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Collection: Directories and Documents > Tanis Thorne Native Californian & Nisenan Collection

A Case Study of a Northern California Indian Tribe - Cultural Change to 1860 (1977) (109 pages)

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CONCLUSION Nisenan-immigrant relations from contact to 1859 can be viewed objectively as a continuum of deception and exploitation of Indians. The Sutter-Marshall Treaty of 1849, General Green's Treaty of 1850, and the Camp Union and Cosumnes River Treaties of 1851, all contained broken pledges made by immigrants to Nisenan tribes. Similar unfulfilled promises were made by immigrants who promoted the relocation of some Nisenan tribes to the Nome Cult and Nome Lackee reservations. Most Nisenan left these reserves by 1859 to rejoin brethren who had remained on their homeland. However, eighteen fifty-nine does not mark the end of the Nisenan nation, they are not an extinct people. (See National Census by Age and Sex of Indians Within Nisenan Territory, 1860, p. 67). Some have survived the Indian termination policies of their conquerors, for them there is a present and a future. By!