September 16, 1943 (4 pages)

The Nugget is delivered to your home twice a week for only 30 cents per month : . “God grants liberty only to those who wht it, and are teady to guard and defend it.”—Daniel Webster Nevada ity N ugget COVERS RICHEST GOLD AREA IN CALIFORNIA . This paper gives your complete . coverage of all local happenings. If you want to read about your friends, your neighbors, read The Nugget. The Couey Seat Paper aiiaabaians “The Geld Center THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, Vol. 17, No. 73. Thinking . > Our Loud By H. M. L. The writer was pleased and a 4 little surprised at a meeting of . the California Hydraulic ‘Miners Association recently to hear the vice president, William Wilson of Forest Hill take a firm stand for one of the fundamental principles of American democracy, in a word, for self.reliance. He. declared, in effect, that it was about time to quit asking favors of the federal government and to return’ to private capltal, or if necessary appeal to the etate, for financing major improvements of regional character. Coming as it did from an officjal of an organization which assumes it has been one of the chief beneficiaries of a paternal, openhanded and free spending federal government, it was a little surprising. The debris dams have been wholly financed by the federal government under the pretext that in time they would pay ‘for themselves. It is a pretext so far as the taxpayers are concerned because we have never yet known any money collected bythe federal government to be returned to tax payers. The money for storage of gravel wastes in hydraulic mining will be collected, we haven’t a doubt. Uncle Sam is a champion collector, but it will go into a common poi, the U. S. Treasury, and be expended again without one iota of relief to the tax payer, unless the history of such projects is altogether false. The dam at the Yuba Narrows, ironically enough, principally benefits the Pacific Gas and Electric (Company, just as the dam at Keswick will do, and just as the dam that stores the waters of Hetch ‘ Hetohy has done for a great many years. The only other beneficiary at the moment, that we can recall is the Relief Hill “Mining Company which was doing a very fine job of extracting gold from its gravels long before the Yuba Narrows Dam was conceived. That the Pacific Gas and Electric Company thus far seems to have been the largest beneficiary of federal dam building, despite the agonized yips of Secretary of the Interior Ickes, is one of the New Deal paradoxes. The forgotten man, the little fellow, is atill only remembered by the tax ‘col. lector. It may be said that placer mining as an industry cannot now . take advantage. of the debris dams erected for it, because of the war. This is true. But there was a year or two before the war began that hydraulickers might have used the Yuba Narrows dam, . but they did not, and why? Sim. ply because they were. standing . on one leg only. They had the dam, to be sure, but they had no water to work their gravels with. And water, since the Caminetti act. went into effect, has doubled and tripled in value. If storage dams are erected to take care of flood waters and to provide water for the monitors the cost may } easily two or three times the cost of the debris dams, because { they have to be built in the high mountains, high enough to pro. vide water for high altitude gravel beds. That means expensive roads and increased costs of transporting materials. Due entirely to wastes of war and the presumable world-wide demand for gold, it is very probable that the price of gold will be greatly increased, the dollar reduced in value, and, by just the measure of the reduction, the national debt depreciated and cut at the expense of the bond holders. In that event it is more than likely that private capital will find a way to bring water to the gold gravels. Owners of gravel deposits will not have trouble financing water storage dams, if the price of gold makes it worth while, and this we submit emphatically, the dams ought not to be built unless they are worth while. THREE BOYS ARE CHARGED WITHBURGLARY Three young boys were yesterday certified to juvenile court by Justice of the Peace George: Gildersleeve on a charge of burglarizing the V Coffee Shop of Summit, Nevada County. It is charged that the trio entered the coffee shop on the night of September 10 and stole approximately $300 in cash. On descriptiofis furnished Sacramento police they -were apprehended in that city the next day. They were returned to Truckee where Deputy Sheriff Thomas Dolley obtained confessions from them and they were yesterday lodged in the Nevada County jail. All of them were 15 years old, or younger and stated their was in Ohio. This makes the third group of youngsters, 10 in all, who have been apprehended near Truckee within a month and charged with crime, shortly after they. entered California from eastern points. NEVADA COUNTY BAND TO PLAY There will be an outdoor gathering in the garden of the Grass Valley (IMethodist Church tomorrow evening lat which the Nevada County Band, under the baton of John Blamey, will play a number of selections. Howard Bennetts, chairman of the Third Loan Drive, will have a booth on the grounds at which bonds will be offered ‘for sale. The Lamplighters, a group of