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A Case Study of a Northern California Indian Tribe - Cultural Change to 1860 (1977) (109 pages)
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Page: of 109
Dat SaaeT ot TEAC captiteat ste stn
number amounted to about 150 half starved, all men. Their womenwere not present, because the Americans had got a reputation for
bad character and as being gallants. Wozencraft told the Indians
that he had been sent from far off to teach them, if not the way
of everlasting life, at least the way in which they should go, in
order to find-favor in.the eyes of the Great Father who was in
van mankind and acknowledge their uncle as their father for which they
were to annually receive a specified number of bulls, yards of mantu,
dozens ‘of knives, grosses of glasses, and other things including
Ae Washington. They were to live on a reservation at peace with all
. a teacher and preacher. — All tribal representatives responded, UGH,
good to all Wozencraft's treaty conditions. They signed the treaty
_in order of rank, Weimer first. After signing the chiefs got jackets
“and tribes ‘got some bulls.
Wozencraft later said of the reservation land awarded to Nisenan in the Camp Union
Treaty, "it was unavoidable to establish a reservation where white squatters had not
claimed land or made improvements .'"127
Wozencraft consummated several more treaties with Indian nations north. of
Nisenan territory and then he returned to central California and conciliated Indians
in the Cosumnes River area. (See Cosumnes River Treaty, September, 1851, p. 61).
The Cosumnes River Treaty was signed by some Miwok Indian tribes and by at least one
Nisenan tribe (Wopumne Tribe) who lived between the American and Cosumnes Rivers. .
Wozencraft later discussed the potential of encroachment by immigrants on the reservation land allocated to these Indian tribes.
I would suggest the policy of permitting those (immigrants) who may
wish to mine within the reservation to do so, requiring of them to
conform to the laws and regulations of the Indian bureau. I believe
if this is not done, there will be a good deal of dissatisfaction, if
not difficulty. The very fact of a prohibition being piaced on
their going irito a reservation will induce many to violate the
restriction. 128
The Camp Union and Cosumnes River treaties featured the following common
points. Nisenan tribes who signed these treaties pledged to recognize the United
States Government as the sole sovereign of all land ceded to them by Mexico under
the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, to place themselves under the protection of the
United States, and to keep the peace. In return, the Federal Government promised to
set aside a reservation for these Nisenan tribes forever, to provide them with
clothing, beef cattle, agricultural implements and farm animals while they were
settling down on the reservation, and to provide a farmer, blacksmith and school
26