Volume 24 (1872) (424 pages)

woYeVFe Yu Fo Sai] LAT Meo oss AN JeLUsTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND le iN > Merhaniy #nd JNDUSTRIAL PROGRESS, ventions, BY DEWEY & Co., Patent Sollcitors. SAN FRANCISCO, SATURDAY, JUNE 1, 1872, VOLUME XXIV. Number 22. The Vauks’ Puddler—Unexpected Difiiculty. A practical trial of the Danks’ Puddling Furnace was lately mado in England, nnder ths immediate supervision of tho Iron Mastor’s Council, in which the machino, aftsr sevsral trials, rocoived tho genoral approval of ths Council, while all douht of its success, if any existed, was finally removed. One or two gentlemen expressed some doubt as to whether ths machine would be ablo to produce iron of tho quality required for the finest of tho Staffordshire hrands of manufacture ; but it was freely admitted that there was no doubt ahout its being perfcetly fitted for a large part of even such exceptional work ; while for the production of iron generally, it was all that could be desired. All this gratifying approval, however, was soon after suddenly chilled by ths information conveyed to Mr. Danks that the iron masters had been cxamining into the validity of his patent, and fonnd that it was invalid; hut ths casons npon which thsir opinion was based were not revealed. Ths supposition, howsver, is that ths conclusion was reached that there was a lack of novelty in the machins, which would bs fatal to the stability of ths patent. How snch an opinion could be arrived at in the facs of the nuiversally admitted fact that no othsr inventor had heen abls to reach any practical degres of success, it is difficult to understand. Ths iron masters notified Mr. Danks that in consequences of this conclusion they had decided not to ratify the preliminary agrecment, in which it promised to pay ths inventor $250,000 for the privilege of building 200 of his furnaces, hut that they would gracionsly consider his case and secure him snch award for his invention as hs might bs morally entitled to at the hand of the associated iron interest, which would bs so largely hsnefited by the practical valus which his genius had added to ths inventions of others. The committes, in return, were politely assured by Mr. Danks, that in cass their declaration was persisted in hs should take active measures to secnrs his rights against all infringers, and that any subsequent arrangement with ths iron masters would havs to bs mads ona different and less favorahls basis than the one which they proposed to repudiate. Thers ‘appears to bs a very general feeling among the massss of even the iron msn, that injustice is intended towards ths inventor, and ths wish is freely expressed that he may finally receive a full and ampls reward for the great benefit which must certainly acerus from this important invention. All inventors mnst certainly wish him the fullest success in the contest which thus seems to he precipitated upon him in ths very hour of his success. Tur First Coat ever minedin the United States was dug up near Richmond, Virginia. Bituminous coal was mined there as early as 1700, and in 1775 was extensively used in the vicinity. During the revolution a Richmond fonndry employed this coal in making shot and shell for the nse of the Continental forces. Proressor AuBErT Horus, Professor of Natural Scicnces at Williams College, Mass., died on the 24th ult. He was the brother of President Hopkins, who recently resigned his position in that institution, and was well known in the scientific world. Hungerford’s Improved Water Wheel. . This invention is intended to provide cc improvement in tnrbine or other waterFigure 1, is a side sectional view, and figure 2,a plan. A, is the central shaft to which the wheel, B, is secured, and ¢ is the outer inclosing case, water heing adti . ee . wheels, and consists in s novel arrangement of one or more adjustable gates, through which water is admitted to the FIG. 2—PLAN wheel. These gates are curved and can be operated by a screw rod and nut so as to regulate the amount of water admitted to the wheel, according to the amonnt of fall of water and the power reqnired to be exerted by the wheel. Lee El . ern ATT . ) aE a ae, i. . } FIG. 1—HUNGERFORD’S IMPROVED WATER WHEEL—SECTIONAL VIEW, mitted through the passage, D. EF isa cirenlar disk or plate, extending around the jonrnal of the shaft, A, and forming OF WHEEL. the upper side of the chamber or case in which the wheel, 4, revolves. The sides of the case are formed hy adjustable curved gates, &, which in the present case are three in numher, as shown. These gates are formed in a curve, commencing at the outer or movable end, and drawing gradually nearer tothe wheel until at the extreme inner end they are secured by a lug, or ear, a, to the top and bottom of the case, so as to keep its extremity to its place at all times. The onter or movahle end, of these gates has a motion about the pivot, a, in their adjustment, so as to allow their movahle ends to be brought nearer to, or further from, the periphery of the wheel. The outer end of each gate is cylindrical in form, asat