business women recently organized in the ,Methodist Church, will provide’ pies, cakes, sandwiches, tea and coffee, for which a nominal sum will be charged. The public has been invited to this affair. SUPERVISORS BUY WAR BONDS The Nevada County Board of Supervisors at a special meeting Tuesday authorized the purchase of $29,000 of victory bonds. These are to be deposited with the county treas) urer and counted the’ same as cash. The board also authorized a ‘con‘tract with the Public Roads Administration for the construction of an access road into the Spanish Mine. Work on this road is now in. progress. A list of ‘“‘frills’’ which laundries ia ‘cleaners and linen supply establishments may eliminate without a reduction in their retail prices was announced ‘today by the Office of Price Administration. This action, to achieve substantial economies and to conserve materials, machinery and manpower, means that such “frills’’ part of a laundry service as starching flatwork; the use of shirt boards, shirt envelopes, cellophane wrappings and ‘tissue box linings; reducing of flatwork; and sewing of buttons on underwear and pajamas may be discontinued without a reduction in the price of the service. = But until water can be made available for hydraulic uses, the debris dams will stand there useless so far as the hydraulic mining industry is concerned, a monument to congressional vote trading, a monument to an era in United States history, when congress, Republicans and Democrats alike, abetited a president on a hog wild spending spree. The only way another epoch of free and easy spending with the credit of the United States in jeopardy, can be helated, is for every ithinking citizens to demand that all public improvements be financed by private capital or by local taxation, either counties or states. That will put an end to congressional bacon toters. That is what we think Mr. Wilson of Forest Hill meant, when he spoke out in meeting of the California Hylraulic Miners Association. birthplace! ‘FALLOFITALY © SIGNAL TO BUY MORE BONDS. The fall of Italy—end of round one in World War II—is the signal for even heavier purchases of war bonds, for there’s a hard war and a costly one yet to be fought. This was the spirit of a statement issued by Charles R. Page, chairman of the Northern California War Finance Committee, as the Third War ‘Loan Drive got underway last week, twenty four hours after Italy’s unconditional surrender was announced. ; Page’s full statement declared: “The Third War Loan Drive opens at the most epochal hour of World War IiI—Italy’s surrender. “Re rejoice at the news, but let it cause no letdown in our response to Uncle Sam’s call in this gigantic money-raising campaign. “Ttaly’s surrender does not mean that we need one cent less than the full 15 billions asked for by Uncle Sam to finance the war to victory. In truth, it means that we . need we ever needed it before. , “Let every American take advantage of this opportuuity to show his gratitude to our hard-fighting armed forees by backing the Third War Loan to the limit—by investing every dollar at his command in war bonds’’. Page pointed out that Northern California is expected to rease $24,000,000 from non-banking sources as . its share of the 15. billion dollars . ‘Uncle Sam wants in this Third War Loan Drive. Even as his statement was issued, heavy war bond purchases got under . way. Standard Oil Company of na fornia announced total’ bond we] chases of $15,200,000 with the larg-} est single item—-$3,850,000—to go. into the Northern California drive. ! Employees of Sierra Candy Co. of ‘. San Francisco went over their quota . and are goal. on the drive’s first day shooting at a still higher DEER HUNTERS GIVEN WARNING OF HAZARDS A warning note to all deer hunters who expect to pursue their favorite sport in the forest and woodlands this season was sounded today by Supervisor Guerdon Ellis of the Tahoe National Forest. The forest floors are tinder dry due to the lack of early fall rains, so a fire once started is not only extremely difficult to control but represents a direct blow to our war efforts. Fires destroy timber which could be used for boats, bridges, barracks and crates. Patriotic hunters, warns. Ellis, should be certain before leaving the camp that all fires are dead out, Further, patriotic hunters wil} not smoke except at places of habitation or at specially designated posted areas. Old timers, adds Ellis, can be of valuable assistance to the forest service by training newcomers to the sport of buck hunting, in the careful use of fire and tobacco while in the woods. A particularly significant warning at this time when many soldiers are on maneuvers in the forest is added to the above by Supervisor Ellis. Be sue that buck you sight is not a buck private! SCHOOL BUSES ON DUTY NEXT MONDAY Beginning Monday morning, September 20th the following bus schedules will accommodate students of the elementary and high schools of Nevada City. : The usual morning schedules will prevail with the bus arriving in the Willow Valley, Gold Flat, Murchie Road, North san Juan, Indian Flat and Lake Vera areas. In the afternoon the bus will leave the schools in Nevada City as usual time and go to Willow Valley, Murchie Road, Gold Flat, Lake Vera, Indian Flat and North San Juan. Leonhard Johnson former Nevada City police officer now employed in war work is enjoying his vacation in Nevada City. NEVADA CITY, CALIFORNIA every cent of that amount more than! =e SURGICAL DRESSINGS.UNIT AWAITS SUPPLY ter, surgical dressings units will be closed until further notice awaiting ‘the arrival of the September quota of material which is; on the road. Delivery is expectdd. t any time. « The volunteer. workers have just completed the last shipment which consisted of 18,000 4x4’s and 30,000 . 