May 27, 1938 (6 pages)

FE SOE fag oo ® » ba) eS hi ki Thinking Out Loud. “By H. M. L. Good news: The President side another fishing trip in July.This time to the Galapagos Islands to be gone a month. A great many people * wil] wish him luck and a jolly time. Hitler promises Chamberlain not to invade Czechoslovakia and start a world war. Doubtless he will continue to focus Nazi attention upon the little republic. without actually invading it. Dictators hold sway largely ‘by directing the attention of their oppressed peoples to green pastures across their boundaries. Another attempt to escape from Alcatraz has been foiled. ‘‘The Rock’’ was apparently well chosen as a place for the safe keeping of dangerous men. Warden Johnson understands his business without rushing into print with every incident that happens. Tihe undesirable social fringe universally loves exploitation in the press. When a criminal goes to “the Rock”’ for the term of his sentence, he might just as well have been interred. Silence envelopes ihim so far as the outside world is concerned. One thing that has not yet received a satisfactory answer in the courts is whether or not an employer may dismiss an unsatisfactory employe if that employe be a member of a union. The Hollywood Citizen-News dismissed three members of the editorial staff. The entire staff belonged to the Guild, ‘a CIO affiliate. A strike was called and demand made that the three ‘be re-instated. The publisher insisted it was this perogative to hire and [fite as the need arose in the conduct of his business. The newspaper appears regularly but the strike is still on. Who is to determine when an employe is fired for incompetence and when for unton activity? May an employer discharge an habitual drunkard who is also a member of a labor union? Must an employer take a chance, on discharging an insubordiate employe, on being ordered to reinstate him because he is a member of a union? Some court, somewhere, should settle these questions. North San Juan will this year observe Memorial Day. The old cemetery there contains the mortal part of many a soldier, many a pioneer, who served with honor his country in peace or war. The patient dead, neglected for. many a decade, many of them at least, if they may look down “from the windows of heaven, will be glad to be remembered again, to see their graves again abloom witi flowers. The staff of life in “Old Cathay” is rice, even as wheat is with the Occidental world. Rice is probably the most inexpensive food in China, yet millions are so destitute as a result of the ruthless Japanese invasion that they perish for the lack of a few grains of this cereal daily. The sorest spot on this earth is China. The Bowl of Rice Ball, coming June 17, will provide every one who holds.within himself a bit\of the milk of human kindness an opportunity to succor some starving Chinese woman or ihild. Let it not pass. Los Angeles reaches into every nook and corner of the country seeking vacation patronage), A cireular just received pictures the many kinds of recreation that may be enjoyed there. Fifty years ago Los Angeles was little more than a squalid village. It was dusty, dirty, windy in summer, muddy and foggy in winter. It has never had a climate to compare with that of Santa Barbara or Ventura. But a Man-made metamorphosis has taken place. Trees, spacious lawns, gardens, wide paved streets have cooled the temperature in summer and made the winters far pleasanter. Advertising has brought more people with money each year who have contributed to more advertising to bring moré people. Advertising Los Angeles in Nevada county, however, we suspect is thrown away. Who would leave this beautiful country to spend a vacation in Los Angeles? The largest summer attendance of Bey Seouts at Camp Pahatsi in its brief history is confidently predicted for this season by Harris Ricksecker, * region scout executive. Last winter . . established a new record for winter attendance at the boy’s lodge in the high Sierras. Pahatsi is a paradise for youth. Those who contributed the money and built the camp are public benefactors in a splendid way. Miss Florence Genasci and Mrs. A. W. Hoge spent Tuesday in Sacramento on a business and pleasure trip. Nevada Cit COVERS RICHEST GOLD AREA IN CALIFORNIA Nugget in The Liberty of the Press consists with good. motives and for —justifiable ends, — Alexander Hamilton . From the Californian, March 15, 1848: the right to publish the Truth, _ Vol. 12, No. 43. _The ‘County Seat Paper NEVADA CITY, CALIFORNIA ~The cc Center FRIDAY, MAY 27, 1938. ROTARY IS TOLD OF REVOLUTION IN OLD MEXICO Ralph Everett, history professor in the Sacramento Junior College, yesterday gave the Rotary. club at luncheon a brief outline of Mexican revolutions, painting a vivid background for the present unrest in that country and the fundamental reasons for expropirations of foreign oil land holdings, mines, ranches, etc. It was not until thirty years after the American Revolution that its repercussions began to be felt in Mexico, Mr. Everett said. Then a priest revolted both against the rules of his:ehureh and laws of the state and attempted to upset tthe feudalistic system whilch had been imposed by the conquistadores upon the native Indian population in the sixteenth century. This revolution, like all revolutions since, was intended to restore to the Indians some of the rights and natural resources such as mines, and lands, whiich had passed into the hands of the Spanish people, consisting of about 20 per cent of the population. The condition of the Indian people, whith have their own very_marked culture, has for some centuries been that of slaves, through “‘peons’”’ is the word more