Volume 12 (1866) (428 pages)

Z, AWANN DEW r Y A €O,, PUBLISHERS) nd Pucent Solleliors. 5 SAN FRAN CISCO, Sz ATURDAY, APRIL 14, . 1866, AROS aE. Number 15, TABLE OF CONTENTS. The Tangential Water Wheel. The Colon Ama'gamator. mM Muratrinter \Huntor's Concentrator. stein Aiaabam—W urls’ Heavy Blast. Paw MWivtie Statistics Minine ip Mannt Diablo. Tho Origin of Things. Sudinan. Re Beautitul aU aerton OU Welleto Burgh, What de Saloraiue iter trom £1 Durado coun: Was Votes aud paneer The Prise. guteres Mining Summary, Dterestlag Petrleum Dls-. Editorial and Se elected. 0 rlesin West Virginia [Mining irencisern™ “DireeQui irtz Mines wf Grass) tory. v Tales Stock Sales and Reports. Tntere atl Fact. Sau Franclace Prices Current Atinual Report of the Com. . New Mining and Othor Advertisrinents, etc. iulasluner of Patcuts, Woxpers or tnk AtMospugre.—The atmos. plvre rises nbove us with its cathedrul dome nrching toward hicaven, of which it is the most perfect synonym and symbol. It floats around uz like that, grand object which the apostle John saw in his vision—‘a sea of glass like unto a erystal."’ So massive is it that when it hegins to stir, it tosses great ships like playthings, and sweeps eity and forest like snowflukes to destruction before it. And yet it is so mobile that we have lived for years in it before we eun be persuaded that it exists at all, and the great bulk of mankind never realize the truth that they are bathed iu ao ocean of air. Ita weight is so enormous that iron shivers beforo it like glass, yet a soap bubble sails through it with impunity, and the tiniess inseet waves it aside with his wing. It ministers lavishly tu nll our senses. We tonch it not, but it touches ns. Its warm south wind brings back color to the pale face of the inyalid; its eool west wind refreshes the fevered brow und nukes the blood mantle to our cheeks ; even its north blast braees into new vivor the hardened children of a rngged cltmate. ‘The eye is indebted to it for all the magnificence of sunrise, the brightness of midday, the chastened radiance of the morning, and the clouds that eradle near the setting gun. But for it the rainbow would want its trinmphant areh; and the wind would not eend its fleecy messengers on errands around the heavens; the cold ether would not send snow feathers onthe earth, nor would drops of dew gather on the flowers. ‘The kindly rain would never fall, aor hail-storm nor log diversify the face of the sky. Our naked globe would turn its tanned and unshadowed forehead to the sun, and one dreary, monotonous bluze of light and heat dazzle and burn up all tbings. Were there no atmosphere, the evening sun would in 2 moment set, and without warning, plunye the earth into darkue:s. But the air grasps in her hand a shield of his Trays, and lets them slip through her fingers so that the shadows of evening are gathered by degrees, and the flowers have time to bow their heads, and each creature space to find a plaee for rest, and to nestle to repose. In the niorning, the garish sun would at one bonnd burst from the bosom of aigbt and blaze above the horizoa; but the air watenes his eoming, and sends first but one little ray to another, and then a handful; and so gently draws aside the eurtain of nigbt, and slowly lets the light fall on the face ol the sleeping earth, till her eye-lids open, and like a mun she goes forth again to labor until evening. —_ A Laren ‘Ow Taxx.— Messrs. Brewer, Burke & Co., of Pitsburg, Peun., are erceting an iroa oil tank capable of holding 12,000 barrels. TANGENTIAL TURBINE WATER WHEEL, The annexed illustration represents what is known as the tangentiul turbine, or hurdyguidy water wheel, with a reaction guitle, whereby the water having onco impinged upon tho buckets of the wheel, is mude to react . upon succeeding buekets nntil the force of the 1ush ol water is eutirely exluusted, eo that it drops quietly from the wheel by the mere foree of its gravity. The construction of the wheel may be distinetly seen iu the engruving. The water is seen to rush in, through the conducting pipe, with a veloeity and impulse due to its head. After striking the buckets and passing into the inner side ol the eireumference ol the wheel, it will be observed to be so directed in its motion as to avain receive an upward direetion, striking the buckets at a poiot below tbe place of first contaet, when it imparts the 85 drops per rite. aud LL ineles each drop. With— 175 feet fall and 85 inches water, mniaors? AES moo “ wo + bo. “ it will run a mill of 20 stamps, each 650 pounds, 85 drops per ininute, and 11 inches eaeh drop. The wheel is furnished of different sizes to suit the wishes or necessities of the purchaser. eS Borrion rrom Gop Hint.