May 15, 1963 (8 pages)

ee ? + Ran “4 yA E, Heller, Publisher--R. Thompson, Editor-Manager ‘. Second class postage paid at Nevada City, Calif. Adjudicated a legal newspaper of general circulation by the Nevada C Superior Court, June 3, 1960 Decree No. 12,406, Printed by Charles Allert Litho, Nevada City. Subscription rates: One year, $4; Two years, $6; Three years,’ $8.! wai As! wabte Teen Pad ~As! abe (Wen ee! ad-4 SMALL TOWN SMALL WORLD bt [Ven oe PU4~Ae! pat (anes! Pad-A,! py ‘aoa: EDITORIAL Are We Going To Have A Freeway Or Delays The state's expressed willingness to go ahead and construct without delay the DeLeuw, Cather and Company freeway proposal for Nevada City (see page 1) calls for prompt city council action. : This plan, according to Councilman McPherson, satisfies in compromise form most groups in Nevada City. It provides a fourlane divided road on the chosen downtown route. It requires the purchase of all property already slated for right-of-way acquisition. It provides satisfactory long-range traffic requirements. It saves the National Hotel'Annex, the Assay Office, and possibly the Sequoia Christmas Tree. It reduces the size of the originally proposed freeway trench. It leaves land for potential downtown parking. It gives the tourist an attractive approach to the city. The state is willing togo ahead on this plan. It is perhaps fitting that the council desires to consider the plan_in the next two or three days. But prolongeddebate, or the re-hashing of old arguments should be avoided. If the council unites behind this plan, Nevada City will get its freeway on schedule, one that most of us can live with. If the council dogs not act and becomes bog. ged down in engineering or other disputes, then we are assured that those who oppose any change inthe state design for fear of delay will get exactly what they don't want: more delay, more dispute ad infinitum---and no freeway. The responsibility for preventing the delay of the Nevada City Freeway and for building a freeway which will benefit all of Nevada City-its merchants andresidents--now rests squarely with the city council. Plan For Malakoff The pain of disappointment over the elimin-ation of the Malakoff Diggins Project from the urgent $19 million park and beach acquisition * and development program has dulled enough . poser? eee to allow a realistic assessment of the future of Malakoff. The project is still in the current five-year Program of the Division of Beaches and Parks. We have been told it is still rated as one of the top priority projects in that program. Certainly the interest and enthusiasm exhibited by Charles DeTurk, chief of the California Department of Parks and Recreation, in the North BloomfieldMalakoff area is evidence the potential park site is indeed high on the list when funds become available. Nevada City Mayor Robert Carr obtained the unanimous approval of his council Monday night tohis suggestion that he send a letter to Senator Ronald Cameron and Assemblyman Paul Lunardi urging the two local representatives to sponsor legislation establishing the state's intent to create a Malakoff State Park at North Bloomfield. There is much merit in this proposal. We have heard some local comment that state officials were merely using the Proposed MalaF koff State Park as a means of gaining local a support for the park bond issues. a This seems to be a ridiculous argument in view of the number of registered voters we have in our county when compared to the millions registered in the state. But we do know that the owner of the major share of private property involved in the proi posed park boundaries is in the process of clearing title on that land with the intention. of selling. 7. A notice of intent by the state legislature a could easily forestall the sale of land within # _-the proposed boundaries. It would also serve . @sastimulanttothose in our area who are still §, .-‘ despondent over the scratching of Malakoff from the “urgent” list. me tCANCELLATIONS.. A county dinner scheduled to honor those whohave served the county for 5, 10, 15, etc. years, cancelled when the reservations came in too SIOW sos Four hearings Monday night, cancelled when illness left the Nevada County Planning Commission without any prospect of a quorum. Postponed would be the better word. SHORT SHOTS.. Comedian Mel Young and singer Kitty Kover will open the Cal-Neva Lounge May 29.. The Celebrity Room . will open June 28 with Vincent Edwards (Dr. Ben)..John Sbaffi, president of the Nevada Company which is building the new 18-unit apartment complex on Spring St., says he feels the units will answer a long felt need for modern apartments in Nevada CAEVG ees Sierra General Contractors, a Grass Valley firm, is building the apartment complex, and many other local firms will provide skills and materials for the job. OrfJuvenall heads Sierra General.. Purity Stores won the coveted Brand Name Retailer of ‘the Year award for '63. QUESTIONNAIRE.. Congressman Harold T. Johnson sent out a questionnaire to determine how the people in his district feel about things. Here are the questions and results(yes, no) with the percentage remaining listed as undecided: 1. Do youthink that President Kennedy is doing a good job? 62.5, 30. 