generally used. To an American they would mean practically the same thing. Peons lived on the land of the great haciendas and were passed down from generation ,to generation along with the land to those that inherited it. They were generally in debt and their children inherited. their debts, because all that they bought was purchased from the hacienda stores. Tine names of Iturbe, Juarez and others illumine the long history of revolution in Mexico. For forty years Porfirio Diaz ruled the country with an iron hand, and his picture along with that of Santa Ana does, not hang on walls of ‘Mexico’s temple of fame in Mexico City. The Mexicans do not honor the memory of those two. The effort President Cardenas is making today is primarily to restore to the 95 per cent of the population the economic rights that were lost to their ancestors 400 years ago. : FANDANGO, BULL FIGHTS: FOR 4TH CELEBRATION Enthusiasm prevailed at a Fourth of July committee meeting held in the city hall at Nevada City by President Fred E. Conner and his committee Tuesday evening. It was tentatively planned to make the event a celebration of the 90th birthday of Nevada City. Nevada City was then under Mexican rule and the celebration will have a Mexican motif with a fandango as closely resembling those old itime Mexican events -as possible. George Gildersleeve was chosen chairman of the committee. It will be a three day celebration with Saturday night, July second, turned over to E Clampus Vitus. On Sunday there will be patriotic exercises and Monday July Fourth, the big parade will take place. Instead of the usual soliciting of funds from ‘busifess houses and citizens it is planned to hold a big: bene+ fit dance and barbecue in Pioneers park Sunday, June 12. Ht has been suggested as attractions for the afternoon, a baseball game, Bast Side of Nevada City vs. West Side; Mexian bull. fight with gaudily dressed torredores, and other amusements to draw a large crowd. Banner Mt. Post V. F. W. will take an active part in the benefit barbecue pienic and dance, The plans are subject tg the approval of the Chamber of Commerce at its next meeting, the committee of Tuesday evening having been .instructed to report on plans for a July Fourth celebration. BUDDY POPPIES Max Weiss veteran and member of Banner Mt. Post, V. F. W. has been selected chairman of the committee which will sell Buddy Poppies in Nevada City Saturday, Sunday and Monday. About 1000 poppies. were sent to Mr. Weiss to sell. The flowers are made by disabled veterans and the money received from their sale is used to make life more worth while for disabled veterans, NO ISSUE OF NUGGET ON MEMORIAL DAY Memorial Day falls on next Monday and the Nevada City Nugget with other business houses will be closed. There will be no issue of the Nugget on that day. Banks and public offices will also be closed. EUGENE TUCKER LEAVES FOR SOUTH AFRICA Mr and M.rs. Eugene Tucker and two little daughters will depart on the train from Colfax today for O’OKiep, Namaqualand, mining district in South Africa where Mr. Tucker will join the staff of Superintendent George Kervin. Mr. Kervin is reopening the O’OKiep Copper Co., Ltd. property .for the Newmont Interests. Mr. and Mrs. "Arthur Elliott and son.left here about a year ago and are at the ‘mine also. Mr. and Mrs. Tucker’ will sail from New York for Capetown about three weeks ocean voyage. Winter ‘has just started there. There is about six or seven inches of rainfall for the season. It is considered a healthful place, the elevation is 3,000 feet. The mine is between 200 and 300 miles north of Capetown. Mr. Tucker, born and reared in Nevada City, attended the local schools and graduated from University of Nevada at Reno in 1930. He has been employed. at the Murehie mine ever since completing school and is one of the faithful and trusted employees. The men employed with Mr. Tucker at the Murchie mine presented him with a 21 jewel Waltham wrist watch yesterday in token of their love and esteem. The entire community wishes this splendid young couple bon voyage and a safe journey and much prosperity. Mr. Tucker loves this district and spoke of this returning at the expiration of his three years contract with the mine. _ Mr. Tucker’s mother, Mrs. Anna C. Tucker and brother, Robert Tucker, reside in Nevada City.UNIFIED SCHOOL SYSTEM ADOPTED FOR NEV. CITY The Nevada City Board of Education has announced that beginning the new fiscal year, July 1, a unified school district will ‘be established with a superintendent of schools, and a vice principal each fomthe high school and the elementary school. The board has appointed H. E. Kjorlie, ‘superintendent of the unified distrcit. Mrs. Eva Flewellan ihas been named vice ‘principal of* the high school. The post of vice principal of ithe elementary school was offered to Walter.Carlson but he declined and has tendered his resignation. Many friends of Mr. Carlson will regret his departure from the schools of this city where ‘he has served so long and faithfully. Mrs. Flewellan has a host of friends who rejoice with ther in her advancement to a post of more responsibility. She is regarded as not only a teacher of fine achievement, but also a very capable administrator. The appointment of Mr. Kjorlie to the superintendency of the unified school district will relieve the school board of much of clerical work which has become increasingly_ burdensome with the growth of the two school systems. Tihe enviable record ‘Mr. Kjorlie as principal of the high school, in the opinion of his many friends warrants his promolin to a larger sphere. Tihe teachers whose contracts for the ensuing school year were renewed are as follows: ELEMENTARY STAFF Miss