March 31, 1949 (6 pages)

_ 2 Nevada City Nugget, Thursday, March 31, 1949 ih $05 Broad Street, Nevada City——Telephone 36 A legal newspaper, as defined by statute ROBERT H. and DONALD .W. WRAY, -Publishers KENNETH W. WRAY, Editor and Advertising Manager as Member California Newspaper Publishers Association . Published every Thursday at Nevada City, California, and entered as matter of the second class in the postoffice at Nevada City under Act of Congress, March 3, 1879. ~~ : ae RATES SUBSCRIPTION ‘One year outside county {im advance) -.--.---------------------secerteeno7 $3.00 One year in county (in advance) -..------------------sse-seercrtstnreenens 2.50 Four months (in» advance) ..---------------------besnecenenessce ce teeenene One month {in advance) LET’S BUILD OUR OWN WATER SYSTEM “. The time has come for Nevada City to build ‘its “own water system. The time has come for Nevada City to break away « from the Nevada Irrigation District. ‘The city councils of Nevada City and Grass Valley are dickering with the board of directors of the irrigation district and the water users of the cities are the ones who will pay the raise in water rates if the muni‘ cipalities accept the demands of the district. The irrigation district is inconsistent in its relations with the municipalities. According to their figures the ‘water costs farmers 35 cents a miner's inch. Yet their “published rate to farmers is $29 a miner's inch for a six-months’ season. That works out to 15.8 cents a daily miner's inch. The district asks 160 per cent of “parity’’ for municipality water. 160 per cent of 15.8 cents is 25.28 cents. Where does the irrigation district get its figure of 32 cents? . * One time the district says it won't offer a contract to the cities and within a week it offers a five-year contract at 32 cents upon abrogation of the current contract. The latest offer-at Tuesday's meeting was _a six and three-quarters years’ contract at 32 cents. Earlier the district said the rate to the cities would be 45 cents a miner’s inch if the current contract was “permitted to run its course. What is the basis of all these differing figures? Why should there be such a difference? Why should the district ask as a rate 25.28 ‘cents (approximately) one time, 45 cents another time, and now 32 cents? Are these figures picked from a blue sky? Doesn't the district actually know what its cost of delivering a miner’s inch of water to any consumer is? And shouldn't the cast of delivering water to a consumer plus an upcharge for contingencies be the basis of water rates? The irrigation district, like all governmental districts in the state of California, exists solely to render a-service to the public and is and should be a nonprofit organization. It is the recommendation of The Nugget that Ne“vada City ride out the current contract at 16 cents per miner's inch and by Dec. 31, 1951, build or ac“quire its own water system and forever be free of ~ domination by any other governmental agency. Grass Valley has no other water source but the irrigation district, but Nevada City is not in that position. The flood waters of little Deer creek and Deer creek can be impounded. Nevada:City has water available by condemnation and eminent domain. ” Nevada City in 1948 paid approximately $3500 to the district for water. Based on the current asked rate the annual additional cost to the city to Dec. 31, 1951, ““will approximately $9400. It is money that is gone forever. The same money invested in a physical plant would be a capital asset. The Nugget recommends that the city not accept the proposal of the irrigation district. Nevada City can act in its own right and need not bow to the irrigation district just because Grass Valley has little choice. : Efficient management and reduction of the budget is a must for the district or the district and its water users will “‘bust.”’ We think the cities have offered a rate consistent “* with the district's interpretation of its costs. If the district sees fit tb not accept the offer, we feel that Nevada City will be far better off with its own water ee supply plant. TEN BEST BOOKS OF YEAR Book publishers have selected ten books issued in ‘1948 which in their opinions ‘have most progressively influenced American thought in 1948.” From these ten books a panel of three judges will select a winner for the $1000 Gutenberg award. The ten books are ‘Crusade in Europe,” by D. D. Eisenhower; ‘‘Cry, the Beloved Country,’ Alan Pa“ton; “Education in a Divided World,” J. B. Conant; “The Gathering Storm,’ by W. S. Churchill; “1he Naked and the Dead,’’ by Norman Mailer; ‘‘No Place to Hide,” by David Bradley; “Our Plundered Planet,” by Fairfield Osborn; “Road to Survival,” by William Vogt; “Roosevelt and Hopkins,” by R. E. Sherwood; and “Sexual Behavior in the Human Male,” by Kinsey, Pomeroy and Martin. Of these ten we have read only three. : _ “The Naked and the Dead,” rough in language but a photographic study of the human male under almost "every imaginable emotional and physical strain and condition. The book portrays more poignantly the futility and stupidity of war than any book we have yead including Tolstoy's ““War and Peace.” “No Place to Hide,"’ sounded the ticking of the “time bomb that the next war and atom bombs will oe Gathering Storm,” is the alibi of the superior riton for the cataclysm of war that western Europe headlong into in the 1930s. Nevada County Long Ago Floy-Margaret Reynolds 20 YEARS AGO The Nevada City Elns staged a Dutch dinner—Dutch even to the ““Speisekartes’’ at each place listing: the appropriate. name for each course on the menu. The committe in charge consisted of Herrs Emil Ott, Ernie Schreiber, Karl Kopp, Louie Kopp, Gove Celio and William Fouyer. Exalted Ruler Tom Richards was forced to contribute several kopecks to the charity box for attempting to introduce some French on the Dutch occasion. * bd * The showbill at the Nevada theater for the week included Clara Bow in “Three Week Ends”; Charlie Chaplin in “The Circus”’;. “The Devil's Trade Mark’? with Belle Bennett; and Doris Kenyon, Clive Brook, Evelyn Brent, and William Powell in Paramount’s melodrama “Interference.”’ * * * The J. €. Penney Company cpened its 1080th store in Grass Valley with Mr. Earl Covey as manager. Mr. Covey was pleased with the reception given the new business and planned to make his home permanently in Nevada county. * * * Miss Mary Ruth Arbogast of Blue Tent ‘accepted a _ position as operator at the Nevada City telephone exchange. * * * A six-foot ledge of high grade milling ore was cut into on the 70-foot level at the Pioneer mine. Lassen and.Gibson held a bond anl option on the property from Cc. C. Mitchell. The mine was adjacent to the famous and wealthy Idaho Maryland. * * * Thelma Boreham, a junior. at the Nevada City high schol, was appointed editor of the high TAILINGS . By Jim Towne . FERRED J TREATY—The United States and Japan signed Commodore -erry’s treaty 95 years ago today, March 31, 1854. Perry had been dispatched wtih a squadron to Japan in 1852, and negotiated a treaty. opening up.and_ safe guarding rights of .American commerce in Japanese waters. Prior to this: treaty, which proved 2 boomerang, Japan was isolated. Today another American has taken over in Japan. It is hoped that his efforts will notbounce back and bowl. us over. * * a PURCHASE—Yesterday was the 82nd anniversary of the purchase of Alaska from Russia. On March 30, 1867, the United States purchased 586,400 square smiles of what was formally known as Russian ‘America for $7,200,000. As ‘early as 1929 the total sal$40,469,385. The gold output of that year was estimated over seven million and that of copper 10 million dollars. In the past 20 years great changes have taken place in Alaska. Once as isolated as Japan it is now just as much in evidence. Keep your eye on both countries. And don’t forget to glance Russia’s way. Keep the other eye on United States proper. * * * LEGISLATION—While keeping one eye on the U. S. glance over the state of California, especially Sacramento way, now that the state legislature is in session. And pals, keep both of your. eyes on the state capitol for a while. Three bills are up for legislation that are of special interest to your American way of living. * * * FOOLS—Tomorrow, April. 1, they come into their own. For centuries All Fools’ day has been observed in most European coun-. tries. The custom was_ transplanted to the U. S. It is a day of pranks and laughter. Some pranks result in serious injury. A bill scheduled to appear before the state assembly yesterday if passed and made into a law, today would make fools of many gals living in California. * * * PRUNING—The past few days pruning tools. If one knows his stuff he doesn’t snip, snip and clip, clip any old way. Unwanted growth circulate throughout the tree and mained in the shoots, diverted to the fruit. Congress and _ state legislators could take _ lessons from the orchard men. A, professional pruning to let air circulate within’ the committee rooms and allow common sense to filter into legislation would bear fruit for Johnnie Taxpayer. * * & ; O you. whose hope is high, “Who dost to Truth aspire, Whether thou live or die, O look not back nor tire. —Robert Bridges. Washington Notes By Congressman Clair Engle GRAZING PERMITTEES’ LIABILITIES REDUCED The forest service has issued a new ruling which has tlie effect of reducing the liability of 4 grazing permit holder for damproperty .of another in which he carried on his business. This new language will be welcomed by people in the grazing business who have ben in the position of exposing their life’s earnings to mon pack alone was valued at} huge liabilities over which they ages. by fire or otherwise tO} p2q@ no control. property of the government. This ruling is the result of protracted discussions with the forest service since a case arose in Trinity county in which a land owner was held liable for losses by fire to the government in feed and trees. under his permit. The language of the permit issued by the forest service was of such a nature as to make the permit holder, for all practical purposes, an absolute insurer against any damage occurring to the property. This, of course, is a risk which no prudent business man would want to take. The new forest service ruling changes the language of the grazing permits to, in effect, make the liability of the permit holder that which any other business man would expect to be required in safeguarding ASSESSMENT WORK HEARING, APRIL 4 The hearings on the measure to renew the moratorium on mining assessment work have definitely been set for April 4 before the subcommittee on mines and mining of the ‘house, of whicr I am chairman. A pool] has been taken of the mining associations