February 27, 1939 (4 pages)

Thinking Out Loud By H. M. L. The President apparently has his “Dutch up.” To radio his friends in Congress that he intends to renew the battle for that 150 million lopped off the WPA appropriation bill, indlicaltes that the chief executive finds time ‘to remember his “wrongs,’’ despite mimic naval warfare and deep sea fishing. In the miidst of these pleasures his joy is moderated by the rebuff Congress gave him. In the old days a flaxseed poultfice ceased ‘drawing’? when it was lifted from whatever sore spot on the anatomy it had occupied. But “ in this age of instant communication the mere fact that the President is ramoved ia thousand or two miles from the United States Treastury, does not prevent him from continuing efforts to “‘draw’’ more money for spending. The poultice ts on a vacation but its potency persists. The cleavage ‘between the President and the majority in Congress, while it means, so ffar as can now ibe discerned, a minimum of tinkering with old reforms and no new ) ones, has greatly heartened business, ‘in much the same ratio ais) it has irritated the President. We are not ‘optimistic about an upsurge of prosperity, so Jong as Mr. ‘Roosevelt is in the White House. But ‘we do believe that the present Congress has little hope that we ean spend our way into prosiperiity. The best indication of improving times is the readiness of invesitors to put money in long term investments. As yet there is little indication of that. (y" One of the events which seems to point ithe 'way to greater confidence on the part of investors in long time securities is the reeent victory of the \Commonweath & Southern Corp., in finally wresting a fair price from the TVA for its Tennessee light and, power properties. If ‘this victory were reinforced by some declaration of a limitation upon the area which the TVA seeks to monopolize, it might eventually lead to an outpouring of that billion dollars in much needed mew capital throughout the country in light and power enterprises. The little New Dealer at Sacramento was elected on a platform of economy. The Republican administration had squandered a great ideal of money, much of it, to hear Candidate Olson ‘tell it, for keeping a Republican machine * Now Governor Olson, in power. come 'to power, does exactly the same ‘thing. The Governor has figured out a budget ‘that calls for spending nearly 80 millions more for the 39-41 biennium than Merriam spent. But this budget of course is for virtuous spending. However, to the tax payers, wearied of electing.officials from the President down, on an economy platform, later to see them repudiate their promises, the wicked governor ithat saves them itaxes will wear the halo, and the ‘good but prodigal governor, the thorns. Incidentally we have not a doubt, in the world that many of ‘the millions Gevernor Olson asks of the tax payers are iprecisely ito.do the thing of which the accused Merriam. He will build, if he can a f little New Deal machine and lubricate iit with just as much ‘tax money as he can wring out of the legislature. We-note that the Pardon Board has turned down Billings’ plea to recommend a pardon by a vote of 3 to 2. We are particularly pleased that Attorney General Warren gave as a reason for his vote against the proposal, ia’ statement that he had studied ithe record of Billings’ conviction, and founid mothinig in it to warrant a Pardon. This refusal of a pardon recom{ mendation, ‘has no affect on the i Governor’s power to pardon, but it will be a part of the record when the State Supreme Court considers a pardon application at the request of Billings’ attorneys. Despite the recent declaration of Mooney’s attorney, that because the trial court forgot to mention Billings’ prior . eonviction in ithe record, the Governor will'have sole power to pardon Billings, wie are very skeptical indeed. The fact the trial »sjudge sentenced Billinigs to Folsom where the two-timers go, is surely part of the record. f We are firmly convinced that, the Ei anxiety of Mooney to get a pardion for his old pal originates in the master dynamiter’s fear that ‘new if kept too long immured, Billings will squeal. evada Cit COVERS RICHEST GOLD AREA IN CALIFORNIA Fo te ee — ceaainenaitenieie Pe eam 13, No. 17. __The County Seat sae Se _NEVADA CITY, CALIF ORNIA le scat Center in the right to publish the Truth, with good motives and for just_— ends. —Alexander Hamiln. > ; ‘MONDAY, FEBRUARY 27,1 ‘March 15, 1848: _ ‘The Liberty of the Press consists 8 SUPERVISOR'S BY GRIM REAPER Mrs. Cary S, Arbogast, 64, native of Nevada City and wife of Supervisor C. S. Arbogast, passed away Friday, after being suddenly stricken last Tuesday shortly after celebrating the thirtieth wedding anniversary of herself and husband. She has been ill for many years ‘byt only in the last two years lhad hope for eventual recovery been abandoned. Her swet, cheery, Christian fortitude in the years of her illness won her ‘friends wherever she was known. Mrs. Arbogast was a popular and longtime member of the Nevada City lodge of Rebekahs and Laurel Parlor, N. D. G. W. She giraduated from the local school and spent her entire life in this community. She was married to Cary S. Arbogast in 1908 going as a bride from the Kincaid lhome on Park avenue in which she was ‘born, to live on the ranch at Blue Tent for a few years. Upon iIMr. and Mrs. Arobogiaist’s return ‘to town they purchased their present home on Park avenue. Left to mourn her passing are her devoted husband, daughter, Miss Helen Arbogast, teacher in the Meridian school; Miss Katherine Kiniaid and Miss Maggie Kincaid, twin sister and sister respectively; Clifford Kincaid, Katherine Kincaid, nephew and niece, Berkeley, and Evelyn Veon, niece of ‘Bakersfield. Funeral services were held at 3:30 this afternoon in Holmes Funeral Home chapel with Rev, H. H. Buckner officiating: Interment was made in Odd Fellows cemetery. Members of Laurel Parlor and ithe Rebekahs and many sorrowing friends attended the services. TO PUMP SHAFT OF FORTUNA DRY It was learned this morning that the Fortuna shaft, sometimes known as the Live: Yankee is ito be unwatered. The current was turned on this morning by the Pacific Gas and Electrie for the pumping. It is understood that when the water is out a geological examination will be made. J. M. Hoff is in charge of ‘the work. VETERANS OF FOREIGN WARS TO HOLD RALLY The third district rally of the 13th district of the Veterans of Foreign Wars will be held in Nevada City on Sunday, March 12. The program for the day will, be as follows: * 9:30—Ceremohilal Degree conferred by degree team of Luneta Post of Stockton. 11:00—Closed \business meeting of the district. 12:00—4Noon basket lunch. Coffee served {by Banner Mountain Post of Nevada City. 2:00—Introduction of distinguished guests. As tthere is some important Diusiness to be conducted it is important that all post officers who can possibly attend be present. Banner Mountain Post will give a dance next Saturday night, March 4. Old style and modern dances will be enjoyed. The dance is under the direction of Julio Penella. It will be held in Armory Hall. The post: will hold dances twice a week, Wednesdays and Saturdays for a time in order to raise benefit funds to assist some ‘local veterans and also money spent this way will benefit the local business ‘houses. CHIMNEY FIRE The Nevada City fire department was called ‘this forenoon to extinguish 1a chimney fire at the Court Cafe where the flue caughit fire and made one of the hottest blazes seer in some time. Chief of Police Garfield Robson stated no damage ‘wias done even the beans cooking on the stove were not spoiled. Mrs. C. E. Bosworth spent.the past week end in Berkeley and the bay region, She enjoyed ia family reunion at her mother’s ‘home celebrating Mrs Bosworth’s birthday. While in the bay cities'she also attended to business affairs. ever makes a clean breast of it, the political explosion will far exceed the blast set off by these two criminal monsters in 1916, a blast that strewed lower Market street If Billings: with ten dead ‘and forty maimed. CHAMBER RR NOMINATIONS FOR YEAR ARE READY The Nevada City (Chamber of Commerce committee, appointed last week to nominate officers for the coming year, which begins in April, will offer the names of Emmett Gallagher and Harry F. Sofge, to be president and secretary, respectively. ROTARY TO HEAR ASSEMBLYMAN Assemblymian Allen G. (Scoop) Thurman of ‘this district, who is also the editor of the Colfax Record, will be the speaker at next Thursday’s luncheon meeting of the Nevada*City Rotary (club in the (National Hotel. Assemblymian Thurman will tell the club “how the llegislature looks to a beginner.’’ Dick Worth is chainman of the day’s program. L. G. LAGESON HAS LARGE COLLECTION OF GRASSES County Agricultural Agent L. G. Lageson has a display of 50 wild grasses and plants .on his. office walls. With the assistance of Miss Ernestine Eilerman he has the complete plants mounted under cellophane in order to keap the specimens in fine shape. Mr. -Lageson has 67 varieties of plants in his collection and will continue to add to the collection. School children are to be taken to the court house to view the wild plant (display. For the most part the group of plants are weeds of an injurious nature. PTA. OBSERVES FONNDERS DAY The Nevada City Elementary School P. T. A. met last Friday afternoon ito honor the past presidents, and charter members of the local organization, and to observe Pounders Day. After the session, James Sowder, Cub Scout Master gave a brief talk on the cub scout work and presented the P. T. A. with the Cub Secoult charter as 'the local organiziation is snonsoring this group. He introduced Bert Foreman who spoke for more scout dens and parents to take'an interest in the Cub Scout work, County Probation Officer A. W. McGagin spoke on -juvenile delinquency. Mrs. Isobel Helfelfinger, county ‘health nurse, and Mrs. Leland Smith were appointed by the P. T. A. to irepresent them at ithe SéFvice Council that has been ifffiormed here to study juvenile conditions, A nominating committee was named to nominate officers for the P. T. A. for next year. Mrs, Ellza Kilroy read ian article prepared by ‘Mrs. R. B. Champie, historian of the association, telling of the founding of the Parent Teacher assocition and organizing the local uniit. Past presidents honored at Friday’s meeting were, Mrs. ‘Will C. Perry, (Mrs. A. A. Price, Mrs. E. Moomey,Mrs. Leland Smith, Mirs. Ed Bonner, .The past officers took part in a candle lighting service. Dainty refreshments were served on tables decorated with beautiful spring flowers. The committee on refreshments were, Mrs Herboth, Mrs. Barnard, Mrs. J. P. Keene and Mrs. Cc. Gwin. TRIPLETS SURPRISE PAIR, 3 YEARS WED Dan