Gertrude Goyne, Mrs. Doris Foley, Miss Savory Ford, Miss Ruth Tamblyn, Mrs. Mabel Flindt, Mrs. Mary Warnecke, Miiss Ruth Hogan, Miss Virgihia Ramm, Miss Helen Chapman, Miss Winifred Grant, Mrs. Elza Kilroy, Wallace Leslie, Mrs. Isabelle Hefelfinger (school nurse); Mrs. C. A. Libbey (superintendent music and choral.) : HIGH SCHOOL STAFF High school teaching staff: Mrs. Eva Flewellen, Beverly Barron, Miss MEMORIAL DAY — PROGRAMS IN NC. AND N. SAN JUAN ‘Banner Mt. Post,. No. 2655,.VFW have made plans for the observance of Memorial Day both in Nevada City and North San Juan, InNevada City the school children will parade to Pine Grave cemetery, Start at 10 o’clock at the Methodist church. Thé Grass Valley high school band and the American Legion will take part in the parade and alSo the Canadian Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars. At the cemetery a program will be given with Attorney Frank Finnegan as speaker of the day. The ladies auxiliary will conduct a program at the Catholic cemetery on West Broad street. Miss Jean Hawkins will recite the poem, ‘Flanders Fields‘‘-at the Pine Grove and San <Juan cemeteries. All lodges have’ been invited to participate in this memorial service. THREE CARS COLLIDE ON TOWN TALK HILL ee NE tals Vernon Mathensen was injured in a three car collision at Town Talk on Wednesday night suffering a head cut, bruised ribs and bruised leg. At nine o’clock Wednesday night a car driven by Robert Hill, with his wife and son, enroute to Nevada City collided with the car of Fred McArthur, going to Grass Valley. The left front wheels of the two cars hooked together and were pulled into the center of the highway. Hills car went down the, highway for about fifty feet and then stopped. Directly behind was the car of Vernon Mathensen of Nevada City, McArthur’s car cut across the path of the Mathensen car and struck it. All three cars were considerably damaged. Chief of Police Garfield Robson and Night Watchman James Allen upon receiving word of the accident immediately.went to the scene. Mathensen was taken to Dr. Hummelt’s office for treatment. FORTY POUNDS OF FISH; $100 FINE Captain A. H. Willard arrested Herman Gunfle, president of Rathjen Bros., Ins., of San Francisco in Sacramento ‘May 15 with 40 pounds of trout in his possession. The arrested man had caught them in Lake Tahoe and was returning to the bay region when arrested. His case was brought before Judge Orr in Sacramento and he was fined $100. The limit on fish is ten pounds. Captain Willard states fishing is good at Lake Tahoe. Earl Hiscox, fish and game commission, states fishing is improving throughout the local areas and fly fishing is just coming in. Last week he saw ten fine trout taken from Wolf Creek southeast of Grass Valley. He warns everyone that roads and trails into the high mountains remain closed with deep snows and trees. Last week he walked 24 miles through snow to the Bowman-Lake Fuller region and found the snow deep and many trees across the roads, some of the trees are six feet thick. The officers stated good catches are being made in Bloody Run, Grizzy Canyon, Glide Creek, Deer Creek, Scotts Flat Dam and many other places. CAMP FIRE NOTES The Wowake Group will hold their regular weekly meéting, on Friday, May 27, at the home*of Mrs. L. B. Gregory on the Tahoe Ukiah highway. Plans and discussions will ‘be held on future Doughnut Drives and candy sale to be given by the group. All members are asked to atténd this important meeting, The Council Fire to be held Friday evening has been postponed till a future date. Nell Baggley, Henry Hobbie, Miss Esther Tremaine, Robert Burke, Miss Thelma Peterson, Miss Thelma McKnight, Miss Margaret Rector, Mrs. Isabel Hefelfinger (hygiene and health), Mrs. Marian-Libbey (superA newspaper picture purporting to show one of the deputies in action during the battle with CIO pickets on the Murchie road, was introduced in the trial of five accused of rioting, now going forward in the superior court. A clipping of the picture was permitted by Judge Tuttle to be ‘filed with the provision that it be properly identified. Deputy Sheriff Woods admitted that the picture was of himself but declared it did not give a true picture of the scene in which he was an actor. Attorney Resner for the defense, attempted to show that so long as the witness identified himself. in the picture, it could be introduced in evidence, but the judge ruled the picture must first be identified legally. Attorney Anderson, admitted that the defense might not be able to produce the original negative or photograph. Woods testified that he saw Spear sitting on Frank Misner and beating him with his fist When the tear gas got thick he ‘tried to pull Misner out of the melee and someone jumped on his (Woods’) back. Prior to the tear gas episode he stated he saw Henry Yuen try to put’ a lighted match in the tank of one of the first cars in the procession. : The jury finally ‘chosen Wednesday to try five men accused of rioting on January 20 consists of Hubert H. Hubbard, miner, Grass Valley; John Culver, retired, French Corral; Mrs. Bessie Butler, housewife, Wolf Creek district; Gertrude Lanz, Tahoe Ukiah highway, housewife; Dr. L. W. Harden, Wolf district, retired; Rolfe Buffington, Downieville road, miner; Thos. Osborne, Grass Valley; butcher; George P. Still, Lime Kiln, farmer; Mrs. Bertha Hargrave,Nevada City, house-. wife; Leonora — Salisbury, Soda Springs, housewife; Bernard Maguire, Liberty Hill, placer miner; Martha Key, Nevada City, housewife. Tihe witnesses examined Wednesday and yesterday weré first, Sheriff Tobiassen, and deputies Car] Larsen, William Woods and a special deputy Frank Misner and John Muscardini. Sheriff