2. Should federal taxes be reduced? 63, 31. 3. In order to provide pre-paid hospital and nursing insurance for our elderly people should the federal government incorporate such ‘coverage EMEVADA CoUMTY WUGEET intothe Social Security program? 56.5, 40. 4. Do you support federal aid to education in the elementary, secondary and college fields? 50, 46. 5. Do you favor establishment within the Department of Interior of a Gold Procurement and Sales Agency which would offer subsidies to the gold mining industry? 49, 41. 6. Do you support the establishment of a Youth Conservation Corps similar to the Civilian Conservation Corps? 71, 23. 7. Are you in favor of carrying on a mutual security program of aid and assistance to underdeveloped nations of the free w orld? 53.5, 38.5, and 8. Should farm subsidies and controls be phased out overa period of the next few years? 70.5, 20. CONFLAGRATION.. Bob Paulus, California Division of Forestry foreman, warmed Grass Valley Chamber of Commerce members that the day will come when a major fire will hit here such as the one which hit Bel Aire eres When it happens, he said, “jt will be four times as bad" because the ground cover in Nevada County has four times the fuel potential fora fire.. Last year's Osborne Hill fire started in much the same manner as did the disastrous L,A. blaze. Wind and weather conditions were not of a character to make-the Osborne Hill fire impossible. to control, however, Paulus credited excellent aid from volunteer firemen, too, in stopping the fire short of populated areas.. Imagine, talking about forest fires with our precipitation table over70 inches and still climbing. by Alfred Heller (This week's excerpt from “Forces of Change in California Agriculture” describes how people--as consumers, and as competitors for land and water, influence our number one industry. ) In 1940 there were 7 million Californians. Today there are about two and a half times that many -between 17 and 18 million. If growth continues at the same rate, California's population will €xceéed 22 million in 1970 and 40 million in the year — 2,000. Today, six out of every 10 Californians live in the two giant metropolitan complexes of Los Angeles and the San Francisco Bay Area, andtwoor three more live in other major urban areas. Most of the rest live in.smaller cities and towns. Obviously, relatively few Californians live in rural areas -a situation which is not likely to change. This vast and increasing urban population is a dominant influy jence in deciding what crops will be grown and where. People . exert most of their influence on agriculture in two ways: (1) a consumers and (2) as competitors for land and water. ; 1, Because so many of California's crops are exported, consumers everywhere influence this state's agriculture. If the trend toward-more real incomecontinues, the average U.S, family will have 60 per cent more pruchasing power in 1975 than it did in 1953, Consumers not only buy more food in direct proportion to ito population growth, but they also buy different kinds of food as their real income goes up. Since 1910, largely for this reason, Americans have eaten more red meats, fish, poultry, eggs, fruits, vegetables and dairy products, but less cereal products and potatoes. During the coming generation, per capita demand for fruits and vegetables undoubtedly will increase even more. This economic support for high-income-per-acre, intensive land-use crops may help them resist the pressures of urbanization in California. Predicting future crop trends is a complicated and uncertain process, For instance, per capita demand for beef will grow but the cattle fattening industry in California may not, even though it uses land intensively. This is because low-income grain crops for cattle feed will be squeezed off high-priced land in the state, and ‘it may be cheaper to import meat than to import grain and fatten icattle here. However, molasses, sugar beet pulp, cotton-seed meal and other by-products of high-income crops also make good cattle feed and may be used to offset this trend. As real income climbs,. consumers not only demand different foods, but also new, better quality or more convenient foods, (Three ready-to-serve meals for a family of four cost an average of $6.70. Prepared at home, these meals cost about $4.50, but require four more hours of work by the housewife.) Like changes in eating habits, these new consumer demands affect all levels of agriculture -production, processing and marketing. 