September 2, 1949 (4 pages)

_falling trees about three weeks ‘day, 6:15 p.m., with brakes hot house’ corner, the entire populaCALLOWAY RD. Cal-Ida Lumber company resumed operating the Brandy City mill, 14 miles west of Downieville, after being closed since the winter. Cal-Ida contracted to cut from a section. of privately owned timber between Downieville and Alleghany. A crew of men‘started ago. The old Calloway road, built in 1851-52 and -used extensively in the last century for freight and travel, was repaired for use as a logging road. The road enters Downieville past the Oro mine and the Sierra county courthouse, It is steep and crooked. Driver Leo Rocks, wheeling a load of logs on a truck and trailler, arrived in Downieville Monand smoking. With widespread conjecture whether the driver could maneuver his load of 32feet logs past the sharp courttion of Downieville was out to help the trucker squeeze by, even if it required shoe horns. The trucker knew his stuff through and wheeled his juggernaut by and on down 49 to the mill near Brandy City. Cal-Ida’s management-~said it plans to use a crew in the woods until weather is too inclement for hauling; then add employes and operate the mill on a year-around basis. Cal-Ida built the Brandy City mill about six years ago to cut on U. S. national forest land under forest service policy of sustained yield. Cal-Ida this spring felt the demands of the forest service in stumpage rates, selection of trees for cutting, and use of low-grade timber, were unreasonable and did not reopen the mill at usual resumption time. BURGLARS HAVE FREEDOM LESS THAN 24 HOURS Fast detective and police work on the part of Nevada county sheriff's office personnel and Santa Cruz county officers resulted in capture of four youth' ful burglars less than 24 hours . after they had broken into “and robbed Carbona’s store-inTruckee at 1 a.m., Monday. Robert Ruddell, 19, Bakersfield; King Montgomery, 18, Aptos; Allan. Kendall, 35, New York; and Gerald Gospodnetich; 21, Watsonville, are lodged in Nevada county jail following their . return from Watsonville’ by'! Sheriff Richard W. Hoskins and Deputy Sheriff Dewey Watters. ! The four men were arraigned in justicé court at Truckee Wednesday on a grand burglary charge, and:.will have their preliminary next week, Hoskins said. Hoskins stated the men had burglarized the Truckee store of an estimated $500 to $1,000 worth of merchandise: and clothing and two guns, a .38 calibre military and police pistol and a .32 automatic. Thirty dollars in cash was also taken from the till of the store. The men were captured in Watsonville near midnight Monday following deduction that the men were headed there. DONNER VOTERS OKEY GATEWAY HOSPITAL Residents of Truckee-Donner area voted overwhelmingly in favor of $150,000 bond issue to construct a modern hospital in Gateway park near Truckee. In a heavy vote for a single issue, the bond issue won out 412 to 70. The final unofficial tabulation . revealed the following results: Truckee. 243 to 22; King Beach 52 to. 21; Tahoe City 67 to 21; Donner Summit 50 to 5. Most residents of the mountain area were pleased at the out . come of the election which vir. tually assures the construction of the sorely-needed hospital in the near future. The proposed 12-bed hospital will be located at Gateway park near Truckee on property donated by Richard Joseph in memory of his son, Lt. Lavon Joseph, killed in the Pacific. Applications for federal and she fell from the chair and frac-, Avear, Volume 22—No. 52 NEVADA CITY (Nevada County) CALIFORNIA ‘ Friday, September 2, 1949 “ STATE WELFARE BUILDING DIN Nevada county office of the state welfare office administering old age security and blind assistance programs opened yesterday midst din of hammering and tinal phases. of_construction work at the Pine and Commercial location recently vacated by Foreman and Judd. ' Kief D. Melberg, supervisor of the new office, yesterday afternoon turned over the keys and records of the county welfare assistance office to Miss Ernestine Eilerman, Nevada City, who was appointed director of the office the same morning by the Nevada . ’ county board of: supervisors. The state office will handle only old age security and blind assistanice programs under the administration of State Welfare Director Mrs. Myrtle Williams, set up by passage last fall of proposition No. 4 in the November elections. All but one of Melberg’s staff from the county office transferred with him to the state wel-: fare office. His assistants in the new program are Mrs. Elfrieda Higer, Mrs. Madge _ Slaughtner, Richard Christie, social workers, all from Nevada City; Mrs. June Kelly, Mrs. Leslie Osserman, Nevada City, Mrs. Florence Kelly and. Mrs. Virginia Levey, Grass Valley, clerks. Melberg said his table of organization calls for two more personnel. Asked what his opinion of probable happening should proposition four be repealed by proposition two in the forthcoming special election, Melberg, said he and his crew