Tobiassen gave a straightforward account of the rioting on the Murchie imine road near its junction with the Red Dog road, on the morning of January 20, when the Murchie miners were escorted through the picnet lines by the sheriff and his deputies. said he.fohnd the pickets in mass formation; warned them to disperse. The men refused to do so. He thad a conference with the pickets, and into this conference Scott Erwin and two others entered. The sheriff said he told Erwin to mind this own business. Tobiassen said that when the caravan of Murchie miners arrived they entered the Murchieroad and stopped when the first car reached the pickets massed in the road and along the banks of the cut. He stated that Circle, Yuen and Vasion were in front of the car. It was then that he ordered thé pickets to disperse. ‘Miisner testified that he had seen Circle “attempting with others to overturn Orzalli’s car, the first in the caravan, and that he had seen Yuen with a two pound coffee can throwing water on the jengine of ‘the car. Misner finally ived a blow that put him out and when he came to he was being given first aid treatment. On cross examination the was asked at some length regarding a package of pick handles that had been deposited somewhere in the vicinity but declared he .did not know who had brought them there. As with other witnesses the defense attorneys tried .to_ establish through Carl Larsen, deputy sheriff, when he took the stand, that there had been consultation between the Murchie mine management and the sheriff. Little headway was made in that direction. Larsen substantially corroborated the testimony of the other witnesses. He told of being knocked off his feet by a rock which Sheriff Tobiassen had stated was hurled by Zdrich. The defendants, Roy Staton, C. BE. Circle, Henry Yuen, Peter Zdrich and. James Vasion displayed keen interest in thé passage between the sheriff and Attorney Anderson and in the courtproceedings generally. The sheriff said: “Mr. Circle said: intendent choral music.) Five Peace Officers . Testify In Trial Of Alleged Rioters The sheriff} We will die first! President Roosevelt is behind us. We will stand on our constitutional rights’. “T saw Mr. Vasion pick up a rock. Deputy Dick Rafferty warned him to put it down. Several of them grabbed Beno’ Orzalli’s car and started to pick it up. Circle said: ‘Tip the damn thing over. They won’t go through!’ I saw Mr. Yuen throw water on the engine of the car. Woods, Larsen, and Misner stepped on the running board of the car and held it down. Next, I saw Misner struck on the neck and go down.” (The sentence, on motion of Defense Attorney Anderson, was ordered stricken out.) “I saw Vasion,” the sheriff con-— tinued, “throw a rock through the windshield of Orzalli’s car and strike Frank Buster: in an eye. I saw Mr. Staton.on the west bank of the road. He hit me in the solar plexus with a rock. I then went down. and .got @ load of gas. After again warning them to leave I threw a gas bomb into the midst of them. I called upon the highway patrol to assist me. I called out the riot guns. “T saw Yuen throw two or three rocks in the direction of the afficers. The rocks varied from the size of a turkey egg to the size of my fist.’’ Attorney Anderson interposed objection. after objection, to much of Tobiassen’s testimony, Superior Judge Tuttle constantly ‘was called upon to sustain or overrule Anderson’s objections. Testimony regarding the affray outside of that concerning the defendants was ruled out. Anderson objected to the sherift’s reference to the affray as a “‘fight’’. He suggested it ‘be referred to as an “oecurrence.’’ The request was beled ed by Judge Tuttle. While Tobiassen was under cross examination, Attorney Anderson rTre‘quested he be permitted to question the sheriff in order to show he cooperated with the Murchie mine management in escorting. what Anderson termed ‘ strike breakers” back to work. £ 5 ape The district attorney’s objection on the ground it was not within the scope of direct examination and also immaterial, incompetent and irrelevant was sustained by Judge Tuttle. “Igsn’t it a fact,” Anderson then asked, “you met with a group of ‘Murchie men {and told them you would escort them to the Murchia mine shaft?’’ “1 did not,‘‘ Tobiassen replied. “I told them I would maintain an open road policy”’ “Between the 17th on 20th of January did you have a_ conversation with any one in an official capacity at the Murchie mine, the Empire Star Company, Ltd, or the Newmont Mining Company, about escorting men onto the Murchie property?” District Attorney Stoll again objected, but Tobiassen already had. answered: “No sir.” Andersqn then made tha state. ment: ““T am going to show this man (he pointed his finger at Tobiassen) started the riot. He went out there with cars loaded with rifles, pistols, tear gas, and riot guns and about forty deputies. I want to show why he took off his\wrist watch from his wrist while everything was quiet and placed it in a safe\spot.’’ Tobiassen admitted. he had hae told the Murchie miners would te ~ turn to work the morning ‘of biearince 20th. The sheriff was the cab witness on the stand during Wednésday’s proceedings. The gelection of the jury was completed:.shortly befora — noon. It is composed of seven men ~ and five women. — ‘Mr. and Mrs. George Hallock of Alleghany left Sacramento yesterday on the streamline train for New York where they will remain a month. Mr. Hallock will attend to some business and the remainder of the time will be spent Betecii., ing. iets t: Mrs. Ella M. Austin, county. f erintendent of Schools, a graduation exercises * : grammar school last eve speaker of the @ evening 3 ‘Boys, we can’t let them go through!