Treanor, who resides on the lower Grass Vaillley road near the Nevada City high cchool is in receipt of a message from his brother, Charles Treanor of. Turlock, telling him of the arrival of triplet daughters born to the laitter’s daughter and husband, Mr. anid Mrs. A. M. Funk on February 21. The tiny children are the first for Mr. and Mrs, Funk who have been married three years. Mrs. Funk has a sister and brother who are twins, but the arrival of triplets ‘took them so by surprise, they have not even thought of naming them as yet. The new arrivals are in an incubator and it takes three nurses to care for them. WOMAN’S CIVIC CLUB. MEETS THIS EVENING The Wioman’s Civic ‘Club will hold a regular meetin'g. this evening. Mrs. Isobel Hefelfinger, county health nurse will speak on School Health. This subject should jhe of deep in-, terest and a good attenidance of mem-. -room (bers 1s expected, 3 CLAMPERS HONOR EMPEROR NORTON Robert Hendricks and Frank Finnegan accompanied by their wives on Saturday afiternoon visited the Golden Gate Imniterniational Exposition on Treasure Island. The two men, who are members of E Clamplus Vitus, participated in the celebrattion of thiat order. A plaque honoring the late Norton I, Emperor of the United States and Protector of Mexico, ‘Was suitably dedicated, followed by ia tour of the fair and an initiation ceremony ‘and dinner Saturday evening. LUCKY FELLER DRIVES COW HOME TURNS UP GOLD George D. Nordenholt, director of state department of natural resources, on Saturday approved registration of two Nevaida county sites as historical landmarks. The sites are the discovery of first quartz gold in California at Gold Hill and the Empire Mine, both at Grass Valley and property of the Empire-Star Mines Company. In October 1852 while George McKnight was catching a cow that had gotten loose from her ‘tether in the pasture, he struck his foot against an outiirop of rock breaking off a piece which was freely streaked with gold. The find caused great excitement. From this spot $1,500,000 in gold was mined. About 200 feet distant $4,000,000 was taken out. This is also the site of the first quartz mill. The Empire mine, oldest quartz mine in the United States, has been in continuous operation since 1850. It contains more than 190 miles of underground tunnels and it now produces 100,000 ounces of gold annually. ELKS BOWLING TEAM IN FRONT The Nevaida City anid Grass Valley Elks bowling teams met on ‘the local alleys yesterday afternoon in the second round of the inter-city bowling tournament and the local team won by a score of three to one. This gives Nevada City six points, counting the three won in a game with Chico, while Grass Valley has two points. Those playing in yesterdays games were Nevada City — John Fortier, John Sbaffi, Arthur Hoge, Dave. Richards anid Siegfried. Myers Mobley was an alternate. The Grass Valley lineup was) Henwood, Sparnon, Kelley, Tamietiti and Rowe. ‘Carroll Coughlan of the Alpha Store staff spent the past week end in Reno, visiting relatives and friends. : Miss Therese O’Connor, teacher in the French Corral school, returned to her home Satturday after a visit with her sister, Miss Lucy O'Connor in Sacramenito. Miss Therese O’Connor remained over in Nevada City Friday night to attend a past president’s meeting of Native Daughters in Grass Valley with Mrs. Culver, algo of French Corral. They accomipanied Mr. Sitton and William Baker to French Corral Saturday. Gilbert Davis, jprincipal of the Angels Camp high school, spent the past week end in Nevada Cilty and Blue. Tent with family members. TREES REMOVED City Superintendent Herbert Hiallet, with a crew, is removing trees in front of the Hallett and Orzalti properties on upper’ Broad street. Miss Helen Provine, who is attending St. Mary’s business colleges in Grass Valley, is working part time in the Lace House in the employ of Mrs. Ruby Miller. She is the niece of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Sauvee and is. . also a graduate of the local high school. — CAMPTONVILLE, Feb. 27.—WMrs, Constance Pfiffer entertained a number of ther friends Thursday afternoon at her home on Jackson street with a card party, Washington’s birthday being the occasion ‘and the}: and. table were decorated acTrial Of Blackwood Couple, Accused Of — Murder, Is Begun The trial of Irl Blaickwood and his wife, Irene, accused of murdering Arthur LaValley and James Roots on New Years Day in a camp ground on the outskirts of Grass Valley, opened this morning in the superior court with Judge George L. Jones presiding. The day was consumed in the examination of jurymen. District Attorney Vernon Stoll conducted the examination for the people and Attomey William Cassettari for the defendants. Five of the venire were excused ibecause of prejudice against the death penalty in event of conviction. The five were Mrs. Roy G. Deeter, Mrs. Maude Smart, Roy Stanley, William Palladay and William Sanders. As the Nugget goes to press, the prosecution has exercised 17 peremiptory challenges, with 13 renvaining to be used, anid ‘the defense ‘has exer— cised 20 with 10 remaining. dn the jury box at 4 o’clock were the following: W. E. Jolson, Geo. H. Beyer, H. J. Crase, F. L. O’Hate, — Richard Hoskin, Hanry J. Speare, H. S. Matheson, George L. Chaney, Winnifred A. Nankervis, F. L, Seaman and W. S. Coughlan. FARMS ASSESSED FOR MORE THAN LAND IS WORTH By RALPH H. TAYLOR