Volume 24 (1872) (424 pages)

200 SCIENTIFIC PRESS) [March 30, 1872. Scisntitic Dress, W.B, EWER..-. pat leees estas «++ SENIOR ENITOR, “DEWEY & CoO., Publishers. GEO, W. STRONG, See INO. L, BOONE W.B, EWER, Office. No. 338 Montgomery St., S. E. Corner of California St., diagonally across from Wells, Fargo & Co.’s. SUBSCRIPTION AND ADVERTISING RATES. ANVERTISINO RATES.—1 week. lmonth. 3 months. 1 year. Per litle. .ssseeeeee 225 80 $2.00 $5.00 One-half inch. «$1.00 $3 00 7,50 20.00 One inch.. asecee 2,00 5.00 14.00 38.00 Large advertisoments at favorahle rates. Special or reading notices, legal advertisements, notices appearing in extraordinary type or in particular parts of the paper, inserted at special rates. Supscurerions payshle in advance—For one year, $4; six months, $2.50; three months, $125. Clubs of ten Tames or more, $3 each per annum. 5, in advance, will pay for 134 year. Remittances hy registered letters or P. O. orders at our risk. English and Colonial suhseriptions, post paid, per year, £1 38.: 6 the, 128, Adverti ee line, first ingertion, 1s,; subsequent insertions, each, 8d. Large advertisements at spacial rates. San F'rancisco: Saturday Morning, Mar. 380, 1872. Gold and Legal Tender Rates. San Francisco, Wednesday, March 27, 1872.—Legal Tenders huying, 914; selling, 91%. Gold in New York to-day, 110%. , Table of Contents. MECHANICAL Procress.—Metal for Bearings; CaseHardening; Steeled Wheels; Curved Locomotive Smoke-Stack; Broad and Narrow Gauge; Iron Cars; Enamel for Metals, 195. SorentrFic Prooress.—Peculiar Phenomena Ohserved jn Quarrying: Tehauntepec Ship Canal; The Late Solar Eclipse; Solid Iron Floating on Melted Iron; SecSystem of Notation; Exploration of Rome, 195. Uservt InFoRMATION.—Light in Darkness; Mattrass Making; The Sterm Sand Jet; Purifying Water; India-ruhber Carriages; Mronanican Hints —To Re. store Furniture; Tempering Spiral Springs; Watch Cleaning, 199. Goon Heaura.—Brandy asa Medicine; When Do Men Die? High-Hesled Shoes; Throat and Lung Diseases; Critical Periods of Human Life; ARemedy for Baldness, 199.DomeEsTio Eoonomy.—Yood, and How to Use It; Tea and Tea Mixe; Food Values; Effect of a Continued Bread Diet; etc.; 203. Enirortats.—The Dank’s Rotary Puddling Furnace: A New Blasting Powder; Geological Report, 193. The Mining Incorporation Law; Ths Thresher's Guide aud Farmer's Friend; Butter Going East; Merhanical Genius; Oregon Looming Up; Steam Plows vs. Horse Plows; New Publications; Coal Ashes, 200. Mining Accidents; Inventor of the Pneumatic Despatch ; Mining Co.'s Reports: Accumulatiou of Tailings, 201. MisortiaNrous.—Utah Ores; The Gold of the Black Hills; Lead: New Discoveries, 194. The Eureka Consolidated Mine: California Wines in Enrope; The Mining Trustees Act; Wool Report for 1871, 194. Suitable Dresses, 199 Alkali Soils, New Incorporations; Smelting in Pittsburgh, 204. Innusrravrions.—Emery Wheels, 193. Oriental Fan Patm,198, An Improved Quartz Mill, 201. CoRRESPONDENCE.—Quartz in Tuolumne County, 194. Mrimwo Summary.—Reports from Mines in various States, Counties and Districts; Stock Reports, Markets, Ete,, 196-7. Cuasine A Merreor.—During the passage of a meteor in Mexico lately, the observations were taken at different places and the progress noted by means of tbe telegraph, from one point to another. The American Journal of Science for March contains the reports of its appearance and time in traveling between different places. Forty-five minntes elapsed from the moment the meteor was observed at Mexico, till the moment it made itself visible at Vera Cruz, 320 Kilometres distant. Truly, electricity can be made subservient to many uses, but this is the first time we ever beard of it ‘‘ heading off” a meteor, like a rnnaway casbier. Coast Revisw.—We have received a nnmher of the Coast Review, a monthly journal heretofore devoted to insurance interests alone, but which has added amining department. Among the articles is one headed “Our Mining Prospects,” creditcd to the Bulletin of the 12th inst., which was taken by that paper from tbe Screnriric Press of the 9th, without the usual courtesy of saying where it came from. The Review has a large field and we wish it snecess. Misina Enrerprisr.