throughout the country and most of the answers to the inquiry as to the position of the mining associations on this measure are now in. They are heavily in opposition to renewing the moratorium. Apparently, most mining associations feel that continuing to renew the moratorium On assessment work will weaken the mining laws and make those laws more vulneraple to attack. There has been constant pressure in recent years from some government sources to wipe out the mining laws and put all mining on the public domain and other public ‘lands under a_ leasing system. This, of course, has been vigorously opposed by the mining interests and it is feared that repeated moratoriums on the requirement for annual assessment work will open the door for the argument that the mining laws are ineffectual and inoperative anyway and should be repealed. FOLSOM DAM BILL CLEARED school section of the Nugget. On her staff was Mary Jones, Senior reporter; Lena Ghidotti, Junior reporter; Bill Jeffrey, Sophomore reporter, and John Doctor of the Freshman class. 75 YEARS AGO On the roll of honor Second Primary School vada City for the March were Johnny Mien, Lena Nolan, Katie Matteson, George Ragon, Alphonse Isoarl, Allie Graham, Allie Organ, Bert Adair, Adelaide Hothersol, Eddie Walters, Willie Hoffman, Adeline Hothersol, Grant Jacobs, John McQuesteen, Eddie Baker, Georgie Eagie, James Mullen, Charlie Hoffman, Gerson Goldsmith, Emma Scott, Ettie Weiss, Lizzie Monro, Lillie Latta Victor’ Chestmut, Willie Parker, John Nichols, Theodore Gray, Mary Silver and Willie Wheeler. Miss Kate Edwards was the teacher. in the of Nemonth of The rules committee has considered the’ Folsom dam _ bill which I sponsored andhas favorably recommended it for early consideration on the floor of the house. The next job will be to get the time actually scheduled on the floor for its consideration by the house leadership. I am in hopes that this, can be done in the next week or ten days. Just Wonderin’ I Wonder about music now— The heavenly maid when young, Had never heard a swing band swing, Nor heard a torch song sung; But as she wandered through the fields Where. little streams were flowing, ‘She listened in a joyous maze When Pan his pipes was blowing. I wonder if music ever suffers change; times change, modes of expression change, man’s appreciation changes, but is it not true that the soul of music remains leveri'the same? Today, as in the Golden age of Greece, we may wander through the forests, or rest for a time beside little rippling streams and hear the pipes of Pan. We know that the old gods are dead, but their music has not changed through the sweeping centuries. “When music, heavenly maid was young,” birds sang to the accompaniment of rustling shade and rushing rain, murmuring winds and lilting streams. There was music in the world of ages past and that soul which lives in music never departed. Great artists came to enrich the world with noble conceptions of music, but all of them caught the soul of music from:the realms of nature and wove it into the masterpieces of harmony which live on forever. Today, we find that many changes have occurred . in musical expression and in appreciation, but Pan still makes the solitary places harmonious and the music of Handel, Bach and Beethoven lives on because it is immortal. Jazz and swing and torch songs will have their little day and goodness knows, how long that day may be, but the throbbing soul of music will survive, the masterpieces of great composers will be heard and appreciated when the inharmonies’ and vagaries of modern trends orchardists have been busy with, is cut so that air will) nourishment, that would have reare forgotten. I often wish that modern orchestras were not in the habit of employing more musicians than they ‘need, and that the annoying thing called, incidental music. had never been invented. The sounds poured out upon the air by radio are at times almost intolerable. How can one concentrate his thoughts and evolve an answer to the sixty four dollar question, when a swing band is blaring its loudest? How can one follow the conversational parts of his favorite radio drama when it is stifled by the booming sounds of drums and other noisy instruments roaring in his ears? Why all these extraneous noises in situations where dead silence would be preferable ? ‘Can it be that the musical symbol p p has come in reality to mean what it did to the young and inexperienced trumpeter? “Softer, softer,’ cautioned the band leader, ““Try that movement once again.’ The same blasts of sound came forth from the noisy horn, the leader stopped in a rage, “can't you see those leter ppr “Oh yes sir,”’ said the offending musician, “‘] see the. letters p p and don’t they mean pretty powerful?’ Sometime soon, when spring has settled down to stay and be her lovely self, I shall wander down to the banks of a little stream I know and . shall hear Pan, himself making sweet music, or will it be in reality a bird chorus, mingled with the music of wind and water and the soft whispering voices of our northern pines? —Adeline. Merriam. Conner.Ma Gow Diecer’s Frau Charles Scott Haley Again our. friend Naba joined himself to our party and again he was welcome, as by this time he had proved himself to be invaluable in handling the other Antioquenos. We stayed at Girardot for three or four days, getting mules and equipment for the hike across country. By this time we were above the swamp country, in a series of rolling and rather dry foothills. We had a train of about ten pack animals to carry our drill and camp supplies, together with necessary riding animals for ourselves. It took us nearly a week to reach our destination, and as we had good packers and guides, the journey was without event. Arrived at the estate of one Don Asuero Trifon, on the banks of the Soldano, lwe sent our mules back to Girardot, and cut ourselves off from all communication with the outside world. Colombian law. The “‘Haciendero’”’ or large landowner, is absolutely a ruler in his own domain. Native or foreigner, his word is law, and imprisonment or even capital punishment can be exercised without any knowledge of the outside world, or without redress. For this reason, I knew that it behooved us to watch our step. The only thing that I had to worry about was was Knox’s attitude that all Colombias were supposed to be at our disposal for whatever we wanted to do. So when I found out by inquiry at the hacienda that Don Asuero was absent and would be away for about two weeks, I suggested to Knox that we had better wait till we had his permission before setting up our. drill. The chief scoffed at my attitude, and said that we could not afford to waste any time, but must get the drill going at once. However, I did prevail upon him to sign a formal request for permission, to drill, which and presented to the lady of the house. I found her to be very pleasant and hospitable, as well as kindly. Her nephew was with her, and although a very young man, . found that he was major domo, or foreman, for the old Don. I spent the better part of the afternoon there and made friends with him, and asked him to come out and see how a placer property was prospected. I also dwelt on the manifest advantage to the proprietor in case that we discovered that the ground was commercially profitable, as he would get a very good price for land which had little value on the surface. Before . left, relations had been established on a very cordial basis, and when the Senora went out of the oom as . was leaving and came back with about a dozen eggs wrapped up in a handkerchief, which she preeontes to me, I felt a lot better. Next morning we hired a crew from the local natives and by noon, under our instructorship and that of the y. . was particularly careful to avoid treading down any corn or other forage and to keep all gates and fences exactly as I had found them. We put down several holes in the next few weeks, young friend from the hacienda came out almost every day to visit me, and as I always treated him with cerehim a handful of cigars, we remained on the friendliest of terms. _ Knox, however, could see no sense in it. ‘What's that young fellow doing around here, smoking our cigars? Why don’t you. put him to work along with the rest of the natives?’ he would say. Fortunately, his knowledge of Spanish was limited, and . always interpreted his remarks with considerable camouflage—so no harm was done. One afternoon I made a visit, which had become quite regular, to secure a chicken or two and some eggs from the hacienda. It was a warm day, and when . arrived . was hot and thirsty. Immediately the good old lady set the best chair in the house out in the courtyard so that I could rest comfortably and cool off, and told her nephew to bring me something to drink. He walked to a cedar chest which stood inside the main living room, unlocked it, and \brought out a silver wrought mug for me to drink from, which was every beautiful and evidently a famliy heirloom. Nothing else in the house was good enough to be honored by my use, . discovered, and by the time I left, . knew that I had two good and loyal allies on my side in case we got into trouble over our trespass. Next morning, . was informed by one of our workers that Don Asuero Trifon had returned, and commanded my presence immediately. When I relayed the message to my chief, the delicate nature of our situation apparently finally penetrated. We were trespassing on private lands, we were completely cut off from all possible communication with responsible officérs of our own or any other government; and we could, if the Don chose, either rot forever in a vermin infested Colombian jail, or we could be made to disappear very effectively and completely— according to his whim. This was the literal truth, and I let its weight sink in. I felt that Knox deserved a little lésson on the value of courtesy with Latin Americans, and did not mention the groundwork which . felt had been laid in such a manner as to carry us by. As I was the one who spoke Spanish, I was electedto go and represent the two “‘Ingenieros ingleses’’. Incidentally, the impression had arisen that we were English, not American, and . was careful to let it go at that. The severance of Panama from the Colombian government was too recent in the minds of Colombians ‘to nake a Yankee very popular anyway. (to be continued) c, I had written out, and which I took over to the hacienda _ and found little that was of encouragement. But mymony, finding a camp stool for him myself, and giving . a In this hinterland country there is no law—eveng r He made no distinction between peons and landowners. # Sg qo: ay a indefatigable Naba, we had work proceeding very nice-™ ee eae & t q > . ey ; : ] ¢ { ( +h 4 1 ( ] 1 het

