Volume 24 (1872) (424 pages)

March 2, 1872.] SCIENTIFIC PRESS. 137 Giant Powder in Grass Valley. The Grass Valley Cnrion flings some had words at us for a paragraph which appeared ina commnnication in the Press of Feb. 2ith, with regard to the present unhappy coutroversy now going on in that town in reforenco to tho use of Giant powder in the mines. When tho article was ponned aud passed the suporvision of the editor of this paper, tho facts set forth therein wero strictly true, taking tho Union’s own version of tho matter at the timo. Unfortunately, however, tho article after hoing putin typo and proved, was crowded ont of the issue for which it was prepared, and found its way into tho next number withont our notice, aftor the condition of the controversy had materially changed, hy the murderons attacks alluded to hy the Union. Our record will show that, whilo we are ever ready to advoeate the realinterests of the miner, ws have never sustained them in any unlawful acts. Indoed, in the very article quoted hy tho Union, tho following paragraph occurs: ‘‘ They [the miners} may dspend upon our hearty support so long as thoy only resort to ateful means to ahate what they claim is a serious injury to their interests.” The Union also intimates that the ohjectionahle paragraph was called ont throngh the influence of nnworthy notices connected with the sale of Dr. Blatchley’s patont for allaying the fumes of Giant powder by meansof a waterjet. In making the allusion to that patent, we were only following our usual very proper policy of calling special attention to what we consider meritorious in our advertising columns, and in furtherance of this idsu onr readers will find some additional remarks upon the subject this week, to which we would call their especial attention. THe Tunvunar Iron WaerELparrow.— This is one of thoss simple yet excellsnt inventions, that whilst it seems strange that it was never thought of before, possesses 2 merit that ought to stimulate our inyeutors to the application of the principle involved, to other purposss than wheelbarrow making. Wherever a light and yet strong implement is desired, one which will stand all the vicissitudes of our climate, with its extreme moistnrs and aridity, aud it can be formed of tubular iron instead of wood, which latter, is forever swelling and shrinking until it falls in pisces, it should bs so constructed. The frames of harrows and cultivators, of horse-rakes and parts of harvesters and even the framos of wagons might he made of tuhular iron that wonld last a man’s lifetime. Inventors, try your genius on tubular iron, patent its application to the implement to which you discover its adaptability, and make your fortunes. New Incorporations. The following have filed certificates with the County Clerk, San Francisco. Bowers M. Co.—Feb. 20. Location: Gold Hill District, Silver county, Nevada. Capital, $500,000; in $5,000 shares. Trustees—Richard Ivers, C. Jones, L. B. Frankel, Cbauncy B. Land and A ‘Fleeshbacher. Louise M. Co.—Feh. 26. Location: Pioche District, Lincoln county, Nevada. Capital stock, $1,200,000, in 12,000 shares. Trustees — A Kohler, S$. A. Raymond, 8S. A. Coburn, Watson Webb and A. K. Chase. Jcanita Consouipaten 8S, M. Co.—Feb. 26. Location: Esmeralda county, Nevada. Capital stock, $5,000,000, divided into 50,000 shares. Trustees—Wm. Sharon, A. K. P. Harmon, J. D. Fry, J. H. Rohinson, A. L. Greeley. Sinver Hitt M. Co.—Feb. 27. Location: Gold Hill District, Storey county, Nevada. Capital Stock, $5,400,000, in 54,000 shares. Trustees—A. K. P. Harmon, James C. Flood, Chauncy B. Land, Joseph Holland and W. 5. Hobart. Wooprianp (Gr. Ml. Co.—Feb, 28. Location: Calaveras county, California. ‘Trustees—Wm. J. Gunn, Charles F. Brown, William Stuart, George Bower and John H. Wood. Capital stock, $1,000,000, in 10,000 shares. ‘West Point,” by ‘“‘ Crooks,” will appear next week. Col. L. M. Black, of Montana, We give, herewith, a portrait of Col. Leauder M. Black, ef Montana, engraved at this office from a photograph fnrnished by one of the Colonel's friends at Bozeman, his place of resideuce. Col, B. is emphatically called a solf made man. le left his native State (Kentucky) in 1859, withall his worldly effects iu a satchsl, and started for tho ‘* ar West,” bringing np in Colorado, where, hy the spring of 1866 ho had acenmulated a fortune of $250,000, and reached aseat inthe upper hranch of the Territorial Legislature. Ahout this time he left Colorado for Montana, which he has adopted as his permanent home, and whore he has added largely to his possessions; hut what is of far more importance, ho has also been so fortunato and honorahlo in his dealings with his neighbors, and his publie