would probably move back into the county offices, but that he didn’t know. Miss Eilerman announced Miss Lois Beverage, Nevada City, will be her clerk, with a case worker to be appointed by the board of supervisors. MRS. DORIS FOLEY NEW COUNTY RURAL SCHOOL SUPERVISOR Mrs. Doris Foley, local elementary school teacher and officer of the Nevada County Historical society, was appointed county rural school supervisor to succeed David Dalke, by Superintendent Walter A. Carlson. Mrs. Foley taught in Nevada City elementary school for 12 years.She taught first grade last year until mid year when she _ took a leave Of absence for her health. As supervisor; Mrs; Foley will conduct art, music, and audiovisual aids phases of elementary education program. Dalke, who served as _ supervisor during the 1948-49 school will be principal at the Union Hill elementary school, according to Carlson. SWEETLAND NATIVE SUCCUMBS IN IDAHO Word was received in Nevada City this week of the death on Aug. 19 of Mrs. Ada Perry Landsburg, 90, in Kuna, Idaho. Last rites were held in Kuna Methodist church with interment Kuna cemetery. Mrs. Landsburg was born Jan. 30, 1859, in Sweetland where she was married Aug. 10, 1881, to Jasper Landsburg. She taught schools in this area for many years. Surviving are one daughter, Linda Landsburg Fiss, Kuna; and a foster-daughter, Verna Hiscox Hale. In 1910 she and her husband moved * to Kuna, where Mr. Landsburg passed away in 1919. She was an honorary member of the Order of the Eastern Star in Kuna, after more than fifty years of active membership. She fell and broke both legs 16 years ago and was confined to . a wheel chair. Five years ago . state funds totaling $264,000 have , tured a hip bone. Despite her been filed with the appropriate; years her mind was keen. Only agencies and are awaiting final. recently she wrote a history of approval. jher native Sweetland. , and ; in: Stalin Bosses 13 Members of The Politburo Copyright 1949, by The Nugget By JAMES C. CROCKETT, Col., U.S. A., Ret. The Soviet Politburo, with Stalin as its chairman—and boss, governs every phase of Russian life. The 13 members of the buro are all appointees of Stalin and are his abject yes men. They form the most powerful, the most’ nervous and the most sinister ruling group in the world. r The constitution of the Soviet Union which sets up and defines the legal machinery of the government does not even mention the . Politburo. It therefore has no legal authority; nevertheless the Politburo as the top agency of the Communist party is a super government which rules all Russia without the guidance of public opinion. me Some people in the United States claim that Stalin is not the boss of the Politburo and say that he is ruled by the other members. I never Saw any signs of this during my ey in Russia. The deferential attie of the other. members when . they are in the presence of Stalin ~ show clearly that he is the ruler. Stalin is the only member who has survived since the organization ‘of the Politburo. : . . Often from the reviewing stand at the foot of Lenin’s tomb in Red Square (Moscow), I have watched aes “ae §=6Stalin and the other members of Col. James C. Crockett the Politburo as they reviewed aes massed columns of soldiers, political i cena niseare and factory workers. n these occasions the MVD security troops and secret poli cleared the Square, and the streets which lead Fnto it, of -all pee Lines of armed guards standing side by side walled off the large cleared area. Other guards wtih rifles and machine guns were posted on the roofs of all adjacent houses. The windows of these houses were closed and people were not allowed on the balconies. Double lines of guards were established as an inner circle within the cleared and guarded area. Finally a line of armed guards was thrown around the reviewing stand and Lenin’s tomb. When all guards were posted, visitors checked and accounted for, the Politburo led by Stalin came through a door in the Kremlin wall behind Lenin’s tomb, mounted the stairs to the reviewing place, and the Parade of soldiers ahd citizens began. After the soldiers passed in review, the citizens marched by. Special MVD guards marched with the columns. to prevent them from stopping or slowing up in front of their masters. The offices and apartments of the Politburo members are within the Kremlin walls, but they also have great country estates. So far as I know Stalin has only three houses, one is near Gagry on the Black Sea, coast of Georgia, where he often spends his vacations. Another is in the Kremlin, third is about 20 miles outside “dacha’ (country house). This dacha is a large brick building with several adjacent smaller buildings, all in a park filled with trees and surrounded by a high brick wall. There are six entrances to Stalin’s “dacha’”, each guarded by uniformed MVD police officers with rifles. No one at the “dacha” knows which gate Stalin will use, a precautionary measure against treachery. Several times I have seen Stalin