—J. T. McClean Esq., has purcbased a gravel claim in 'Table Mountain for $2,000. The Democrat says be has let a contract to get in water enough for working it by bydraulic power, which will cost $12,000. +) <m oe ReEorrveD from L. M. McKenny, Sacramento City Directory, and Gazetteer Directory of Central Pacific Railroad for 1872. On Finz.—‘‘ Notes of Travel in Nevada Co.,” L. P. Mc.; Communication from ‘« Tixile.” The Mining Incorporation Law. We give in another column the full text of the new mining incorporation bill as signed by the Governor. It has already become practically inaugurated by the stockholders of the Savage Mining Co., who held a meeting last Saturday, ousted the Trustees, and elected a new Board. Moreover there are a number of changes contemplated in which the same action will be taken. Still, where the Trustees control one-third of tbe stock no such thing can take place, and if they do not, they will resign rather than undergo the unpleasant notoriety of being ejected. There is no doubt but the law will enforce and create more respect for the wishes of the majority than has hitherto been shown by Trustees, since they now have the power to insist on desired measnres under penalty of removal. The law will undoubtedly reform some of the old abuses which stockbolders were subjected and afford additional safeguards to persons interested in incorporated mining companies. The loose management which has been experienced by many companies can now be remedied, for under the old system Trustees were elected for one year, competent or not, honest or unreliable, whereas now, if the stockholders are dissatisfied they can remove them and substitute new ones till they get a Board that does suit. . The ring system, which has done so much to discourage legitimate mining enterprise has received a check by the passage of this bill, for other parties have some voice in the way mattcrs are managed as well as the Trustees, by having the power to remove them when any symptoms of artifice become apparent. Those who are really honest aud reliable men and who manage their business properly, in the interest of the parties they represent, will be sure to meet with proper appreciation, while objectionable men will seldom hold the position of trustee more tban once. Incorporated companies, with Boards of Trusteos, are necessities which cannot be done away with, for mining of all kinds requires capital which can be procured in no better way, than by consolidation of means; still stock operations should be conducted with bonesty and fair dealing so that the unsophisticated speculator with small means should have some other chance than that of losing his money. Information concerning developments, or strikes in mining ground is as mucb tbe property of one stockholder as another, still we continually see examples where such information is withheld until the trustees, who are supposed to protect the interest of the company, have been able to buy stock at low prices, and then sell out, when the strike became known, ata large advance. This, oftentimes, with the company’s money. The operation of this law will do mucb to uphold and assist the most prosperous and best paying business on the Pa cific Coast, that of mining, for parties who bave heretofore looked upon it as} a very dangerous specnlation, will now enter the field with more confidence, being assured thero are legal rights to stockholdors which trnstees are bound to respect. Stock speculations, of course always will exist, and frauduleut transactions will oceurr, so it is very little use to talk about them, but parties who go into mining companies for the purpose of legitimately working a mine, and who expect their profit in the form of dividends, rather than finctuations of stock, are afforded more protection than ever before in former years. ReEsPonsiziuity oF Stooknorprrs.