FE SOE fag oo ® » ba) eS hi ki Thinking Out Loud. “By H. M. L. Good news: The President side another fishing trip in July.This time to the Galapagos Islands to be gone a month. A great many people * wil] wish him luck and a jolly time. Hitler promises Chamberlain not to invade Czechoslovakia and start a world war. Doubtless he will continue to focus Nazi attention upon the little republic. without actually invading it. Dictators hold sway largely ‘by directing the attention of their oppressed peoples to green pastures across their boundaries. Another attempt to escape from Alcatraz has been foiled. ‘‘The Rock’’ was apparently well chosen as a place for the safe keeping of dangerous men. Warden Johnson understands his business without rushing into print with every incident that happens. Tihe undesirable social fringe universally loves exploitation in the press. When a criminal goes to “the Rock”’ for the term of his sentence, he might just as well have been interred. Silence envelopes ihim so far as the outside world is concerned. One thing that has not yet received a satisfactory answer in the courts is whether or not an employer may dismiss an unsatisfactory employe if that employe be a member of a union. The Hollywood Citizen-News dismissed three members of the editorial staff. The entire staff belonged to the Guild, ‘a CIO affiliate. A strike was called and demand made that the three ‘be re-instated. The publisher insisted it was this perogative to hire and [fite as the need arose in the conduct of his business. The newspaper appears regularly but the strike is still on. Who is to determine when an employe is fired for incompetence and when for unton activity? May an employer discharge an habitual drunkard who is also a member of a labor union? Must an employer take a chance, on discharging an insubordiate employe, on being ordered to reinstate him because he is a member of a union? Some court, somewhere, should settle these questions. North San Juan will this year observe Memorial Day. The old cemetery there contains the mortal part of many a soldier, many a pioneer, who served with honor his country in peace or war. The patient dead, neglected for. many a decade, many of them at least, if they may look down “from the windows of heaven, will be glad to be remembered again, to see their graves again abloom witi flowers. The staff of life in “Old Cathay” is rice, even as wheat is with the Occidental world. Rice is probably the most inexpensive food in China, yet millions are so destitute as a result of the ruthless Japanese invasion that they perish for the lack of a few grains of this cereal daily. The sorest spot on this earth is China. The Bowl of Rice Ball, coming June 17, will provide every one who holds.within himself a bit\of the milk of human kindness an opportunity to succor some starving Chinese woman or ihild. Let it not pass. Los Angeles reaches into every nook and corner of the country seeking vacation patronage), A cireular just received pictures the many kinds of recreation that may be enjoyed there. Fifty years ago Los Angeles was little more than a squalid village. It was dusty, dirty, windy in summer, muddy and foggy in winter. It has never had a climate to compare with that of Santa Barbara or Ventura. But a Man-made metamorphosis has taken place. Trees, spacious lawns, gardens, wide paved streets have cooled the temperature in summer and made the winters far pleasanter. Advertising has brought more people with money each year who have contributed to more advertising to bring moré people. Advertising Los Angeles in Nevada county, however, we suspect is thrown away. Who would leave this beautiful country to spend a vacation in Los Angeles? The largest summer attendance of Bey Seouts at Camp Pahatsi in its brief history is confidently predicted for this season by Harris Ricksecker, * region scout executive. Last winter . . established a new record for winter attendance at the boy’s lodge in the high Sierras. Pahatsi is a paradise for youth. Those who contributed the money and built the camp are public benefactors in a splendid way. Miss Florence Genasci and Mrs. A. W. Hoge spent Tuesday in Sacramento on a business and pleasure trip. Nevada Cit COVERS RICHEST GOLD AREA IN CALIFORNIA Nugget in The Liberty of the Press consists with good. motives and for —justifiable ends, — Alexander Hamilton . From the Californian, March 15, 1848: the right to publish the Truth, _ Vol. 12, No. 43. _The ‘County Seat Paper NEVADA CITY, CALIFORNIA ~The cc Center FRIDAY, MAY 27, 1938. ROTARY IS TOLD OF REVOLUTION IN OLD MEXICO Ralph Everett, history professor in the Sacramento Junior College, yesterday gave the Rotary. club at luncheon a brief outline of Mexican revolutions, painting a vivid background for the present unrest in that country and the fundamental reasons for expropirations of foreign oil land holdings, mines, ranches, etc. It was not until thirty years after the American Revolution that its repercussions began to be felt in Mexico, Mr. Everett said. Then a priest revolted both against the rules of his:ehureh and laws of the state and attempted to upset tthe feudalistic system whilch had been imposed by the conquistadores upon the native Indian population in the sixteenth century. This revolution, like all revolutions since, was intended to restore to the Indians some of the rights and natural resources such as mines, and lands, whiich had passed into the hands of the Spanish people, consisting of about 20 per cent of the population. The condition of the Indian people, whith have their own very_marked culture, has for some centuries been that of slaves, through “‘peons’”’ is the word more generally