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Mighty Title Borne by
Many Unworthy Rulers
Caesar was & title assumed by Octavianus, adopted son of the great dic; tator, Julius Caesar, and was by him
handed down to his adopted son, T1berfus. It continued to be used by
» Caliguia, Claudius and Nero as mem“ Dera, either by adoption or female deacent of Caesar's family; but though
the family became extinct with Nero,
-gucceeding emperors stil! retained the
mame as part of their title, and it was
the practice to prefix it to their own
names, as Imperator Caesar, Domiti: anus Augustus. When Hadrian adoptAelius Verus, he allowed the latter to
take the title of Caesar, and from this
time, though the title Augustus continued to be confined to the reigning
emperor, that of Caesar was also
granted the second person in the state
: and the heir presumptive to the throne.
After the death of Nero, his name was
. aGopted as a kingly title by succeedfng Roman emperors. This practice
continued, and the same title was used
4m modern times, as in the case of
ifeaiser and czar.
Source of Fabled River
Styx Merely Waterfall
Solos, a village on the slopes of
Mount Helmos, not far from Akrata
im the division of southern Greece
known as Achae, is near the supposed
gite of the fabled River Styx. In
Greek mythology the Styx is a mighty
river, the tenth part of the water of
Oceanus, which flows in the lower
world. It-is described by Homer and
‘ Blesiod as the terrible biack water
falling from a high precipice and dashing itself upon a lofty rock, through
which it passed and then fell inte the
~Orathis.
The fabled waters of the Styx have
“4peen identified by students of antiq‘‘wity as the two slender cascades fallimg over a high perpendicular precipice of Mount Helmos, near Solos.
After winding among a labyrinth of
rocks the water unites to form a mountain torrent whieh eventually joins the
River Akrata (Orathis). Superstidious
feelings of dread still attach to the
water, which is considered of a pecullarly noxtous character.
Pliny Stirred to Wrath
Those who have watched some volonteer fire companies in action will
we amused by the fact that Pliny got
all wrought up about this matter of
fire-fighting back in 106 A. D., writes
Joseph T. Armstrong in the New OrYeans Item-Tribune. . In a letter to the
Roman emperor Trajan, Pliny deaeribed a fire at Nicomedia, which
consumed several homes, the towa
house and the temple of Isis.
Pliny indignantly blamed this damage in part to “the indolence of the
people, who manifestly stood idle and
motionless spectators of this terrible
calamity.” He ‘said there were in the
town “neither engineers, buckets nor
ahy single instrument suitable for ex.
tinguishing fires,” and recommended
that a company of 150 firemen be
‘formed.
White House Baths
“Oharming Dolly Madison,” one of
the most gracious of Mhite House
mistresses, set aside rooms for ‘bathing, and. instituted the first Presidential bathtubs. These bathtubs remained
in the White House only until the entrance of Andrew Jackson, first plebeYan President, who promptly chucked
them out of doors for representing
something decidedly undemocratic,
and therefore offensive to the common people. However, the bathtub
returned with the fastidious Fillmore
te remain evermore enshrined, although the Fillmore tub has long since
‘been replaced.
t
Teo Big to Lose
Billy’ Brown was dreaming ef the
ghorious game of football he waa going to have as soon as he got out of
gehool. Me wasn't a bit interested ia
the elephant, which was the subject
eft the lesson to whieh he ought to
Rave been listening. The teacher saw
this and pounced on him.
“Brown, where are elephants
found?” he demanded sternly.
Billy was staggered for a moment,
Pet rose gallantly to the occasion.
“P-please, sir,” he stammered, ‘“elephante are so big that they're hardly
ever lost!”
Mental Test
An agent recently called on a aerth
side mether trying to tnterest her in
a set of books. Junior was peering
through the pages so the caller showed
him some pictures under “Mental
Test.” One picture was that of a
wagon without the “handle.” After
—-gakingJunior several questions the
woman enlightened him by saying that
the wagon didn’t have a handle. Turning to a picture of a pig without a
tail the youngster studied it intently
for a few moments and said, “Why,
the pig doesn't have a handle, either.”
—Indianapolis News.
Great Names for Small Towns
That many Americans have traveled ‘n Europe might be deduced
from the trails of Huropean names
throughout the United States. Parts
and Berlin are each to be found im
15 states, while #even undeveloped
Londons, ranging in aize from 100 te
4,000 population, might be visited in
a Gemestic grand tour.
the proud possessor of all three, and
fm addition has a Peking. Peking is
te be fewnd in four other states also.
—Geveland News.
ing elsewhere the Lava Beds
IN LAVA BEDS AREA
New discoveries were made in the
Modoe Lava Beds region. recently by
a party headed by Forest Supervisor
F. P. Cronemfiller, Jr., of the Modoc
National Forest.
While the seores of large caves
and other natural curiosities exist\Wa~
tional Monument as well as point of
historical interest are quite familiar
to the forest rangers, a large den in
the center of the national monument
has remained practically unexplored
by the government officers. Even J.
