Enter a name, company, place or keywords to search across this item. Then click "Search" (or hit Enter).
Go to the Archive Home
Go to Thumbnail View of this Item
Go to Single Page View of this Item
Download the Page Image
Copy the Page Text to the Clipboard
Don't highlight the search terms on the Image
Show the Page Image
Show the Image Page Text
Reset View and Center Image
Zoom Out
Zoom In
Rotate Left
Rotate Right
Toggle Full Page View
Flip Image Horizontally
More Information About this Image
Get a Citation for Page or Image - Copy to the Clipboard
Go to the Previous Page (or Left Arrow key)
Go to the Next Page (or Right Arrow key)
Page: of 424
152 SCIENTIFIC PRESS. [March g, 1872.
Scientific Dress,
W. B. EWER...cccsecccecersseccecccece SEnIon Eprror.
DEWEY & CO., Publishers.
OEO. EH. ATRONG, A. T. DEWEY, et eee
Ww. B. EWER,
Office, No. 338 Montgomery St., S. E. Corner of California St., diagonally across from
Wells, Fargo & Co.’s.
SUBSCRIPTION AND ADVERTISING RATES.
ADVERTISING RarEs.—1 week. Lmonth, 3 months. l year.
Per line. ....00ceen0++ 25 80 $2.00 $5.00
One-half inch $108 $3.00 7.50 20.00
One inch.........s0+6 2.00 5.00 14.00 38.00
Large advert ts at favorable rates, @pecial or
i ta, notices reading notices, legal adv 1 Pp
In extraordinary type or In particular parts of the paper,
inserted at special rates.
Supscrietions payshle in advance—For one year, $4;
six montha, $2.50; three months, $1 25. Clube of ten
Dames or more, $3 each per annum. $5, in advance,
will pay for 145 year. Remittances hy registered lettera
or P. O. orders at our risk.
English and Colonial suhscriptions, post paid, per year,
£1 35.3 6 months, 128, Advertisements, per line, first insertion, lg.; snbsequent insertions, each,8d. Large advertiserments at special rates,
San Francisco:
Saturday Morning, Mar. 9, 1872.
SS
Gold and Legal Tender Rates.San Francisco, Wednesday, March 6, 1872.—Legal
Tenders buying 91\; selling, 9124. Gold in New York
to-day, 1101,
Table of Contents.
Eprrorrais.—An Act to Enforce the Responslbility of
@tockholders; The Geological Survey; Academy of
Sciences, 145. Our MlnIng Prospecta, 152. Our Home
Industriea, British Africa—Dlamonda and Gold, 158.
Notlcea of Recent Patents; Mechanics Institute, 156.
IntusrRations. — Portable Sawmlll, 145. Meeting a
Grizzly. 150. Improved Tug Buckle, 152. Bolt
Attachment, 153.
CORRESPONDENCE.— Mining at West Point; Ophir, Utah
Territory; Banner Nistrict, San Diego Co., 146. _
Misina SummMary.—Reporta from Mines In various
States, Nountles and Districts; Stock Reports; Markets.
Ete., 148-9.
MEoHANICAL PROORESS.—Wood Carving by Machlnery;
Fireproof Wood for Buildings; Coating with Varnish, t47,
@clENTIFIC Procress.—Spiral Leyden Jar; An Astronomics] Prohlem; Estimation of Graphite: Iron and
Cadmium; Consumption of Smoke; Gas Pokers, 147.
USEFUL InFORMATION.—Removing the Odor of Carbolic
Acid; Clearing Bean of India; Comhining Scents;
Curious Customs: Preparation of Hides, 151.
Goop Hearre.—The Effect of Light on Smallpox
Pustules; Cure of Flatulency; Decay of the Teeth;
Cold Cream, 161.
DomEstio Eoonoary ~Sonp and How to Make It; How to
Trap Rats; Good Fried Cakea; How to Choose Butter;
MEo#aNicAL Hints.—Alloy for Joining Brass to Iron:
Architectural Competition in Berlin; Bronzing, 155.
MisorLisneova.—Our Mines on the London Market ;
Characteristics of Mineral Veins, 146. Hunt & Douglas
Process for the Extraction of Copper from Its Ores,
150. The Agriculture of the Mormons; A Chiccory
Manufactory: Deposit of Mineral Paint, 151. Desilverizing Black Copper; The Wlne Interest, 154.
Sucezsrions ror LevEe Consrrucrons.—A
correepondent, Mrs. Wm. Taylor, suggests as a
Means of preventing the drying and cracking
of the leveee, by which the water often finds its
way through, that about two feet in width of
sand should be filled into the middle of the
levees from bottom to top. Such a mode of
construction would make them absolutely water
tight. Then, to prevent the eurface from cracking, it shouldhe covered with six or seven inches
of sand as soon as the work has become hard
enough to bear the weight of a horse and cart.