used. To an American they would mean practically the same thing. Peons lived on the land of the great haciendas and were passed down from generation ,to generation along with the land to those that inherited it. They were generally in debt and their children inherited. their debts, because all that they bought was purchased from the hacienda stores. Tine names of Iturbe, Juarez and others illumine the long history of revolution in Mexico. For forty years Porfirio Diaz ruled the country with an iron hand, and his picture along with that of Santa Ana does, not hang on walls of ‘Mexico’s temple of fame in Mexico City. The Mexicans do not honor the memory of those two. The effort President Cardenas is making today is primarily to restore to the 95 per cent of the population the economic rights that were lost to their ancestors 400 years ago. : FANDANGO, BULL FIGHTS: FOR 4TH CELEBRATION Enthusiasm prevailed at a Fourth of July committee meeting held in the city hall at Nevada City by President Fred E. Conner and his committee Tuesday evening. It was tentatively planned to make the event a celebration of the 90th birthday of Nevada City. Nevada City was then under Mexican rule and the celebration will have a Mexican motif with a fandango as closely resembling those old itime Mexican events -as possible. George Gildersleeve was chosen chairman of the committee. It will be a three day celebration with Saturday night, July second, turned over to E Clampus Vitus. On Sunday there will be patriotic exercises and Monday July Fourth, the big parade will take place. Instead of the usual soliciting of funds from ‘busifess houses and citizens it is planned to hold a big: bene+ fit dance and barbecue in Pioneers park Sunday, June 12. Ht has been suggested as attractions for the afternoon, a baseball game, Bast Side of Nevada City vs. West Side; Mexian bull. fight with gaudily dressed torredores, and other amusements to draw a large crowd. Banner Mt. Post V. F. W. will take an active part in the benefit barbecue pienic and dance, The plans are subject tg the approval of the Chamber of Commerce at its next meeting, the committee of Tuesday evening having been .instructed to report on plans for a July Fourth celebration. BUDDY POPPIES Max Weiss veteran and member of Banner Mt. Post, V. F. W. has been selected chairman of the committee which will sell Buddy Poppies in Nevada City Saturday, Sunday and Monday. About 1000 poppies. were sent to Mr. Weiss to sell. The flowers are made by disabled veterans and the money received from their sale is used to make life more worth while for disabled veterans, NO ISSUE OF NUGGET ON MEMORIAL DAY Memorial Day falls on next Monday and the Nevada City Nugget with other business houses will be closed. There will be no issue of the Nugget on that day. Banks and public offices will also be closed. EUGENE TUCKER LEAVES FOR SOUTH AFRICA Mr and M.rs. Eugene Tucker and two little daughters will depart on the train from Colfax today for O’OKiep, Namaqualand, mining district in South Africa where Mr. Tucker will join the staff of Superintendent George Kervin. Mr. Kervin is reopening the O’OKiep Copper Co., Ltd. property .for the Newmont Interests. Mr. and Mrs. "Arthur Elliott and son.left here about a year ago and are at the ‘mine also. Mr. and Mrs. Tucker’ will sail from New York for Capetown about three weeks ocean voyage. Winter ‘has just started there. There is about six or seven inches of rainfall for the season. It is considered a healthful place, the elevation is 3,000 feet. The mine is between 200 and 300 miles north of Capetown. Mr. Tucker, born and reared in Nevada City, attended the local schools and graduated from University of Nevada at Reno in 1930. He has been employed. at the Murehie mine ever since completing school and is one of the faithful and trusted employees. The men employed with Mr. Tucker at the Murchie mine presented him with a 21 jewel Waltham wrist watch yesterday in token of their love and esteem. The entire community wishes this splendid young couple bon voyage and a safe journey and much prosperity. Mr. Tucker loves this district and spoke of this returning at the expiration of his three years contract with the mine. _ Mr. Tucker’s mother, Mrs. Anna C. Tucker and brother, Robert Tucker, reside in Nevada City.UNIFIED SCHOOL SYSTEM ADOPTED FOR NEV. CITY The Nevada City Board of Education has announced that beginning the new fiscal year, July 1, a unified school district will ‘be established with a superintendent of schools, and a vice principal each fomthe high school and the elementary school. The board has appointed H. E. Kjorlie, ‘superintendent of the unified distrcit. Mrs. Eva Flewellan ihas been named vice ‘principal of* the high school. The post of vice principal of ithe elementary school was offered to Walter.Carlson but he declined and has tendered his resignation. Many friends of Mr. Carlson will regret his departure from the schools of this city where ‘he has served so long and faithfully. Mrs. Flewellan has a host of friends who rejoice with ther in her advancement to a post of more responsibility. She is regarded as not only a teacher of fine achievement, but also a very capable administrator. The appointment of Mr. Kjorlie to the superintendency of the unified school district will relieve the school board of much of clerical work which has become increasingly_ burdensome with the growth of the two school systems. Tihe enviable record ‘Mr. Kjorlie as principal of the high school, in the opinion of his many friends warrants his promolin to a larger sphere. Tihe teachers whose contracts for the ensuing school year were renewed are as follows: ELEMENTARY STAFF Miss Gertrude Goyne, Mrs. Doris Foley, Miss Savory Ford, Miss Ruth Tamblyn, Mrs. Mabel Flindt, Mrs. Mary Warnecke, Miiss Ruth Hogan, Miss Virgihia Ramm, Miss Helen Chapman, Miss Winifred Grant, Mrs.

