June 14, 1938 (4 pages)

f Td Sansa SAT val Thinking Out Loud H. M. L. By a Commencement has come and gone again. Why it is called ‘itcommencement” it is hard to conceive. The only commencement a living thing has is ‘birth. Commencement probably originated with the thought that when a lad left school he ‘‘commenced”’ to support himself in a livelihood «of some sort. When a whole class leaves at once, they commence whatever it is they are going to do, and ‘the step from school to earning a living was, in the old days, designated a commencement, and the name sticks. Graduation of course is a better and more accurate word to describe the thing. Really no ,one ever ceases going to school. Life itself is a school ofcontinnous' session and the schoolmaster is -very much of a disciplinarian. In life, as in schools of format learning, some master their lessons much quicker than others, and earn the reward which the world offers to those who excel in any activity. Just as cream rises in milk so those in tthe social media who are endowed, with courage, jpertinacity and intelligence. This is true in all free social groups, local or national. But when those endowed with superior talents or training use them selfishly ito. oppress their less gifted fellows inevitably they destroy the freedom that permitted their own rise above the average social level. Brute force of the: masses then destroys the intelligent few. ‘Russia is perhaps the most striking example of a social upheaval in which the most intelligent, and frequently the most corrupt, members of the social ‘body, ‘were ruthlessly exterminated ‘by ignorant and downtrodden millions, who,after centuries of virtual slavery and all manner of abuse, turned on their oppressors and without discrimination slaughtered all those, even suspected of being intelligent, because they had learned that smart men usually were wealthy men, and that wealthy men were usually wicked. We often hear light minded references to tthe ‘‘underdog.’’ As a matter of fact the underdog is almost invariably the largest and the fiercest dog. In any civilization he remains ‘‘under’’ only so long as he is comfortably situated with respect to material things. Deprive him too long of anything that may be termed, for lack of a Chinese artists, and danicers on tihe West Coast, and that this troupe which is coming to celebration several convergent lines, all to make this year’s Mexican Fiesta, servance of Nevada City’s 90th» birthday, a memorable event. of E Clampus Vitus has been called Nevada City Nugget COVERS RICHEST GOLD AREA IN CALIFORNIA » if in the right to publish the Truth, ton ——— From “the Californian, March 15, 1848: The Liberty of the Press consists with good motives and for justiable ends. — RISER GE Hamil4 — eeetiiemme’ Vel V2, No: 47." The County Seat Paper NEVADA CITY, CALIF ORNIA _The “Gold Center MONDAY, JUNE 13, 1938. 50 Chinese To Put on The date for the Bowl of Rice Ball for the suffering and destitute of China’s civil population has been changed from next Friday evening, June 17, to next Thursday, June 16. This event will take place then, next Thursday evening in the Grass Valley Veterans Memorial Hall, at 8 o’clock. The change in date according to Eddie Tin Loy, who has general charge of the ‘ball, is .dut to the fact that the fifty Chinese actors, actresses and other artists who are putting on a big Oriental vaudeville show, in ithe hour and a half preliminary to the dance, cannot be here on Friday night, when San Francisco is staging an enormous ball and series of events designed to aid the destitute in China. It will be of interest to note that the famous Chinese Six Companies which date from the 1860s, are backing the Rice Bowl ‘balls in California, and have been instrumental in securing for these charity affairs the services of practically all first rank musicians, actors ArtistsPageant at Rice Bowl Ball Thurs. Grass Walley comprises the top rank talent of the Chinese people in a ia country, These artists will stage a pageant of the different dynasties of China, the oldest civilization in the world. They will ‘be attired in the strange and beautiful court dresses that characterized the Mings, the Hans and the other splendid histoorical epochs of Chinese glory and eminence in a world that was then barbarous. In charge of this great troupe of artists is Miss Alice Wong of the San Francisco ‘public schools who teaches, not Chinese students, but American children in her ‘class room. Miss Wong, who has mastered the history and literature of both the Occident and the Orient,. will direct this group in their colorful and exetic pageant. Tickets may ‘be purchased at the Nevada City Nugget, at the Nevada City Bank of America, at the Morning Union office, of Carol Counghlan at the Alpha Hardware Stores, and at the Nevada County Lumber Company of Oscar Odegaard. Clampers To Inject Gay Note In Nevada City’s Fiesta Fourth three-day Fourth proceeding along Plans for the are in obThe William Bull Meek Chapter better phrase, an right, and she becomes with cruel fangs and tearing claws. He does not in his rage discriminate between those who actually. oppress, but, as in both the Frenca and Russian revolutions destroys all by Grand Noble Humbug Fred Nobs to meet this evening in the National Hotel at 8 