D. Howard of Klamath Falls, an authority on the Modoc. Lava Beds,
who has mapped most of the caves
in, the region, has not made any extensive survey of this particular
area,
The chief. discovery made by Cronemiller and his companions was a
large eave about two miles west of
Juniper. Butte, the entrance to which
was accidentally found by Road
Foreman..Dan._A. -Davfs sometime
ago. The entrance to this cave is a
yawning hole about twelve feet
square which droops off sheer. The
floor of the cave is about fifty feet
below the surface of the ground
and Cronemiller and James F. Gassoway, an employe of.the forest service, ventured into the interior by
-means of a rope ladder.
While access to the interior of
this big eave is by no means casy,
the forest service men found that
some adventurous spirit.-bad been
there before them,
It ts rather surprising that some
yvanquero in past years has, not: accidentally ridden into this deep pit
since the hole drops sheer from level
ground to old time cow punehers is
evidenced by a high ealrn: of rocks .
visible for a good distance. This
marker was evidently built about
fifty or sixty years ago, probably
about the time when this section was
known throughout the West as the
range of the Fairehilds and Dorris
interests. :
Cronemiller’s party also discovered
four other large caves in this vicinity, One of these rivals any of the
large eaves further south. Sevéral
hundred feet long ,its roof is perfectly domed and the floor is almost
as smooth as a city pavement.
Another one nearby is a daylight
cave in which Nature outdid herself
in the matter of providing light. Its
smooth floor, is pierced by two
large skylights, and as the entrance
at both ends is a gradual descent,
it is much used by wild animals.
From evidence found in the cave it
has also been much used in past
years during winter months by
roof about forty feet above the!
on the sufrounding range.
In this cavern also the officers
found a sealed glass jar containing
the names of people who had visited
the cave many: years ago.
Since these new caves are well off
the beaten track and far from any
traveled roads, very few people will
visit them, the rangers say.
GOOD RUN OF STEEL
TROUT IS REPORTED
A very good run of steel head
trout -was reported in the streams
south of San Francisco several days
ago by sportsmen in this district.
Although some of these waterways
carried a depth of only twelve inches at ‘the mouth some very sizable
fish were noted passing through.
One angler reported that several
limits were taken within a few minpteg after the lines were cast into the
stream. In. all cases the fishermen
appeared satisfiel with their catches
and departed within a short time
after their arrival.
Some of the old timers said that
they had never seen the fish in such
a sportsmanlike manner before, and
wardens of the Division of Fish and
Game verified the reports. Warning
was given to two adventurers, armed
with a hayfork, who were loitering
along the banks of a river.
sheepherders who range their foeks .
Effieaey of advertising in the development of the west and the essential need not only for maintaining
but inereasing this advertisig to cope
with icreasing competition from other sections, are stressed in an article
released for publication here by Felix 8. McGinnis, vice president of the
Southern Pacific company in charge
of system passenger traffic.
Writing for the Februarw issue of
Western Advertising and Western
Business, the rail executive attributes much of the phenomenal
grouth and cities the supplemental
and strengthening force of individual advertising by railroads and
steamship lines,
“Advertising’s importanéy in our
modern ecouomic life is so well reognized that we can concede, without argument, that it has been a factor in the progress and development
of our western country,’ McGinnis
writes. ‘ But the extraordinary extent of the influnce of advertising on . x;
western grouth has been so much
greater than in other parts of the
country that its primary importance
may not be generally recognized.”
Declaring that the people of the
MARCH 6, 1931
Paeific Coast have been “notabty advertising-minded” since the earyhistory of this region, the exective
adds: “The ability to get together
and-cooperate is a chararteristic of
the West. It is well exemplified im
both community and industrial ad)
vertising. It.may been forced by the
preasure of economic circumstances,
but the fact remains that co-operat
ive actions is making advertising
more effective, and advertising, om
the othef hand, is helping to increase
community and regional conscious=
ness.
“Advertising, of course, is but omm
factor in our western growth. Bué
the general appreciation of adver
tising as a force, plus the enerey
and initiative to apply it, coupled
with ability and desire to work together and to coordinate effort haw
made advertising on the Pacifie
Coast a most active element in our
progress. We have had a good prod<
uce and we have worked together t@<
get the most out of advertising
in selling it.”
+ 0
Rev. H. Buckner and Dr. Gele
spent Wednesday in Downieville.
William Coppen of Strawberry
Valley, Yuba county, was a business
isitor in this city Wednesday.
Wave Kesserling, traveling repre:
sentative for Carlisle and company
is here on his regula business visi.
0.
Subscribe for The Nugget
———
Arkansas is
—
hy we spend §2.000.00¢
4
to put CAMEL cigarettes
in the new Humivpor Pack
W. have been in the tobacco business a long
time down here at Winston-Salem and we take
a lot of pride in the quality of the cigarettes we
make.
While we have spent a good many million
dollars advertising Camels, we’ve always held
to the old fashioned idea that the thing that
really counts is what we put into our cigarette
and not what we say about it.