and private life has hoon so uniformly faultloss that ho has secured the friendship and attachment with all whom he has come in coutact. No man in the Territory has manifested moro energy and public spirit in advanc‘ing the general interest of that region than has the subjsct of this sketch. At a critical junction in the history of the Territory, CoOL. L. M. BLACK. and when large numhers of hostile Indians were threatening its dsstruction, and when in response to a call for troops, men were found in abundance, hut no means for feeding them, Col. Black came forward promptly, saying, ‘‘I will feed all who will fight.” He was as good as his word, and long trains of provisions were soon rolling along the road toward the Yellow Stone, to feed the voluntser protectors of Montana. In this prompt act of patriot ism the Colonel expended ahout $150,000, nota dollar of which has yet been re turned to him hy the Government, whose duty it was to protect the citizens of the Territory at the national expense. We havenow in the hands of the engraver, a large andspirited representation of the city of Bozeman, Col. Black’s place of residsnce, which will soon appsar in our columns, with appropriate reference to its history, etc. QuicxstuyER.—The following table shows the amount of quicksilver produced in tbe last thrse years: 1869. 1870. 1871. Flasks, Flasks. Fiasks, New Almaden mine 17,000 14,000 18,763 New Idria mine.. 10,460 10,000 5 Redington mine... 26,000 4,546 2,128 And sundry other mines..1,160 1,000 1,763 Totals, .. 0006+ 62 03d,600 29,546 $1,881 Grarww.—The Alta’s commercial correspondent writing from New York, says the harvests of sonthern Russia which are coming in, show sucb nnnsual deficits, that there will he but little grain for export from what has heen one of the chief supply districts of Europe. Nearly the whole crop will be needed for home consumption. Mr. Gro. B. Evurry, now on his way to London will act as suhscription and advertising agent for the Screntirio Press and Runa Press while in that city. His address will be, 5, Lothbury, London, E. C. Eng. A New Arctic Expedition. Mr. Octave Pavy, a Frenchman, who recently arrived here, has inaugurated an expedition with a view of reaching the North Pols hy way of Behring’s Straits. Ho will leavo San Francisco in May in a chartered vessel for Petropaulvoski, where he proposes to procure reindeor, dogs, sledges, etc., necessary for his land journey. He will then proceed through Bebring’s Straits to Cape Yakan, on tho northeast coast of Siberia, where the expedition will leave the vessels and proceed on its own acconnt. Complete outfits have been provided, and among them a somewbat novsl raft constructed of rubher after the style of the Nonparsil, which crossed the Atlantic in 43 days. Ths raft is msde of fonr cigar-shaped cylinders, fasteued in tho deoks by wooden slats to which the masts, rigging, eto. are attached. Tho whole thing, which is sloop-riggced, is so arranged that it ean bs packed in a harrel, while, whsn ready for ssrvice it has a capacity of carrying 10,000 pounds of freight, besides the crew. When it is necessary Mr. Pavy will cross the land on sledges, carrying the boat withhim. Hs is very sanguine of success and has given the subject thorough study. He concludes that while so many have attsmpted the passage by the other route to an open Polar Sea, the existence of which was conelnsively settled by Dr. Kane in 1861, it remains for bim to prove that it can only be approached by way of Behring’s Straits. Mr. Pavy proposes to make observations on the direction of the cnrrents and their temperature, tides, Aurora Borealis, variations of the compass, and scientific matters generally. He is endorsed by the Geographical Society of Paris, the American Geographical Society of New York, and kindred societies elsewhere. The whole party is to consist of only six men. The usual anti-scorhutie provisions have been supplied and the expedition will be well fitted out generally. We wish the enterprise all success, and bope that no serious impediments will obstruct their progress to the much-talked-of opsn Polar Sea. In Memoriam. Dien.—In Westfield, Mass., Feb. 19th, 1872, Mazia K. WrELues, aged 72 years, widow of Roland Dewey and mother of E. M. and A. T. Dewey, of this State. Our mother has departed! Her jonrney of seventy-two years, throngh the rugged way we all are hastening, has ended. Strong, resolute and dutiful, her life here—the building of her life hereafter—was one of continued labor. Her sweets here have been the recurring harvests of her honest toils and humble teachings. Blessed ever be her memory. Separation may loosen and time lessen the attachment of friend, brother and sister; hut age and distance fail to lessen the fondness and faithfulness of a trne mother—the ever-loving and watchful beart, whose loss we cannot restore from out the world’s vast field of friendship. Passing away through pain that none of less courage eonld have so patiently endured, we are consoled with thoughts, now, that surely ‘there is rest for the weary:iu the sweet fields of Eden.” —n. Exvrvator.