o’clock. Announcemen. of its plans will be made immedaitely. It has been tentatively proposed that the Clampers shall take charge of the equivalent of the Helldorado which has made Auburn’s Gold Rush inherent human a top dog those who moved in the same general social sphere above him. Supporters of and apologists for the Roosevelt administration hold that it is to prevent such an upheava notable event. of July publicity committee, that arrangements are being completed for a big.Whoopee Caravan ‘Emmett Gallagher, of the Fourth reports otf Nevada City business’ men and Fiesta promoters to leave ‘here on Wednesday afternoon, June 22, to tour Marysville, Wheatland, Lincoln, Roseville and Auburn to excite interest ‘in the three-day Mexican Fiest, July 3, 4, and 5. All Fourth Celebrajtion committees are asked by the _ chairman, George Gildersleeve to meet tomorrow evening at the city hall to report progress and to complete plans. Nevada City with its gala dress is already attracting wide attention. The street streamers and flags and igreat wooden ‘Qigures of Mexican troubadours and senoritas envelope the city in a festive atmosphere. The bumper strips advertising the event are met with on all roads in this part of the state. al in the social and economic order in this country that most of the New Deal reforms have been placed in efifect. Undoubtedly thinking men and women concede that social security and unemployment insurance measures, when, in time, their faults of administration are cured, will prove a great iblessing and tend to soften the invieable clash ‘between those who inherit or earn mutch and those who inrehit or earn little. Those measures, however, including relief, farm and housing which derHELEN ARBOGAST TODAY City today received her bachelor of art degree at the eighty first commencement of the College of Pacific. Pacific is the oldest college California, having received its charter in 1851. major, is a member of the famed Pafific A Capella Choir. : GIVEN A. B. DEGREE Miss Helen Arbogast of Nevada in ‘Miss Arbogast ,a music ectly or indirectly subsidize certain groups, can only have an evil effect in the long run. “For in ‘their very nature, they tend to perpetuate themselves. The Wagner Labor act which works hardships and injustice, as now administered, upon all employers, militates against. al), employment, and must inevitably ‘be colt BIRTHDAYSII EE Send a Greeting to Your Friends. x” % rected before the curse of _ interunion warfare, and bitter clashes’ between employers and employes, can ibe halted. This period then is carrying many a lesson for all those who can learn lessons in ‘the school of. life. The New Deal is really a series of experiments in social justice. Most of the experiments are working ibadly, partly because of the ‘political (factor wikich plays s large a part in their administration, and partly to inherent faults But no one, who thinks at all will doubt, that the American nation ‘has for six years been experiencing a ‘‘commencementt” on a national scale. One can hardl imagine ‘anyone in this. great republic, who has not (been personally affectedin his living conditions by the New Deal. The effect in the great majority of cases is one of impoverish-' ment. The pendulum which so_ swiftly swung to the left with the advent of June 15, 1938 CATHERINE STEPHENS Boulder Street June 17, 1938 LEILA HIERONIMUS Sacramento Street MELVIN CLARK Nursery Street June 17, 1938 ROBERT POLGLASE Nevada City June 18, 1938 EVERETT DAVIS Broad Street MRS. J. J. JACKSON, JR. Boulder Street June 19, 1938 ANNA PETERSON Nevada City — Happy Birth day__— President Roosevelt, is slowly swinging to the right again, but it will never swing so far to the right, as it was for instance in the Harding regime. TRUCKEE MAN CHARGED WITH RECKLESSNESS John Bergeson of Truckeé’charged with reckless driving, who is in the county jail will have this hearing Wednesday morning, at 10 o’clock. The alleged offense took place at Truckee and two or three persons were injured it is statéd. Justice of the Peace W. Smith of Truckee will preside at the hearing in-~Nevada City. The alleged offense took place Sunday, June 5, 1938. Mr. and Mrs. Dave Richards of Boulder street had as guests Sunday Mrs. Richards brother, L. G. Roberts of Auburn and two nephews Elvin and Bill Roberts of Sacramento. Cherries are ripening in this section of Nevada county and the Loma Rica ranch northeast of Grass Valley has a fairly good crop. Prices are low this season it is believed due to the heavy crop last year, that is producing a large hold over this year. — Davey Family Holds Reunion and Picnic A reunion of the Davey family comprising about 60 memlbers enjoyed a delightffil picnic and visit on the Tahoe Ukiah highway at White Cloud. They were in a ‘beautiful grove of trees not far from the ‘Murchie miners picnic. Mrs. Maria Davey of Grass Valley great grandmother was able to be present to greet the happy throng. Several relatives came from San _ Francisco while the most of them were from WORK ON MINE ASSESSMENTS MUST BE DONE The following received from L. Englebright: : Nevada City Nugget, Nevada City. The chairman of the Mines committees “of the House advises me that the bill ‘for pension of assessment work on mining claims for this year will not be taken up for