2, Ascompetitors for living space and water, urban populations exert their most obvious effect on California agriculture. As we have seen cities, highways and airports are spilling out into metropolitan empires, obliterating an important part of the state's farmland and changing crop patterns in the rest. In their role as next-door neighbors of farmland, expanding city populations influence agriculture in other ways. Intheir own interest they may impose land-use regulations, outlaw nuisances such as dust and odors from farms, boost taxes on farmland, or set ‘urban standards for farm wages and working conditions. is played Monday afternoons at 1 p.m. and Tuesday evenings at 7:30 p.m, Visiting bridge players are welcome, andif you're without a partner call Mrs. Loren Fredericksen (273-6463, so says the Nevada County Duplicate Club..Recent winners were Theo Hooper and Kay Zwonechek seca Also Mr. and Mrs, C,R. . } (One of a series of articles. ) Milham : — MUSH..Submergedinthe reWA Ss H . N G q ae leases that flooded in during our late winter were the results of the Second Annual running of the Tahoe Sierra Dog Derby.. So belatedly, credit to: Gene Schultz, Nevada City who took fourth place in 2 hours, 36 minutes and 19 seconds; Jack Daniels, Nevada City, eighth in 3 hours, 11 minutes and 55 seconds.. The derby was run over an 11 CALLING By MARQUIS CHILDS . WASHINGTON ---When they returned recently from their recess within a recess,a number of members of Congress reported they found people (back home interested not in Laos or Cuba or even in the Rockefeller something much more immediate. That is how they can be sure of getting a drink of relatively unpolluted water when they turn on the tap. Pollution of the water supply is becoming a serious problem in area ‘after area, In many communities those who can afford it are buying bottled water, They are becoming accustomed to seeing a deposit of ‘of sediment from water out of the tap run’into bathtubs and dishpans. This has a direct bearing on conservation and the survival of fish and ‘game. But as hundreds of newly developed chemical compounds are 'dumped into streams in industrial waste and used with a heavy hand in insect sprays it is factor of still-undetermined significance in the health of human beings. And as compared to the thousands of scientists at work developing new chemicals and pesticides very little is being done about this wholesale pollution of the environment, A principal source that has been building up during the past 15 years is the chemical detergents used by millions of housewives in automatic ‘dishwashers, Today four billion pounds of detergent a year are used, This chemical dissolves in water only very gradually and so, as it is dumped into sewage systems that in turn pour into streams and rivers, it is a more or less permanent cause of pollution. Sen. Gaylord Nelson (D,, Wis.) has put in a bill which would set standards that detergent manufacturers must meet after 1965. New processes are available which at little additional cost would produce ‘soluble detergents, This has been proved out in West Germany which pioneered the chemical detergents, There the parliament outlawed mile track at Kings Beach, on the north shore of Lake Tahoe Sree Charles Emerich and Lee Fishback, also of Nevada City, competed, but were "scratched" on alternate days of the two day raffair. . 3% Clay and Susan Daniels followedthe junior champ in that special event. eeree FAIR FACTS. . California's Fair program is an extensive one: There are 50 district fairs, 20 county fairs, 2 citrus fairs, the California State Fair and Exposition, and the California Museum of Science and History--=all operated under the Department of Finance in this state, and all subsidized-by funds from the state'stax on pari mutuel betting ‘at horse race meetings. By Paul J. Lunardi Another blow at juvenile delinquency would be struck by a bill which would set up special educational programs for "educationally handicapped minors". The measure has cleared its second hurdle in the Assembly by receiving a green light from the Ways and Means Committee, and now goes to the floor for action by that house. ; The bill, co-authored by twenty-eight Assemblymen and three Senators, is the outgrowth of months of study by the Senate Fact-finding and the Assembly Interim Committees on Education. The problems of youngsters who cannot benefit from regular classroom work because‘they have serious learning or behavior handicaps, other than physical, were explored in detail with the assistance of educators, psychologists, juvenile and correctional authorities. It is recognized that the Hill cannot provide a complete answer to juvenile delinquency, but it could do much to reduce this blight on our society. Under this proposed statute, elementary and high school districts would be authorized to set up special educational