2x2‘s making a total of 48,000 dress‘ings completed and ready for shipment. Every woman volunteer worked diligently to help finish the shipment at this early date, and it is hoped that when the work opens again with lin a few days the attendance will be larger than ever as the new shipment will consist of 30,000 2x2‘s. It is with regret that the chapter loses Mrs. Josephine Savage, wife of Col. Savage and a diligent and cooperative worker whoonly this week left to live in Marysville. The vacancy will be filled on Thursday ;by Mrs .Rumbaugh who has thad experience in surgical dressing work }and is well qualified to fill the vacjancy. It is hoped that the wives of . army personnel will continue to help with the work on Thursdays. . On Saturday, September 25th the {high school girls wishing to assist ‘with surgical dressing work will find ‘the rooms open from 9 a. m._until 12 noon. TOTTEN FOUND GUILTY. SECOND DEGREE MURDER ' After deliberating almost three hours, the jury sitting in the trial of William Totten, charged with shootling Harvey MecVean to death July 15th, found the defendant guilty of second degree murder. Totten gave himself up shortly after killing ‘McVean, surrendering himself and his small bore shotgun jin the sheriff’s office. He pleaded lself defense. His story told freely to . District Attorney Ward Sheldon on }the following day, differed some‘what from his statement on the witness st@nd. Sheldon, ‘in making his argument to the jury, called attention to a discrepancy regarding the exact spot where the; shooting took place. Totten in his first statement gave one place in Mrs. Mary Field’s ‘backyard, and in his evidence on the stand, another. Sheldon proved that his first statement was correct, according to the testimony of Dr. Carl Jones, who found blood spots on a piece of sheet metal at the point in ‘the yard, that Totten had first said he did the shooting. This discrepancy between his first statement and his testimony on the stand was significant, the’ district attorney said, for the reason that in his statement on the stand, Totten told of being backed up against a pile of lumber by McVean during the fatal argument, whereas at the spot where blood was first found, there was nothing to be backed up against. The testimony of Mrs. Mary Field, aged aunt of Totten, the district attorney. also stressed as having an important bearing on the question of who had been the aggressor. She had Stated that when Totten and McVean had left the house, after Totten had threatened to kill both herself and McVean, she had fled down ther front yard screaming to her neighbors for helf, after locking the ‘back door against Totten. Alphonse Matthews, who was associated with George E. Foote, both Sacramento attorneys, made the elosing argument for ‘the defense. He called attention to the evidence that indicated that MeVean had at times shown a certain contempt for Totten, even, according to one witness, accusing him of trying to get his aunt’s property. This, declared ‘Matthews, had ‘built up an animosity in Totten’s mind against McVean and a fear that McVean, being a large muscular man, might do him bodily harm. Driven by fear and resentment, the attorney declared, Totten had believed himself in uhysical danger and had shot in sedf defense. Totten appeared in court this (Continued On Page Two) & The Nevada City Red Cross Chap-, ‘ERIC ENLUND OF FOREST REOPENS. MUGWUMP MINE By EDW. C. UREN Mr. and Mrs. Eric Enlund and son of Forest were visitors here the first of the wtek. Mr. Enlund is a practical underground miner of wide experience and is now engaged in reopening the old Mugwump Tunnel just south of Forest. The Mugwump owes its first development to gravel, which was first mined in 1852. The channel was being breasted in 1894 under the direction of the late Wade Armstrong of this city and was unusually rich in coarse gold along the slate bedrock. But where the channel latter entered the serpentine belt the greasy nature of the bedrock tended to prevent the lodgment of the gold and the gravel proved to be unprofitable to work. In the exploitation of the gravel, at 1700 feet from the portal of the tunnel, a well defined quartz ledge was encountered which was followed for 600 feet and a shaft was sunk on it to a depth of 235 feet. The vein being 3 feet between walls and opened up to within 200 feet of the shaft, which he will proceed .to unwater as soon as he reaches. He is handicapped at present on account of not being able to secure “power from the electric company and making arrangements to operate with water power and Pelton wheels this coming winter. ARMY HOSPITAL BUILDINGS NEAR COMPLETION AUBURN, Sept. 16.