The sand will act as a mulch to exclude the
codperative action of the sun. A sand or soil
suitable for such a purpose can generally be
found about 244 feet below the surface. This
remedy only calls for a little more patience and
labor, and it is thought that it will be found
much more effective and practical, than using
the levee as a thoroughfare, for driving stock
upon it, as has been suggested
Merzoronoorcan Rerorts.—The practical
value of meteorological reports has heen satisfactorily demoustrated by the results accompliehed by the U. S. Signal Service during the
past year. A comparison between the marine
disasters of November and December of 1870
and 1871, shows a fallingoff from 366 in 1870 to
233 in 1871, and last year was noted for severe
and sudden storms. We are glad to ece that
this important branch of science is properly
appreciated in this State, and a bill has heen introduced in the Legislature hy Mr. Minis providing for the estahlishment of a meteorological station in every county in the State.
AntEstan WELLS IN Los AncELEsS CounTy.—
We learn from an article in the Star that
there are now about 100 wells in that county,
hut that half of them are running. One of the
beet is only 27 feet deep; two are 29 and one
39 feet. These are the shallowest artesiau
wells in the State. These four shallow wells
—a fifth of 92 feet, andasixth of 135 feet deep—
aresituated within a radius of four miles, and,
together throw up 1,000,000 gallons daily. The
average bore of these wells is seven inches.
Our Mining Prospects.
We hear from all parts of the Coast of
the prospects of more than an average
prosperity in the various gold and eilver
mining districte. The great scarcity of
water that has prevailed during the past
two years hae had a very eerious influence
on the mining as well as the agricultural
products of this State, and the wonder is
that we are ahle to show euch a goodly
array of figuree in eumming upthe hullion
yield as we have. However, our miners
will have no canee to find fault with any
scarcity of water this year.
Tho placer mining interests have suffered more materially than any other,
though many quartz mille have heen compelled to lie idle or run a limited number
of stamps. Now we hear from all parts
the good tidings that water ie plenty, new
mills are going up or are projected, old
onee heing resuscitated and improvements
added, new and improved furnaces heing
erected in the baee metal districts, and
ditches heing hnilt to supply camps where
a scarcity of water has retarded operatione, and husinees proepeote look hright
everywhere.
California.
In California a numher of placer mines
which have been abandoned for want of
water will he worked to advantage hy
means of newly introduced ditches. Old
districts are being filled with miners who
are locating new leads or re-locating old
ones which will pay hy the processes now
in vogue for the extraction of metal. Distant and ont-of-the-way places in the State
are producing their quota, and localities
little known are coming into notoriety. As
far north as Siskiyou the placer minee are
yielding a goodly quantity of gold and at
the extreme eouthern end, in San Diego
county, the two districte located a few
years since, bid fair to prove valuahle, and
that too on their own merits,—little capital being invested there.
Nevada.
The recent rich developments on the
Cometock lode in Nevada are calculated to
strengthen the idea that thie wonderful
vein is the hest and most permanent fiseure vein in the world. Ithas made for
itself a world-wide reputation and is euetaining it woll. The metallurgical experience acquired hy explorations on that one
vein hae done more to further the mining
interests on this coast than any other one
thing. The Washoe ,process with all its
intricaciee is well known all over the world
The machinery, the reeults of the lahor of
inventive genius called for hy the requiremente of the large hodies of ore of varied
character produced hy thie vein, now enters largely into the metallurgical processes of older countries. A numher of new
districts have heen struck in Nevada, eome
of which hnt await the opening of spring
to receive a large influx of mining pioneers
who seem to he lying in wait for just snch
chances to ‘‘ cast their lines in new places ”
and make a ‘““home etake,”
Utah.
In Utah, mining mattere, although in
their infaney are progressing favorably.
She already ranks third in the eeale of
mineral wealth—California and Nevada
only surpassing her. Until the past few
yeare the geological characteristics of that
Territory have been but little known, hut
since the discovery of lead and silver within her horders, the country ie covered with
nomadic bands and parties of prospectore
eager in their search for hidden riches.
By the time that this hardy crowd have
roamed about for half the time that those
of the same class have in Califoruia and
Nevada we may expect to hear of new and
wonderful discoveries and developments
that seem to he warranted by present prospects. Utah has already added more than
her quota of new districte, dnring the past
year, the accounts from most of which are
flattering for future prosperity.
Arizona.
Arizona eends words of cheer intermingled with those of sorrow. Her minesare
proving rich beyond expectation; new diecoveriee are constantly heing made and the
minere themselves are filled with hopes of
future success. But all the news that
comes from that remote and half civilized
section of this enlightened Republic, containe stafemente to the effect that not only
mining hut all classes of industry are eeriously hindered hy the atrocities of the
murderous Apaches. There is no safety
for life, limh, or property. Prospecting
has to be done in hands or not at all,
Peaceahle miners in the pursuit of their
vocation are shot down, pick and shovel in
hand, and no protection is vouch safed hy
the general Government. The inhabitants
saw a glimmer of hope in the arrival of
General Crook, whose policy is to exterminate the Indians entirely as the most
efficient means of making peace with them,
a plan kindred to the eentiments of the
reeidents of the Territory who ought to
know what its necessities are. Now, we
hear that more ‘Peace Commissionere”
are to he employed and the General’s benevolent intentions are eadly interfered
with. Well, the anthorities know best, of
course, bnt the Commissioners, even after
they have made the ‘‘ most successful and
hinding treatiee” with the fiendish Indians, generally consider it advisable to send
requisitione to the officers of the posts for
@ mnumeroue and well-appointed escort
which a private citizen cannot get. This
is sufficient evidence of the opinions they
themselves entertain of said “ treaties.”