programs ‘for minors needing help. The A Blow At Delinquency county superintendents of schools would be empowered to operate the programs for smaller districts . Four alternatives would be made available: 1) special classes for pupils unable to function properly in regular classes; 2) remedial teaching by special instructors for pupils with “learning disabilities"; 3) consultation services by specialists for teachers and supervisors on problems of individual pupils; and 4) instruction inhome, hospital, or approved children's institution for those unable to function in a school setting. Additional state aid for the excess costs to the school districts or county superintendents of operating these new programs would be provided under the measure. In orderto qualify for such funds, advance notice of intention to start such programswould have to be filed with the State Superintendent of Public Instruction, and. state rules as to selection of pupils would have to be followed. Admission of minors to these special programs would be limited to two percent of total district enrollment, Individuals would be selected on the basis of recommendations by a local committee including a teacher, insoluble detergents after a certain date when it was shown that even .principalrivers, such asthe Rhine, were piled high with detergent form. Nelson, whoas Governor pushed through a $50, 000,000 conservation program to preserve the great recreation resources of his state, toid the Senate that chemical detergents had been found to have polluted the ‘underground water in 64 of Wisconsm's 72 counties, He called attention to the effect of detergent foam in clogging sewage plants, This foam becomes #mpregnated with a high bacteria count and carried by the wind it becomes an immediate health hazard. A's early as 1950 the Wisconsin State Board of Health reported a wall of foam on the Mississippi River in Western Wisconsin 15 feet high, 35 feet wide and 300 feet long. Some years later the helicopters had to be used to blow away foam on the. Baraboo River in searching for a lost boy. The official West German institute for water, soil and air hygiene reported last year finding indications of cancer-producing effects of detergents inthe water supply. This is, of course only a tentative finding. Butit suggests the unknowns in the release of a vast new volume of chemicals in man's enviroment. A few scientists inthe Taft Sanitary Engineering Center in Cincinnati have been studying the effects of detergent-pollution. In a recent report they pointed out how dire the consequences can be as virtually all of this material finds its way into surface and ground water. Since with the population explosion water supplies must be used over and over the cumulative volume of detergents can be an ever-increasing menace unless it is checked, Only the more dramatic instances get into the news, In Suffolk County, New York, the tap water came out foaming like beer. At one point the Federal Housing Administration refused to insure mortgages ibecause the quality of well water showed the long-term effects of dejtergents from septic tank effluent. Nelson, a freshman Senator, is convinced there is a large body of ‘public opinion deeply concerned about pollution of the air and water and ready to respond to leadership seeking to save what is left of the American heritage and to protect defenseless individuals from poisons discharged at random into the environment, In ‘introducing his detergent bill, he spoke of a battle to preserve the simplest basic elements necessary to human survival, This is a line that may have far more political appeal than isrealized here in the capital, (Copyright 1963) school nurse or social worker, a school psychologist, a principal anda physician. A state advisory committee of one representative each of the departments of education, mentalhygiene and public health, plus others named by the board of education, would set state standards for admission to the program. No pupil could be admitted if his parent or guardian filed written objection. In addition to the backing of educators and their organizations, the measure has the support of the Superintendent of Public Instruction, the President of the State Board of Education, and the Governor. Correctional authorities have endorsed the principle involved, Years of intensive study by university experts have established the fact that the tendency toward delinquency can be identified at an early age, not later than the second grade. Early recognition of the tendency and remedial ac‘tion on their problems is expected to save many children from tangling withthe law. The cost is estimated at far less than that of later correcting them in youth authority facility or prison, The future of this bill will therefore be closely watched. — ‘Inarriage and how it may affect the Presidential race next year but in . . z