—Col. William H. Smith, commanding officer at the Army ‘Gdneral Wospital announces the ‘headquarters office will move Friday into a temporary office which is being prepared for them in one of the new buildings on the hosis pital grounds. All buildings are nearing completion and equipment is being placed in position in some of the buildings. Each of the buildings on the hospital grounds will be interconnected with concrete ‘ covered walks. Progress is being made on the water filtration, sewage and heating plants. Equipment is being placed in the large kitchens where all meals for the 1,700 tients will be prepared. The cold ? en plant which adjoins the kitchen is being insulated with special packing. Those who want employment at the hospital are requested to file applications addressed to the comcanding officer, Government General Hospital, Auburn, Calif., giving their qualifications with preference of work. Col. Smith reports his office has more than 200 applications now on file and applicants will be called and interviewed as their services are needed. Lt. Col. John C. Burr who will be chief of general services for the hos‘pital reported for duty at the government hospital last week. Lt. Col. Burr has had 23 years of service in the regular army. He has a wife, 3 boys and one girl. They are residing at the Freeman Hotel while searching for a place to live. GRASS VALLEY TAX RATE 80c The Grass Valley City Council has set the city tax rate for 1943-1944 at 80 cents per $100 of assessed valuation. The rate is divided as follows: general fund 40 cents, library fund 20 cents and street improvement bonds 20 cents. The report of City Treasurer William Garland revealed a balance in the bank to city’s credit of $19,083.94. MOSHER IN AGAIN Thomas Mosher, who recently completed a six months term in the offense in Justice of the Peace George Gildersleeve’s court, and was sentenced to another 30 days. in places high grade, especially where it. flanttens in dip. Mr. Enlund now has the tunnel} county jail for disturbing the peace, . yesterday pleaded guilty to the same PEA 1 16,1943 ITALY COLLAPSE. OFFERS PROBLEM INPOLITICS By CLEM WHITAKER You may not have thought of Italy’s sudden surrender in terms of politics, but think again! Actually, the abrupt collapse of the Roman Empire is likely to have tremendous political repercussions, * both in international affairs, and in the forthcoming presidential election, here at home. The international aspect of the situation involves the very sensitive relationship between three of themajor powers in the United Nations alignment — the United States and. Great Britain, on the one hand, and Soviet Russia, on the other. What kind of government will be set up in Italy to supplant its former Fascist dictatorship? Will it be a democracy, patterned after that in this country? Will it be a limited monarchy (although actually a democracy) resembling that of the British Empire, with-a king as a é6ymbol, but with a parliament elected by the people? Or will Russia make its influence felt—and will a communist State succeed the Fascist: state which has crumbled. That is tht international political significance of the problem presented © by Italy’s unconditional surrender. And on how Russia and Britain and the United States handle the teuchy question—on whether they are able to handle it amicably——-may well de-pend on the solidarity of the United Nations in the final phase of the war. The people of Italy, of course, will be expected to choose their own form of government, and élect their own leaders, in the final analysis— but how much influence will the “big three’’ in the United Nations bring to bear, and will they agree on how far to go and where to stop? ‘That’s the question. At home the political significance of the victory is that Italy’s surrender has brought the close of the Eu-, ropean phase of the war much near-. er to reality. And the full import of ‘that is this: Republican leaders con-_ tend that if the European war is . over by May or June of next year, ‘Republican chances of victory in the : presidential fight next November. . will be greatly enhanced! With Germany and Italy out of the war, they assert, the old argument against switching horses in the middle of the. stream will lost much of its potency — —as the people will then feel that both Britain and the United States can concentrate their full forces in the Pacific and make comparatively short work of Japan. Under such conditions, say the G. O. P. leaders, a Willkie, or a Dewey,a Bricker, or a Warren, might have a top-notch chance of beating Roosevelt, with domestic issues determining the outcome. : Premier Marshal Badoglio probably wasn’t thinking much about. politics when he threw in the towel, , but actually he injected a brand new . element into the whole political situation, both at home and abroad. COSTSOFWAR OF GIGANTIC PROPORTIONS Here, picked at random, are a few of the gigantic costs of war which must be met by the Third War Loan Drive: i It is now costing nearly $100,000,000 a day more to equip our men and take care of other war ex= ~~ penditures than we were spending a year ago. Cartridges, used by the milene cost 3 cents each. : Steel helmets cost $3.75 and every fighting man must have one. ; (Machine guns range in price frog : $275 to $900. ; Planes, now being produced at rate of approximately 7,000 a month. cost from $3,000 for the to $500,000 for a big bomber. — A destroyer escort, vital in syroleasy warfare, ¢ The most expensit — Sin 900, ls