Rural tax delinquency, a distressing and ertical problem throughout the nation during the depths of the depression, s still a pressing pro> lem in most farming areas, according to @ survey recently’ completed by the United States Bureau of Agricultural Economics, even though the percentage of delinquents has decreased as farm income ‘has improved. : (Perhaps the most significant general conclusion drawn by Donald Jackson, senior agricultural economist for the bureau, in ‘his report entitled “The Trend and Present Status of Rural Tax Delinquency,’’ is that'low value lands have often been badly over-assessed and have been a major factor in contributing to permanent or long term delinquencies. Mr. Jackson reports in this regard Yas follows: “When one class of real estate becomes widely delinquent in a juris-; 9 diction, it is prima facie evidence that that class of property is overassessed, and this thas been the case . with a large part of the rural delinquency of the past few years. In great part, it is the low-valued lands which have become delinquent. In fact this has been so prevalent an occurrence for years that most of us. have come to accept it as the natural order of things.One study after another has shown sassessments on the acreage properties to ‘be regressive both on area and on value per acre. That tax delinquency on the lowervalue lands is to such a wide extent long-term or permanent substantiates the view that these lands have received essentially harsher treatment than that given the higher-valued properties.”’ ” Pointing the inevitable result off . over-assessments, or tax levies which exceed the capacity of the land to jay, the federal economist asserts: “Long term delinquency on lands of low or nominal value undoubtedly is large where owners have come to realize the futility of paying taxes on assessments far beyond any real hope of realization. In such ‘position, the owner. has no alternative; and the taxing jurisdiction has ‘no alternative except the one it thas peristently declined to use—adjusting assessments to real values!’ Tracing the relation between the catastrophic drop in farm income, which occurred during’ distress years of the depression, and the sharp increase in rural delinquencies, Mr. Jackson states that in 1928 less than 12°per cent of the area in rural counties (in the nation) was tax delinquent. But by 1932, more than 28 per cent of the same area was delinquent! : Farm real estate values against which the taxes were levied dropped 36 per cent, on the average, for the country from 1930 to 1933, according to the federal survey. Gross income dropped 55 per cent. was 22 per cent. The basic and vital effect of private income chamges on the tax de-. linquency problem is again evidencred by the fact that by 1934 one-half And the corresponding tax drop WATER HEARING FOR RIDGE MINES A hearing upon son ee application of . Ridge Mines, Inc., San Francisco to appropriate 15 cubic feet per sec-_ ond from Spring Creek and two branches in Nevada County for mining and domestic punposes about four miles east of North San Juan, California, ‘has been called ‘by Director of Public Works Frank W. Clark for ~ Tuesday F,ebruary 2'8, at 10 o'clocka.m. in Room 401 Public Works Bldg., Sacramento. The hearing ns upon protests by Columbia Hill Gold Mining Co., W. S., T. C. and C. W. Bigelow and P.’ I. Dudley and Jerome C. Coughlan — of North Columbia and Nevada ,Irrigation District of Grass Valley who claim prior rights to the use of the waters. All interested parties will be afforded an opportuniity to be heard. The hearing will be conducted by~ Harold Conkling, Deputy State Hngineer. MULE TAILS PROSPER Captain A. H. Willard, fish and game commission, has been keeping — close watch over the big mule tail — deer at Mystic. The big creatures winter along the Truckee river at Mystic on the state line each year. Salt is being put out to keep the deer off the railroad tracks amd there is plenty of feed. The animals are in fine condition. Miss Mayis Conley’ who has been at Palo Alto for some itimée, is speniding a two weeks vacation with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Ed ee at Town Talk. been redeemed. This improvement, however, was due, in part, to the, fact that farmer financing by “g0v— ernmental agencies assisted d and indirectly in paying both curré and delinquent taxes, A Short term dilinquency, due to t ability of the ifarmer or rural taxayer to pay his taxes on time, also. comes in for discussion by the nomics expert; who reports that penalties, interest charges and have the effect, in some instar of boosting actual annual tax. lections to a greaiter amount than taxes: levied. i California is particularly out in this regard ,the copy) ing: “The records of some agricul! counties in California show tions of better than 100 per levies in nearly every year — 1918, and in no year show amy ‘deficiency. To some farmers of counties, the ‘inability to me tax bills on time has been a : experience.”’ ; As a matter of fact, tax deli cy has been both a_ costly heartbreaking experience for thousands of California farm: at the root of the problem: is that . taxes have in many insi ceeded capacity to pay. Ca legislators and istate leaders. ally have need to consider delinquency. problem. when sider the state budget and 1 proposals for new a of the delinquency of the period . ‘e from 1928 to 1932 had aoe cordingly.