G. In order to open or close the gates, a screw rod, J, passes from each gate to the outside of the casing, and a suitahle nut, H, operates the rod, thus moving the gate as shown. The operation will be as follows: water being let in through the supply passage, D, will rush in through the passages formed by the position of the curved gates, ¥F, and striking the wheel will cause it to turn. These adjustable gates are employed to contract or enlarge the water passage leading to the wheel, according to the head or fall of water to he ohtained, as hyreducing the size of the water passages, and consequently the amount of water admitted to the wheel, in proportion as the highth of fall is increased, the power of any given amount of water can he proportionately increased. This invention has been patented ,through the Screntirio Press Patent Agency, by Baas Hungerford, of San Francisco, al. Anizona AFrairs.—General Joward has, after a very short experience among the Apaches, given General Crook permission to deal with them as they deserve to he dealt with. In his order toGen. Crook, he says that his officeas special Commissioner was to make one more effort to settle all trouble peaceably, hut since the murders and robberies still continue, there is no course left hut to deal with the Indians with vigor until they are made to feel the power of the Government. The order is a sensihle one and was no doubt very acceptahle, not only toGen. Crook but to all the inhahitants of the Territory, Gen. Howard, like every one else who ever went to Arizona has been able to see the Indian question in its proper light and shows his good sense in throwing the discretionary power given him by the authorities, on the right side. In a speech made by him he declares thet his views as to the proper military course to be pursued in Arizona are almost identical with those of Gen. Crook. His mission to Arizona was not to prevent war upon hostile Indians, but to enforce the treaty provisions on hoth sides, settle the good Indians upon reservations, and enjoin ohedience to the laws. It is to he hoped now that Gen. Crook has the proper authority to pursue the course he chooses, that he also possesses the requisite force of troops, etc., to carry out his views since they will no douht he vongenial to the people of the country. We hope to hear shortly of a cessation of the robheries, murdsrs and other ontrages committed upon citizens of the United States hy the red skins, for the efficient commander will douhtless make short work of the Indians concerned in them.

woYeVFe Yu Fo Sai] LAT Meo oss AN JeLUsTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND le iN > Merhaniy #nd JNDUSTRIAL PROGRESS, ventions, BY DEWEY & Co., Patent Sollcitors. SAN FRANCISCO, SATURDAY, JUNE 1, 1872, VOLUME XXIV. Number 22. The Vauks’ Puddler—Unexpected Difiiculty. A practical trial of the Danks’ Puddling Furnace was lately mado in England, nnder ths immediate supervision of tho Iron Mastor’s Council, in which the machino, aftsr sevsral trials, rocoived tho genoral approval of ths Council, while all douht of its success, if any existed, was finally removed. One or two gentlemen expressed some doubt as to whether ths machine would be ablo to produce iron of tho quality required for the finest of tho Staffordshire hrands of manufacture ; but it was freely admitted that there was no doubt ahout its being perfcetly fitted for a large part of even such exceptional work ; while for the production of iron generally, it was all that could be desired. All this gratifying approval, however, was soon after suddenly chilled by ths information conveyed to Mr. Danks that the iron masters had been cxamining into the validity of his patent, and fonnd that it was invalid; hut ths casons npon which thsir opinion was based were not revealed. Ths supposition, howsver, is that ths conclusion was reached that there was a lack of novelty in the machins, which would bs fatal to the stability of ths patent. How snch an opinion could be arrived at in the facs of the nuiversally admitted fact that no othsr inventor had heen abls to reach any practical degres of success, it is difficult to understand. Ths iron masters notified Mr. Danks that in consequences of this conclusion they had decided not to ratify the preliminary agrecment, in which it promised to pay ths inventor $250,000 for the privilege of building 200 of his furnaces, hut that they would gracionsly consider his case and secure him snch award for his invention as hs might bs morally entitled to at the hand of the associated iron interest, which would bs so largely hsnefited by the practical valus which his genius had added to ths inventions of others. The committes, in return, were politely assured by Mr. Danks, that in cass their declaration was persisted in hs should take active measures to secnrs his rights against all infringers, and that any subsequent arrangement with ths iron masters would havs to bs mads ona different and less favorahls basis than the one which they proposed to repudiate. Thers ‘appears to bs a very general feeling