The Nugget is delivered to your home twice a week for only 30 cents per month : . “God grants liberty only to those who wht it, and are teady to guard and defend it.”—Daniel Webster Nevada ity N ugget COVERS RICHEST GOLD AREA IN CALIFORNIA . This paper gives your complete . coverage of all local happenings. If you want to read about your friends, your neighbors, read The Nugget. The Couey Seat Paper aiiaabaians “The Geld Center THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, Vol. 17, No. 73. Thinking . > Our Loud By H. M. L. The writer was pleased and a 4 little surprised at a meeting of . the California Hydraulic ‘Miners Association recently to hear the vice president, William Wilson of Forest Hill take a firm stand for one of the fundamental principles of American democracy, in a word, for self.reliance. He. declared, in effect, that it was about time to quit asking favors of the federal government and to return’ to private capltal, or if necessary appeal to the etate, for financing major improvements of regional character. Coming as it did from an officjal of an organization which assumes it has been one of the chief beneficiaries of a paternal, openhanded and free spending federal government, it was a little surprising. The debris dams have been wholly financed by the federal government under the pretext that in time they would pay ‘for themselves. It is a pretext so far as the taxpayers are concerned because we have never yet known any money collected bythe federal government to be returned to tax payers. The money for storage of gravel wastes in hydraulic mining will be collected, we haven’t a doubt. Uncle Sam is a champion collector, but it will go into a common poi, the U. S. Treasury, and be expended again without one iota of relief to the tax payer, unless the history of such projects is altogether false. The dam at the Yuba Narrows, ironically enough, principally benefits the Pacific Gas and Electric (Company, just as the dam at Keswick will do, and just as the dam that stores the waters of Hetch ‘ Hetohy has done for a great many years. The only other beneficiary at the moment, that we can recall is the Relief Hill “Mining Company which was doing a very fine job of extracting gold from its gravels long before the Yuba Narrows Dam was conceived. That the Pacific Gas and Electric Company thus far seems to have been the largest beneficiary of federal dam building, despite the agonized yips of Secretary of the Interior Ickes, is one of the New Deal paradoxes. The forgotten man, the little fellow, is atill only remembered by the tax ‘col. lector. It may be said that placer mining as an industry cannot now . take advantage. of the debris dams erected for it, because of the war. This is true. But there was a year or two before the war began that hydraulickers might have used the Yuba Narrows dam, . but they did not, and why? Sim. ply because they were. standing . on one leg only. They had the dam, to be sure, but they had no water to work their gravels with. And water, since the Caminetti act. went into effect, has doubled and tripled in value. If storage dams are erected to take care of flood waters and to provide water for the monitors the cost may } easily two or three times the cost of the debris dams, because { they have to be built in the high mountains, high enough to pro. vide water for high altitude gravel beds. That means expensive roads and increased costs of transporting materials. Due entirely to wastes of war and the presumable world-wide demand for gold, it is very probable that the price of gold will be greatly increased, the dollar reduced in value, and, by just the measure of the reduction, the national debt depreciated and cut at the expense of the bond holders. In that event it is more than likely that private capital will find a way to bring water to the gold gravels. Owners of gravel deposits will not have trouble financing water storage dams, if the price of gold makes it worth while, and this we submit emphatically, the dams ought not to be built unless they are worth while. THREE BOYS ARE CHARGED WITHBURGLARY Three young boys were yesterday certified to juvenile court by Justice of the Peace George: Gildersleeve on a charge of burglarizing the V Coffee Shop of Summit, Nevada County. It is charged that the trio entered the coffee shop on the night of September 10 and stole approximately $300 in cash. On descriptiofis furnished Sacramento police they -were apprehended in that city the next day. They were returned to Truckee where Deputy Sheriff Thomas Dolley obtained confessions from them and they were yesterday lodged in the Nevada County jail. All of them were 15 years old, or younger and stated their was in Ohio. This makes the third group of youngsters, 10 in all, who have been apprehended near Truckee within a month and charged with crime, shortly after they. entered California from eastern points. NEVADA COUNTY BAND TO PLAY There will be an outdoor gathering in the garden of the Grass Valley (IMethodist Church tomorrow evening lat which the Nevada County Band, under the baton of John Blamey, will play a number of selections. Howard Bennetts, chairman of the Third Loan Drive, will have a booth on the grounds at which bonds will be offered ‘for sale. The Lamplighters, a group of business women