going from or to his dacha. A car driven by a uniformed MVD officer and carrying one or more MVD guards with machine gun and radio always precedes Stalin’s car, Then comes Stalin’s large, bullet-proof car, often with curtains drawn down over the windows. A third car similar to the leading car follows. All the automobiles travel rapidly. The elaborate precautions taken to protect Stalin and the members of the Politburo from their own fellow citizens, show that these despots know they govern without the consent of the people and give some idea of the fear and terror under which these Communist bosses live. As a military attache in ussia, I studied the Politburo and its members for four years. My opinion based on that study is that the members fear and distrust each other. They are ambitious and jealous like other men, but they also live in terror of being unfavorably reported to Stalin by the MGB (secret political police). It is this fear which prevents disagreements and the formation of opposing groups in the Politburo. : Stalin is the final authority on the interpretation of the Communist party line. Officials who deviate from this line are reported to him by the secret police. Deviation is the most serious offense that a Communist can commit. The career and the very life of the officials and their families are endangered by a police report. An unfavorable report usually causes the liquidation of the man reported upon. When an official is reported his associates are afraid to defend him lest they, too, be accused of deviation from the party line. They therefore turn against the accused who-has laid himself open to criticism. In order to keep in line with the Communist party line, no matter what secret views the Politburo member may have, he is, so far as speech and actions are concerned, the unplacable foe of the capitalist nations. It is this attitude and the fear of being called a deviationist from the Communist party line which makes it impossible for any member of the Politburo to show himself friendly towards the United States. In next week‘s Nugget I will try to answer the question— Who will succeed Stalin?which is his official residence. The of Moscow. This is known as Stalin’s Transfer of Colusa Bus Line to Nevada County Bus Lines Authorized California public utilities commission duthorized sale of Pacific Greyhound Yuba City-Colusa bus Rural Teachers Workshop Today at Union Hill A one day workshop for rural teachers of Nevada county has been scheduled today at the Union Hill school, according to Grass Valley. line to Nevada County Bus Lines. Authorization followed recent hearing in Colusa, at which protests to proposed transfer failed to materialize. Nevada County Bus Lines was also ‘allowed to extend Yuba City-Colusa service to Marysville and link with service from Auburn, Colfax, Nevada City and County Superintendent of Schools Walter A: Carlson. The workshop will convene at 9 a.m. and will consist of morning, afternoon and luncheon periods. Former teachers will renew acquaintances and new te hers will meet associates in addition to formal program. of the workshop. STATE HIGHWAY DIVISION WILL STUDY GV ROAD C. H. Whitemore, Marysville, state division of highways, ad‘. vised in a letter to the Nevada county board of supervisors that the division is proposing studies and surveys for improvement of the highway between Nevada City and Grass Valley. *The board yesterday adopted an ordinance by a vote of 4 to 1 setting official hours of the courthouse offices. The hours will remain as at prsent 9 to 5 on week-days, 9 to 12 on Saturdays and closed Sundays and holidays. Supervisor Frank J. Rowe, second district, was the dissenter. month lease of a garage in Truckee. Six thousand dollars was transferred as a loan from the general road fund to the special road improvement fund to be repaid upon receipt of gas tax money from the state. Charles W. Veale, superintendent of county hospital, was granted annual. leave commencing Wednesday. The board signed a five-year contract with Truckee sanitary: district for a T-40 tractor. A resolution endorsing clarification. of names of certain streams of Nevada county was adopted upon recommendation of Earnest A. Bailey, bureau of reclamation. The board officially adopted a tax rate of $1.97. Members of the board-are attending the state fair in Sacramento today, having recessed until Tuesday. NEVADA CITY FLOOD OF 1852 ON RADIO TONIGHT OVER KDAN Tonight at 7 o’clock over radio station KDAN, Oroville, 1340 kilocycles, “The Old Story Teller,” roaring flood of 1852 that washed away the Jenny Lind theater. The program will also have a word or two about the old National! hotel. Advance publicity on the program indicates the story may be slightly inaccurate, as it calls the showhouse the Prof. Robbins’ theater and saloon. According to “Gold Rush Days in Nevada City,” by H. P. Davis, “the career of the Jenny Lind theater was abruptly and dramatically ended . A most severe storm . . caused a great flood