—The committee on corporations, in the Seuate have reported favorably on the bill to regulate the responsibility of stockholders. Mechanical Genius. A Londou critie of high literary attainment, speake of Joaquin Miller as the ‘‘ uneducated poet,” declaring that the ‘‘ poet was born in him, irreepective of the advantages of education to bring it out.” The same might be said of the mechanical genius of thousands of the boys of our land, includiug the ‘‘ hoodInm ” element. Much of true mechanical genius now lies dormant aud may ever remain so, for the want of some system of encouragement, education or training, some little help to its development. The State of Massachusetts ever awake to the importance of the education of her sons, is moving in the rigbt dircction, by instituting as a branch of her edneational eystem, schools in which the poorer classee may be taught the rudiments of mechanical trados, with the view of drawing out anything like a latent genius, that may be slumbering in minds that but for help thus afforded, might be lost to themselves aud to mankind. Mechanical genius aud invention is makin; tapid develpoment in California as shown by the records of our own company’s patent agency, and yet our Legislature at the instance of tbe people, could do nothing better for tbe educational iuterests of om’ State, than lend every encouragement within the scope of their authority, towards the fostering of a mechanical braucb of our educational system. ——_ ++ Steam Plows vs. Horse Plows. The Vienna Ldw. Zig. containe an official report of some experiments with steam cultivation made in 1870 to 1871, in Altenburg, on lands belonging to the Grand Duke Albrecht of Austria. A field was eelected and dividod into sections of from 6 to 30 acres in euch a manner as to make the comparative trials as fair as possible. Some of these sectione were plowed witb the aid of horses in the common manner, while on othere steam plowe were used. The land was plowed at tbe end of June, 1870, and then left nntouched nntil tbe spring of 1871, when it was planted with bects. The following is the yield per acre of the sections plowed. With Horse Plows 10 to 12 inches deop.. 12,683,5 lbs. With Steam Plows 12 bs 17,796, 2 With Steam Plows 17 With Steam Cultivators 10to 12 “ Showing an increased yield in favor of steam cultivation of 40, 76 and 24 per cent. respectively. ‘* The experimental sections were chosen adjoiniug one another in such a way that difference in the soil conld have had no great influence on tbe increased yield, but only the more perfect work obtained by stcam cultivation.” oom ie California Butter Going to the East. On the Saturday evening freight train of the Central Pacific Railroad there went forward a cargo of California butter—and invoice of 20,000 pounds—forwarded by Wooster & Shattuck, and consigned to Johu 8. Martin & Co., and T. S. Doremus and Co., New York—to go through in eixtcen days. This lot of butter is intended to ehow our Eastern friends that we have articles to export of which California has heretofore been a great importer, and the shippers have taken pains in putting up tbis lot of butter in a manner to do justice to the Point Reyes dairies, A small lot of butter—over 600 ponnds—not at all to compare with thie in quantity, was shipped a year ago, and then attracted a good deal of attention, winning favorable and lengthy notice from the New York Tribune. Our early spring enables our dairymen to enter the market a month earlier than can be possible for the dairymen in tbe colder . climates on the other side of the mountains, and as our grasses at all times give the butter a better flavor than any Eastern article, it ie ex. pected that this shipment will result in a demand for more, or at least will check consignments to this side, now somewhat too numerous. Messrs. Wooster & Shattuck deserve credit for making thie venture, and for the pains taken to increase the reputation of California as a producing State, ahle to compete ‘ with other localities in articles with whicb it was intended to overrun tbis market when the railroad was completed.