ee ? + Ran “4 yA E, Heller, Publisher--R. Thompson, Editor-Manager ‘. Second class postage paid at Nevada City, Calif. Adjudicated a legal newspaper of general circulation by the Nevada C Superior Court, June 3, 1960 Decree No. 12,406, Printed by Charles Allert Litho, Nevada City. Subscription rates: One year, $4; Two years, $6; Three years,’ $8.! wai As! wabte Teen Pad ~As! abe (Wen ee! ad-4 SMALL TOWN SMALL WORLD bt [Ven oe PU4~Ae! pat (anes! Pad-A,! py ‘aoa: EDITORIAL Are We Going To Have A Freeway Or Delays The state's expressed willingness to go ahead and construct without delay the DeLeuw, Cather and Company freeway proposal for Nevada City (see page 1) calls for prompt city council action. : This plan, according to Councilman McPherson, satisfies in compromise form most groups in Nevada City. It provides a fourlane divided road on the chosen downtown route. It requires the purchase of all property already slated for right-of-way acquisition. It provides satisfactory long-range traffic requirements. It saves the National Hotel'Annex, the Assay Office, and possibly the Sequoia Christmas Tree. It reduces the size of the originally proposed freeway trench. It leaves land for potential downtown parking. It gives the tourist an attractive approach to the city. The state is willing togo ahead on this plan. It is perhaps fitting that the council desires to consider the plan_in the next two or three days. But prolongeddebate, or the re-hashing of old arguments should be avoided. If the council unites behind this plan, Nevada City will get its freeway on schedule, one that most of us can live with. If the council dogs not act and becomes bog. ged down in engineering or other disputes, then we are assured that those who oppose any change inthe state design for fear of delay will get exactly what they don't want: more delay, more dispute ad infinitum---and no freeway. The responsibility for preventing the delay of the Nevada City Freeway and for building a freeway which will benefit all of Nevada City-its merchants andresidents--now rests squarely with the city council. Plan For Malakoff The pain of disappointment over the elimin-ation of the Malakoff Diggins Project from the urgent $19 million park and beach acquisition * and development program has dulled enough . poser? eee to allow a realistic assessment of the future of Malakoff. The project is still in the current five-year Program of the Division of Beaches and Parks. We have been told it is still rated as one of the top priority projects in that program. Certainly the interest and enthusiasm exhibited by Charles DeTurk, chief of the California Department of Parks and Recreation, in the North BloomfieldMalakoff area is evidence the potential park site is indeed high on the list when funds become available. Nevada City Mayor Robert Carr obtained the unanimous approval of his council Monday night tohis suggestion that he send a letter to Senator Ronald Cameron and Assemblyman Paul Lunardi urging the two local representatives to sponsor legislation establishing the state's intent to create a Malakoff State Park at North Bloomfield. There is much merit in this proposal. We have heard some local comment that state officials were merely using the Proposed MalaF koff State Park as a means of gaining local a support for the park bond issues.. a This seems to be a ridiculous argument in view of the number of registered voters we have in our county when compared to the millions registered in the state. But we do know that the owner of the major share of private property involved in the proi posed park boundaries is in the process of clearing title on that land with the intention. of selling. 7. A notice of intent by the state legislature a could easily forestall the sale of land within # _-the proposed boundaries. It would also serve . @sastimulanttothose in our area who are still §, .-‘ despondent over the scratching of Malakoff from the “urgent” list. me tCANCELLATIONS... A county dinner scheduled to honor those whohave served the county for 5, 10, 15, etc. years, cancelled when the reservations came in too SIOW sos Four hearings Monday night, cancelled when illness left the Nevada County Planning Commission without any prospect of a quorum. Postponed would be the better word. SHORT SHOTS... Comedian Mel Young and singer Kitty Kover will open the Cal-Neva Lounge May 29... The Celebrity Room . will open June 28 with Vincent Edwards (Dr. Ben)...John Sbaffi, president of the Nevada Company which is building the new 18-unit apartment complex on Spring St., says he feels the units will answer a long felt need for modern apartments in Nevada CAEVG ees Sierra General Contractors, a Grass Valley firm, is building the apartment complex, and many other local firms will provide skills and materials for the job. OrfJuvenall heads Sierra General... Purity Stores won the coveted Brand Name Retailer of ‘the Year award for '63. QUESTIONNAIRE... Congressman Harold T. Johnson sent out a questionnaire to determine how the people in his district feel about things. Here are the questions and results(yes, no) with the percentage remaining listed as undecided: 1. Do youthink that President Kennedy is doing a good job? 62.5, 30. 