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A Case Study of a Northern California Indian Tribe - Cultural Change to 1860 (1977) (109 pages)
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Page: of 109
food 188 A critic of the Indian relocation program stated that if governmental appropriations for the Grass Valley Nisenan were wisely expended by persons sincerely in. terested in making them as comfortable as possible, they should be clothed and housed
in their homeland, not relocated on reserves 189
They (Nisenan in the Grass Valley area) are now homeless, almost
without exception. Captain Sutter commenced a discipline that has
taught them to fear the Americans and if there is a bad Indian he is
usually given up by the Indians and his tribe to suffer the punishment he has merited, at the hands of Americans. There need be no
difficulty in allowing the Indians to occupy their present homes and
all the money government is expending for their welfare will not benefit them very much.
The Alta California also opposed Indian removal and believed the military reservation .
system had failed to aid the California Indian population.
We find it difficult to believe administrative stories of the happiness and contentment of the Indians on the reservations. Success
under the present system seems utterly impracticable191 .
Superintendent Henley returned to Nisenan territory in November, 1955, and
collected one hundred and fifty Grass Valley Nisenan for shipment to Nome Lackee.
These Indians probably included some Nisenan tribal members from the original Grass
Valley confederation of tribes who initially opposed removal. Since a larger number
of them was collected than anticipated, Henley left those considered "industrious
and peaceable" in the charge of Mr. Bovyer, who was instructed to prepare them for
removal in the spring of 1856192 Henley had appointed Bovyer special Indian agent
to the Nisenan remaining in Nevada County, with instructions to protect them from the
abuse and ill treatment of immigrants, enforce the law prohibiting the sale of liquor
to Indians, and prevent Indians from plundering the immigrants’ property. Bovyer was
also instructed to allow Nisenan tribes to fish or collect food at designated places
but when they became annoying to immigrants they were to be relocated.to his ranch,
. preparatory to their removal to Nome Lackee. Bovyer allowed-Nisenan in the French
corral, Empire Ranch and Wolf Creek areas to remain on their villages until the spring
of 1856, because they had already stored their food for the winter 193 However, he
reported that a few Indians (probably Nisenan) who were still living in the Sierras
would have to be forcibly relocated. The Alta California cited Bovyer's contribution
42