—AHa. ere Coal Ashes. A subscriber asks if coal ashes are of any valne as a manure for grass lands, or field crops. Coal ashes contain no potash, and as this salt is what gives to wood ashes the principal value it has as a manure or fertilizing agent, it is not worth the cost to apply coal ashee to land. Tbe only exception may be, when applied to stiff clays, its mechanical effect is then to loosen the soil, bnt other tban this, adds nothing to its fertility. Wood ashes leached or unleached ie a valuahle fertilizer applied to any soil or crop, except where the alkali of potash ‘is already abundant in the soil. ". New Publications. We have received from Bancroft & Co., Market street, ‘A Treatise 'on Punctuation,’ by John Wilson, deeigned for letter writers, authors, printere, correctors of the press, and for the uee of schools. It contains an appendix embracing rules on the uee of ‘capitals, a list of abreviations, hints on the preparation of copy and proof-reading, etc., The work hae been in uso in a number of leading institutione of learning for some years, and is of value to all who desire a clear nnderstanding of the subject of which it treats. ‘ Mstheties, or the ‘Science of Beauty,” by John Bascom, from ‘same publiehers, coutains 16 lectures which the author says were written with a desire to supply the want of an exclueive and compact treatise on the principles of taste. It is designed to aid the ordinary studeut of the beauties of the external and ideal world, and to give him a proper appreciation of the beauties of Nature and art. “A Compendious Dictionary of the Greek Language,” by Alpheus Crosby, is intended to supply what ;was believed to be a desideratum iu the list of Greek text-books, viz., a grammar which should be portable and simple enough to put iuto tbe hands of the beginner, and which should yet be sufficiently scientific and complete to accompany him through his whole course, “The Teacher's Guide,’’ companion to Bartholomew’s Drawing Book, No. 1, from same publishers, is iutended for teachers and scholars using Bartholomew’s drawing books (which we have also received.) Hanna’s Complete Ready Reckoner, Log Table and Form Book,” from A. Roman & Co., No. 11 Montgoniery stroet, coutains a complete set of tables for the measurement of all kiudsof timber, lumber, ctc., in all kinds of, waye, to which is added a table of wages, rent, board, or other expenses for any amount per day for any given numbcr of days, interest tables, business forms, etc. oe oe Oregon Looming Up. No longer that out of the way place on the face of the globe, Oregon, from the indomitahle energy of her people and the grand system of railroads now being inangurated and rapidly pushed from point to point in her wide domain, is, as a State, assuming an importance that cannot but attract the attention if not the envy of scme of her older sister States. Her cities and towns have awakened to renewed life and activity, her population is rapidly increasing, and other cvidencee of a progreesive and prosperous future, from this day onward are apparent on every hand, A similar spirit of enterprise with like reeults, scems aleo to have eeized upon the people of Washington Territory, where new and vast improvoments are already in progress, that will have no relapse till a developed country and a mighty people be found where, aud of which, but a few years since we knew bnt little more of, than ae the great North West. The Thresher’s Guide and Farmer’s Friend. Tbe above is the title of a work by D. W. Hollihan, soon to be issued from thepress of Dewey &Co. Itis probably the finest work of the kind ever printed, and will contain full and complete directions for the management of field threshing macbines; the ectting np of the same in the field, the care of everypart of tbe apparatus; how to prevent accidents and delays, by pointing ont the canses of tbe same; the application of horse and steam powers, and their management with full iustructions for keeping all parts of a complcte threshing establishment in perfect order, and at the least possible cost of time, labor and money. It will be a work so complete that every farmer who owus or employs a threshing machine, will find the purchase of a book a good investment. ae Severe EartaquaKe.—Quite a severe carthquake was experieuced about half-past two o’clock on Tuesday morning, which, in some portions of the State was prolonged to a most unusual length of time. Its effects wero also telt over a mnch larger area of territory tban is nshally the case with earthquake shocks in this State. The movement was felt in a nortb and south directiou fully 500 miles, and somethiug over 150 east and west. Had the violence of tbe shock been proportioned to its prolougation, the results would douhtless have been quite serioue; as it was, we hear of no material damage, beyond the sight cracking of a few walls, etc. — .