_ 2 Nevada City Nugget, Thursday, March 31, 1949 ih $05 Broad Street, Nevada City——Telephone 36 A legal newspaper, as defined by statute ROBERT H. and DONALD .W. WRAY, -Publishers KENNETH W. WRAY, Editor and Advertising Manager as Member California Newspaper Publishers Association . Published every Thursday at Nevada City, California, and entered as matter of the second class in the postoffice at Nevada City under Act of Congress, March 3, 1879. ~~ : ae RATES SUBSCRIPTION ‘One year outside county {im advance) -.--.---------------------secerteeno7 $3.00 One year in county (in advance) -....------------------sse-seercrtstnreenens 2.50 Four months (in» advance) ....---------------------besnecenenessce ce teeenene One month {in advance) LET’S BUILD OUR OWN WATER SYSTEM “. The time has come for Nevada City to build ‘its “own water system. The time has come for Nevada City to break away « from the Nevada Irrigation District. ‘The city councils of Nevada City and Grass Valley are dickering with the board of directors of the irrigation district and the water users of the cities are the ones who will pay the raise in water rates if the muni‘ cipalities accept the demands of the district. The irrigation district is inconsistent in its relations with the municipalities. According to their figures the ‘water costs farmers 35 cents a miner's inch. Yet their “published rate to farmers is $29 a miner's inch for a six-months’ season. That works out to 15.8 cents a daily miner's inch. The district asks 160 per cent of “parity’’ for municipality water. 160 per cent of 15.8 cents is 25.28 cents. Where does the irrigation district get its figure of 32 cents? . * One time the district says it won't offer a contract to the cities and within a week it offers a five-year contract at 32 cents upon abrogation of the current contract. The latest offer-at Tuesday's meeting was _a six and three-quarters years’ contract at 32 cents. Earlier the district said the rate to the cities would be 45 cents a miner’s inch if the current contract was “permitted to run its course. What is the basis of all these differing figures? Why should there be such a difference? Why should the district ask as a rate 25.28 ‘cents (approximately) one time, 45 cents another time, and now 32 cents? Are these figures picked from a blue sky? Doesn't the district actually know what its cost of delivering a miner’s inch of water to any consumer is? And shouldn't the cast of delivering water to a consumer plus an upcharge for contingencies be the basis of water rates? The irrigation district, like all governmental districts in the state of California, exists solely to render a-service to the public and is and should be a nonprofit organization. It is the recommendation of The Nugget that Ne“vada City ride out the current contract at 16 cents per miner's inch and by Dec. 31, 1951, build or ac“quire its own water system and forever be free of ~ domination by any other governmental agency. Grass Valley has no other water source but the irrigation district, but Nevada City is not in that position. The flood waters of little Deer creek and Deer creek can be impounded. Nevada:City has water available by condemnation and eminent domain. ” Nevada City in 1948 paid approximately $3500 to the district for water. Based on the current asked rate the annual additional cost to the city to Dec. 31, 1951, ““will approximately $9400. It is money that is gone forever. The same money invested in a physical plant would be a capital asset. The Nugget recommends that the city not accept the proposal of the irrigation district. Nevada City can act in its own right and need not bow to the irrigation district just because Grass Valley has little choice. : Efficient management and reduction of the budget is a must for the district or the district and its water users will “‘bust.”’ We think the cities have offered a rate consistent “* with the district's interpretation of its costs. If the district sees fit tb not accept the offer, we feel that Nevada City will be far better off with its own water ee supply plant. TEN BEST BOOKS OF YEAR Book publishers have selected ten books issued in ‘1948 which in their opinions ‘have most progressively influenced American thought in 1948.” From these ten books a panel of three judges will select a winner for the $1000 Gutenberg award. The ten books are ‘Crusade in Europe,” by D. D. Eisenhower; ‘‘Cry, the Beloved Country,’ Alan Pa“ton; “Education in a Divided World,” J. B. Conant; “The Gathering Storm,’ by W. S. Churchill; “1he Naked and the Dead,’’ by Norman Mailer; ‘‘No Place to Hide,” by David Bradley; “Our Plundered Planet,” by Fairfield Osborn; “Road to Survival,” by William Vogt; “Roosevelt and Hopkins,” by R. E. Sherwood; and “Sexual Behavior in the Human Male,” by Kinsey, Pomeroy and Martin. Of these ten we have read only three. : _ “The Naked and the Dead,” rough in language but a photographic study of the human male under almost "every imaginable emotional and physical strain and condition. The book portrays more poignantly the futility and stupidity of war than any book we have yead including Tolstoy's ““War and Peace.” “No Place to Hide,"’ sounded the ticking of the “time bomb that the next war and atom bombs will oe Gathering Storm,” is the alibi of the superior riton for the cataclysm of war that western Europe headlong into in the 1930s. Nevada County Long Ago Floy-Margaret Reynolds 20 YEARS AGO The Nevada City Elns staged a Dutch dinner—Dutch even to the ““Speisekartes’’ at each place listing: the appropriate. name for each course on the menu. The committe in charge consisted of Herrs Emil Ott, Ernie Schreiber, Karl Kopp, Louie Kopp, Gove Celio and William Fouyer. Exalted Ruler Tom Richards was forced to contribute several kopecks to the charity box for attempting to introduce some French on the Dutch occasion. * bd * The showbill at the Nevada theater for the week included Clara Bow in “Three Week Ends”; Charlie Chaplin in “The Circus”’;. “The Devil's Trade Mark’? with Belle Bennett; and Doris Kenyon, Clive Brook, Evelyn Brent, and William Powell in Paramount’s melodrama “Interference.”’ * * * The J. €. Penney Company cpened its 1080th store in Grass Valley with Mr. Earl Covey as manager. Mr. Covey was pleased with the reception given the new business and planned to make his home permanently in Nevada county. * * * Miss Mary Ruth Arbogast of Blue Tent ‘accepted a _ position as operator at the Nevada City telephone exchange. * * * A six-foot ledge of high grade milling ore was cut into on the 70-foot level at the Pioneer mine. Lassen and.Gibson held a bond anl option on the property from Cc. C. Mitchell. The mine was adjacent to the famous and wealthy Idaho Maryland. * * * Thelma Boreham, a junior. at the Nevada City high schol, was appointed editor of the high TAILINGS . By Jim Towne . FERRED J TREATY—The United States and Japan signed Commodore -erry’s treaty 95 years ago today, March 31, 1854. Perry had been dispatched wtih a squadron to Japan in 1852, and negotiated a treaty. opening up.and_ safe guarding rights of .American commerce in Japanese waters. Prior to this: treaty, which proved 2 boomerang, Japan was isolated. Today another American has taken over in Japan. It is hoped that his efforts will notbounce back and bowl. us over. * * a PURCHASE—Yesterday was the 82nd anniversary of the purchase of Alaska from Russia. On March 30, 1867, the United States purchased 586,400 square smiles of what was formally known as Russian ‘America for $7,200,000. As ‘early as 1929 the total sal$40,469,385. The gold output of that year was estimated over seven million and that of copper 10 million dollars. In the past 20 years great changes have taken place in Alaska. Once as isolated as Japan it is now just as much in evidence. Keep your eye on both countries. And don’t forget to glance Russia’s way. Keep the other eye on United States proper. * * * LEGISLATION—While keeping one eye on the U. S. glance over the state of California, especially Sacramento way, now that the state legislature is in session. And pals, keep both of your. eyes on the state capitol for a while. Three bills are up for legislation that are of special interest to your American way of living. * * * FOOLS—Tomorrow, April. 1, they come into their own. For centuries All Fools’ day has been observed in most European coun-. tries. The custom was_ transplanted to the U. S. It is a day of pranks and laughter. Some pranks result in serious injury. A bill scheduled to appear before the state assembly yesterday if passed and made into a law, today would make fools of many gals living in California. * * * PRUNING—The past few days pruning tools. If one knows his stuff he doesn’t snip, snip and clip, clip any old way. Unwanted growth circulate throughout the tree and mained in the shoots, diverted to the fruit. Congress and _ state legislators could take _ lessons from the orchard men. A, professional pruning to let air circulate within’ the committee rooms and allow common sense to filter into legislation would bear fruit for Johnnie Taxpayer. * * & ; O you. whose hope is high, “Who dost to Truth aspire, Whether thou live or die, O look not back nor tire. —Robert Bridges. Washington Notes By Congressman Clair Engle GRAZING PERMITTEES’ LIABILITIES REDUCED The forest service has issued a new ruling which has tlie effect of reducing the liability of 4 grazing permit holder for damproperty .of another in which he carried on his business. This new language will be welcomed by people in the grazing business who have ben in the position of exposing their life’s earnings to mon pack alone was valued at} huge liabilities over which they ages. by fire or otherwise tO} p2q@ no control. property of the government. This ruling is the result of protracted discussions with the forest service since a case arose in Trinity county in which a land owner was held liable for losses by fire to the government in feed and trees. under his permit. The language of the permit issued by the forest service was of such a nature as to make the permit holder, for all practical purposes, an absolute insurer against any