Thinking Out Loud By H. M. L. The President apparently has his “Dutch up.” To radio his friends in Congress that he intends to renew the battle for that 150 million lopped off the WPA appropriation bill, indlicaltes that the chief executive finds time ‘to remember his “wrongs,’’ despite mimic naval warfare and deep sea fishing. In the miidst of these pleasures his joy is moderated by the rebuff Congress gave him. In the old days a flaxseed poultfice ceased ‘drawing’? when it was lifted from whatever sore spot on the anatomy it had occupied. But “ in this age of instant communication the mere fact that the President is ramoved ia thousand or two miles from the United States Treastury, does not prevent him from continuing efforts to “‘draw’’ more money for spending. The poultice ts on a vacation but its potency persists. The cleavage ‘between the President and the majority in Congress, while it means, so ffar as can now ibe discerned, a minimum of tinkering with old reforms and no new ) ones, has greatly heartened business, ‘in much the same ratio ais) it has irritated the President. We are not ‘optimistic about an upsurge of prosperity, so Jong as Mr. ‘Roosevelt is in the White House. But ‘we do believe that the present Congress has little hope that we ean spend our way into prosiperiity. The best indication of improving times is the readiness of invesitors to put money in long term investments. As yet there is little indication of that. (y" One of the events which seems to point ithe 'way to greater confidence on the part of investors in long time securities is the reeent victory of the \Commonweath & Southern Corp., in finally wresting a fair price from the TVA for its Tennessee light and, power properties. If ‘this victory were reinforced by some declaration of a limitation upon the area which the TVA seeks to monopolize, it might eventually lead to an outpouring of that billion dollars in much needed mew capital throughout the country in light and power enterprises. The little New Dealer at Sacramento was elected on a platform of economy. The Republican administration had squandered a great ideal of money, much of it, to hear Candidate Olson ‘tell it, for keeping a Republican machine * Now Governor Olson, in power. come 'to power, does exactly the same ‘thing. The Governor has figured out a budget ‘that calls for spending nearly 80 millions more for the 39-41 biennium than Merriam spent. But this budget of course is for virtuous spending. However, to the tax payers, wearied of electing.officials from the President down, on an economy platform, later to see them repudiate their promises, the wicked governor ithat saves them itaxes will wear the halo, and the ‘good but prodigal governor, the thorns. Incidentally we have not a doubt, in the world that many of ‘the millions Gevernor Olson asks of the tax payers are iprecisely ito.do the thing of which the accused Merriam. He will build, if he can a f little New Deal machine and lubricate iit with just as much ‘tax money as he can wring out of the legislature. We-note that the Pardon Board has turned down Billings’ plea to recommend a pardon by a vote of 3 to 2. We are particularly pleased that Attorney General Warren gave as a reason for his vote against the proposal, ia’ statement that he had studied ithe record of Billings’ conviction, and founid mothinig in it to warrant a Pardon. This refusal of a pardon recom{ mendation, ‘has no affect on the i Governor’s power to pardon, but it will be a part of the record when the State Supreme Court considers a pardon application at the request of Billings’ attorneys. Despite the recent declaration of Mooney’s attorney, that because the trial court forgot to mention Billings’ prior . eonviction in ithe record, the Governor will'have sole power to pardon Billings, wie are very skeptical indeed. The fact the trial »sjudge sentenced Billinigs to Folsom where the two-timers go, is surely part of the record. f We are firmly convinced that, the Ei anxiety of Mooney to get a pardion for his old pal originates in the master dynamiter’s fear that ‘new if kept too long immured, Billings will squeal. evada Cit COVERS RICHEST GOLD AREA IN CALIFORNIA Fo te ee — ceaainenaitenieie Pe eam 13, No. 17. __The County Seat sae Se _NEVADA CITY, CALIF ORNIA le scat Center in the right to publish the Truth, with good motives and for just_— ends. —Alexander Hamiln. > ; ‘MONDAY, FEBRUARY 27,1 ‘March 15, 1848: _ ‘The Liberty of the Press consists 8 SUPERVISOR'S BY GRIM REAPER Mrs. Cary S, Arbogast, 64, native of Nevada City and wife of Supervisor C. S. Arbogast, passed away Friday, after being suddenly stricken last Tuesday shortly after celebrating the thirtieth wedding anniversary of herself and husband. She has been ill for many years ‘byt only in the last two years lhad hope for eventual recovery been abandoned. Her swet, cheery, Christian fortitude in the years of her illness won her ‘friends wherever she was known. Mrs. Arbogast was a popular and longtime member of the Nevada City lodge of Rebekahs and Laurel Parlor, N. D. G. W. She giraduated from the local school and spent her entire life in this community. She was married to Cary S. Arbogast in 1908 going as a bride from the Kincaid lhome on Park avenue in which she was ‘born, to live on the ranch at Blue Tent for a few years. Upon iIMr. and Mrs. Arobogiaist’s return ‘to town they