consideration, due to the statement made last year that no further bills of this type would be passed. It will therefore be necessary for assessment work to be performed on mining claims. (Signed) HARRY L. ENGLEBRIGHT, : M. C. telegram has been Congressman Harry susFREE SWIMMING LESSONS TO BE GIVEN Verle Gray, municipal pool manager, announces that he will begin to give free swimming lessons on June 20. He will have beginners, intermediate and advanced classes for boys and girls. The boys classes will begin at 9 o’clock in the morning and the girls at 10:15. Diplomas and buttons will be awarded by the Red Cross to those who complete their work in any of these classes. P.T.A. PRESENTS WALTER CARLSON WITH GIFT At their last session the Parent Teachers association of the Nevada City elementary school presented Walter Carlson, the principal, with a charming gift in appreciation of his many courtesies and sis co-operation with the association during his many years as head of the school. HIGHER FARM PRICES CHEER U. S. BUSINESS By JOHN CRADDOCK NEW YORK, June 113.—BUSINESS —-A better feeling -prevailed last week in business and agricultural circles. Farmers, especially in the west, were cheered by the fact that the price of wheat which two weeks ago dropped to 67% cents a bushel, wasback to the 75 cent level. With America’s wheat crop estimated at one billion bushels, this rise means $80,000,000 more for farmers. Cotton rose too, more than $2 a bale, on reports of heavy rains damaging the crop. Great Britain ordered 400 airplanes from U. S. firms, practically assuring capacity operations in this industry for at least two years. Auto manufacturers said that it may be necessary to close Detroit plants for two months this summer, as previously expected. Renewal of confidence is seen in the fact that railroads last month ordered 6,114 new freight cars, In April only three were ordered. NO BOUNDS FOR POWER—Leaders of the electric power industry met_tlast week in America’s timehonored convention towns, Atlantic City. Cool ocean breezes promoted the woncilliatory spirit, and a sincere desire to cooperate wilth ‘the government was expressed. Another boom seems to be on the way for according to one spokesman, a $13,000,000,000 investment in new plant facilities will be required in the next decade to meet growing demand for electricity. It was revealed that at the end of 1937 Americans were using 2,100,000 more electric refrigerators, 325,000 more electric ranges, 2,000,000 additional radios, 750,000 washing machines, 1,200,000 electric clocks, 1,350,000 flatirons, 600,000 vacumm cleaners and 250,000 more toasters than at the close of 1936. Under careful management elm trees in Nevada County ‘shave been sprayed for elm leaf beetle. Victor Widmer did the work this year. Nevada City has several fine old elm trees, Rev. H. H. Buckner of the Methodist church, and Mrs. Buckner, left this morning to Stockton where they will attend the yearly conference of Grass Valley and Nevada City. churches. They will be away all this WAR REFUGEES IN CHINA TOTAL NEW YORK, June 13.—Lastminute dispatches from relief agencies in China reveal that the number of civilian refugees has increased from 45,000,000 to 60,000,000 following air raid bombings in the past ten days, Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., national chairman of the United Council for Civilian Relief in China declared today. Most of these 60,000,000 innocent non-combatants are without food and shelter and are facing epidemics constituting the greatest health danger the world has known since the Black Death of the Middle Ages, Colonel Roosevelt said. He appealed to all Americans to attend the ‘Bowl of Rice’ parties to be held throughout the ation on June 17th to aid the victims of Japanese aggression. Colonel Roosevelt received mation in a cable fromDr. Wang, chairman of the Shanghai Medical Association, that a wide-! spread epidemic of typhoid and cho-. lera in the International Settlement . “seems inevitable.” : “The total of 163 cases of typhoia and 135 cases of. chorela with 56 . deaths, which has been officially re-. ported to Shanghai ‘health authorities in the past seven days, unquestionably is far short of the actual . number,’ Dr. Wang said in his dispatch to the national headquarters of the United Council for Civilian Relief in China. ‘Only a fractional part of the 60,000,000 civilian re-. fugees in China are encamped in the: Shangnai area. One must magnify this picture of disease 200 times over in order to visualize the situation in China as a whole.’’ Dr. Wang. pleaded for immediate medical supplies and sanitary equipment in order to prevent the epidemics from wiping out millions of the Chinese war victims, Colonel Roosevelt declared. Four tons of quinine shipped to China within the last 3 months were enough to treat only a small fraction of those in urgent need of medical attention, said Colonel Roosevelt. The national chairman of the United Council for Civilian Relief in China disclosed that 1,561 cities already shave completed arrangements for Bowl of Rice parties on June 17 and that the number cooperating in one of the greatest humanitarian drives of all time is expected to reach 2000 within a few days. All funds raised at the parties will be used to provide food, clothing, shelter and medicine for the destitute Chinese civilians, Colonel Roosevelt said. JAMES S. GRAHAM RITES HELD D ON SATURDAY Funeral services for the late James S Graham were held Saturday afternoon.Rev. H. H. Buckner conducted the religious service. Hymns sung ‘by Mrs. Lyda Talbot added much to the beauty of the service. Interment was in Pine Grove cemetery by the following old friends: George H. Calanan, Thomas N. Coan, William Diamond, Cary S. Arbogast, Arthur Davis and James F. Colley. infor4 ESN The CCC camp Grass Valley. winter camp will be vacated by the boys this week and they will start moving the latter part of the week. A crew has been at Camp White Cloud on the Tahoe Ukiah highway east of Nevada City for some time making« repairs caused by heavy snow of last winter. Some of the tent platforms had been crushed and _. buildings damaged. The boys are putting canvas_about the platforms now. There are about 150 California boys in the group comprising Company 999. CALLED BY BROTHERS’ DEATR ‘Mrs. Mary Faéagans left today for San Francisco having been called there by the death of her brother, in a war with three others all of whom were seriously injured. Mr. Skelton leaves a wife. The accident week, occurred last evening. That Future For The L English Language? 60 MILLIONS . years of hard work and genius that . have gone into the development of words and phrases from the Celtic . end its history. William Skelton. It is stated he was’ Ed. Note:’ The. Nevada City Nugget is publishing the graduation addresses of Mary Martz, winner of the $300 Hauber scholarship, ‘and of Rex Robinson, two students among those of outstanding scholarship te graduate last Friday night. Today Miss Martz address, entitled: ‘What Future for the English Language?” appears. Next Friday will be publlished the address of Rex Robinson, entitled: “Simple Scientific Principles Underlie Progress.” WHAT FUTURE FOR THE _ ENGLISH . LANGUAGE?” By MARY MARTZ One day a young boy glanced up from ‘his book and with a very puz zlied expression asked ‘‘Who is this guy, “Angelo Saxon?”’ Without real izing it, this youth was expressing the query of a great majority of our English people. People in their hurry to progress and change forget the importance of history, and the examples it presents for our benefit. It is little wonder that many are ignorant about even the founder of their own language, the ‘most vital thing in their lives If people would realize that a knowledge of the background of English would promote respect and understanding, a study of it would be introduced into education as one of the compulsory courses and ultimately the hit or misg attitude of modern society toward the mother tongue would be correeted. When one knows the numerous the language, one cannot help being inspired with higher respect for language and its uses. When the Angla Saxons conquered the Celts of Great Britain, in 428 A. D., they brought their own langue age with them, adapting only a few and’ Roman tongues. The basic rules and foundations of this language still remain’ today, slightly altered by time, but still known as the English language. When the Roman alphabet was introduced into Britain, great strides were made in writing and the first actual recording there began. Then the language began to” develop as our great English authors, sculptors in the finest art known, molded it to fit'their purposes. Starting with the Veneral Bede, the first great English author, who in reality founded the written language; and progressing through the ages to Chaucer, who modernized it; to the genius of Shakespeare, who perfected it; to Milton who with high sentiment and ideals ennobled it; to Shelly and Keats, who glorified it with their keen abilities to use the most beauteous words and fine expressions that grace the English language to make their writings an everlasting pleasure and inspiration; and finall to Tennyson, who polished and added the final touches needed to produce a language for today equal to the magnificent things of this day and age. While these monuments in literature exemplify the de finite progress in the development of the language, they by no means During the economic trouble in Europe about the seventeenth century, which centered around Great Britain, many people deemed it best. to make a new home in the new world, America. They took with them their customs and their language and when, in the yéars to come these settlers united to form the United States, it was the English language that was adopted as nation wide, since a majority of the settlers were English and it seemed most ideally suited to the . situation. However, during the course of years, when emigrants from all the foreign countries. came to America and settled in colonies or clans, dialects flouriahed. Today because of the large population and the vast extent that our. nation covers, dialects still exist even though the number of emigrants has ibeen greatly reduced. Everyone has experienced a slight , difficulty in understanding the tol-. loquialisms and speech of some one who has. come from a different part of the United States: However the basic words and rules really remain the same andi the differences ‘for most part come from the pronun tions. This universal basis eas lishes one of the two purposes .