—Bradley & Rulofson, the enterprising photographers, No. 424 Montgomory street, have added to their other improvements a patent hydraulic elevator, by means of which ladies and gentlemen are carried to the top of the huilding withont any muscular exertion. They hada reception oa the 24th inst., and many availed themselves of the occasion to take a ride. Improven Barery.—Weister & Co., No. 17 New Montgomery St., can furnish a new method of constructing furnaces for large bakeries worth examining into by those about hnilding or remodeling. It is under Baker's patent, Dee. 5, 1871. Tue Orizaba brought up 968 bars of bullion from Cerro Gordo District, valued st $25,000, The Sacramento Basin. From the dome of tho Capitol at Sacramento the expanse of water visible around, has more the appearance of a vast basin filled to the brim, thau a fertile agricultural valley. It will be well for tbose who think it an easy matter to suggest a perfectly feasible plan for the reclamation of theso low, valley lands, by a system of levees aloug the banks of tho Sacramento river exclusively, and sbutting off in many instances by dams the auxiliary drainage offered by tho unimerous slougbs that traverse tbe tule lands back from tbe river proper, to carefully examine and make a note of the enormons quantity of water to be displaced by drainage, before a large part of theso lands can he made dry cnougb the coming summer for successful culture. Make a note also of the probable bight of levee tbat would be required at this time, were all the water that uow covers the valley, heaped up from botb sides and deposited npon a base only as wide as the river hed. It is o mistake to supposo that any levee built at reasonable cost, can be made, that will hold all this great hody of water sot up as it were on edge. In every otber conntry in tbe world where levees are huilt to confine large rivers from overflow, they are hack from the banks at distances from one fourth to balf a mile on either side. And where the conntry is lower at a distance from the river, than directly on its banks, wide artificial water courses with heavy embankments are constructed through the lowest of the grounds to serve as helpers to drainage during seasous of cxecssive overflow. If such partly natural and partly artificial rivers are required in Italy to convey the waters of the Alps to the river Po, and they certainly are, may not the same principle be applied witb equal benefit to the great Sacramento Basiu and its surplus waters. Mining Accidents. A miner named Peter Sevie, working in the Yellow Jacket mine fell 40 feet down en ore chute, on the 13th inst., and was very muoh bruissd. J. K. Williams while working on a ladder in the Idaho mine last week, fell a distanos of 12 fect and received severe injuries. A miner hy tbe name of Rowe working on the Ksnt County lode in Montana, fell 40 feet, on the 30th ult., breaking two ribs and otherwise injuring him. Theodore Oreilli while running in bis claim near Clippsr Hill, El Dorado Co., last week was caved upon and killed. Gso. Robinson was bsdly hruised in Hardy’s claims last week by some boulders falling on him. The sane paper informs us that Hector McKay was killed in the Redding claim at Whisky Diggings. He was running a load of dirt down a grade of the tunnel when the oar jumped the track, knocked out the timbering and let acave down upon him. He was 21 ysars of age. Saes,—TheGeorgetown Ainer, says that the Snowdrift miue has heen sold to a company of English capitalists ; figures not given. From the Helena Gazeile we learn that M. H. Ryan of Beartown, M. T., has purohased an interest in the mining ground of R. and N. Kennedy for the sum of $10,000. Tur Istumus or Susz has beea doubled in width within the period of authentic history. When Herodotus wrote, Heropolis stood upon the shore of the Red Sea. The site of tbat city is now about equidistant from that sea and the Mediterranean. This increase in tbe breadth of the istbmans is due to the sand which is constantly heing thrown up by the waves of the Red Sea. A DiscuamEer.—We have been assured it was not tbo intention of the San Francisco Boiler Works to convey the impression that the first steel boilers on tbis coast were made there, but by the men who are at this time employed in that establishment.