recently organized in the ,Methodist Church, will provide’ pies, cakes, sandwiches, tea and coffee, for which a nominal sum will be charged. The public has been invited to this affair. SUPERVISORS BUY WAR BONDS The Nevada County Board of Supervisors at a special meeting Tuesday authorized the purchase of $29,000 of victory bonds. These are to be deposited with the county treas) urer and counted the’ same as cash. The board also authorized a ‘con‘tract with the Public Roads Administration for the construction of an access road into the Spanish Mine. Work on this road is now in. progress. A list of ‘“‘frills’’ which laundries ia ‘cleaners and linen supply establishments may eliminate without a reduction in their retail prices was announced ‘today by the Office of Price Administration. This action, to achieve substantial economies and to conserve materials, machinery and manpower, means that such “frills’’ part of a laundry service as starching flatwork; the use of shirt boards, shirt envelopes, cellophane wrappings and ‘tissue box linings; reducing of flatwork; and sewing of buttons on underwear and pajamas may be discontinued without a reduction in the price of the service. = But until water can be made available for hydraulic uses, the debris dams will stand there useless so far as the hydraulic mining industry is concerned, a monument to congressional vote trading, a monument to an era in United States history, when congress, Republicans and Democrats alike, abetited a president on a hog wild spending spree. The only way another epoch of free and easy spending with the credit of the United States in jeopardy, can be helated, is for every ithinking citizens to demand that all public improvements be financed by private capital or by local taxation, either counties or states. That will put an end to congressional bacon toters. That is what we think Mr. Wilson of Forest Hill meant, when he spoke out in meeting of the California Hylraulic Miners Association. birthplace! ‘FALLOFITALY © SIGNAL TO BUY MORE BONDS. The fall of Italy—end of round one in World War II—is the signal for even heavier purchases of war bonds, for there’s a hard war and a costly one yet to be fought. This was the spirit of a statement issued by Charles R. Page, chairman of the Northern California War Finance Committee, as the Third War ‘Loan Drive got underway last week, twenty four hours after Italy’s unconditional surrender was announced. ; Page’s full statement declared: “The Third War Loan Drive opens at the most epochal hour of World War IiI—Italy’s surrender. “Re rejoice at the news, but let it cause no letdown in our response to Uncle Sam’s call in this gigantic money-raising campaign. “Ttaly’s surrender does not mean that we need one cent less than the full 15 billions asked for by Uncle Sam to finance the war to victory. In truth, it means that we . need we ever needed it before. , “Let every American take advantage of this opportuuity to show his gratitude to our hard-fighting armed forees by backing the Third War Loan to the limit—by investing every dollar at his command in war bonds’’. Page pointed out that Northern California is expected to rease $24,000,000 from non-banking sources as . its share of the 15. billion dollars . ‘Uncle Sam wants in this Third War Loan Drive. Even as his statement was issued, heavy war bond purchases got under . way. Standard Oil Company of na fornia announced total’ bond we] chases of $15,200,000 with the larg-} est single item—-$3,850,000—to go. into the Northern California drive. ! Employees of Sierra Candy Co. of ‘. San Francisco went over their quota . and are goal. on the drive’s first day shooting at a still higher DEER HUNTERS GIVEN WARNING OF HAZARDS A warning note to all deer hunters who expect to pursue their favorite sport in the forest and woodlands this season was sounded today by Supervisor Guerdon Ellis of the Tahoe National Forest. The forest floors are tinder dry due to the lack of early fall rains, so a fire once started is not only extremely difficult to control but represents a direct blow to our war efforts. Fires destroy timber which could be used for boats, bridges, barracks and crates. Patriotic hunters, warns. Ellis, should be certain before leaving the camp that all fires are dead out, Further, patriotic hunters wil} not smoke except at places of habitation or at specially designated posted areas. Old timers, adds Ellis, can be of valuable assistance to the forest service by training newcomers to the sport of buck hunting, in the careful use of fire and tobacco while in the woods. A particularly significant warning at this time when many soldiers are on maneuvers in the forest is added to the above by Supervisor Ellis. Be sue that buck you sight is not a buck private! SCHOOL BUSES ON DUTY NEXT MONDAY Beginning Monday morning, September 20th the following bus schedules will accommodate students of the elementary and high schools of Nevada City. : The usual morning schedules will prevail with the bus arriving in the Willow Valley, Gold Flat, Murchie Road, North san Juan, Indian Flat and Lake Vera areas. In the afternoon the bus will leave the schools in Nevada City as usual time and go to Willow Valley, Murchie Road, Gold Flat, Lake Vera, Indian Flat and North San Juan. Leonhard Johnson former Nevada City police officer now employed in war work is enjoying his vacation in Nevada City. NEVADA CITY, CALIFORNIA every cent of that amount more than!