damage . . For several days Deer creek rose alarmingly. On the evening of March 5, 1852, a heavy drift log :carried down the swollen stream, struck and demolished some of the supporting timbers of the theater. “At this very moment a hearseveral liens on the Jenny Lind was in progress at the shake court house on Broad street. Informed of. the threatened destruction of the building under discussion the appellants, defendants and witnesses rushed out to: view the effect of the cataclysm.” Davis quotes an attorney of one of the creditors as saying, “There is a lien which will take precedence over all of: us.” Davis continues “The following morning the Main street bridge went out, and at noon a large crowd, assembled in amnticipation of a major calamity, saw carry away the Broad several adjacent buildings.” . Mobile X-ray Unit To . . Be Here in September Nevada City district will be . Served Sept. 19-22 by the mobile X-ray unit of the tuberculosis and health association, according to. . @n announcement by the Nevada jcounty branch of the organization. . This annual service is financed by sale of Christmas seals and is , available to all adults and children over 15 years of age.’ . } { will feature a story of the! The board renewed a $30 al NEVADA CITY SCHOOLS OPEN SEPTEMBER 12: The Nevada City elementary and high schools will open the 1949-50 school year Monday, Sept. 12, it was announced following a special meeting of the trustees of the Nevada City unified school district Monday evening at the elementary school. Registration at the high school for freshmen and transfer students will take place Thursday, Sept. 8, High School Principal E. A. Frantz announced. Registration of new students at the elementary school, ‘according to Principal : Lloyd Geist, has been scheduled for Wednesday and Thursday, Sept. 7-8. The board of trustees set Sept. 7 to consider bids for the few 60-passenger school bus for the district. The board voted to publish specifications and call for bidders to construct a section of wall enclosing portions of the elementary school playground. They will also call for bids on surfacing of the playgrounds that have brought dust and mud problems in recent years. The board will call for estimates on installation of showers. The board approved Nevada City high school’s participation in a conference football festival. Two teachers will’ fill vacancies on the staff of Nevada City elementary school, according: to Principal Lloyd Geist: ? Mrs. Vivian Billick and Douglas Conway, both experienced elementary school teachers, have been assigned to the sixth and seventh grades. The remainder of the 20-teacher staff will remain the same as last year, with the following instructors scheduled to greet the youngsters Monday morning, Sept. 12: Frances Mason, kindergarten; Mrs. Irma Atkins and Mrs. Jean Smollet, first grades; Mrs. Willena Wolfe, and Mrs. Elizabeth Ryan, second grades; Mrs. Mary Warnecke, and Mrs. Jean Haley, third graders; Mrs. Elise DeMattei, and Miss Savory Ford, fourth. grades. Miss Ruth Hogan, and Mrs. Kathryn Carlson, fifth and sixth grades; Mrs. Billick, sixth grade; Conway and Mrs. Alice Thibaulf, ; seventh and eighth grades; Rob{ ing to determine the priority of} court adjourned and the judge,! ert Bonner, eighth grade and boys’ physical education; Mrs. Mabel Flindt, library and eighth grade; William Tobiassen, chorus; Willard Goerz, band; Frane-” Luschen, orchestra; Mrs. Isabel Hefelfinger, school nurse. chs The last four teachers fill similar positions on the high school teaching staff. Geist reported the school cafeteria is’ under the direction of Mrs. Maria Maison, head cook, assisted. by Mrs.Laverna Laughand Mrs. Margaret Davis. NUGGET TO REVERT TO WEEKLY PUBLICATION Starting with next week The Nugget will publish once a week. on Fridays. The Nugget tried twice weekly publication the past four months and it has proven economically unfeasible—lack of advertising support makes continuance of. the edition of the early part of the week unprofitable. The Nugget subscribers will continue to get all the news of Nevada City jam-packed into one issue per week. The Nugget will continue its many interesting features and articles and will also continue with its aggressive constructive editorial policy. The Nugget has received many compliments on its many improvements, but compliments and ‘praise do not pay the paper and ink supply houses and the tax collectors. . ‘Railway Offices Will a great accumulation of debris! street . bridge and with it the theater and . Be Closed Saturdays Effective Saturday, Railway express, railroad, transport and freight system offices will observe a five-day week. The Saturday closing is nationwide. The Saturday work day had been paid at time and onehalf basis. The Weather Fred Bush, observer Friday, Aug. 26 ... 87 45. Saturday, Aug. 27 .. 87 48 Sunday, Aug. 28 .. 78 56 Monday, Aug. 29 _. 86 53 Tuesday, Aug. 30 .. 89 51 Wednesday, Aug. 31.89 48 . ‘Thursday, Sept. 1 .. 94. 54 ' Rainfall: Aug. 28, .20, .