purchased their present home on Park avenue. Left to mourn her passing are her devoted husband, daughter, Miss Helen Arbogast, teacher in the Meridian school; Miss Katherine Kiniaid and Miss Maggie Kincaid, twin sister and sister respectively; Clifford Kincaid, Katherine Kincaid, nephew and niece, Berkeley, and Evelyn Veon, niece of ‘Bakersfield. Funeral services were held at 3:30 this afternoon in Holmes Funeral Home chapel with Rev, H. H. Buckner officiating: Interment was made in Odd Fellows cemetery. Members of Laurel Parlor and ithe Rebekahs and many sorrowing friends attended the services. TO PUMP SHAFT OF FORTUNA DRY It was learned this morning that the Fortuna shaft, sometimes known as the Live: Yankee is ito be unwatered. The current was turned on this morning by the Pacific Gas and Electrie for the pumping. It is understood that when the water is out a geological examination will be made. J. M. Hoff is in charge of ‘the work. VETERANS OF FOREIGN WARS TO HOLD RALLY The third district rally of the 13th district of the Veterans of Foreign Wars will be held in Nevada City on Sunday, March 12. The program for the day will, be as follows: * 9:30—Ceremohilal Degree conferred by degree team of Luneta Post of Stockton. 11:00—Closed \business meeting of the district. 12:00—4Noon basket lunch. Coffee served {by Banner Mountain Post of Nevada City. 2:00—Introduction of distinguished guests. As tthere is some important Diusiness to be conducted it is important that all post officers who can possibly attend be present. Banner Mountain Post will give a dance next Saturday night, March 4. Old style and modern dances will be enjoyed. The dance is under the direction of Julio Penella. It will be held in Armory Hall. The post: will hold dances twice a week, Wednesdays and Saturdays for a time in order to raise benefit funds to assist some ‘local veterans and also money spent this way will benefit the local business ‘houses. CHIMNEY FIRE The Nevada City fire department was called ‘this forenoon to extinguish 1a chimney fire at the Court Cafe where the flue caughit fire and made one of the hottest blazes seer in some time. Chief of Police Garfield Robson stated no damage ‘wias done even the beans cooking on the stove were not spoiled. Mrs. C. E. Bosworth spent.the past week end in Berkeley and the bay region, She enjoyed ia family reunion at her mother’s ‘home celebrating Mrs Bosworth’s birthday. While in the bay cities'she also attended to business affairs. ever makes a clean breast of it, the political explosion will far exceed the blast set off by these two criminal monsters in 1916, a blast that strewed lower Market street If Billings: with ten dead ‘and forty maimed. CHAMBER RR NOMINATIONS FOR YEAR ARE READY The Nevada City (Chamber of Commerce committee, appointed last week to nominate officers for the coming year, which begins in April, will offer the names of Emmett Gallagher and Harry F. Sofge, to be president and secretary, respectively. ROTARY TO HEAR ASSEMBLYMAN Assemblymian Allen G. (Scoop) Thurman of ‘this district, who is also the editor of the Colfax Record, will be the speaker at next Thursday’s luncheon meeting of the Nevada*City Rotary (club in the (National Hotel. Assemblymian Thurman will tell the club “how the llegislature looks to a beginner.’’ Dick Worth is chainman of the day’s program. L. G. LAGESON HAS LARGE COLLECTION OF GRASSES County Agricultural Agent L. G. Lageson has a display of 50 wild grasses and plants .on his. office walls. With the assistance of Miss Ernestine Eilerman he has the complete plants mounted under cellophane in order to keap the specimens in fine shape. Mr. -Lageson has 67 varieties of plants in his collection and will continue to add to the collection. School children are to be taken to the court house to view the wild plant (display. For the most part the group of plants are weeds of an injurious nature. PTA. OBSERVES FONNDERS DAY The Nevada City Elementary School P. T. A. met last Friday afternoon ito honor the past presidents, and charter members of the local organization, and to observe Pounders Day. After the session, James Sowder, Cub Scout Master gave a brief talk on the cub scout work and presented the P. T. A. with the Cub Secoult charter as 'the local organiziation is snonsoring this group. He introduced Bert Foreman who spoke for more scout dens and parents to take'an interest in the Cub Scout work, County Probation Officer A. W. McGagin spoke on -juvenile delinquency. Mrs. Isobel Helfelfinger, county ‘health nurse, and Mrs. Leland Smith were appointed by the P. T. A. to irepresent them at ithe SéFvice Council that has been ifffiormed here to study juvenile conditions, A nominating committee was named to nominate officers for the P. T. A. for next year. Mrs, Ellza Kilroy read ian article prepared by ‘Mrs. R. B. Champie, historian of the association, telling of the founding of the Parent Teacher assocition and organizing the local uniit. Past presidents honored at Friday’s meeting were, Mrs. ‘Will C. Perry, (Mrs. A. A. Price, Mrs. E. Moomey,Mrs. Leland Smith, Mirs. Ed Bonner, .The past officers took part in a candle lighting service. Dainty refreshments were served on tables decorated with beautiful spring flowers. The committee on refreshments were, Mrs Herboth, Mrs. Barnard, Mrs. J. P. Keene and Mrs. Cc. Gwin. TRIPLETS SURPRISE PAIR, 3 YEARS WED Dan Treanor, who resides on the lower Grass Vaillley road near the Nevada City high cchool is in receipt of a message from his brother, Charles Treanor of. Turlock, telling

