine colloction of specimens from Grass
Valley, has gone forward from New York,
to be arranged in connection with those sent
from here direct.
‘conditions of glycerine.
Lava ovorlying Anriferous Gravel, .
Scientific Miscettauy.
Geological Changes.
Contrary to the geuecrally received idea,
the great forces of nature which have built
up the earth's crust~—changed it by metamorphie action, thrown up mountains hore,
seooped out valleys there, uplifted immense
areas of stratification, and covered large
tracts with nvlten lava—havo evcr been slow
and nniforin in their action, The geologist
heholds unmistakablo evidences of immense
changes ; he learns from the book of nature
that contineuts have riscu and sunken ; that
where oceaus now roll, dryland once existed ;
while mountains bear upon tboirlofty slopes
nnmistakablo evidences of having once beeu
beneath the sea. Timo was when these stupendous changes were supposed to have
been confined to a few thousand years at
most; and no other conclusion was left but
to suppose thei the result of deluges, convulsions, and cataclysms of a most extraordinary character. More mature reflection,
however, and a moro intimate acquaintance
with the laws of tbe Universe, have of lato
years cbanged tbe current of thought among
scientific minds, and Nature’s economy is
now regarded as slow and uniform, even in
the working out of its grandest results; and
that violent geological phenomena have had
no existence except in local accidents of no
genoral significance. Continued and careful observation, and the comparison of the
present appearances of localities with that
recorded in carly historic times, taken in
connection with other evidences of unmistakable significance, show us tbat continents
even nowrise and sink inuch as they formerly
did. There is much reason to believe that
the early inhabitants of Great Britain traveled dry shod back and forth from Central
Enrope, over what is now Imown as the
Britisb channel; and tbat the aborigines of
our own coutinent found their way thither,
witbout the aid of boats, across Bobrings
Straits ! So slowly bave these groat changes
been wrought, that the movement which
bas brought them about could only be detected by the closest observations, made at
long intervals of many generations between.
A singlo life-time is much too small to even
detect that nature is worldng at all—much
less are we to infer any destruction to homan
life from the occurrence of such changes,
A RemarkasLe CrystaLiizarton.—The
Chenical News says that some five tons
of glycerine was recently transported from
a German manufacturing house to the city
of London, passing most of the distance by
railroad. When it left the manufactory it
presented the ordinary appearance and viscid
It was exposed,
during its transit, to a very low temperature. On being examined in London, the
entire lot (contained in casks of about 800
pounds each) was found to be a solidifiod
mass of crystals, so hard that it required a
hammer and chisel to break it up! The
cause of the crystallization is conjectured to
have boen the vibration of the railway carriage, accompaniod by intense cold, which
enabled the particles to arrange themselvos
in crystalline form, analogous to the crystallization of wrought iron under the influence of vibration, or that of platinum salts
when agitated bya stirring rod. The circumstance appears to have elicited much
attention on the partof scientific men in the
British metropolis, so much so that a series
of experiments was to be tried upon glycerine, by agitation under different degrees of
temperature, to determine the truth or otherwise of the tboory above suggested.
Tue tubes of tubular bridges are generally
painted white, so as to increase the radiation,
and diminish tbe offects of expansion and
contraction caused by the alternations of
temperature.
Tur feed-water of boilers acquires a galyanic effect in passing through the copper
tubes of surface condensers.
Tre CuimaTe oF THE CaRnoNIFERoUS
Era.—The luxuriant vegetation of the carboniferons era was undoubtedly due, in a
great measure, to the physical differenvo
‘octween tbe atinospbere of that early age and
that which exists at the present time, This
difference most likely arose, in tho main,
from a largo excess of carbonic acid gas,
which wonld forma very denso atmosphere,
and act as & beavy covering for the earth ;
preycuting, to a much greater exteut than
our present atmosphero can, the loss of beat
by radiation, while at tho same timo it would
offer but little if any oro obstruction to
tbo passago of tho sun's rays, tban now
exists. Such an atmosphero would perform
very much tho same service which a glass
covering does for a bot liouse ; creating for
the lower levols, say to within a few hundred
feet of tbe earth, a tropical climate, which
wonld extend even into ligh latitudes, aud
produce, oven there, a luxuriant vegetation,
sucb as is now found only in equatorial
regions. There is much reason for belicying that such an atmosphere might fully
account for all the facts connected with tbe
high northern distribution of fossil orgauic
romains ; the presence of which, in such
localities, is often hold to involve a no less
important phenomena thau amaterial change
in the poles of the eartb. A simple cbange
in the constitution of tbe atmosphere, which
might be attended with the same results,
would seem to be more in unison with the
harmony, uniformity and quietness of Nature’s laws, than any violent disturbance
in the established ordor and position of our
planet. It may readily be conceived that
any such oxcess of carbonic acid gas might
gradually become fixed in vegetable and
mineral compounds, so as to finally admit
the presence of animal life, and the gradual
decrease of temperature to ourpresent status.
New Use ror Paotocrapay.—George G,
Rockwood, of New York, is said to have
recently devised an apparatus for automatically registering, by photograpby, the state
of the thermometor and baroineter at various times of the day. He arranged clock
work in the interior of a box containing a
camera and a series of revolving seusitive
plates, which at regular intervals would
open a covor to the camera tube and form a
photographic image of tbe object before it.
This apparatus placod before a spirit thermometor would of course secure accurate
picturos of the standing of the instrumeut,
upon tbe plates successively exposed to the
action of tho light.
AnoTHER.—M. Carradi, an ongineer at
Marseilles, proposes to register the path of
a ship, and its various tackings and evolutions, by means of photography. He calls
the instrument a “‘lexodograph,” aud by it
registers tbe various movements of tho eompass upon a roll of sensitive paper.
Frrerion oF Warer.—The friction of fifty
square feet of surface on @ vessel’s side,
which has been smoothly painted, is found
to be about eight pounds at four nautical
miles per hour; when the spood is ineroased
to eight miles, tbe friction is increased to
twenty-five pounds; at sixteen miles, the
friction would bescventy-five pounds. Thus,
when the speed is doublod, the friction is
increasod a little ovor three timos,
“Terre is no inequality on the surface of
‘tbe earth whicb does not owo its outline to
tbo disintegration of that surfaco during
agos, and so there is no extensive tract of
land which does not owo its construction to
those geological agents which have framod
the globe, and in course of time made it
suecossively what it has boen at different
periods, ”— Agassiz.
Leap anp Zrn¢ are greatly expanded by
hoat—the latter metal expands noarly two
and a half timos as much as wronght iron
under equal temporatures.
Compressrpriry oF Gas.—One thousand
cubie feet of ordinary illuminating gas may
be readily compressed into 2 space of ton
feet.
THE catacomss of Rome are to bo photographed by tho aid of the magnesium light.
The pictures are to serve as illustrations to
an elaborate work on the Catacombs, ems