_falling trees about three weeks ‘day, 6:15 p.m., with brakes hot house’ corner, the entire populaCALLOWAY RD. Cal-Ida Lumber company resumed operating the Brandy City mill, 14 miles west of Downieville, after being closed since the winter. Cal-Ida contracted to cut from a section. of privately owned timber between Downieville and Alleghany. A crew of men‘started ago. The old Calloway road, built in 1851-52 and -used extensively in the last century for freight and travel, was repaired for use as a logging road. The road enters Downieville past the Oro mine and the Sierra county courthouse, It is steep and crooked. Driver Leo Rocks, wheeling a load of logs on a truck and trailler, arrived in Downieville Monand smoking. With widespread conjecture whether the driver could maneuver his load of 32feet logs past the sharp courttion of Downieville was out to help the trucker squeeze by, even if it required shoe horns. The trucker knew his stuff through and wheeled his juggernaut by and on down 49 to the mill near Brandy City. Cal-Ida’s management-~said it plans to use a crew in the woods until weather is too inclement for hauling; then add employes and operate the mill on a year-around basis. Cal-Ida built the Brandy City mill about six years ago to cut on U. S. national forest land under forest service policy of sustained yield. Cal-Ida this spring felt the demands of the forest service in stumpage rates, selection of trees for cutting, and use of low-grade timber, were unreasonable and did not reopen the mill at usual resumption time. BURGLARS HAVE FREEDOM LESS THAN 24 HOURS Fast detective and police work on the part of Nevada county sheriff's office personnel and Santa Cruz county officers resulted in capture of four youth' ful burglars less than 24 hours . after they had broken into “and robbed Carbona’s store-inTruckee at 1 a.m., Monday. Robert Ruddell, 19, Bakersfield; King Montgomery, 18, Aptos; Allan. Kendall, 35, New York; and Gerald Gospodnetich; 21, Watsonville, are lodged in Nevada county jail following their . return from Watsonville’ by'! Sheriff Richard W. Hoskins and Deputy Sheriff Dewey Watters. ! The four men were arraigned in justicé court at Truckee Wednesday on a grand burglary charge, and:.will have their preliminary next week, Hoskins said. Hoskins stated the men had burglarized the Truckee store of an estimated $500 to $1,000 worth of merchandise: and clothing and two guns, a .38 calibre military and police pistol and a .32 automatic. Thirty dollars in cash was also taken from the till of the store. The men were captured in Watsonville near midnight Monday following deduction that the men were headed there. DONNER VOTERS OKEY GATEWAY HOSPITAL Residents of Truckee-Donner area voted overwhelmingly in favor of $150,000 bond issue to construct a modern hospital in Gateway park near Truckee. In a heavy vote for a single issue, the bond issue won out 412 to 70. The final unofficial tabulation . revealed the following results: Truckee. 243 to 22; King Beach 52 to. 21; Tahoe City 67 to 21; Donner Summit 50 to 5. Most residents of the mountain area were pleased at the out . come of the election which vir. tually assures the construction of the sorely-needed hospital in the near future. The proposed 12-bed hospital will be located at Gateway park near Truckee on property donated by Richard Joseph in memory of his son, Lt. Lavon Joseph, killed in the Pacific. Applications for federal and she fell from the chair and frac-, Avear, Volume 22—No. 52 NEVADA CITY (Nevada County) CALIFORNIA ‘ Friday, September 2, 1949 “ STATE WELFARE BUILDING DIN Nevada county office of the state welfare office administering old age security and blind assistance programs opened yesterday midst din of hammering and tinal phases. of_construction work at the Pine and Commercial location recently vacated by Foreman and Judd. ' Kief D. Melberg, supervisor of the new office, yesterday afternoon turned over the keys and records of the county welfare assistance office to Miss Ernestine Eilerman, Nevada City, who was appointed director of the office the same morning by the Nevada . ’ county board of: supervisors. The state office will handle only old age security and blind assistanice programs under the administration of State Welfare Director Mrs. Myrtle Williams, set up by passage last fall of proposition No. 4 in the November elections. All but one of Melberg’s staff from the county office transferred with him to the state wel-: fare office. His assistants in the new program are Mrs. Elfrieda Higer, Mrs. Madge _ Slaughtner, Richard Christie, social workers, all from Nevada City; Mrs. June Kelly, Mrs. Leslie Osserman, Nevada City, Mrs. Florence Kelly and. Mrs. Virginia Levey, Grass Valley, clerks. Melberg said his table of organization calls for two more personnel. Asked what his opinion of probable happening should proposition four be repealed by proposition two in the forthcoming special election, Melberg, said he and his crew would probably move