200 SCIENTIFIC PRESS) [March 30, 1872. Scisntitic Dress, W.B, EWER...-. pat leees estas «++ SENIOR ENITOR, “DEWEY & CoO., Publishers. GEO, W. STRONG, See INO. L, BOONE W.B, EWER, Office. No. 338 Montgomery St., S. E. Corner of California St., diagonally across from Wells, Fargo & Co.’s. SUBSCRIPTION AND ADVERTISING RATES. ANVERTISINO RATES.—1 week. lmonth. 3 months. 1 year. Per litle.. .ssseeeeee 225 80 $2.00 $5.00 One-half inch. «$1.00 $3 00 7,50 20.00 One inch.... asecee 2,00 5.00 14.00 38.00 Large advertisoments at favorahle rates. Special or reading notices, legal advertisements, notices appearing in extraordinary type or in particular parts of the paper, inserted at special rates. Supscurerions payshle in advance—For one year, $4; six months, $2.50; three months, $125. Clubs of ten Tames or more, $3 each per annum. 5, in advance, will pay for 134 year. Remittances hy registered letters or P. O. orders at our risk. English and Colonial suhseriptions, post paid, per year, £1 38.: 6 the, 128, Adverti ee line, first ingertion, 1s,; subsequent insertions, each, 8d. Large advertisements at spacial rates. San F'rancisco: Saturday Morning, Mar. 380, 1872. Gold and Legal Tender Rates. San Francisco, Wednesday, March 27, 1872.—Legal Tenders huying, 914; selling, 91%. Gold in New York to-day, 110%. , Table of Contents. MECHANICAL Procress.—Metal for Bearings; CaseHardening; Steeled Wheels; Curved Locomotive Smoke-Stack; Broad and Narrow Gauge; Iron Cars; Enamel for Metals, 195. SorentrFic Prooress.—Peculiar Phenomena Ohserved jn Quarrying: Tehauntepec Ship Canal; The Late Solar Eclipse; Solid Iron Floating on Melted Iron; SecSystem of Notation; Exploration of Rome, 195. Uservt InFoRMATION.—Light in Darkness; Mattrass Making; The Sterm Sand Jet; Purifying Water; India-ruhber Carriages; Mronanican Hints —To Re. store Furniture; Tempering Spiral Springs; Watch Cleaning, 199. Goon Heaura.—Brandy asa Medicine; When Do Men Die? High-Hesled Shoes; Throat and Lung Diseases; Critical Periods of Human Life; ARemedy for Baldness, 199.DomeEsTio Eoonomy.—Yood, and How to Use It; Tea and Tea Mixe; Food Values; Effect of a Continued Bread Diet; etc.; 203. Enirortats.—The Dank’s Rotary Puddling Furnace: A New Blasting Powder; Geological Report, 193. The Mining Incorporation Law; Ths Thresher's Guide aud Farmer's Friend; Butter Going East; Merhanical Genius; Oregon Looming Up; Steam Plows vs. Horse Plows; New Publications; Coal Ashes, 200. Mining Accidents; Inventor of the Pneumatic Despatch ; Mining Co.'s Reports: Accumulatiou of Tailings, 201. MisortiaNrous.—Utah Ores; The Gold of the Black Hills; Lead: New Discoveries, 194. The Eureka Consolidated Mine: California Wines in Enrope; The Mining Trustees Act; Wool Report for 1871, 194. Suitable Dresses, 199 Alkali Soils, New Incorporations; Smelting in Pittsburgh, 204. Innusrravrions.—Emery Wheels, 193. Oriental Fan Patm,198, An Improved Quartz Mill, 201. CoRRESPONDENCE.—Quartz in Tuolumne County, 194. Mrimwo Summary.—Reports from Mines in various States, Counties and Districts; Stock Reports, Markets, Ete,, 196-7. Cuasine A Merreor.—During the passage of a meteor in Mexico lately, the observations were taken at different places and the progress noted by means of tbe telegraph, from one point to another. The American Journal of Science for March contains the reports of its appearance and time in traveling between different places. Forty-five minntes elapsed from the moment the meteor was observed at Mexico, till the moment it made itself visible at Vera Cruz, 320 Kilometres distant. Truly, electricity can be made subservient to many uses, but this is the first time we ever beard of it ‘‘ heading off” a meteor, like a rnnaway casbier. Coast Revisw.—We have received a nnmher of the Coast Review, a monthly journal heretofore devoted to insurance interests alone, but which has added amining department. Among the articles is one headed “Our Mining Prospects,” creditcd to the Bulletin of the 12th inst., which was taken by that paper from tbe Screnriric Press of the 9th, without the usual courtesy of saying where it came from. The Review has a large field and we wish it snecess. Misina Enrerprisr.