March 2, 1872.] SCIENTIFIC PRESS. 137 Giant Powder in Grass Valley. The Grass Valley Cnrion flings some had words at us for a paragraph which appeared ina commnnication in the Press of Feb. 2ith, with regard to the present unhappy coutroversy now going on in that town in reforenco to tho use of Giant powder in the mines. When tho article was ponned aud passed the suporvision of the editor of this paper, tho facts set forth therein wero strictly true, taking tho Union’s own version of tho matter at the timo. Unfortunately, however, tho article after hoing putin typo and proved, was crowded ont of the issue for which it was prepared, and found its way into tho next number withont our notice, aftor the condition of the controversy had materially changed, hy the murderons attacks alluded to hy the Union. Our record will show that, whilo we are ever ready to advoeate the realinterests of the miner, ws have never sustained them in any unlawful acts. Indoed, in the very article quoted hy tho Union, tho following paragraph occurs: ‘‘ They [the miners} may dspend upon our hearty support so long as thoy only resort to ateful means to ahate what they claim is a serious injury to their interests.” The Union also intimates that the ohjectionahle paragraph was called ont throngh the influence of nnworthy notices connected with the sale of Dr. Blatchley’s patont for allaying the fumes of Giant powder by meansof a waterjet. In making the allusion to that patent, we were only following our usual very proper policy of calling special attention to what we consider meritorious in our advertising columns, and in furtherance of this idsu onr readers will find some additional remarks upon the subject this week, to which we would call their especial attention. THe Tunvunar Iron WaerELparrow.— This is one of thoss simple yet excellsnt inventions, that whilst it seems strange that it was never thought of before, possesses 2 merit that ought to stimulate our inyeutors to the application of the principle involved, to other purposss than wheelbarrow making. Wherever a light and yet strong implement is desired, one which will stand all the vicissitudes of our climate, with its extreme moistnrs and aridity, aud it can be formed of tubular iron instead of wood, which latter, is forever swelling and shrinking until it falls in pisces, it should bs so constructed. The frames of harrows and cultivators, of horse-rakes and parts of harvesters and even the framos of wagons might he made of tuhular iron that wonld last a man’s lifetime. Inventors, try your genius on tubular iron, patent its application to the implement to which you discover its adaptability, and make your fortunes. New Incorporations. The following have filed certificates with the County Clerk, San Francisco. Bowers M. Co.—Feb. 20. Location: Gold Hill District, Silver county, Nevada. Capital, $500,000; in $5,000 shares. Trustees—Richard Ivers, C. Jones, L. B. Frankel, Cbauncy B. Land and A ‘Fleeshbacher. Louise M. Co.—Feh. 26. Location: Pioche District, Lincoln county, Nevada. Capital stock, $1,200,000, in 12,000 shares. Trustees — A Kohler, S$. A. Raymond, 8S. A. Coburn, Watson Webb and A. K. Chase. Jcanita Consouipaten 8S, M. Co.—Feb. 26. Location: Esmeralda county, Nevada. Capital stock, $5,000,000, divided into 50,000 shares. Trustees—Wm. Sharon, A. K. P. Harmon, J. D. Fry, J. H. Rohinson, A. L. Greeley. Sinver Hitt M. Co.—Feb. 27. Location: Gold Hill District, Storey county, Nevada. Capital Stock, $5,400,000, in 54,000 shares. Trustees—A. K. P. Harmon, James C. Flood, Chauncy B. Land, Joseph Holland and W. 5. Hobart. Wooprianp (Gr. Ml. Co.—Feb, 28. Location: Calaveras county, California. ‘Trustees—Wm. J. Gunn, Charles F. Brown, William Stuart, George Bower and John H. Wood. Capital stock, $1,000,000, in 10,000 shares. ‘West Point,” by ‘“‘ Crooks,” will appear next week. Col. L. M. Black, of Montana, We give, herewith, a portrait of Col. Leauder M. Black, ef Montana, engraved at this office from a photograph fnrnished by one of the Colonel's friends at Bozeman, his place of resideuce. Col, B. is emphatically called a solf made man. le left his native State (Kentucky) in 1859, withall his worldly effects iu a satchsl, and started for tho ‘* ar West,” bringing np in Colorado, where, hy the spring of 1866 ho had acenmulated a fortune of $250,000, and reached aseat inthe upper hranch of the Territorial Legislature. Ahout this time he left Colorado for Montana, which he has adopted as his permanent home, and whore he has added largely to his possessions; hut what is of far more importance, ho has also been so fortunato and honorahlo in his dealings with his neighbors, and his publie and private life has