Elza Kilroy, Wallace Leslie, Mrs. Isabelle Hefelfinger (school nurse); Mrs. C. A. Libbey (superintendent music and choral.) : HIGH SCHOOL STAFF High school teaching staff: Mrs. Eva Flewellen, Beverly Barron, Miss MEMORIAL DAY — PROGRAMS IN NC. AND N. SAN JUAN ‘Banner Mt. Post,. No. 2655,.VFW have made plans for the observance of Memorial Day both in Nevada City and North San Juan, InNevada City the school children will parade to Pine Grave cemetery, Start at 10 o’clock at the Methodist church. Thé Grass Valley high school band and the American Legion will take part in the parade and alSo the Canadian Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars. At the cemetery a program will be given with Attorney Frank Finnegan as speaker of the day. The ladies auxiliary will conduct a program at the Catholic cemetery on West Broad street. Miss Jean Hawkins will recite the poem, ‘Flanders Fields‘‘-at the Pine Grove and San <Juan cemeteries. All lodges have’ been invited to participate in this memorial service. THREE CARS COLLIDE ON TOWN TALK HILL ee NE tals Vernon Mathensen was injured in a three car collision at Town Talk on Wednesday night suffering a head cut, bruised ribs and bruised leg. At nine o’clock Wednesday night a car driven by Robert Hill, with his wife and son, enroute to Nevada City collided with the car of Fred McArthur, going to Grass Valley. The left front wheels of the two cars hooked together and were pulled into the center of the highway. Hills car went down the, highway for about fifty feet and then stopped. Directly behind was the car of Vernon Mathensen of Nevada City, McArthur’s car cut across the path of the Mathensen car and struck it. All three cars were considerably damaged. Chief of Police Garfield Robson and Night Watchman James Allen upon receiving word of the accident immediately.went to the scene. Mathensen was taken to Dr. Hummelt’s office for treatment. FORTY POUNDS OF FISH; $100 FINE Captain A. H. Willard arrested Herman Gunfle, president of Rathjen Bros., Ins., of San Francisco in Sacramento ‘May 15 with 40 pounds of trout in his possession. The arrested man had caught them in Lake Tahoe and was returning to the bay region when arrested. His case was brought before Judge Orr in Sacramento and he was fined $100. The limit on fish is ten pounds. Captain Willard states fishing is good at Lake Tahoe. Earl Hiscox, fish and game commission, states fishing is improving throughout the local areas and fly fishing is just coming in. Last week he saw ten fine trout taken from Wolf Creek southeast of Grass Valley. He warns everyone that roads and trails into the high mountains remain closed with deep snows and trees. Last week he walked 24 miles through snow to the Bowman-Lake Fuller region and found the snow deep and many trees across the roads, some of the trees are six feet thick. The officers stated good catches are being made in Bloody Run, Grizzy Canyon, Glide Creek, Deer Creek, Scotts Flat Dam and many other places. CAMP FIRE NOTES The Wowake Group will hold their regular weekly meéting, on Friday, May 27, at the home*of Mrs. L. B. Gregory on the Tahoe Ukiah highway. Plans and discussions will ‘be held on future Doughnut Drives and candy sale to be given by the group. All members are asked to atténd this important meeting, The Council Fire to be held Friday evening has been postponed till a future date. Nell Baggley, Henry Hobbie, Miss Esther Tremaine, Robert Burke, Miss Thelma Peterson, Miss Thelma McKnight, Miss Margaret Rector, Mrs. Isabel Hefelfinger (hygiene and health), Mrs. Marian-Libbey (superA newspaper picture purporting to show one of the deputies in action during the battle with CIO pickets on the Murchie road, was introduced in the trial of five accused of rioting, now going forward in the superior court. A clipping of the picture was permitted by Judge Tuttle to be ‘filed with the provision that it be properly identified. Deputy Sheriff Woods admitted that the picture was of himself but declared it did not give a true picture of the scene in which he was an actor. Attorney Resner for the defense, attempted to show that so long as the witness identified himself. in the picture, it could be introduced in evidence, but the judge ruled the picture must first be identified legally. Attorney Anderson, admitted that the defense might not be able to produce the original negative or photograph. Woods testified that he saw Spear sitting on Frank Misner and beating him with his fist When the tear gas got thick he ‘tried to pull Misner out of the melee and someone jumped on his (Woods’) back. Prior to the tear gas episode he stated he saw Henry Yuen try to put’ a lighted match in the tank of one of the first cars in the procession. : The jury finally ‘chosen Wednesday to try five men accused of rioting on January 20 consists of Hubert H. Hubbard, miner, Grass Valley; John Culver, retired, French Corral; Mrs. Bessie Butler, housewife, Wolf Creek district; Gertrude Lanz, Tahoe Ukiah highway, housewife; Dr. L. W. Harden, Wolf district, retired; Rolfe Buffington, Downieville road, miner; Thos. Osborne, Grass Valley; butcher; George P. Still, Lime Kiln, farmer; Mrs. Bertha Hargrave,Nevada City, house-. wife; Leonora — Salisbury, Soda Springs, housewife; Bernard Maguire, Liberty Hill, placer miner; Martha Key, Nevada City, housewife. Tihe witnesses examined Wednesday and yesterday weré first, Sheriff Tobiassen, and deputies Car] Larsen, William Woods and a special deputy Frank Misner and John Muscardini. Sheriff Tobiassen