—J. T. McClean Esq., has purcbased a gravel claim in 'Table Mountain for $2,000. The Democrat says be has let a contract to get in water enough for working it by bydraulic power, which will cost $12,000. +) <m oe ReEorrveD from L. M. McKenny, Sacramento City Directory, and Gazetteer Directory of Central Pacific Railroad for 1872. On Finz.—‘‘ Notes of Travel in Nevada Co.,” L. P. Mc.; Communication from ‘« Tixile.” The Mining Incorporation Law. We give in another column the full text of the new mining incorporation bill as signed by the Governor. It has already become practically inaugurated by the stockholders of the Savage Mining Co., who held a meeting last Saturday, ousted the Trustees, and elected a new Board. Moreover there are a number of changes contemplated in which the same action will be taken. Still, where the Trustees control one-third of tbe stock no such thing can take place, and if they do not, they will resign rather than undergo the unpleasant notoriety of being ejected. There is no doubt but the law will enforce and create more respect for the wishes of the majority than has hitherto been shown by Trustees, since they now have the power to insist on desired measnres under penalty of removal. The law will undoubtedly reform some of the old abuses which stockbolders were subjected and afford additional safeguards to persons interested in incorporated mining companies. The loose management which has been experienced by many companies can now be remedied, for under the old system Trustees were elected for one year, competent or not, honest or unreliable, whereas now, if the stockholders are dissatisfied they can remove them and substitute new ones till they get a Board that does suit. . The ring system, which has done so much to discourage legitimate mining enterprise has received a check by the passage of this bill, for other parties have some voice in the way mattcrs are managed as well as the Trustees, by having the power to remove them when any symptoms of artifice become apparent. Those who are really honest aud reliable men and who manage their business properly, in the interest of the parties they represent, will be sure to meet with proper appreciation, while objectionable men will seldom hold the position of trustee more tban once. Incorporated companies, with Boards of Trusteos, are necessities which cannot be done away with, for mining of all kinds requires capital which can be procured in no better way, than by consolidation of means; still stock operations should be conducted with bonesty and fair dealing so that the unsophisticated speculator with small means should have some other chance than that of losing his money. Information concerning developments, or strikes in mining ground is as mucb tbe property of one stockholder as another, still we continually see examples where such information is withheld until the trustees, who are supposed to protect the interest of the company, have been able to buy stock at low prices, and then sell out, when the strike became known, ata large advance. This, oftentimes, with the company’s money. The operation of this law will do mucb to uphold and assist the most prosperous and best paying business on the Pa cific Coast, that of mining, for parties who bave heretofore looked upon it as} a very dangerous specnlation, will now enter the field with more confidence, being assured thero are legal rights to stockholdors which trnstees are bound to respect. Stock speculations, of course always will exist, and frauduleut transactions will oceurr, so it is very little use to talk about them, but parties who go into mining companies for the purpose of legitimately working a mine, and who expect their profit in the form of dividends, rather than finctuations of stock, are afforded more protection than ever before in former years. ReEsPonsiziuity oF Stooknorprrs.—The committee on corporations, in the Seuate have reported favorably on the bill to regulate the responsibility of stockholders. Mechanical Genius. A Londou critie of high literary attainment, speake of Joaquin Miller as the ‘‘ uneducated poet,” declaring that the ‘‘ poet was born in him, irreepective of the advantages of education to bring it out.” The same might be said of the mechanical genius of thousands of the boys of our land,