hoon so uniformly faultloss that ho has secured the friendship and attachment with all whom he has come in coutact. No man in the Territory has manifested moro energy and public spirit in advanc‘ing the general interest of that region than has the subjsct of this sketch. At a critical junction in the history of the Territory, CoOL. L. M. BLACK. and when large numhers of hostile Indians were threatening its dsstruction, and when in response to a call for troops, men were found in abundance, hut no means for feeding them, Col. Black came forward promptly, saying, ‘‘I will feed all who will fight.” He was as good as his word, and long trains of provisions were soon rolling along the road toward the Yellow Stone, to feed the voluntser protectors of Montana. In this prompt act of patriot ism the Colonel expended ahout $150,000, nota dollar of which has yet been re turned to him hy the Government, whose duty it was to protect the citizens of the Territory at the national expense. We havenow in the hands of the engraver, a large andspirited representation of the city of Bozeman, Col. Black’s place of residsnce, which will soon appsar in our columns, with appropriate reference to its history, etc. QuicxstuyER.—The following table shows the amount of quicksilver produced in tbe last thrse years: 1869. 1870. 1871. Flasks, Flasks. Fiasks, New Almaden mine 17,000 14,000 18,763 New Idria mine.... 10,460 10,000 5 Redington mine..... 26,000 4,546 2,128 And sundry other mines...1,160 1,000 1,763 Totals, .... 0006+ 62 03d,600 29,546 $1,881 Grarww.—The Alta’s commercial correspondent writing from New York, says the harvests of sonthern Russia which are coming in, show sucb nnnsual deficits, that there will he but little grain for export from what has heen one of the chief supply districts of Europe. Nearly the whole crop will be needed for home consumption. Mr. Gro. B. Evurry, now on his way to London will act as suhscription and advertising agent for the Screntirio Press and Runa Press while in that city. His address will be, 5, Lothbury, London, E. C. Eng. A New Arctic Expedition. Mr. Octave Pavy, a Frenchman, who recently arrived here, has inaugurated an expedition with a view of reaching the North Pols hy way of Behring’s Straits. Ho will leavo San Francisco in May in a chartered vessel for Petropaulvoski, where he proposes to procure reindeor, dogs, sledges, etc., necessary for his land journey. He will then proceed through Bebring’s Straits to Cape Yakan, on tho northeast coast of Siberia, where the expedition will leave the vessels and proceed on its

own acconnt. Complete outfits have been provided, and among them a somewbat novsl raft constructed of rubher after the style of the Nonparsil, which crossed the Atlantic in 43 days. Ths raft is msde of fonr cigar-shaped cylinders, fasteued in tho deoks by wooden slats to which the masts, rigging, eto. are attached. Tho whole thing, which is sloop-riggced, is so arranged that it ean bs packed in a harrel, while, whsn ready for ssrvice it has a capacity of carrying 10,000 pounds of freight, besides the crew. When it is necessary Mr. Pavy will cross the land on sledges, carrying the boat withhim. Hs is very sanguine of success and has given the subject thorough study. He concludes that while so many have attsmpted the passage by the other route to an open Polar Sea, the existence of which was conelnsively settled by Dr. Kane in 1861, it remains for bim to prove that it can only be approached by way of Behring’s Straits. Mr. Pavy proposes to make observations on the direction of the cnrrents and their temperature, tides, Aurora Borealis, variations of the compass, and scientific matters generally. He is endorsed by the Geographical Society of Paris, the American Geographical Society of New York, and kindred societies elsewhere. The whole party is to consist of only six men. The usual anti-scorhutie provisions have been supplied and the expedition will be well fitted out generally. We wish the enterprise all success, and bope that no serious impediments will obstruct their progress to the much-talked-of opsn Polar Sea. In Memoriam. Dien.—In Westfield, Mass., Feb. 19th, 1872, Mazia K. WrELues, aged 72 years, widow of Roland Dewey and mother of E. M. and A. T. Dewey, of this State. Our mother has departed! Her jonrney of seventy-two years, throngh the rugged way we all are hastening, has ended. Strong, resolute and dutiful, her life here—the building of her life hereafter—was one of continued labor. Her sweets here have been the recurring harvests of her honest toils and humble teachings. Blessed ever be her memory. Separation may loosen and time lessen the attachment of friend, brother and sister; hut age and distance fail to lessen the fondness and faithfulness of a trne mother—the ever-loving and watchful beart, whose loss we cannot restore from out the world’s vast field of friendship. Passing away through pain that none of less courage eonld have so patiently endured, we are consoled with thoughts, now, that surely ‘there is rest for the weary:iu the sweet fields of Eden.” —n. Exvrvator.