f Td Sansa SAT val Thinking Out Loud H. M. L. By a Commencement has come and gone again. Why it is called ‘itcommencement” it is hard to conceive. The only commencement a living thing has is ‘birth. Commencement probably originated with the thought that when a lad left school he ‘‘commenced”’ to support himself in a livelihood «of some sort. When a whole class leaves at once, they commence whatever it is they are going to do, and ‘the step from school to earning a living was, in the old days, designated a commencement, and the name sticks. Graduation of course is a better and more accurate word to describe the thing. Really no ,one ever ceases going to school. Life itself is a school ofcontinnous' session and the schoolmaster is -very much of a disciplinarian. In life, as in schools of format learning, some master their lessons much quicker than others, and earn the reward which the world offers to those who excel in any activity. Just as cream rises in milk so those in tthe social media who are endowed, with courage, jpertinacity and intelligence. This is true in all free social groups, local or national. But when those endowed with superior talents or training use them selfishly ito. oppress their less gifted fellows inevitably they destroy the freedom that permitted their own rise above the average social level. Brute force of the: masses then destroys the intelligent few. ‘Russia is perhaps the most striking example of a social upheaval in which the most intelligent, and frequently the most corrupt, members of the social ‘body, ‘were ruthlessly exterminated ‘by ignorant and downtrodden millions, who,after centuries of virtual slavery and all manner of abuse, turned on their oppressors and without discrimination slaughtered all those, even suspected of being intelligent, because they had learned that smart men usually were wealthy men, and that wealthy men were usually wicked. We often hear light minded references to tthe ‘‘underdog.’’ As a matter of fact the underdog is almost invariably the largest and the fiercest dog. In any civilization he remains ‘‘under’’ only so long as he is comfortably situated with respect to material things. Deprive him too long of anything that may be termed, for lack of a Chinese artists, and danicers on tihe West Coast, and that this troupe which is coming to celebration several convergent lines, all to make this year’s Mexican Fiesta, servance of Nevada City’s 90th» birthday, a memorable event. of E Clampus Vitus has been called Nevada City Nugget COVERS RICHEST GOLD AREA IN CALIFORNIA » if in the right to publish the Truth, ton ——— From “the Californian, March 15, 1848: The Liberty of the Press consists with good motives and for justiable ends. — RISER GE Hamil4 — eeetiiemme’ Vel V2, No: 47." The County Seat Paper NEVADA CITY, CALIF ORNIA _The “Gold Center MONDAY, JUNE 13, 1938. 50 Chinese To Put on The date for the Bowl of Rice Ball for the suffering and destitute of China’s civil population has been changed from next Friday evening, June 17, to next Thursday, June 16. This event will take place then, next Thursday evening in the Grass Valley Veterans Memorial Hall, at 8 o’clock. The change in date according to Eddie Tin Loy, who has general charge of the ‘ball, is .dut to the fact that the fifty Chinese actors, actresses and other artists who are putting on a big Oriental vaudeville show, in ithe hour and a half preliminary to the dance, cannot be here on Friday night, when San Francisco is staging an enormous ball and series of events designed to aid the destitute in China. It will be of interest to note that the famous Chinese Six Companies which date from the 1860s, are backing the Rice Bowl ‘balls in California, and have been instrumental in securing for these charity affairs the services of practically all first rank musicians, actors ArtistsPageant at Rice Bowl Ball Thurs. Grass Walley comprises the top rank talent of the Chinese people in a ia country, These artists will stage a pageant of the different dynasties of China, the oldest civilization in the world. They will ‘be attired in the strange and beautiful court dresses that characterized the Mings, the Hans and the other splendid histoorical epochs of Chinese glory and eminence in a world that was then barbarous. In charge of this great troupe of artists is Miss Alice Wong of the San Francisco ‘public schools who teaches, not Chinese students, but American children in her ‘class room. Miss Wong, who has mastered the history and literature of both the Occident and the Orient,. will direct this group in their colorful and exetic pageant. Tickets may ‘be purchased at the Nevada City Nugget, at the Nevada City Bank of America, at the Morning Union office, of Carol Counghlan at the Alpha Hardware Stores, and at the Nevada County Lumber Company of Oscar Odegaard. Clampers To Inject Gay Note In Nevada City’s Fiesta Fourth three-day Fourth proceeding along Plans for the are in obThe William Bull Meek Chapter better phrase, an right, and she becomes with cruel fangs and tearing claws. He does not in his rage discriminate between those who actually. oppress, but, as in both the Frenca and Russian revolutions destroys all by Grand Noble Humbug Fred Nobs to meet this evening in the National Hotel at 8 o’clock. Announcemen. of