includiug the ‘‘ hoodInm ” element. Much of true mechanical genius now lies dormant aud may ever remain so, for the want of some system of encouragement, education or training, some little help to its development. The State of Massachusetts ever awake to the importance of the education of her sons, is moving in the rigbt dircction, by instituting as a branch of her edneational eystem, schools in which the poorer classee may be taught the rudiments of mechanical trados, with the view of drawing out anything like a latent genius, that may be slumbering in minds that but for help thus afforded, might be lost to themselves aud to mankind. Mechanical genius aud invention is makin; tapid develpoment in California as shown by the records of our own company’s patent agency, and yet our Legislature at the instance of tbe people, could do nothing better for tbe educational iuterests of om’ State, than lend every encouragement within the scope of their authority, towards the fostering of a mechanical braucb of our educational system. ——_ ++ Steam Plows vs. Horse Plows. The Vienna Ldw. Zig. containe an official report of some experiments with steam cultivation made in 1870 to 1871, in Altenburg, on lands belonging to the Grand Duke Albrecht of Austria. A field was eelected and dividod into sections of from 6 to 30 acres in euch a manner as to make the comparative trials as fair as possible. Some of these sectione were plowed witb the aid of horses in the common manner, while on othere steam plowe were used. The land was plowed at tbe end of June, 1870, and then left nntouched nntil tbe spring of 1871, when it was planted with bects. The following is the yield per acre of the sections plowed. With Horse Plows 10 to 12 inches deop... 12,683,5 lbs. With Steam Plows 12 bs 17,796, 2 With Steam Plows 17 With Steam Cultivators 10to 12 “ Showing an increased yield in favor of steam cultivation of 40, 76 and 24 per cent. respectively. ‘* The experimental sections were chosen adjoiniug one another in such a way that difference in the soil conld have had no great influence on tbe increased yield, but only the more perfect work obtained by stcam cultivation.” oom ie California Butter Going to the East. On the Saturday evening freight train of the Central Pacific Railroad there went forward a cargo of California butter—and invoice of 20,000 pounds—forwarded by Wooster & Shattuck, and consigned to Johu 8. Martin & Co., and T. S. Doremus and Co., New York—to go through in eixtcen days. This lot of butter is intended to ehow our Eastern friends that we have articles to export of which California has heretofore been a great importer, and the shippers have taken pains in putting up tbis lot of butter in a manner to do justice to the Point Reyes dairies, A small lot of butter—over 600 ponnds—not at all to compare with thie in quantity, was shipped a year ago, and then attracted a good deal of attention, winning favorable and lengthy notice from the New York Tribune. Our early spring enables our dairymen to enter the market a month earlier than can be possible for the dairymen in tbe colder . climates on the other side of the mountains, and as our grasses at all times give the butter a better flavor than any Eastern article, it ie ex. pected that this shipment will result in a demand for more, or at least will check consignments to this side, now somewhat too numerous. Messrs. Wooster & Shattuck deserve credit for making thie venture, and for the pains taken to increase the reputation of California as a producing State, ahle to compete ‘ with other localities in articles with whicb it was intended to overrun tbis market when the railroad was completed.