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Page: of 8

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‘by the illness of Senator Bilbo of
and recalling that.the army, navy,
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Marshall Plan
HEN Washington dignitaries
gathered at dinner to commemorate the Marshall plan probably only. one man present really
knew how the Marshall plan got
started—President Truman. And
not even Truman knew or remembered all the details.
The birth of the Marshall plan—
believe it or not—was influenced
Mississippi. Furthermore, this plan
—now a great force in revitalizing
Europe—was a complete accident
as far as the White House was
concerned.
President Truman had _ been
scheduled to make a_ speech at
Cleveland, Miss., in the winter of
1947 and called in Dean Acheson,
then under-secretary of state, to
ask if he could get him out of a
jam. He explained that to please
some of his wife’s friends he had
promised to speak in Cleveland,
that the folks in Mississippi had
made elaborate preparations.
But, he said, he couldn’t go.
Senator Bilbo was back in the
state, ill, after the Senate’s refusal to seat him, and it would
be political suicide, Truman
felt, if he set foot inside the
state at that time. He had
written his Mississippi friends,
he said, asking if they would
accept a cabinet member instead, and they replied that
they were greatly interested in
foreign affairs and the only
man they would take as a substitute was acting secretary of
state Dean Acheson.
Acheson of course promptly ac:
tepted the President’s personal
plea, in fact told Truman he had
been eager to make a major
speech. But, he warned, it would
be an explosive one.
Wallace’s Mistake
So, having in mind Henry Wallace’s famous speech on Russia
which was officially cleared with
the White House—but which Truman himself didn’t read, Acheson
took great pains to have his speech
-earefully examined.
His strategy was to have so
many cabinet experts read it
that it would not be sent to
Senators Tom Connally and
Arthur Vandenberg whom he
suspected might pour on the
cold water.
The perusers of the speech later
held a meeting. Since there was
nothing in the speech about bases,
the army-navy had no objection.
Dr. Nourse Suggested a few
changes of figures, which were accepted. Secretary of commerce
Harriman, who had been talking
to Acheson privately, was enthusiastic, while Truman was delighted
that Acheson was getting him out
of his Mississippi speaking jam.
The British press, however,
played up the story big. And as a
result Scotty Reston of the New
York Times called on Acheson to
ask whether this was a new American foreign policy.
“you had better ask the White
House,’’ Acheson replied.
Planted Question
So, at the next White House press
conference, Reston asked a carefully worded. question as to whether
the Cleveland, Miss., speech represented Acheson’s views or the administration’s ;views.
still full of gratitude,
‘
Truman,
et al had approved the speech, replied that it represented administration policy.
A few days later, Acheson
went to his chief, Secretary of
State Marshall, and said in effect: “I have kicked a fairly
important ball up in the air
for you, but‘it’s falling rapidly.
How about catching it and scoring a touchdown?”
After the speech, Acheson picked
up a suggestion by Senator Vandenberg that a committee of prominent Americans be appointed to
push the idea. Truman didn’t like
the suggestion, but Acheson argued
him into it.
‘Here is a man who more than
anything else wants to get the Republican’ nomination for President
of the United States,’’ he told Truman, in effect. ‘‘Of his other two
rivals, Governor Dewey never says
anything about anything, while
Senator Taft never loses an opportunity to attack you on domestic
issues and crab at you on foreign
policy. Vandenberg has played the
game. very well on bipartisan policy, and you ought to agree to his
idea in order to keep him sweet.”
Hoover, Baruch Out
The President did agree, and a
meeting was held to appoint members of a committee to serve under
secretary of commerce Harriman.
Vandenberg was present. Acheson
said he didn’t care who was on the
committee just so long as Herbert
Hoover and Bernard Baruch were
not, 9
Vandenberg, however, looking
over the suggested names, said he
had nothing against them, but that
what the committee needed was:an
elder statesman as chairman. ¥
INTRODUCING “OPPORTUNITY DRIVE” .. The national capital’s
famed. and historic Pennsylvania avenue is changing its name—temporarily—to Opportunity Drive. The purpose of this move is to aid
the U. 8. treasury’s savings bond drive. In the photo, Miss Rachael
Hudson, from the office of Sen, Alex Wiley of Wisconsin, poses with new
name signs to be installed during the ’49er Opportunity Bond Drive.