him of the arrival of triplet daughters born to the laitter’s daughter and husband, Mr. anid Mrs. A. M. Funk on February 21. The tiny children are the first for Mr. and Mrs, Funk who have been married three years. Mrs. Funk has a sister and brother who are twins, but the arrival of triplets ‘took them so by surprise, they have not even thought of naming them as yet. The new arrivals are in an incubator and it takes three nurses to care for them. WOMAN’S CIVIC CLUB. MEETS THIS EVENING The Wioman’s Civic ‘Club will hold a regular meetin'g. this evening. Mrs. Isobel Hefelfinger, county health nurse will speak on School Health. This subject should jhe of deep in-, terest and a good attenidance of mem-. -room (bers 1s expected, 3 CLAMPERS HONOR EMPEROR NORTON Robert Hendricks and Frank Finnegan accompanied by their wives on Saturday afiternoon visited the Golden Gate Imniterniational Exposition on Treasure Island. The two men, who are members of E Clamplus Vitus, participated in the celebrattion of thiat order. A plaque honoring the late Norton I, Emperor of the United States and Protector of Mexico, ‘Was suitably dedicated, followed by ia tour of the fair and an initiation ceremony ‘and dinner Saturday evening. LUCKY FELLER DRIVES COW HOME TURNS UP GOLD George D. Nordenholt, director of state department of natural resources, on Saturday approved registration of two Nevaida county sites as historical landmarks. The sites are the discovery of first quartz gold in California at Gold Hill and the Empire Mine, both at Grass Valley and property of the Empire-Star Mines Company. In October 1852 while George McKnight was catching a cow that had gotten loose from her ‘tether in the pasture, he struck his foot against an outiirop of rock breaking off a piece which was freely streaked with gold. The find caused great excitement. From this spot $1,500,000 in gold was mined. About 200 feet distant $4,000,000 was taken out. This is also the site of the first quartz mill. The Empire mine, oldest quartz mine in the United States, has been in continuous operation since 1850. It contains more than 190 miles of underground tunnels and it now produces 100,000 ounces of gold annually. ELKS BOWLING TEAM IN FRONT The Nevaida City anid Grass Valley Elks bowling teams met on ‘the local alleys yesterday afternoon in the second round of the inter-city bowling tournament and the local team won by a score of three to one. This gives Nevada City six points, counting the three won in a game with Chico, while Grass Valley has two points. Those playing in yesterdays games were Nevada City — John Fortier, John Sbaffi, Arthur Hoge, Dave. Richards anid Siegfried. Myers Mobley was an alternate. The Grass Valley lineup was) Henwood, Sparnon, Kelley, Tamietiti and Rowe. ‘Carroll Coughlan of the Alpha Store staff spent the past week end in Reno, visiting relatives and friends. : Miss Therese O’Connor, teacher in the French Corral school, returned to her home Satturday after a visit with her sister, Miss Lucy O'Connor in Sacramenito. Miss Therese O’Connor remained over in Nevada City Friday night to attend a past president’s meeting of Native Daughters in Grass Valley with Mrs. Culver, algo of French Corral. They accomipanied Mr. Sitton and William Baker to French Corral Saturday. Gilbert Davis, jprincipal of the Angels Camp high school, spent the past week end in Nevada Cilty and Blue. Tent with family members. TREES REMOVED City Superintendent Herbert Hiallet, with a crew, is removing trees in front of the Hallett and Orzalti properties on upper’ Broad street. Miss Helen Provine, who is attending St. Mary’s business colleges in Grass Valley, is working part time in the Lace House in the employ of Mrs. Ruby Miller. She is the niece of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Sauvee and is. . also a graduate of the local high school. — CAMPTONVILLE, Feb. 27.—WMrs, Constance Pfiffer entertained a number of ther friends Thursday afternoon at her home on Jackson street with a card party, Washington’s birthday being the occasion ‘and the}: and. table were decorated acTrial Of Blackwood Couple, Accused Of — Murder, Is Begun The trial of Irl Blaickwood and his wife, Irene, accused of murdering Arthur LaValley and James Roots on New Years Day in a camp ground on the outskirts of Grass Valley, opened this morning in the superior court with Judge George L. Jones presiding. The day was consumed in the examination of jurymen. District Attorney Vernon Stoll conducted the examination for the people and Attomey William Cassettari for the defendants. Five of the venire were excused ibecause of prejudice against the death penalty in event of conviction. The five were Mrs. Roy G. Deeter, Mrs. Maude Smart, Roy Stanley, William Palladay and William Sanders. As the Nugget goes to press, the prosecution has exercised 17 peremiptory challenges, with 13 renvaining to be used, anid ‘the defense ‘has exer— cised 20 with 10 remaining. dn the jury box at 4 o’clock were the following: W. E. Jolson, Geo. H. Beyer, H. J. Crase, F. L. O’Hate, — Richard Hoskin, Hanry J. Speare, H. S. Matheson, George L. Chaney, Winnifred A. Nankervis, F. L, Seaman and W. S. Coughlan. FARMS ASSESSED FOR MORE THAN LAND IS WORTH By RALPH H. TAYLOR Rural tax