gave a straightforward account of the rioting on the Murchie imine road near its junction with the Red Dog road, on the morning of January 20, when the Murchie miners were escorted through the picnet lines by the sheriff and his deputies. said he.fohnd the pickets in mass formation; warned them to disperse. The men refused to do so. He thad a conference with the pickets, and into this conference Scott Erwin and two others entered. The sheriff said he told Erwin to mind this own business. Tobiassen said that when the caravan of Murchie miners arrived they entered the Murchieroad and stopped when the first car reached the pickets massed in the road and along the banks of the cut. He stated that Circle, Yuen and Vasion were in front of the car. It was then that he ordered thé pickets to disperse. ‘Miisner testified that he had seen Circle “attempting with others to overturn Orzalli’s car, the first in the caravan, and that he had seen Yuen with a two pound coffee can throwing water on the jengine of ‘the car. Misner finally ived a blow that put him out and when he came to he was being given first aid treatment. On cross examination the was asked at some length regarding a package of pick handles that had been deposited somewhere in the vicinity but declared he .did not know who had brought them there. As with other witnesses the defense attorneys tried .to_ establish through Carl Larsen, deputy sheriff, when he took the stand, that there had been consultation between the Murchie mine management and the sheriff. Little headway was made in that direction. Larsen substantially corroborated the testimony of the other witnesses. He told of being knocked off his feet by a rock which Sheriff Tobiassen had stated was hurled by Zdrich. The defendants, Roy Staton, C. BE. Circle, Henry Yuen, Peter Zdrich and. James Vasion displayed keen interest in thé passage between the sheriff and Attorney Anderson and in the courtproceedings generally. The sheriff said: “Mr. Circle said: intendent choral music.) Five Peace Officers . Testify In Trial Of Alleged Rioters The sheriff} We will die first! President Roosevelt is behind us. We will stand on our constitutional rights’. “T saw Mr. Vasion pick up a rock. Deputy Dick Rafferty warned him to put it down. Several of them grabbed Beno’ Orzalli’s car and started to pick it up. Circle said: ‘Tip the damn thing over. They won’t go through!’ I saw Mr. Yuen throw water on the engine of the car. Woods, Larsen, and Misner stepped on the running board of the car and held it down. Next, I saw Misner struck on the neck and go down.” (The sentence, on motion of Defense Attorney Anderson, was ordered stricken out.) “I saw Vasion,” the sheriff con-— tinued, “throw a rock through the windshield of Orzalli’s car and strike Frank Buster: in an eye. I saw Mr. Staton.on the west bank of the road. He hit me in the solar plexus with a rock. I then went down. and .got @ load of gas. After again warning them to leave I threw a gas bomb into the midst of them. I called upon the highway patrol to assist me. I called out the riot guns. “T saw Yuen throw two or three rocks in the direction of the afficers. The rocks varied from the size of a turkey egg to the size of my fist.’’ Attorney Anderson interposed objection. after objection, to much of Tobiassen’s testimony, Superior Judge Tuttle constantly ‘was called upon to sustain or overrule Anderson’s objections. Testimony regarding the affray outside of that concerning the defendants was ruled out. Anderson objected to the sherift’s reference to the affray as a “‘fight’’. He suggested it ‘be referred to as an “oecurrence.’’ The request was beled ed by Judge Tuttle. While Tobiassen was under cross examination, Attorney Anderson rTre‘quested he be permitted to question the sheriff in order to show he cooperated with the Murchie mine management in escorting. what Anderson termed ‘ strike breakers” back to work. £ 5 ape The district attorney’s objection on the ground it was not within the scope of direct examination and also immaterial, incompetent and irrelevant was sustained by Judge Tuttle. “Igsn’t it a fact,” Anderson then asked, “you met with a group of ‘Murchie men {and told them you would escort them to the Murchia mine shaft?’’ “1 did not,‘‘ Tobiassen replied. “I told them I would maintain an open road policy”’ “Between the 17th on 20th of January did you have a_ conversation with any one in an official capacity at the Murchie mine, the Empire Star Company, Ltd, or the Newmont Mining Company, about escorting men onto the Murchie property?” District Attorney Stoll again objected, but Tobiassen already had. answered: “No sir.” Andersqn then made tha state. ment: ““T am going to show this man (he pointed his finger at Tobiassen) started the riot. He went out there with cars loaded with rifles, pistols, tear gas, and riot guns and about forty deputies. I want to show why he took off his\wrist watch from his wrist while everything was quiet and placed it in a safe\spot.’’ Tobiassen admitted. he had hae told the Murchie miners would te ~ turn to work the morning ‘of biearince 20th. The sheriff was the cab witness on the stand during Wednésday’s proceedings. The gelection of the jury was completed:.shortly befora — noon. It is composed of seven men ~ and five women. — ‘Mr. and Mrs. George Hallock of Alleghany left Sacramento yesterday on the streamline train for New York where they will remain a month. Mr. Hallock will attend to some business and the remainder of the time will be spent Betecii., ing. iets t: Mrs. Ella M. Austin, county. f erintendent of Schools, a graduation exercises * : grammar school last eve speaker of the @ evening 3 ‘Boys, we can’t let them go through!