TOPS IN TELEVISION .. Lodged on the pinnacle of New York’s skyscraping RCA building, like a translucent bubble in the metropolitan
air, is the new NBC television plexiglass radome housing receiving
equipment for television. It’s all-weather proof—cool in summer,
warm in winter —as video star Kyle MacDonnell can attest after
inspecting the ‘‘dish’’ which seryes as a receiving antenna.
FAVORITES OF FATHER TIME . « Luke Appling, ancient but able
shortstop of the Chicago White Sox, takes a lesson on how to play his
“position from Willie Hoppe, billiard wonder, who was a world champion before Appling was born. Still the world’s three cushion titleholder, Hoppe won his first world’s crown in January, 1906. Luscious
Luke Appling has been with the Sox for 10 years, and is still going
strong.
euaacuee 80s Ce
' 5
BY THE LIGHT OF THE FLASH BOMB.. This is how Manhattan ©
Island’s lower tip looked under the light of a series of 50-millioncandlepower flares dropped by the U. S. air force to test its new
system of night photography. This picture was taken from Governor’s
Island. The jagged silhouette of the sentry at the left was caused. by
different angles of illumination coming from flares which were dropped
three seconds apart as the plane went up the river.
‘yields is a matter of feeding the
41 Per Cent of Land
In U. S. in Herbage
Grass Top Resource,
Cattlemen Assert —
Grass is one of the greatest re
sources of this nation. In the United
States there are approximately
779 million acres of land which
will grow nothing but hay, grass,
and other herbage unfit for human consumption.
This great acreage represents .
41 per cent of the total land of the
nation, About 9 per cent of the
lands in the United States are,
plowable but are used also to produce pasture, hay or forage crops.
It can be concluded, therefore,
that about 50 per cent of the United
States would not be used if it were
not for meat animals.
This little fellow, obviously
so well-started in life, is symbolical of what good pasturage
can mean to cattle and_ just
how much cattle depend on
grass. In the United States
there are approximately 1779
million acres of land which cannot grow anything but hay,
grass and other herbage.
Of the total feeds consumed by
beef cattle 78.7 per cent is grass,
hay and dry roughage. A minimum
of grain is needed to bring feeder . .
steers from 700 pounds to 1,000
pounds when the principal part of
the ration is made up of hay, ensilage or other roughage.
The process of producing beef
cattle normally involves the following steps:
1. The purebred ‘operator who
produces the sires and females
which are the foundation of beef
animal production. This branch of
the cattle industry is one that requires heavy investment and efficiency in management.
2. The commercial breeder who
produces the calves which are the
offspring of commercial herds of
female and purebred sires.
3. The pasture cattleman who
grows the animal from the weaning or yearling stage to two years
old, taking his profit from the
poundage gained on grass and hay.
4. The feeder who “‘finishes’’ the
animal from grass stage to slaughter condition, disposing of a large
percentage of roughage.
Crop Rotation
BUMPER
YIELDS df pRooucing =!
PJ CAPACITY gy
Crop rotation with deep-rooted
legumes, plant food and good management methods are the. ‘“‘gas, oil
and lubricants’ that keep your
soil’s crop producing tnachine going on high.
Each of these has a job to do.
Each needs help from the others.
They all have to work like a team.
Valuable as a good rotation is in
‘balancing soil-building legume
crops against soil-robbing row
crops, it has to be backed up by
wise land management methods.
Cropping in even the best rotation
drains the soil’s supply of phosphate and potash.
And even if your good management program puts back every .
scrap of barnyard manure,_ plows .
under the legumes and_ returns}
straw, corn stalks and crop aftermath to the soil, you still ship away
hundreds of pounds of plant food
in the grain, beef and milk you
sell every year.
Good Pasture Increases
Dairy Herd Production
With 2.5 million fewer cows on
farms now than in 1945, possibilities
for profit in dairying are greater
if labor-saving, high value pasture
is the center of the production program. Good pasture ean increase
milk output and cut production
costs. That means a bigger profit
margin. Getting bigger pasture
soil plant nutrients so it can feed
legume grass mixtures,
Sportsmen Optimists
From the cane-and-pole angler of
the rural ponds, rivers and small
streams, to the fishermen wha
whip famous trout and salmon,
streams with the best of eqnuipment, Americans by the millions
will be fishing this year as they
have for so many years—but their
numbers will be larger in 1949.