damage occurring to the property. This, of course, is a risk which no prudent business man would want to take. The new forest service ruling changes the language of the grazing permits to, in effect, make the liability of the permit holder that which any other business man would expect to be required in safeguarding ASSESSMENT WORK HEARING, APRIL 4 The hearings on the measure to renew the moratorium on mining assessment work have definitely been set for April 4 before the subcommittee on mines and mining of the ‘house, of whicr I am chairman. A pool] has been taken of the mining associations throughout the country and most of the answers to the inquiry as to the position of the mining associations on this measure are now in. They are heavily in opposition to renewing the moratorium. Apparently, most mining associations feel that continuing to renew the moratorium On assessment work will weaken the mining laws and make those laws more vulneraple to attack. There has been constant pressure in recent years from some government sources to wipe out the mining laws and put all mining on the public domain and other public ‘lands under a_ leasing system. This, of course, has been vigorously opposed by the mining interests and it is feared that repeated moratoriums on the requirement for annual assessment work will open the door for the argument that the mining laws are ineffectual and inoperative anyway and should be repealed. FOLSOM DAM BILL CLEARED school section of the Nugget. On her staff was Mary Jones, Senior reporter; Lena Ghidotti, Junior reporter; Bill Jeffrey, Sophomore reporter, and John Doctor of the Freshman class. 75 YEARS AGO On the roll of honor Second Primary School vada City for the March were Johnny Mien, Lena Nolan, Katie Matteson, George Ragon, Alphonse Isoarl, Allie Graham, Allie Organ, Bert Adair, Adelaide Hothersol, Eddie Walters, Willie Hoffman, Adeline Hothersol, Grant Jacobs, John McQuesteen, Eddie Baker, Georgie Eagie, James Mullen, Charlie Hoffman, Gerson Goldsmith, Emma Scott, Ettie Weiss, Lizzie Monro, Lillie Latta Victor’ Chestmut, Willie Parker, John Nichols, Theodore Gray, Mary Silver and Willie Wheeler. Miss Kate Edwards was the teacher. in the of Nemonth of The rules committee has considered the’ Folsom dam _ bill which I sponsored andhas favorably recommended it for early consideration on the floor of the house. The next job will be to get the time actually scheduled on the floor for its consideration by the house leadership. I am in hopes that this, can be done in the next week or ten days. Just Wonderin’ I Wonder about music now— The heavenly maid when young, Had never heard a swing band swing, Nor heard a torch song sung; But as she wandered through the fields Where. little streams were flowing, ‘She listened in a joyous maze When Pan his pipes was blowing. I wonder if music ever suffers change; times change, modes of expression change, man’s appreciation changes, but is it not true that the soul of music remains leveri'the same? Today, as in the Golden age of Greece, we may wander through the forests, or rest for a time beside little rippling streams and hear the pipes of Pan. We know that the old gods are dead, but their music has not changed through the sweeping centuries. “When music, heavenly maid was young,” birds sang to the accompaniment of rustling shade and rushing rain, murmuring winds and lilting streams. There was music in the world of ages past and that soul which lives in music never departed. Great artists came to enrich the world with noble conceptions of music, but all of them caught the soul of music from:the realms of nature and wove it into the masterpieces of harmony which live on forever. Today, we find that many changes have occurred . in musical expression and in appreciation, but Pan still makes the solitary places harmonious and the music of Handel, Bach and Beethoven lives on because it is immortal. Jazz and swing and torch songs will have their little day and goodness knows, how long that day may be, but the throbbing soul of music will survive, the masterpieces of great composers will be heard and appreciated when the inharmonies’ and vagaries of modern trends orchardists have been busy with, is cut so that air will) nourishment, that would have reare forgotten. I often wish that modern orchestras were not in the habit of employing more musicians than they ‘need, and that the annoying thing called, incidental music. had never been invented. The sounds poured out upon the air by radio are at times almost intolerable. How can one concentrate his thoughts and evolve an answer to the sixty four dollar question, when a swing band is blaring its loudest? How can one follow the conversational parts of his favorite radio drama when it is stifled by the booming sounds of drums and other noisy instruments roaring in his ears? Why all these extraneous noises in situations where dead silence would be preferable ? ‘Can it be that the musical symbol p p has come in reality to mean what it did to the young and inexperienced trumpeter? “Softer, softer,’ cautioned the band leader, ““Try that movement once again.’ The same blasts of sound came forth from the noisy horn, the leader stopped in a rage, “can't you see those leter ppr “Oh yes sir,”’ said the offending musician, “‘] see the. letters p p and don’t they mean pretty powerful?’ Sometime soon, when spring has settled down to stay and be her lovely self, I shall wander down to the banks of a little stream I know and . shall hear Pan, himself making sweet music, or will it be in reality a bird chorus, mingled with the music of wind and water and the soft whispering voices of our northern pines? —Adeline. Merriam. Conner.Ma Gow Diecer’s Frau Charles Scott Haley Again our. friend Naba joined himself to our party and again he was welcome, as by this time he had proved himself to be invaluable in handling the other Antioquenos. We stayed at Girardot for three or four days, getting mules and equipment for the hike across country. By this time we were above the swamp country, in a series of rolling and rather dry foothills. We had a train of about ten pack animals to carry our drill and camp supplies, together with necessary riding animals for ourselves. It took us nearly a week to reach our destination, and as we had good packers and guides, the journey was without event. Arrived at the estate of one Don Asuero Trifon, on the banks of the Soldano, lwe sent our mules back to Girardot, and cut ourselves off from all communication with the outside world. Colombian law. The “‘Haciendero’”’ or large landowner, is absolutely a ruler in his own domain. Native or foreigner, his word is law, and imprisonment or even capital punishment can be exercised without any knowledge of the outside world, or without redress. For this reason, I knew that it behooved us to watch our step. The only thing that I had to worry about was was Knox’s attitude that all Colombias were supposed to be at our disposal for whatever we wanted to do. So when I found out by inquiry at the hacienda that Don Asuero was absent and would be away for about two weeks, I suggested to Knox that we had better wait till we had his permission before setting up our. drill. The chief scoffed at my attitude, and said that we could not afford to waste any time, but must get the drill going at once. However, I did prevail upon him to sign a formal request for permission, to drill, which and presented to the lady of the house. I found her to be very pleasant and hospitable, as well as kindly. Her nephew was with her, and although a very young man, . found that he was major domo, or foreman, for the old Don. I spent the better part of the afternoon there and made friends with him, and asked him to come out and see how a placer property was prospected. I also dwelt on the manifest advantage to the proprietor in case that we discovered that the ground was commercially profitable, as he would get a very good price for land which had little value on the surface. Before . left, relations had been established on a very cordial basis, and when the Senora went out of the oom as . was leaving and came back with about a dozen eggs wrapped up in a handkerchief, which she preeontes to me, I felt a lot better. Next morning we hired a crew from the local natives and by noon, under our instructorship and that of the y. . was particularly careful to avoid treading down any corn or other forage and to keep all gates and fences exactly as I had found them. We put down several holes in the next few weeks, young friend from the hacienda came out almost every day to visit me, and as I always treated him with cerehim a handful of cigars, we remained on the friendliest of terms. _ Knox, however, could see no sense in it. ‘What's that young fellow doing around here, smoking our cigars? Why don’t you. put him to work along with the rest of the natives?’ he would say. Fortunately, his knowledge of Spanish was limited, and . always interpreted his remarks with considerable camouflage—so no harm was done. One afternoon I made a visit, which had become quite regular, to secure a chicken or two and some eggs from the hacienda. It was a warm day, and when . arrived . was hot and thirsty. Immediately the good old lady set the best chair in the house out in the courtyard so that I could rest comfortably and cool off, and told her nephew to bring me something to drink. He walked to a cedar chest which stood inside the main living room, unlocked it, and \brought out a silver wrought mug for me to drink from, which was every beautiful and evidently a famliy heirloom. Nothing else in the house was good enough to be honored by my use, . discovered, and by the time I left, . knew that I had two good and loyal allies on my side in case we got into trouble over our trespass. Next morning, . was informed by one of our workers that Don Asuero Trifon had returned, and commanded my presence immediately. When I relayed the message to my chief, the delicate nature of our situation apparently finally penetrated. We were trespassing on private lands, we were completely cut off from all possible communication with responsible officérs of our own or any other government; and we could, if the Don chose, either rot forever in a vermin infested Colombian jail, or we could be made to disappear very effectively and completely— according to his whim. This was the literal truth, and I let its weight sink in. I felt that Knox deserved a little lésson on the value of courtesy with Latin Americans, and did not mention the groundwork which . felt had been laid in such a manner as to carry us by. As I was the one who spoke Spanish, I was electedto go and represent the two “‘Ingenieros ingleses’’. Incidentally, the impression had arisen that we were English, not American, and . was careful to let it go at that. The severance of Panama from the Colombian government was too recent in the minds of Colombians ‘to nake a Yankee very popular anyway. (to be continued) c, I had written out, and which I took over to the hacienda _ and found little that was of encouragement. But mymony, finding a camp stool for him myself, and giving . a In this hinterland country there is no law—eveng r He made no distinction between peons and landowners. # Sg qo: ay a indefatigable Naba, we had work proceeding very nice-™ ee eae & t q > . ey ; : ] ¢ { ( +h 4 1 ( ] 1 het