back into the county offices, but that he didn’t know. Miss Eilerman announced Miss Lois Beverage, Nevada City, will be her clerk, with a case worker to be appointed by the board of supervisors. MRS. DORIS FOLEY NEW COUNTY RURAL SCHOOL SUPERVISOR Mrs. Doris Foley, local elementary school teacher and officer of the Nevada County Historical society, was appointed county rural school supervisor to succeed David Dalke, by Superintendent Walter A. Carlson. Mrs. Foley taught in Nevada City elementary school for 12 years.She taught first grade last year until mid year when she _ took a leave Of absence for her health. As supervisor; Mrs; Foley will conduct art, music, and audiovisual aids phases of elementary education program. Dalke, who served as _ supervisor during the 1948-49 school will be principal at the Union Hill elementary school, according to Carlson. SWEETLAND NATIVE SUCCUMBS IN IDAHO Word was received in Nevada City this week of the death on Aug. 19 of Mrs. Ada Perry Landsburg, 90, in Kuna, Idaho. Last rites were held in Kuna Methodist church with interment Kuna cemetery. Mrs. Landsburg was born Jan. 30, 1859, in Sweetland where she was married Aug. 10, 1881, to Jasper Landsburg. She taught schools in this area for many years. Surviving are one daughter, Linda Landsburg Fiss, Kuna; and a foster-daughter, Verna Hiscox Hale. In 1910 she and her husband moved * to Kuna, where Mr. Landsburg passed away in 1919. She was an honorary member of the Order of the Eastern Star in Kuna, after more than fifty years of active membership. She fell and broke both legs 16 years ago and was confined to . a wheel chair. Five years ago . state funds totaling $264,000 have , tured a hip bone. Despite her been filed with the appropriate; years her mind was keen. Only agencies and are awaiting final. recently she wrote a history of approval. jher native Sweetland. , and ; in: Stalin Bosses 13 Members of The Politburo Copyright 1949, by The Nugget By JAMES C. CROCKETT, Col., U.S. A., Ret. The Soviet Politburo, with Stalin as its chairman—and boss, governs every phase of Russian life. The 13 members of the buro are all appointees of Stalin and are his abject yes men. They form the most powerful, the most’ nervous and the most sinister ruling group in the world. r The constitution of the Soviet Union which sets up and defines the legal machinery of the government does not even mention the . Politburo. It therefore has no legal authority; nevertheless the Politburo as the top agency of the Communist party is a super government which rules all Russia without the guidance of public opinion. me Some people in the United States claim that Stalin is not the boss of the Politburo and say that he is ruled by the other members. I never Saw any signs of this during my ey in Russia. The deferential attie of the other. members when . they are in the presence of Stalin ~ show clearly that he is the ruler. Stalin is the only member who has survived since the organization ‘of the Politburo. : . . Often from the reviewing stand at the foot of Lenin’s tomb in Red Square (Moscow), I have watched aes “ae §=6Stalin and the other members of Col. James C. Crockett the Politburo as they reviewed aes massed columns of soldiers, political i cena niseare and factory workers. n these occasions the MVD security troops and secret poli cleared the Square, and the streets which lead Fnto it, of -all pee Lines of armed guards standing side by side walled off the large cleared area. Other guards wtih rifles and machine guns were posted on the roofs of all adjacent houses. The windows of these houses were closed and people were not allowed on the balconies. Double lines of guards were established as an inner circle within the cleared and guarded area. Finally a line of armed guards was thrown around the reviewing stand and Lenin’s tomb. When all guards were posted, visitors checked and accounted for, the Politburo led by Stalin came through a door in the Kremlin wall behind Lenin’s tomb, mounted the stairs to the reviewing place, and the Parade of soldiers ahd citizens began. After the soldiers passed in review, the citizens marched by. Special MVD guards marched with the columns. to prevent them from stopping or slowing up in front of their masters. The offices and apartments of the Politburo members are within the Kremlin walls, but they also have great country estates. So far as I know Stalin has only three houses, one is near Gagry on the Black Sea, coast of Georgia, where he often spends his vacations. Another is in the Kremlin, third is about 20 miles outside “dacha’ (country house). This dacha is a large brick building with several adjacent smaller buildings, all in a park filled with trees and surrounded by a high brick wall. There are six entrances to Stalin’s “dacha’”, each guarded by uniformed MVD police officers with rifles. No one at the “dacha” knows which gate Stalin will use, a precautionary measure against treachery. Several times I have seen Stalin going from or to his dacha. A car driven by a uniformed MVD officer and carrying one or more MVD guards with machine gun and radio always precedes Stalin’s car, Then comes Stalin’s large, bullet-proof car, often with curtains drawn down over the windows. A third car similar to the leading car follows. All the automobiles travel rapidly. The elaborate precautions taken to protect Stalin and the members