Each year the increase in the
number of’ anglers brings added
wrinkles to the brows of state conservation directors, who worry lest
the supply of fish and game ultimately fail all sportsmen.
Of all the things that worry sportsmen, that appears to be one that
deters them not; for no matter how
they gripe about lack of favorite
fish or game, they are always back
next season, trying harder than
ever to “bring home the bacon’’—
and were a statue ever carved to
-the world’s one real optimist, it
would have to be a composite figure of a rabid American, clutching
both rod and gun and with the light
of determination and faith shining
;. from his eyes, even if it were only
reflected from the polished gun butt
or the gleam of awnew fishing reel.
we * *
" These Get Away
At Beaufort, N. C., these —
small fish wiggle their way to
safety through strands of Guthrie net—a new selective type of
net which brings up shrimps
and usable fish and lets other
types of sea life work its way
back to freedom. The net is a
snood-like attachment of oversize mesh, hard-twine net interlaced with soft twine strings attached to central part of regulation shrimp net. A U.S. fishery
biological laboratory expert estimated this net would save billions of fish from destruction.
s 1 ot
Rough Fish Trapped.
Iowa is showing the way, somewhat, to other state conservation
agencies through its program of
trapping carp and buffalo and other
rough fish, as a supplement to the
tedious, expensive seining program
now in effect.
Fourteen large fish traps on nine
major lakes have been installed by
the Iowa state conservation commission to trap rough fish. The
traps are installed at the mouths
of bays where fish enter to spawn.
Although the spawning season
was barely underway when this report was made, large catches of
carp and buffalo were recorded.
ae ve .
What Color Choice?
The age-old controversy as to
whether fish show a color preference in choice of lures is one that
probably never will be settled to
the general satisfaction of anglers.
But the fact that black as an attractive color is effective is coming
from many sources.
Certain it is that black plugs will
take more fish on certain days and
under certain water
conditions than any
other color, and
the Louis Johnson
company, creators
of the Johnson
2 “silver minnow,”
has reported excellent results with
its new . all-black
spoon shown here.
Tests of the
spoon -have_ disclosed that it is particularly good
. both in early morning and late
evening, and also for cloudy-day
fishing. e
Apparently its hue gives it the
appearance of a ‘‘silhouette’’ in the
water because of lack of adequate
light, and the tricky action of the
lure adds sufficiently to the deception.
cs
Great Fishing Hole
Idaho, where 6,500 streams and
1,763 lakes are draped over a
mountain landscape, is fast becoming one of America’s greatest
fishing holes.
More than 30,000 non-resident
anglers joined some 170,000 Idaho
citizens in luring the big ones
during 1948. The general season
this year will extend through October and the bag limit each day
is 20 fish, or 10 pounds and one
fish. One of Idaho’s best bargains
is the $3 vacationist fishing permit,
*
TeV
ise Tuesday, June 28, 1949-5
_ Easy 16 Duaitu
OU CAN solve your bird-hous+
ing. problem very easily by
building the Bluebird House No.
110, illustrated above. It is as attractive as it.is practical and you
should have no ‘difficulty in finding tenants. The full size patterns
offered below take all the mystery
out of building. User merely
traces the pattern on the scraps
of wood the pattern specifies, saws
and. assembles exactly as and
where the pattern indicates.
* * *
Full size patterns for, painting decorations permit finishing houses with a
Ei lg epee touch. Send 20c for the Blueird House Pattern No. 110 to Easi-Bild
W, PleasantPattern Company, Dept.
ville, N. Y
i
Re Re he he Che Oe ee Oe OO Me
ASK ME
ANOTHER *
General Quiz
(a Cos Coe Che Ce Cee Che Che Cee Che Cee Oe Oe Oe Oe Oe
The Questions
1. What is Carrara, in Italy,
noted for?
2. What have sheepshank, bowline and sheep bend in common?
3. Which continent contains no
true desert?
4. What has been called. the
“cornerstone of American foreign
policy’’?
5. On what date did the present
century begin?
The Answers
Marble quarries.
They are all knots.
Europe.
. The Monroe Doctrine.
. January 1, 1901.
Paint
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