2. Should federal taxes be reduced? 63, 31. 3. In order to provide pre-paid hospital and nursing insurance for our elderly people should the federal government incorporate such ‘coverage EMEVADA CoUMTY WUGEET intothe Social Security program? 56.5, 40. 4. Do you support federal aid to education in the elementary, secondary and college fields? 50, 46. 5. Do you favor establishment within the Department of Interior of a Gold Procurement and Sales Agency which would offer subsidies to the gold mining industry? 49, 41. 6. Do you support the establishment of a Youth Conservation Corps similar to the Civilian Conservation Corps? 71, 23. 7. Are you in favor of carrying on a mutual security program of aid and assistance to underdeveloped nations of the free w orld? 53.5, 38.5, and 8. Should farm subsidies and controls be phased out overa period of the next few years? 70.5, 20. CONFLAGRATION... Bob Paulus, California Division of Forestry foreman, warmed Grass Valley Chamber of Commerce members that the day will come when a major fire will hit here such as the one which hit Bel Aire eres When it happens, he said, “jt will be four times as bad" because the ground cover in Nevada County has four times the fuel potential fora fire... Last year's Osborne Hill fire started in much the same manner as did the disastrous L,A. blaze. Wind and weather conditions were not of a character to make-the Osborne Hill fire impossible. to control, however, Paulus credited excellent aid from volunteer firemen, too, in stopping the fire short of populated areas... Imagine, talking about forest fires with our precipitation table over70 inches and still climbing. by Alfred Heller (This week's excerpt from “Forces of Change in California Agriculture” describes how people--as consumers, and as competitors for land and water, influence our number one industry. ) In 1940 there were 7 million Californians. Today there are about two and a half times that many -between 17 and 18 million. If growth continues at the same rate, California's population will €xceéed 22 million in 1970 and 40 million in the year — 2,000. Today, six out of every 10 Californians live in the two giant metropolitan complexes of Los Angeles and the San Francisco Bay Area, andtwoor three more live in other major urban areas. Most of the rest live in.smaller cities and towns. Obviously, relatively few Californians live in rural areas -a situation which is not likely to change. This vast and increasing urban population is a dominant influy jence in deciding what crops will be grown and where. People . exert most of their influence on agriculture in two ways: (1) a consumers and (2) as competitors for land and water. ; 1, Because so many of California's crops are exported, consumers everywhere influence this state's agriculture. If the trend toward-more real incomecontinues, the average U.S, family will have 60 per cent more pruchasing power in 1975 than it did in 1953, Consumers not only buy more food in direct proportion to ito population growth, but they also buy different kinds of food as their real income goes up. Since 1910, largely for this reason, Americans have eaten more red meats, fish, poultry, eggs, fruits, vegetables and dairy products, but less cereal products and potatoes. During the coming generation, per capita demand for fruits and vegetables undoubtedly will increase even more. This economic support for high-income-per-acre, intensive land-use crops may help them resist the pressures of urbanization in California. Predicting future crop trends is a complicated and uncertain process, For instance, per capita demand for beef will grow but the cattle fattening industry in California may not, even though it uses land intensively. This is because low-income grain crops for cattle feed will be squeezed off high-priced land in the state, and ‘it may be cheaper to import meat than to import grain and fatten icattle here. However, molasses, sugar beet pulp, cotton-seed meal and other by-products of high-income crops also make good cattle feed and may be used to offset this trend. As real income climbs,. consumers not only demand different foods, but also new, better quality or more convenient foods, (Three ready-to-serve meals for a family of four cost an average of $6.70. Prepared at home, these meals cost about $4.50, but