of the Politburo from their own fellow citizens, show that these despots know they govern without the consent of the people and give some idea of the fear and terror under which these Communist bosses live. As a military attache in ussia, I studied the Politburo and its members for four years. My opinion based on that study is that the members fear and distrust each other. They are ambitious and jealous like other men, but they also live in terror of being unfavorably reported to Stalin by the MGB (secret political police). It is this fear which prevents disagreements and the formation of opposing groups in the Politburo. : Stalin is the final authority on the interpretation of the Communist party line. Officials who deviate from this line are reported to him by the secret police. Deviation is the most serious offense that a Communist can commit. The career and the very life of the officials and their families are endangered by a police report. An unfavorable report usually causes the liquidation of the man reported upon. When an official is reported his associates are afraid to defend him lest they, too, be accused of deviation from the party line. They therefore turn against the accused who-has laid himself open to criticism. In order to keep in line with the Communist party line, no matter what secret views the Politburo member may have, he is, so far as speech and actions are concerned, the unplacable foe of the capitalist nations. It is this attitude and the fear of being called a deviationist from the Communist party line which makes it impossible for any member of the Politburo to show himself friendly towards the United States. In next week‘s Nugget I will try to answer the question— Who will succeed Stalin?which is his official residence. The of Moscow. This is known as Stalin’s Transfer of Colusa Bus Line to Nevada County Bus Lines Authorized California public utilities commission duthorized sale of Pacific Greyhound Yuba City-Colusa bus Rural Teachers Workshop Today at Union Hill A one day workshop for rural teachers of Nevada county has been scheduled today at the Union Hill school, according to Grass Valley. line to Nevada County Bus Lines. Authorization followed recent hearing in Colusa, at which protests to proposed transfer failed to materialize. Nevada County Bus Lines was also ‘allowed to extend Yuba City-Colusa service to Marysville and link with service from Auburn, Colfax, Nevada City and County Superintendent of Schools Walter A: Carlson. The workshop will convene at 9 a.m. and will consist of morning, afternoon and luncheon periods. Former teachers will renew acquaintances and new te hers will meet associates in addition to formal program. of the workshop. STATE HIGHWAY DIVISION WILL STUDY GV ROAD C. H. Whitemore, Marysville, state division of highways, ad‘. vised in a letter to the Nevada county board of supervisors that the division is proposing studies and surveys for improvement of the highway between Nevada City and Grass Valley. *The board yesterday adopted an ordinance by a vote of 4 to 1 setting official hours of the courthouse offices. The hours will remain as at prsent 9 to 5 on week-days, 9 to 12 on Saturdays and closed Sundays and holidays. Supervisor Frank J. Rowe, second district, was the dissenter. month lease of a garage in Truckee. Six thousand dollars was transferred as a loan from the general road fund to the special road improvement fund to be repaid upon receipt of gas tax money from the state. Charles W. Veale, superintendent of county hospital, was granted annual. leave commencing Wednesday. The board signed a five-year contract with Truckee sanitary: district for a T-40 tractor. A resolution endorsing clarification. of names of certain streams of Nevada county was adopted upon recommendation of Earnest A. Bailey, bureau of reclamation. The board officially adopted a tax rate of $1.97. Members of the board-are attending the state fair in Sacramento today, having recessed until Tuesday. NEVADA CITY FLOOD OF 1852 ON RADIO TONIGHT OVER KDAN Tonight at 7 o’clock over radio station KDAN, Oroville, 1340 kilocycles, “The Old Story Teller,” roaring flood of 1852 that washed away the Jenny Lind theater. The program will also have a word or two about the old National! hotel. Advance publicity on the program indicates the story may be slightly inaccurate, as it calls the showhouse the Prof. Robbins’ theater and saloon. According to “Gold Rush Days in Nevada City,” by H. P. Davis, “the career of the Jenny Lind theater was abruptly and dramatically ended .. A most severe storm . .. caused a great flood damage . . For