among the massss of even the iron msn, that injustice is intended towards ths inventor, and ths wish is freely expressed that he may finally receive a full and ampls reward for the great benefit which must certainly acerus from this important invention. All inventors mnst certainly wish him the fullest success in the contest which thus seems to he precipitated upon him in ths very hour of his success. Tur First Coat ever minedin the United States was dug up near Richmond, Virginia. Bituminous coal was mined there as early as 1700, and in 1775 was extensively used in the vicinity. During the revolution a Richmond fonndry employed this coal in making shot and shell for the nse of the Continental forces. Proressor AuBErT Horus, Professor of Natural Scicnces at Williams College, Mass., died on the 24th ult. He was the brother of President Hopkins, who recently resigned his position in that institution, and was well known in the scientific world. Hungerford’s Improved Water Wheel. . This invention is intended to provide cc improvement in tnrbine or other waterFigure 1, is a side sectional view, and figure 2,a plan. A, is the central shaft to which the wheel, B, is secured, and ¢ is the outer inclosing case, water heing adti . ee . wheels, and consists in s novel arrangement of one or more adjustable gates, through which water is admitted to the FIG. 2—PLAN wheel. These gates are curved and can be operated by a screw rod and nut so as to regulate the amount of water admitted to the wheel, according to the amonnt of fall of water and the power reqnired to be

exerted by the wheel. Lee El . ern ATT . ) aE a ae, i. . } FIG. 1—HUNGERFORD’S IMPROVED WATER WHEEL—SECTIONAL VIEW, mitted through the passage, D. EF isa cirenlar disk or plate, extending around the jonrnal of the shaft, A, and forming OF WHEEL. the upper side of the chamber or case in which the wheel, 4, revolves. The sides of the case are formed hy adjustable curved gates, &, which in the present case are three in numher, as shown. These gates are formed in a curve, commencing at the outer or movable end, and drawing gradually nearer tothe wheel until at the extreme inner end they are secured by a lug, or ear, a, to the top and bottom of the case, so as to keep its extremity to its place at all times. The onter or movahle end, of these gates has a motion about the pivot, a, in their adjustment, so as to allow their movahle ends to be brought nearer to, or further from, the periphery of the wheel. The outer end of each gate is cylindrical in form, asat G. In order to open or close the gates, a screw rod, J, passes from each gate to the outside of the casing, and a suitahle nut, H, operates the rod, thus moving the gate as shown. The operation will be as follows: water being let in through the supply passage, D, will rush in through the passages formed by the position of the curved gates, ¥F, and striking the wheel will cause it to turn. These adjustable gates are employed to contract or enlarge the water passage leading to the wheel, according to the head or fall of water to he ohtained, as hyreducing the size of the water passages, and consequently the amount of water admitted to the wheel, in proportion as the highth of fall is increased, the power of any given amount of water can he proportionately increased. This invention has been patented ,through the Screntirio Press Patent Agency, by Baas Hungerford, of San Francisco, al. Anizona AFrairs.—General Joward has, after a very short experience among the Apaches, given General Crook permission to deal with them as they deserve to he dealt with. In his order toGen. Crook, he says that his officeas special Commissioner was to make one more effort to settle all trouble peaceably, hut since the murders and robberies still continue, there is no course left hut to deal with the Indians with vigor until they are made to feel the power of the Government. The order is a sensihle one and was no doubt very acceptahle, not only toGen. Crook but to all the inhahitants of the Territory, Gen. Howard, like every one else who ever went to Arizona has been able to see the Indian question in its proper light and shows his good sense in throwing the discretionary power given him by the authorities, on the right side. In a speech made by him he declares thet his views as to the proper military course to be pursued in Arizona are almost identical with those of Gen. Crook. His mission to Arizona was not to prevent war upon hostile Indians, but to enforce the treaty provisions on hoth sides, settle the good Indians upon reservations, and enjoin ohedience to the laws. It is to he hoped now that Gen. Crook has the proper authority to pursue the course he chooses, that he also possesses the requisite force of troops, etc., to carry out his views since they will no douht he vongenial to the people of the country. We hope to hear shortly of a cessation of the robheries, murdsrs and other ontrages committed upon citizens of the United States hy the red skins, for the efficient commander will douhtless make short work of the Indians concerned in them.