delinquency, a distressing and ertical problem throughout the nation during the depths of the depression, s still a pressing pro> lem in most farming areas, according to @ survey recently’ completed by the United States Bureau of Agricultural Economics, even though the percentage of delinquents has decreased as farm income ‘has improved. : (Perhaps the most significant general conclusion drawn by Donald Jackson, senior agricultural economist for the bureau, in ‘his report entitled “The Trend and Present Status of Rural Tax Delinquency,’’ is that'low value lands have often been badly over-assessed and have been a major factor in contributing to permanent or long term delinquencies. Mr. Jackson reports in this regard Yas follows: “When one class of real estate becomes widely delinquent in a juris-; 9 diction, it is prima facie evidence that that class of property is overassessed, and this thas been the case . with a large part of the rural delinquency of the past few years. In great part, it is the low-valued lands which have become delinquent. In fact this has been so prevalent an occurrence for years that most of us. have come to accept it as the natural order of things.One study after another has shown sassessments on the acreage properties to ‘be regressive both on area and on value per acre. That tax delinquency on the lowervalue lands is to such a wide extent long-term or permanent substantiates the view that these lands have received essentially harsher treatment than that given the higher-valued properties.”’ ” Pointing the inevitable result off . over-assessments, or tax levies which exceed the capacity of the land to jay, the federal economist asserts: “Long term delinquency on lands of low or nominal value undoubtedly is large where owners have come to realize the futility of paying taxes on assessments far beyond any real hope of realization. In such ‘position, the owner. has no alternative; and the taxing jurisdiction has ‘no alternative except the one it thas peristently declined to use—adjusting assessments to real values!’ Tracing the relation between the catastrophic drop in farm income, which occurred during’ distress years of the depression, and the sharp increase in rural delinquencies, Mr. Jackson states that in 1928 less than 12°per cent of the area in rural counties (in the nation) was tax delinquent. But by 1932, more than 28 per cent of the same area was delinquent! : Farm real estate values against which the taxes were levied dropped 36 per cent, on the average, for the country from 1930 to 1933, according to the federal survey. Gross income dropped 55 per cent. was 22 per cent. The basic and vital effect of private income chamges on the tax de-. linquency problem is again evidencred by the fact that by 1934 one-half And the corresponding tax drop WATER HEARING FOR RIDGE MINES A hearing upon son ee application of . Ridge Mines, Inc., San Francisco to appropriate 15 cubic feet per sec-_ ond from Spring Creek and two branches in Nevada County for mining and domestic punposes about four miles east of North San Juan, California, ‘has been called ‘by Director of Public Works Frank W. Clark for ~ Tuesday F,ebruary 2'8, at 10 o'clocka.m. in Room 401 Public Works Bldg., Sacramento. The hearing ns upon protests by Columbia Hill Gold Mining Co., W. S., T. C. and C. W. Bigelow and P.’ I. Dudley and Jerome C. Coughlan — of North Columbia and Nevada ,Irrigation District of Grass Valley who claim prior rights to the use of the waters. All interested parties will be afforded an opportuniity to be heard. The hearing will be conducted by~ Harold Conkling, Deputy State Hngineer. MULE TAILS PROSPER Captain A. H. Willard, fish and game commission, has been keeping — close watch over the big mule tail — deer at Mystic. The big creatures winter along the Truckee river at Mystic on the state line each year. Salt is being put out to keep the deer off the railroad tracks amd there is plenty of feed. The animals are in fine condition. Miss Mayis Conley’ who has been at Palo Alto for some itimée, is speniding a two weeks vacation with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Ed ee at Town Talk. been redeemed. This improvement, however, was due, in part, to the, fact that farmer financing by “g0v— ernmental agencies assisted d and indirectly in paying both curré and delinquent taxes, A Short term dilinquency, due to t ability of the ifarmer or rural taxayer to pay his taxes on time, also. comes in for discussion by the nomics expert; who reports that penalties, interest charges and have the effect, in some instar of boosting actual annual tax. lections to a greaiter amount than taxes: levied. i California is particularly out in this regard ,the copy) ing: “The records of some agricul! counties in California show tions of better than 100 per levies in nearly every year — 1918, and in no year show amy ‘deficiency. To some farmers of counties, the ‘inability to me tax bills on time has been a : experience.”’ ; As a matter of fact, tax deli cy has been both a_ costly heartbreaking experience for thousands of California farm: at the root of the problem: is that . taxes have in many insi ceeded capacity to pay. Ca legislators and istate leaders. ally have need to consider delinquency. problem. when sider the state budget and 1 proposals for new a of the delinquency of the period . ‘e from 1928 to 1932 had aoe cordingly.