—AHa. ere Coal Ashes. A subscriber asks if coal ashes are of any valne as a manure for grass lands, or field crops. Coal ashes contain no potash, and as this salt is what gives to wood ashes the principal value it has as a manure or fertilizing agent, it is not worth the cost to apply coal ashee to land. Tbe only exception may be, when applied to stiff clays, its mechanical effect is then to loosen the soil, bnt other tban this, adds nothing to its fertility. Wood ashes leached or unleached ie a valuahle fertilizer applied to any soil or crop, except where the alkali of potash ‘is already abundant in the soil. ". New Publications. We have received from Bancroft & Co., Market street, ‘A Treatise 'on Punctuation,’ by John Wilson, deeigned for letter writers, authors, printere, correctors of the press, and for the uee of schools. It contains an appendix embracing rules on the uee of ‘capitals, a list of abreviations, hints on the preparation of copy and proof-reading, etc., The work hae been in uso in a number of leading institutione of learning for some years, and is of value to all who desire a clear nnderstanding of the subject of which it treats. ‘ Mstheties, or the ‘Science of Beauty,” by John Bascom, from ‘same publiehers, coutains 16 lectures which the author says were written with a desire to supply the want of an exclueive and compact treatise on the principles of taste. It is designed to aid the ordinary studeut of the beauties of the external and ideal world, and to give him a proper appreciation of the beauties of Nature and art. “A Compendious Dictionary of the Greek Language,” by Alpheus Crosby, is intended to supply what ;was believed to be a desideratum iu the list of Greek text-books, viz., a grammar which should be portable and simple enough to put iuto tbe hands of the beginner, and which should yet be sufficiently scientific and complete to accompany him through his whole course, “The Teacher's Guide,’’ companion to Bartholomew’s Drawing Book, No. 1, from same publishers, is iutended for teachers and scholars using Bartholomew’s drawing books (which we have also received.) Hanna’s Complete Ready Reckoner, Log Table and Form Book,” from A. Roman & Co., No. 11 Montgoniery stroet, coutains a complete set of tables for the measurement of all kiudsof timber, lumber, ctc., in all kinds of, waye, to which is added a table of wages, rent, board, or other expenses for any amount per day for any given numbcr of days, interest tables, business forms, etc. oe oe Oregon Looming Up. No longer that out of the way place on the face of the globe, Oregon, from the indomitahle energy of her people and the grand system of railroads now being inangurated and rapidly pushed from point to point in her wide domain, is, as a State, assuming an importance that cannot but attract the attention if not the envy of scme of her older sister States. Her cities and towns have awakened to renewed life and activity, her population is rapidly increasing, and other cvidencee of a progreesive and prosperous future, from this day onward are apparent on every hand, A similar spirit of enterprise with like reeults, scems aleo to have eeized upon the people of Washington Territory, where new and vast improvoments are already in progress, that will have no relapse till a developed country and a mighty people be found where, aud of which, but a few years since we knew bnt little more of, than ae the great North West. The Thresher’s Guide and Farmer’s Friend. Tbe above is the title of a work by D. W. Hollihan, soon to be issued from thepress of Dewey &Co. Itis probably the finest work of the kind ever printed, and will contain full and complete directions for the management of field threshing macbines; the ectting np of the same in the field, the care of everypart of tbe apparatus; how to prevent accidents and delays, by pointing ont the canses of tbe same; the application of horse and steam powers, and their management with full iustructions for keeping all parts of a complcte threshing establishment in perfect order, and at the least possible cost of time, labor and money. It will be a work so complete that every farmer who owus or employs a threshing machine, will find the purchase of a book a good investment. ae Severe EartaquaKe.—Quite a severe carthquake was experieuced about half-past two o’clock on Tuesday morning, which, in some portions of the State was prolonged to a most unusual length of time. Its effects wero also telt over a mnch larger area of territory tban is nshally the case with earthquake shocks in this State. The movement was felt in a nortb and south directiou fully 500 miles, and somethiug over 150 east and west. Had the violence of tbe shock been proportioned to its prolougation, the results would douhtless have been quite serioue; as it was, we hear of no material damage, beyond the sight cracking of a few walls, etc. — .