its plans will be made immedaitely. It has been tentatively proposed that the Clampers shall take charge of the equivalent of the Helldorado which has made Auburn’s Gold Rush inherent human a top dog those who moved in the same general social sphere above him. Supporters of and apologists for the Roosevelt administration hold that it is to prevent such an upheava notable event. of July publicity committee, that arrangements are being completed for a big.Whoopee Caravan ‘Emmett Gallagher, of the Fourth reports otf Nevada City business’ men and Fiesta promoters to leave ‘here on Wednesday afternoon, June 22, to tour Marysville, Wheatland, Lincoln, Roseville and Auburn to excite interest ‘in the three-day Mexican Fiest, July 3, 4, and 5. All Fourth Celebrajtion committees are asked by the _ chairman, George Gildersleeve to meet tomorrow evening at the city hall to report progress and to complete plans. Nevada City with its gala dress is already attracting wide attention. The street streamers and flags and igreat wooden ‘Qigures of Mexican troubadours and senoritas envelope the city in a festive atmosphere. The bumper strips advertising the event are met with on all roads in this part of the state. al in the social and economic order in this country that most of the New Deal reforms have been placed in efifect. Undoubtedly thinking men and women concede that social security and unemployment insurance measures, when, in time, their faults of administration are cured, will prove a great iblessing and tend to soften the invieable clash ‘between those who inherit or earn mutch and those who inrehit or earn little. Those measures, however, including relief, farm and housing which derHELEN ARBOGAST TODAY City today received her bachelor of art degree at the eighty first commencement of the College of Pacific. Pacific is the oldest college California, having received its charter in 1851. major, is a member of the famed Pafific A Capella Choir. : GIVEN A. B. DEGREE Miss Helen Arbogast of Nevada in ‘Miss Arbogast ,a music ectly or indirectly subsidize certain groups, can only have an evil effect in the long run. “For in ‘their very nature, they tend to perpetuate themselves. The Wagner Labor act which works hardships and injustice, as now administered, upon all employers, militates against. al), employment, and must inevitably ‘be colt BIRTHDAYSII EE Send a Greeting to Your Friends. x” % rected before the curse of _ interunion warfare, and bitter clashes’ between employers and employes, can ibe halted. This period then is carrying many a lesson for all those who can learn lessons in ‘the school of. life. The New Deal is really a series of experiments in social justice. Most of the experiments are working ibadly, partly because of the ‘political (factor wikich plays s large a part in their administration, and partly to inherent faults But no one, who thinks at all will doubt, that the American nation ‘has for six years been experiencing a ‘‘commencementt” on a national scale. One can hardl imagine ‘anyone in this. great republic, who has not (been personally affectedin his living conditions by the New Deal. The effect in the great majority of cases is one of impoverish-' ment. The pendulum which so_ swiftly swung to the left with the advent of June 15, 1938 CATHERINE STEPHENS Boulder Street June 17, 1938 LEILA HIERONIMUS Sacramento Street MELVIN CLARK Nursery Street June 17, 1938 ROBERT POLGLASE Nevada City June 18, 1938 EVERETT DAVIS Broad Street MRS. J. J. JACKSON, JR. Boulder Street June 19, 1938 ANNA PETERSON Nevada City — Happy Birth day__— President Roosevelt, is slowly swinging to the right again, but it will never swing so far to the right, as it was for instance in the Harding regime. TRUCKEE MAN CHARGED WITH RECKLESSNESS John Bergeson of Truckeé’charged with reckless driving, who is in the county jail will have this hearing Wednesday morning, at 10 o’clock. The alleged offense took place at Truckee and two or three persons were injured it is statéd. Justice of the Peace W. Smith of Truckee will preside at the hearing in-~Nevada City. The alleged offense took place Sunday, June 5, 1938. Mr. and Mrs. Dave Richards of Boulder street had as guests Sunday Mrs. Richards brother, L. G. Roberts of Auburn and two nephews Elvin and Bill Roberts of Sacramento. Cherries are ripening in this section of Nevada county and the Loma Rica ranch northeast of Grass Valley has a fairly good crop. Prices are low this season it is believed due to the heavy crop last year, that is producing a large hold over this year. — Davey Family Holds Reunion and Picnic A reunion of the Davey family comprising about 60 memlbers enjoyed a delightffil picnic and visit on the Tahoe Ukiah highway at White Cloud. They were in a ‘beautiful grove of trees not far from the ‘Murchie miners picnic. Mrs. Maria Davey of Grass Valley great grandmother was able to be present to