=e SURGICAL DRESSINGS.UNIT AWAITS SUPPLY ter, surgical dressings units will be closed until further notice awaiting ‘the arrival of the September quota of material which is; on the road. Delivery is expectdd. t any time. « The volunteer. workers have just completed the last shipment which consisted of 18,000 4x4’s and 30,000 . 2x2‘s making a total of 48,000 dress‘ings completed and ready for shipment. Every woman volunteer worked diligently to help finish the shipment at this early date, and it is hoped that when the work opens again with lin a few days the attendance will be larger than ever as the new shipment will consist of 30,000 2x2‘s. It is with regret that the chapter loses Mrs. Josephine Savage, wife of Col. Savage and a diligent and cooperative worker whoonly this week left to live in Marysville. The vacancy will be filled on Thursday ;by Mrs .Rumbaugh who has thad experience in surgical dressing work }and is well qualified to fill the vacjancy. It is hoped that the wives of . army personnel will continue to help with the work on Thursdays. . On Saturday, September 25th the {high school girls wishing to assist ‘with surgical dressing work will find ‘the rooms open from 9 a. m._until 12 noon. TOTTEN FOUND GUILTY. SECOND DEGREE MURDER ' After deliberating almost three hours, the jury sitting in the trial of William Totten, charged with shootling Harvey MecVean to death July 15th, found the defendant guilty of second degree murder. Totten gave himself up shortly after killing ‘McVean, surrendering himself and his small bore shotgun jin the sheriff’s office. He pleaded lself defense. His story told freely to . District Attorney Ward Sheldon on }the following day, differed some‘what from his statement on the witness st@nd. Sheldon, ‘in making his argument to the jury, called attention to a discrepancy regarding the exact spot where the; shooting took place. Totten in his first statement gave one place in Mrs. Mary Field’s ‘backyard, and in his evidence on the stand, another. Sheldon proved that his first statement was correct, according to the testimony of Dr. Carl Jones, who found blood spots on a piece of sheet metal at the point in ‘the yard, that Totten had first said he did the shooting. This discrepancy between his first statement and his testimony on the stand was significant, the’ district attorney said, for the reason that in his statement on the stand, Totten told of being backed up against a pile of lumber by McVean during the fatal argument, whereas at the spot where blood was first found, there was nothing to be backed up against. The testimony of Mrs. Mary Field, aged aunt of Totten, the district attorney. also stressed as having an important bearing on the question of who had been the aggressor. She had Stated that when Totten and McVean had left the house, after Totten had threatened to kill both herself and McVean, she had fled down ther front yard screaming to her neighbors for helf, after locking the ‘back door against Totten. Alphonse Matthews, who was associated with George E. Foote, both Sacramento attorneys, made the elosing argument for ‘the defense. He called attention to the evidence that indicated that MeVean had at times shown a certain contempt for Totten, even, according to one witness, accusing him of trying to get his aunt’s property. This, declared ‘Matthews, had ‘built up an animosity in Totten’s mind against McVean and a fear that McVean, being a large muscular man, might do him bodily harm. Driven by fear and resentment, the attorney declared, Totten had believed himself in uhysical danger and had shot in sedf defense. Totten appeared in court this (Continued On Page Two) & The Nevada City Red Cross Chap-, ‘ERIC ENLUND OF FOREST REOPENS. MUGWUMP MINE By EDW. C. UREN Mr. and Mrs. Eric Enlund and son of Forest were visitors here the first of the wtek. Mr. Enlund is a practical underground miner of wide experience and is now engaged in reopening the old Mugwump Tunnel just south of Forest. The Mugwump owes its first development to gravel, which was first mined in 1852. The channel was being breasted in 1894 under the direction of the late Wade Armstrong of this city and was unusually rich in coarse gold along the slate bedrock. But where the channel latter entered the serpentine belt the greasy nature of the bedrock tended to prevent the lodgment of the gold and the gravel proved to be unprofitable to work. In the exploitation of the gravel, at 1700 feet from the portal of the tunnel, a well defined quartz ledge was encountered which was followed for 600 feet and a shaft was sunk on it to a depth of 235 feet. The vein being 3 feet between walls and opened up to within 200 feet of the shaft, which he will proceed .to unwater as soon as he reaches. He is handicapped at present on account of not being able to secure “power from the electric company and making arrangements to operate with water power and Pelton wheels this coming winter. ARMY HOSPITAL BUILDINGS NEAR COMPLETION AUBURN, Sept. 16.