require four more hours of work by the housewife.) Like changes in eating habits, these new consumer demands affect all levels of agriculture -production, processing and marketing. 2, Ascompetitors for living space and water, urban populations exert their most obvious effect on California agriculture. As we have seen cities, highways and airports are spilling out into metropolitan empires, obliterating an important part of the state's farmland and changing crop patterns in the rest. In their role as next-door neighbors of farmland, expanding city populations influence agriculture in other ways. Intheir own interest they may impose land-use regulations, outlaw nuisances such as dust and odors from farms, boost taxes on farmland, or set ‘urban standards for farm wages and working conditions. is played Monday afternoons at 1 p.m. and Tuesday evenings at 7:30 p.m, Visiting bridge players are welcome, andif you're without a partner call Mrs. Loren Fredericksen (273-6463, so says the Nevada County Duplicate Club...Recent winners were Theo Hooper and Kay Zwonechek seca Also Mr. and Mrs, C,R. . } (One of a series of articles. ) Milham : — MUSH...Submergedinthe reWA Ss H . N G q ae leases that flooded in during our late winter were the results of the Second Annual running of the Tahoe Sierra Dog Derby... So belatedly, credit to: Gene Schultz, Nevada City who took fourth place in 2 hours, 36 minutes and 19 seconds; Jack Daniels, Nevada City, eighth in 3 hours, 11 minutes and 55 seconds... The derby was run over an 11 CALLING By MARQUIS CHILDS . WASHINGTON ---When they returned recently from their recess within a recess,a number of members of Congress reported they found people (back home interested not in Laos or Cuba or even in the Rockefeller something much more immediate. That is how they can be sure of getting a drink of relatively unpolluted water when they turn on the tap. Pollution of the water supply is becoming a serious problem in area ‘after area, In many communities those who can afford it are buying bottled water, They are becoming accustomed to seeing a deposit of ‘of sediment from water out of the tap run’into bathtubs and dishpans. This has a direct bearing on conservation and the survival of fish and ‘game. But as hundreds of newly developed chemical compounds are 'dumped into streams in industrial waste and used with a heavy hand in insect sprays it is factor of still-undetermined significance in the health of human beings. And as compared to the thousands of scientists at work developing new chemicals and pesticides very little is being done about this wholesale pollution of the environment, A principal source that has been building up during the past 15 years is the chemical detergents used by millions of housewives in automatic ‘dishwashers, Today four billion pounds of detergent a year are used, This chemical dissolves in water only very gradually and so, as it is dumped into sewage systems that in turn pour into streams and rivers, it is a more or less permanent cause of pollution. Sen. Gaylord Nelson (D,, Wis.) has put in a bill which would set standards that detergent manufacturers must meet after 1965. New processes are available which at little additional cost would produce ‘soluble detergents, This has been proved out in West Germany which pioneered the chemical detergents, There the parliament outlawed mile track at Kings Beach, on the north shore of Lake Tahoe Sree Charles Emerich and Lee Fishback, also of Nevada City, competed, but were "scratched" on alternate days of the two day raffair.. . 3% Clay and Susan Daniels followedthe junior champ in that special event. eeree FAIR FACTS.. . California's Fair program is an extensive one: There are 50 district fairs, 20 county fairs, 2 citrus fairs, the California State Fair and Exposition, and the California Museum of Science and History--=all operated under the Department of Finance in this state, and all subsidized-by funds from the state'stax on pari mutuel betting ‘at horse race meetings. By Paul J. Lunardi Another blow at juvenile delinquency would be struck by a bill which would set up special educational programs for "educationally handicapped minors". The measure has cleared its second hurdle in the Assembly by receiving a green light from the Ways and Means Committee, and now goes to the floor for action by that house. ; The bill, co-authored by twenty-eight Assemblymen and three Senators, is the outgrowth of months of study by the Senate Fact-finding and the Assembly Interim Committees on Education. The problems of youngsters who cannot benefit from regular classroom work because‘they have serious learning or behavior handicaps, other than physical, were explored in detail with the assistance of educators, psychologists, juvenile and correctional authorities. It is recognized that the Hill cannot provide a complete answer to juvenile delinquency, but it could do much to reduce this blight on our society. Under this proposed statute, elementary and high school districts would be authorized to set up special educational programs ‘for minors needing help. The A Blow At Delinquency county superintendents of schools would be empowered to operate the programs for smaller districts . Four alternatives would be made available: 1) special classes for pupils unable to function properly in regular classes; 2) remedial teaching by special instructors for pupils with “learning disabilities"; 3) consultation services by specialists for teachers and supervisors on problems of individual pupils; and 4) instruction inhome, hospital, or approved children's institution for those unable to function in a school setting. Additional state aid for the excess costs to the school districts or county superintendents of operating these new programs would be provided under the measure. In orderto qualify for such funds, advance notice of intention to start such programswould have to be filed with the State Superintendent of Public Instruction, and. state rules as to selection of pupils would have to be followed. Admission of minors to these special programs would be limited to two percent of total district enrollment, Individuals would be selected on the basis of recommendations by a local committee including a teacher, insoluble detergents after a certain date when it was shown that even .principalrivers, such asthe Rhine, were piled high with detergent form. Nelson, whoas Governor pushed through a $50, 000,000 conservation program to preserve the great recreation resources of his state, toid the Senate that chemical detergents had been found to have polluted the ‘underground water in 64 of Wisconsm's 72 counties, He called attention to the effect of detergent foam in clogging sewage plants, This foam becomes #mpregnated with a high bacteria count and carried by the wind it becomes an immediate health hazard. A's early as 1950 the Wisconsin State Board of Health reported a wall of foam on the Mississippi River in Western Wisconsin 15 feet high, 35 feet wide and 300 feet long. Some years later the helicopters had to be used to blow away foam on the. Baraboo River in searching for a lost boy. The official West German institute for water, soil and air hygiene reported last year finding indications of cancer-producing effects of detergents inthe water supply. This is, of course only a tentative finding. Butit suggests the unknowns in the release of a vast new volume of chemicals in man's enviroment. A few scientists inthe Taft Sanitary Engineering Center in Cincinnati have been studying the effects of detergent-pollution. In a recent report they pointed out how dire the consequences can be as virtually all of this material finds its way into surface and ground water. Since with the population explosion water supplies must be used over and over the cumulative volume of detergents can be an ever-increasing menace unless it is checked, Only the more dramatic instances get into the news, In Suffolk County, New York, the tap water came out foaming like beer. At one point the Federal Housing Administration refused to insure mortgages ibecause the quality of well water showed the long-term effects of dejtergents from septic tank effluent. Nelson, a freshman Senator, is convinced there is a large body of ‘public opinion deeply concerned about pollution of the air and water and ready to respond to leadership seeking to save what is left of the American heritage and to protect defenseless individuals from poisons discharged at random into the environment, In ‘introducing his detergent bill, he spoke of a battle to preserve the simplest basic elements necessary to human survival, This is a line that may have far more political appeal than isrealized here in the capital, (Copyright 1963) school nurse or social worker, a school psychologist, a principal anda physician. A state advisory committee of one representative each of the departments of education, mentalhygiene and public health, plus others named by the board of education, would set state standards for admission to the program. No pupil could be admitted if his parent or guardian filed written objection. In addition to the backing of educators and their organizations, the measure has the support of the Superintendent of Public Instruction, the President of the State Board of Education, and the Governor. Correctional authorities have endorsed the principle involved, Years of intensive study by university experts have established the fact that the tendency toward delinquency can be identified at an early age, not later than the second grade. Early recognition of the tendency and remedial ac‘tion on their problems is expected to save many children from tangling withthe law. The cost is estimated at far less than that of later correcting them in youth authority facility or prison, The future of this bill will therefore be closely watched. — ‘Inarriage and how it may affect the Presidential race next year but in . . z