If we know anything about tobacco, and we
think we do, Camels contain the choicest Turkish and the mellowest, ripest domestic leaves
that money can buy.
In fact we have every reason to be proud of
the quality of Camels as they come from the
factory, but the remark of an old friend of ours
from Denver some time ago emphasized a point
that has been the problem of the cigarette
industry for years. ;
As. he inhaled the smoke from a Camel we
gave him in our offices one morning, he sighed
with very evident enjoyment and then asked
jokingly, “What is this, a special blend reserved for Camel executives?”’
“Certainly not,’’ we told him. ‘“This package
of Camels was bought at the corner store this
morning.”’
“Well,” he said, “I’ve been a dyed in the wool
Caine] smoker for a good many years, but upon
my soul i never got a cigarette as good as this in
Denver. Hi you would give the rest of the world
the hind of Camels yeu sell here in WinstonSalem, you ought to have ail the cigarette business there is.”
ry
daar statement simply emphasized again the cigarette
industry’s most important
problem. The more we
thought. about it, the surer
we were that he wus dead
right, and that somehow,
something must be done.
Denver wasn’t getting a fair
break. Neither in fact was
any other town. The only people who really knew how good
Camels could be,were the folks
right here in Winston-Salem.
That was due to a factor no .
cigarette. manufacturer had
ever been able to control.
Naturally there is no differenoe whatever in the quality
Re ery. ot
Ey etiam Panes
of the tobacco in Camels, whether you buy
them in Winston-Salem, Denver or Timbuctoo. But up to now there has been a very real
‘difference in the condition of the cigarettes by
the time they reached the smoker. .
The flavor and mildness of fine tobacco
depend upon the retention of its natural, not
added, moisture content which is prime at
about ten per cent.
In spite of our great pains always to make
sure Camels left the factory with just the right
amount of natural moisture, no cigarette package had ever yet been designed that could prevent that precious moisture from drying out,
oe are three things about a cigarette that
can sting the tongue and unkindly burn the
throat.
(1) Cheap tobaccos.
(2) Particles of peppery dust left in the
tobacco because of inefficient cleaning methods.
(3) A parched dry condition of the tebacco due to loss of natural moisture
by overheating or evaporation.
Always certain of the quality of our tobaccos
we had already made Camel a “‘dustless’’ cigarette by the use of a specially designed vacuum
cleaning apparatus exclusive with our factory.
Now, if.we could perfect a package that would
actually act as a humidor and retain-the natural moisture content, then Yuma, Arizona,
could enjoy Cameis as much as we do here at
Winston-Salem.
We knew what “we wanted.
We tried many things. We
asked the Pittsburgh Testing
Laboratory to help us.
After many experiments and
humidity tests covering all
methods of packing cigarettes
came the detailed report.of
which this is the net:
(A) No existing cigarette package, including those wrapped
in glassine paper or ordinary .
cellophane, gives anything like .
adequate protection against
evaporation.
(B) AU cigarettes so packed
tend to dry out rapidly from
the day they are released from
‘the factory.
(C) Only a waterproof mate‘vial with a specially devised
gv
pens
Hipgueiiiaaa et ee
=
air-tight seal could give the desired protection.
(D) This measure, while costly, could be relied
on to keep Camels in prime condition for at
least three months in any climate.
If you have a technical bent, the graph below
made by the Pittsburgh Testing Laboratory
will show you the exact results of their exhaustive study.25 DAY CHART OF CIGARETTE MOISTURE LOSS
1 Average 50 packages *
Unwrapped Package
sel =a +} Glassine Wrapped Package
i es Wee wa Regular Cellophane
: . other Wrapped Package
he” besse
30 3 Tose
Pi oe
20 eet) on
ee =. Camel Humidor Pack
to at Moisture proof Cellewe bbane—Sealed Air Tight
E DAYS
D 0 Epo 9150 Q
Pittsburgh Testing Laboratory chart above graphica
shows you that only the Camel Humidor Pack eee
cigarettes to you in prime condition
You may be sure we gave this report a lot of
careful study. We checked it and re-checked it
and then we went ahead. We tried this device
and that. At last we met success. The air-tight
wrapping involved the designing of special
processes, special machines.
That eosts a lot of money, more than $2,000,000 the first year, but after you have tried
Camels packed this modern new way we are
sure you will agree it is a fine investment.
For some time now every Camel that has left
our factory has gone out in this new Humidor
Pack. re ‘
e
We have said nothing about it until now, to
make sure your dealer would be able to supply
you when the good news came out.
Camel smokers of course have already discovered that their favorite cigarette is better
and milder now than ever before.
If you aren’t a Camel smoker, try them just
to see what a difference there really is between
harsh, dried out tobacco and a properly eonditioned cigarette.
You can feel the difference, you can hear the
difference and you certainly can taste the difference.
Of course we’re prejudiced.
We always have believed that Camel is the
world’s best cigarette.
Now we know it. .
Just treat yourself to Camels in the new —
Humidor Pack and see if you don’t agree.
R. J. REYNOLDS TOBACCO COMPANY
at