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A Case Study of a Northern California Indian Tribe - Cultural Change to 1860 (1977) (109 pages)
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Page: of 109
Document 8. Cosumnes Fork Treaty, September, 1851231
Treaty made and concluded at the fork of the Cosumnes River, September
18, 1851, between 0. M, Wozencraft, United States Indian Agent, and the chiefs,
captains, and headmen of the Cu-1u, Yas-si, etc., tribes of Indians.
A Treaty of peace and friendship made and concluded at the fork of Cosumnes
river, between the United States Indian Agent, 0. M. Wozencraft, of the one part, and
the chiefs, captains, and headmen of the following tribes, viz: Cu-lu, Yas-si,
Loc-lum-ne, and Wo-pum-nes. (Nisenan)
Article 1. The several tribes or bands above mentioned do acknowledge the
United States to be the sole and absolute sovereign of all the soil and territory
ceded to them by a treaty of peace between them and the republic of. Mexico.
Article 2. The said tribes or bands acknowledge themselves jointly and
severally under the exclusive jurisdiction, authority and protection of the United
States, and hereby bind themselves hereafter to refrain from the commission of all
acts of hostility and aggression towards the government or citizens thereof, and to
live on terms of peace and friendship among themselves and with all other Indian
tribes which are now or may come under the protection of the United States; and
furthermore bind themselves to conform to, and be governed by the laws and regulations
of the Indian Bureau, made and provided therefor by the Gongress of the United States.
Article 3. To promote the settlement and improvement of -aid tribes or
bands,’ it is hereby stipulated and agreed that the following district of country in
the State of California shall be and is hereby set apart forever for the sole use and
occupancy of the aforesaid tribes of Indians, to wit: commencing at a point on the
Cosumes river, on the western line of the county, running south on and by said line
to its terminus, running east on said line twenty-five miles, thence north to the
middie fork of the Cosumnes river, down said stream to the place of beginning; to
have and to hold the said district of country for the sole use and occupancy of said
Indian tribes forever. Provided, That there is reserved to the government of the
United States the right of way over any portion of said territory, and the right to
establish and maintain any military post or posts, public buildings, school-houses,
houses for agents, teachers, and such others as they may deem necessary for their
use or the protection of the Indians. The said tribes or bands, and each of then,
hereby engage that they will never claim any other lands within the boundaries of
the United States, nor ever disturb the people of the United States in the free use
and enjoyment thereof.
Article 4. To aid the said tribes or bands in their subsistence, while
removing to and making their settlement upon the said reservation, the United States,
in addition to the few presents made them at this council, will furnish them, free of
charge, with five hundred (500) head of beef cattle, to average in weight five hundred
(500) pounds, two hundred (200) sacks of flour, one hundred (100) pounds each, within
the term of two years from the date of this treaty.
Article 5. As early as convenient after the ratification of this treaty by
the President and Senate, in consideration of the premises and with a sincere desire
to encourage said tribes in acquiring the arts and habits of civilized life, the
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