—Bradley & Rulofson, the enterprising photographers, No. 424 Montgomory street, have added to their other improvements a patent hydraulic elevator, by means of which ladies and gentlemen are carried to the top of the huilding withont any muscular exertion. They hada reception oa the 24th inst., and many availed themselves of the occasion to take a ride. Improven Barery.—Weister & Co., No. 17 New Montgomery St., can furnish a new method of constructing furnaces for large bakeries worth examining into by those about hnilding or remodeling. It is under Baker's patent, Dee. 5, 1871. Tue Orizaba brought up 968 bars of bullion from Cerro Gordo District, valued st $25,000, The Sacramento Basin. From the dome of tho Capitol at Sacramento the expanse of water visible around, has more the appearance of a vast basin filled to the brim, thau a fertile agricultural valley. It will be well for tbose who think it an easy matter to suggest a perfectly feasible plan for the reclamation of theso low, valley lands, by a system of levees aloug the banks of tho Sacramento river exclusively, and sbutting off in many instances by dams the auxiliary drainage offered by tho unimerous slougbs that traverse tbe tule lands back from tbe river proper, to carefully examine and make a note of the enormons quantity of water to be displaced by drainage, before a large part of theso lands can he made dry cnougb the coming summer for successful culture. Make a note also of the probable bight of levee tbat would be required at this time, were all the water that uow covers the valley, heaped up from botb sides and deposited npon a base only as wide as the river hed. It is o mistake to supposo that any levee built at reasonable cost, can be made, that will hold all this great hody of water sot up as it were on edge. In every otber conntry in tbe world where levees are huilt to confine large rivers from overflow, they are hack from the banks at distances from one fourth to balf a mile on either side. And where the conntry is lower at a distance from the river, than directly on its banks, wide artificial water courses with heavy embankments are constructed through the lowest of the grounds to serve as helpers to drainage during seasous of cxecssive overflow. If such partly natural and partly artificial rivers are required in Italy to convey the waters of the Alps to the river Po, and they certainly are, may not the same principle be applied witb equal benefit to the great Sacramento Basiu and its surplus waters. Mining Accidents. A miner named Peter Sevie, working in the Yellow Jacket mine fell 40 feet down en ore chute, on the 13th inst., and was very muoh bruissd. J. K. Williams while working on a ladder in the Idaho mine last week, fell a distanos of 12 fect and received severe injuries. A miner hy tbe name of Rowe working on the Ksnt County lode in Montana, fell 40 feet, on the 30th ult., breaking two ribs and otherwise injuring him. Theodore Oreilli while running in bis claim near Clippsr Hill, El Dorado Co., last week was caved upon and killed. Gso. Robinson was bsdly hruised in Hardy’s claims last week by some boulders falling on him. The sane paper informs us that Hector McKay was killed in the Redding claim at Whisky Diggings. He was running a load of dirt down a grade of the tunnel when the oar jumped the track, knocked out the timbering and let acave down upon him. He was 21 ysars of age. Saes,—TheGeorgetown Ainer, says that the Snowdrift miue has heen sold to a company of English capitalists ; figures not given. From the Helena Gazeile we learn that M. H. Ryan of Beartown, M. T., has purohased an interest in the mining ground of R. and N. Kennedy for the sum of $10,000. Tur Istumus or Susz has beea doubled in width within the period of authentic history. When Herodotus wrote, Heropolis stood upon the shore of the Red Sea. The site of tbat city is now about equidistant from that sea and the Mediterranean. This increase in tbe breadth of the istbmans is due to the sand which is constantly heing thrown up by the waves of the Red Sea. A DiscuamEer.—We have been assured it was not tbo intention of the San Francisco Boiler Works to convey the impression that the first steel boilers on tbis coast were made there, but by the men who are at this time employed in that establishment.