several days Deer creek rose alarmingly. On the evening of March 5, 1852, a heavy drift log :carried down the swollen stream, struck and demolished some of the supporting timbers of the theater. “At this very moment a hearseveral liens on the Jenny Lind was in progress at the shake court house on Broad street. Informed of. the threatened destruction of the building under discussion the appellants, defendants and witnesses rushed out to: view the effect of the cataclysm.” Davis quotes an attorney of one of the creditors as saying, “There is a lien which will take precedence over all of: us.” Davis continues “The following morning the Main street bridge went out, and at noon a large crowd, assembled in amnticipation of a major calamity, saw carry away the Broad several adjacent buildings.” . Mobile X-ray Unit To . . Be Here in September Nevada City district will be . Served Sept. 19-22 by the mobile X-ray unit of the tuberculosis and health association, according to. . @n announcement by the Nevada jcounty branch of the organization. . This annual service is financed by sale of Christmas seals and is , available to all adults and children over 15 years of age.’ . } { will feature a story of the! The board renewed a $30 al NEVADA CITY SCHOOLS OPEN SEPTEMBER 12: The Nevada City elementary and high schools will open the 1949-50 school year Monday, Sept. 12, it was announced following a special meeting of the trustees of the Nevada City unified school district Monday evening at the elementary school. Registration at the high school for freshmen and transfer students will take place Thursday, Sept. 8, High School Principal E. A. Frantz announced. Registration of new students at the elementary school, ‘according to Principal : Lloyd Geist, has been scheduled for Wednesday and Thursday, Sept. 7-8. The board of trustees set Sept. 7 to consider bids for the few 60-passenger school bus for the district. The board voted to publish specifications and call for bidders to construct a section of wall enclosing portions of the elementary school playground. They will also call for bids on surfacing of the playgrounds that have brought dust and mud problems in recent years. The board will call for estimates on installation of showers. The board approved Nevada City high school’s participation in a conference football festival.. Two teachers will’ fill vacancies on the staff of Nevada City elementary school, according: to Principal Lloyd Geist: ? Mrs. Vivian Billick and Douglas Conway, both experienced elementary school teachers, have been assigned to the sixth and seventh grades. The remainder of the 20-teacher staff will remain the same as last year, with the following instructors scheduled to greet the youngsters Monday morning, Sept. 12: Frances Mason, kindergarten; Mrs. Irma Atkins and Mrs. Jean Smollet, first grades; Mrs. Willena Wolfe, and Mrs. Elizabeth Ryan, second grades; Mrs. Mary Warnecke, and Mrs. Jean Haley, third graders; Mrs. Elise DeMattei, and Miss Savory Ford, fourth. grades. Miss Ruth Hogan, and Mrs. Kathryn Carlson, fifth and sixth grades; Mrs. Billick, sixth grade; Conway and Mrs. Alice Thibaulf, ; seventh and eighth grades; Rob{ ing to determine the priority of} court adjourned and the judge,! ert Bonner, eighth grade and boys’ physical education; Mrs. Mabel Flindt, library and eighth grade; William Tobiassen, chorus; Willard Goerz, band; Frane-” Luschen, orchestra; Mrs. Isabel Hefelfinger, school nurse. chs The last four teachers fill similar positions on the high school teaching staff. Geist reported the school cafeteria is’ under the direction of Mrs. Maria Maison, head cook, assisted. by Mrs.Laverna Laughand Mrs. Margaret Davis. NUGGET TO REVERT TO WEEKLY PUBLICATION Starting with next week The Nugget will publish once a week. on Fridays. The Nugget tried twice weekly publication the past four months and it has proven economically unfeasible—lack of advertising support makes continuance of. the edition of the early part of the week unprofitable. The Nugget subscribers will continue to get all the news of Nevada City jam-packed into one issue per week. The Nugget will continue its many interesting features and articles and will also continue with its aggressive constructive editorial policy. The Nugget has received many compliments on its many improvements, but compliments and ‘praise do not pay the paper and ink supply houses and the tax collectors. . ‘Railway Offices Will a great accumulation of debris! street . bridge and with it the theater and . Be Closed Saturdays Effective Saturday, Railway express, railroad, transport and freight system offices will observe a five-day week. The Saturday closing is nationwide. The Saturday work day had been paid at time and onehalf basis. The Weather Fred Bush, observer Friday, Aug. 26 ..... 87 45.. Saturday, Aug. 27 ... 87 48 Sunday, Aug. 28 .... 78 56 Monday, Aug. 29 _.. 86 53 Tuesday, Aug. 30 ... 89 51 Wednesday, Aug. 31.89 48 . ‘Thursday, Sept. 1 ... 94. 54 ' Rainfall: Aug. 28, .20, .