But how is it with a few poor miners,
those pioneere of civilization, many of
whose hones lie bleaching on the alkali
plaine, the result of their unwise prospect:
ing trips. We will hope that some day
the Territory will he in a fit state for the
entrance of a large nnmber of men who
want to go there, hut who hear of the
enormities committed there and conclude
to wait a while. Meantime a few brave
and fearlese individuals, hronzed and
burned hy the fierce Arizona sun, contend
at the muzzle of the rifle with their wily
foee, for the possession of their righte.
These are the men who will carry anything through, no matter what, and we expect ere long from the promieee ehe has
already given, to see Arizona high up in
the list of mineral-producing regions.
Idaho is progreesing rapidly; eo also is
New Mexico. Montana etill holde her
well-won reputation as a gold-producing
territory, and Washington Territory and
Oregon furnish a ehare to swell the general bullion prodnet of the Coast.
Increased Interest.
As soon a3 the enow is gone from the
mountains, parties will be out proepecting,
and we may hear of new etrikes all over
the country. In the older counties in this
State; capital is heing introduced and developing properties which would otherwise lieidle. The new increased interest
in mining affaire is due to recent developments, ahundance of water, more efficient
management, increased facilities for transportation, improved processes for the extraction of metal and the introduction of
both foreign and home capital. Thousands of miners who have valuahle mines
which have heretofore lain idle will be
ahle to have them!' developed hy this powerful aid, capital.
The Coming Year.
The present year will doubtless be the
most important one for the mining interests
that we have ever had in thie country, and
with the opening of spring we may look
for lively times. This is anfacknowledged
fact and our capitalists and business men
should look to it. San Francisco as the
great money center of this Coast should
foster this hranch of industry as much as
possible. Gold and silver must come and
minee must be worked to get them. We
ought to have the full benefit of all the
trade which this industry requires. More
attention should be paid to it by affording
in this place ample facilities for treating
the ores and prevent this wholesale shipment of ore and minerals to Chicago, St.
Louis, and-Hurope. In most of these places, especially in Europeau towns, capital
is abundant and cheap, and energy and enterprise not wanting. All we want here is
for the capitalists to he alive to their own
interests and all the husiness connected
with an industry which produced last year,
$80,000,000 in solid coin, will be ours.
Hard times are now no excuse; the whole
Coast was never so prosperous ae when we
were dietinctly a mining community; the
time has come again and let us take advantage of it. The mining interest has been
too long in abeyance, and to mining men
and mining operations no cold ehoulder
should be given. There is no pursuit
which offers snch great inducements and
paye as well as mining legitimately carried
on.
Improved Tug Buckle,
Any one who hae ever had much to do
with harnese will appreciate the improvement intug buekles, which our illustration represents. Jt is sometimee almost
imposeihle to let out or take up a trace,
and it can never he done without considerable inconvenience with the old fashioned
huckle. If they have heen in one place
for any length of time they become rnsted
in, and where the harness is heavy it generally requires eome tool to remove the
tongue so as to release the trace. The invention represented in our out is an improved buckle for connecting the trace tug
with the hame.
The buckle frame consists of two side
hars which are united at each end by rods.
One end of each of the bare is tnrned upward, as shown, so that the end of the tug
can pass between the end rod and
cross rod which unites the side bars at the
point where they arehent. The tongue is
loosely attached to another cross har which
unites the two eide bars a short distance
from the opposite end of the frame, and
extends forward towards the cross rod,
where it is hent upward eo as to pass
throngh the hole in the tug and into a hole
in the flat staple plate, hetween which and
the frame the tug passes, A flat epring hae
one end also secured to the cross har, and
extends forward so as to bear against the
under side of the tongue and keep itin
place.
The huckle is very strong and can he
easily released when desired, in order to
change its poeition. The pecnliar conetruction of the tongne permite the etrain to
come equare upon the side of the hole in
the tug, eo that it will laet much longer
than when the ordinary tongne is employed. A bar provides a fastening for the
hame tug so that the two tnes will he connected to the huckle. It will he eeen that
the tug passes between the two bars without heing bent, and is held in that position
by the tongue of the huckle. By so doing
there is no possibility of the tug getting
fixed eo ae to render it difficult to move.
By the tug passing through the huckle
without being bent, an important object is
accomplished, becanse it does not wear
out so quickly. After a tug has been in
one place in the old-fashioned, huckle for
any length of time, one thicknese of the
leather is usually worn out, naturally
weakening it. By the use of this hnekle
the harness will last much longer, for this
difficulty is eutirely obviated, the strain
not coming on so small a portion of the
leather. This very useful invention was
pateuted through the SorentrrFio Press
agency, by N.D. Fowler, of Valley Ford,
Sonoma Co., Cal. Wiester and Co., No.
17 New Montgomery etreet, are agents,
eee