greet the happy throng. Several relatives came from San _ Francisco while the most of them were from WORK ON MINE ASSESSMENTS MUST BE DONE The following received from L. Englebright: : Nevada City Nugget, Nevada City. The chairman of the Mines committees “of the House advises me that the bill ‘for pension of assessment work on mining claims for this year will not be taken up for consideration, due to the statement made last year that no further bills of this type would be passed. It will therefore be necessary for assessment work to be performed on mining claims. (Signed) HARRY L. ENGLEBRIGHT, : M. C. telegram has been Congressman Harry susFREE SWIMMING LESSONS TO BE GIVEN Verle Gray, municipal pool manager, announces that he will begin to give free swimming lessons on June 20. He will have beginners, intermediate and advanced classes for boys and girls. The boys classes will begin at 9 o’clock in the morning and the girls at 10:15. Diplomas and buttons will be awarded by the Red Cross to those who complete their work in any of these classes. P.T.A. PRESENTS WALTER CARLSON WITH GIFT At their last session the Parent Teachers association of the Nevada City elementary school presented Walter Carlson, the principal, with a charming gift in appreciation of his many courtesies and sis co-operation with the association during his many years as head of the school. HIGHER FARM PRICES CHEER U. S. BUSINESS By JOHN CRADDOCK NEW YORK, June 113.—BUSINESS —-A better feeling -prevailed last week in business and agricultural circles. Farmers, especially in the west, were cheered by the fact that the price of wheat which two weeks ago dropped to 67% cents a bushel, wasback to the 75 cent level. With America’s wheat crop estimated at one billion bushels, this rise means $80,000,000 more for farmers. Cotton rose too, more than $2 a bale, on reports of heavy rains damaging the crop. Great Britain ordered 400 airplanes from U. S. firms, practically assuring capacity operations in this industry for at least two years. Auto manufacturers said that it may be necessary to close Detroit plants for two months this summer, as previously expected. Renewal of confidence is seen in the fact that railroads last month ordered 6,114 new freight cars, In April only three were ordered. NO BOUNDS FOR POWER—Leaders of the electric power industry met_tlast week in America’s timehonored convention towns, Atlantic City. Cool ocean breezes promoted the woncilliatory spirit, and a sincere desire to cooperate wilth ‘the government was expressed. Another boom seems to be on the way for according to one spokesman, a $13,000,000,000 investment in new plant facilities will be required in the next decade to meet growing demand for electricity. It was revealed that at the end of 1937 Americans were using 2,100,000 more electric refrigerators, 325,000 more electric ranges, 2,000,000 additional radios, 750,000 washing machines, 1,200,000 electric clocks, 1,350,000 flatirons, 600,000 vacumm cleaners and 250,000 more toasters than at the close of 1936. Under careful management elm trees in Nevada County ‘shave been sprayed for elm leaf beetle. Victor Widmer did the work this year. Nevada City has several fine old elm trees, Rev. H. H. Buckner of the Methodist church, and Mrs. Buckner, left this morning to Stockton where they will attend the yearly conference of Grass Valley and Nevada City. churches. They will be away all this WAR REFUGEES IN CHINA TOTAL NEW YORK, June 13.—Lastminute dispatches from relief agencies in China reveal that the number of civilian refugees has increased from 45,000,000 to 60,000,000 following air raid bombings in the past ten days, Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., national chairman of the United Council for Civilian Relief in China declared today. Most of these 60,000,000 innocent non-combatants are without food and shelter and are facing epidemics constituting the greatest health danger the world has known since the Black Death of the Middle Ages, Colonel Roosevelt said. He appealed to all Americans to attend the ‘Bowl of Rice’ parties to be held throughout the ation on June 17th to aid the victims of Japanese aggression. Colonel Roosevelt received mation in a cable fromDr. Wang, chairman of the Shanghai Medical Association, that a wide-! spread epidemic of typhoid and cho-. lera in the International Settlement . “seems inevitable.” : “The total of 163 cases of typhoia and 135 cases of. chorela with 56 . deaths, which has been officially re-. ported to Shanghai ‘health authorities in the past seven days, unquestionably is far short of the actual . number,’ Dr. Wang said in his dispatch to the national headquarters of the United Council for Civilian Relief in China. ‘Only a fractional part of the 60,000,000 civilian re-. fugees in China are encamped in the: Shangnai area. One must magnify this picture of disease 200 times over in order to visualize the situation in China as a whole.’’ Dr. Wang. pleaded for immediate medical supplies and sanitary equipment in order to prevent the epidemics from wiping out millions of the Chinese war victims, Colonel Roosevelt declared. Four tons of quinine shipped to China within the last 3 months were enough to treat only a small fraction of those in urgent need of medical attention, said Colonel Roosevelt. The national chairman of the United Council for Civilian Relief in China disclosed that 1,561 cities already shave completed arrangements for Bowl of Rice parties on June 17 and that the number cooperating in one of the greatest humanitarian drives of all time is expected to reach 2000 within a few days. All funds raised at the parties will be used to provide food, clothing, shelter and medicine for the destitute Chinese civilians, Colonel Roosevelt said. JAMES S. GRAHAM RITES HELD D ON SATURDAY Funeral services for the late James S Graham were held Saturday afternoon.Rev. H. H. Buckner conducted the religious service. Hymns sung ‘by Mrs. Lyda Talbot added much to the beauty of the service. Interment was in Pine Grove cemetery by the following old friends: George H. Calanan, Thomas N. Coan, William Diamond, Cary S. Arbogast, Arthur Davis and James F. Colley. infor4 ESN The CCC camp Grass Valley. winter camp will be vacated by the boys this week and they will start moving the latter part of the week. A crew has been at Camp White Cloud on the Tahoe Ukiah highway east of Nevada City for some time making« repairs caused by heavy snow of last winter. Some of the tent platforms had been crushed and _. buildings damaged. The boys are putting canvas_about the platforms now. There are about 150 California boys in the group comprising Company 999. CALLED BY BROTHERS’ DEATR ‘Mrs. Mary Faéagans left today for San Francisco having been called there by the death of her brother, in a war with three others all of whom were seriously injured. Mr. Skelton leaves a wife. The accident week, occurred last evening. That Future For The L English Language? 60 MILLIONS . years of hard work and genius that . have gone into the development of words and phrases from the Celtic . end its history. William Skelton. It is stated he was’ Ed. Note:’ The. Nevada City Nugget is publishing the graduation addresses of Mary Martz, winner of the $300 Hauber scholarship, ‘and of Rex Robinson, two students among those of outstanding scholarship te graduate last Friday night. Today Miss Martz address, entitled: ‘What Future for the English Language?” appears. Next Friday will be publlished the address of Rex Robinson, entitled: “Simple Scientific Principles Underlie Progress.” WHAT FUTURE FOR THE _ ENGLISH . LANGUAGE?” By MARY MARTZ One day a young boy glanced up from ‘his book and with a very puz zlied expression asked ‘‘Who is this guy, “Angelo Saxon?”’ Without real izing it, this youth was expressing the query of a great majority of our English people. People in their hurry to progress and change forget the importance of history, and the examples it presents for our benefit. It is little wonder that many are ignorant about even the founder of their own language, the ‘most vital thing in their lives If people would realize that a knowledge of the background of English would promote respect and understanding, a study of it would be introduced into education as one of the compulsory courses and ultimately the hit or misg attitude of modern society toward the mother tongue would be correeted. When one knows the numerous the language, one cannot help being inspired with higher respect for language and its uses. When the Angla Saxons conquered the Celts of Great Britain, in 428 A. D., they brought their own langue age with them, adapting only a few and’ Roman tongues. The basic rules and foundations of this language still remain’ today, slightly altered by time, but still known as the English language. When the Roman alphabet was introduced into Britain, great strides were made in writing and the first actual recording there began. Then the language began to” develop as our great English authors, sculptors in the finest art known, molded it to fit'their purposes. Starting with the Veneral Bede, the first great English author, who in reality founded the written language; and progressing through the ages to Chaucer, who modernized it; to the genius of Shakespeare, who perfected it; to Milton who with high sentiment and ideals ennobled it; to Shelly and Keats, who glorified it with their keen abilities to use the most beauteous words and fine expressions that grace the English language to make their writings an everlasting pleasure and inspiration; and finall to Tennyson, who polished and added the final touches needed to produce a language for today equal to the magnificent things of this day and age. While these monuments in literature exemplify the de finite progress in the development of the language, they by no means During the economic trouble in Europe about the seventeenth century, which centered around Great Britain, many people deemed it best. to make a new home in the new world, America. They took with them their customs and their language and when, in the yéars to come these settlers united to form the United States, it was the English language that was adopted as nation wide, since a majority of the settlers were English and it seemed most ideally suited to the . situation. However, during the course of years, when emigrants from all the foreign countries. came to America and settled in colonies or clans, dialects flouriahed. Today because of the large population and the vast extent that our. nation covers, dialects still exist even though the number of emigrants has ibeen greatly reduced. Everyone has experienced a slight , difficulty in understanding the tol-. loquialisms and speech of some one who has. come from a different part of the United States: However the basic words and rules really remain the same andi the differences ‘for most part come from the pronun tions. This universal basis eas lishes one of the two purposes .