—Col. William H. Smith, commanding officer at the Army ‘Gdneral Wospital announces the ‘headquarters office will move Friday into a temporary office which is being prepared for them in one of the new buildings on the hosis pital grounds. All buildings are nearing completion and equipment is being placed in position in some of the buildings. Each of the buildings on the hospital grounds will be interconnected with concrete ‘ covered walks. Progress is being made on the water filtration, sewage and heating plants. Equipment is being placed in the large kitchens where all meals for the 1,700 tients will be prepared. The cold ? en plant which adjoins the kitchen is being insulated with special packing. Those who want employment at the hospital are requested to file applications addressed to the comcanding officer, Government General Hospital, Auburn, Calif., giving their qualifications with preference of work. Col. Smith reports his office has more than 200 applications now on file and applicants will be called and interviewed as their services are needed. Lt. Col. John C. Burr who will be chief of general services for the hos‘pital reported for duty at the government hospital last week. Lt. Col. Burr has had 23 years of service in the regular army. He has a wife, 3 boys and one girl. They are residing at the Freeman Hotel while searching for a place to live. GRASS VALLEY TAX RATE 80c The Grass Valley City Council has set the city tax rate for 1943-1944 at 80 cents per $100 of assessed valuation. The rate is divided as follows: general fund 40 cents, library fund 20 cents and street improvement bonds 20 cents. The report of City Treasurer William Garland revealed a balance in the bank to city’s credit of $19,083.94. MOSHER IN AGAIN Thomas Mosher, who recently completed a six months term in the offense in Justice of the Peace George Gildersleeve’s court, and was sentenced to another 30 days. in places high grade, especially where it. flanttens in dip. Mr. Enlund now has the tunnel} county jail for disturbing the peace, . yesterday pleaded guilty to the same PEA 1 16,1943 ITALY COLLAPSE. OFFERS PROBLEM INPOLITICS By CLEM WHITAKER You may not have thought of Italy’s sudden surrender in terms of politics, but think again! Actually, the abrupt collapse of the Roman Empire is likely to have tremendous political repercussions, * both in international affairs, and in the forthcoming presidential election, here at home. The international aspect of the situation involves the very sensitive relationship between three of themajor powers in the United Nations alignment — the United States and. Great Britain, on the one hand, and Soviet Russia, on the other. What kind of government will be set up in Italy to supplant its former Fascist dictatorship? Will it be a democracy, patterned after that in this country? Will it be a limited monarchy (although actually a democracy) resembling that of the British Empire, with-a king as a é6ymbol, but with a parliament elected by the people? Or will Russia make its influence felt—and will a communist State succeed the Fascist: state which has crumbled. That is tht international political significance of the problem presented © by Italy’s unconditional surrender. And on how Russia and Britain and the United States handle the teuchy question—on whether they are able to handle it amicably——-may well de-pend on the solidarity of the United Nations in the final phase of the war. The people of Italy, of course, will be expected to choose their own form of government, and élect their own leaders, in the final analysis— but how much influence will the “big three’’ in the United Nations bring to bear, and will they agree on how far to go and where to stop? ‘That’s the question. At home the political significance of the victory is that Italy’s surrender has brought the close of the Eu-, ropean phase of the war much near-. er to reality. And the full import of ‘that is this: Republican leaders con-_ tend that if the European war is . over by May or June of next year, ‘Republican chances of victory in the : presidential fight next November. . will be greatly enhanced! With Germany and Italy out of the war, they assert, the old argument against switching horses in the middle of the. stream will lost much of its potency — —as the people will then feel that both Britain and the United States can concentrate their full forces in the Pacific and make comparatively short work of Japan. Under such conditions, say the G. O. P. leaders, a Willkie, or a Dewey,a Bricker, or a Warren, might have a top-notch chance of beating Roosevelt, with domestic issues determining the outcome. : Premier Marshal Badoglio probably wasn’t thinking much about. politics when he threw in the towel, , but actually he injected a brand new . element into the whole political situation, both at home and abroad. COSTSOFWAR OF GIGANTIC PROPORTIONS Here, picked at random, are a few of the gigantic costs of war which must be met by the Third War Loan Drive: i It is now costing nearly $100,000,000 a day more to equip our men and take care of other war ex= ~~ penditures than we were spending a year ago. Cartridges, used by the milene cost 3 cents each. : Steel helmets cost $3.75 and every fighting man must have one. ; (Machine guns range in price frog : $275 to $900. ; Planes, now being produced at rate of approximately 7,000 a month. cost from $3,000 for the to $500,000 for a big bomber. — A destroyer escort, vital in syroleasy warfare, ¢ The most expensit — Sin 900, ls