—The Gold Hill News says: “The amount of bullion shipped from the Gold IIill Express office, for the snonth of March last, amounts to $590,123.89. For the quarter ending March 3lst, 1866, the shipments reached $1,397,659.70! ‘I'bus, it is manifest that uo less than five millions of raw silver and gold will be dug out and exported from this little burgh during the year 1866. ‘Yhese are itenis for the desolate, and torture . poiota for the eronkers.” TANGENTIAL TURBINE WATER WHEEL. whole of the power remaining in the water after its first impulse. The wheel is now ia successful operation at Hydliff's Mill,in You Bet; atthe Empire Tunnel Company, French Corral; at the Croasus Silver Mill Company, Kearsage; at the Clear Creek Company's Mill,in Tulare county, and other places. It gives a high percentage of work for water eonsumed; is exceedingly simple in its construetion, and eosts bnt little, in comparison to most water wheels. It 1s particularly applicable for high falls, and where the water caa be eonveyed along and down mountain sides, by means of pipes, as in hydraulie mining. ‘The wheel is manufaetured at the Miners’ Foundry in this city. A wheel eight feet in diameter eosts but $500, and is estimated to be capable of performing the following duty: With— 80 feet full and 94 inches water, miners’ measure, oO % OM “ jog 6 « “ mm o so OC«w “ it will run a mill of Lv stamps, each 650 pounds, Ax Ixrernatinc Facr.—During our reeeat visit to the inines of Grass Valleyand Nevada, a very interesting fact cme under our notice, to the effect that all the distinetive features which are so observable in the mines for the first 150 or 200 feet in depth, disappear beyond thut depth, and that the veinstoae thereafter presents a nniform eharacter; so much so, that when speeimens from the lower levels of the deepest mines arn thrown together promiscuously, it is almost impossiole to distinguish the one from the other. On visitiug the Sneath & Clay mine, at Nevada, we fouad the same eharaeteristie to prevail; the veinstone of that miae being quite indistinguishable from that from aay of the deep miacs of Grass Valley. The solitary exception notieed is in the Norambagua, below Grass Valley. The only miae, we believe, in Nevada eounty earrying apy aotieeable quantity of arsenical pyrites. Great Britain alone produces ode-third of all the iroa product of the world. Sopium Amatoam.—Our readers will find a very interesting letter on the eecond page nf the preseut issue, in relatinn to the discovery of the use of sodium amalgam in working gold nres, ‘The letter contains a brief aecount of tho discovery and the most eesential portion of the specificutions of the patenten. It will be seen that among the udvantages ctaimed for the amalgam is that of faeility of packing nnd transporting the solid amalgam. In this connection, we would etate that two or three experiments, of whieh we are eognizant here, would eeem to iudicate that when this solid amalgam is expoeed to the aetion of the air, the sodium gradually oxidizes, and the solid soon melts into a liquid mase, enrrounded by eaustie soda. If there is not some simple means of preventing this aetion, it will bn impoesible to transport mercury thus, in the eolid state, witltont packing it in nir-tight vessels. We should be glad to know bow Mr. Wurtz ohviates tbis difficulty. Further ond careful experiments are needed, and many points conneeted with the application and nse of the sodium amalgam. It is a subject that well deserves to be thoroughly and practically investigated, and we shall be happy, at any time, to reeeive and publish the results of careful and reliable experiments in relation to it. Tue Union AmaLoasator.—We would call the attention of millmen, and others, to the advertisement of the Union Amalgainator, whieh appears in our columne to-day. But little effort hns heretnfore been made to introduee thie pan to public notiee; yet all whn have used it, so far as we have learned, unite in pronouneing it highly effieieat, both ae an umalgamator and as a triturator. It is so eonstructed as to be rua with great speed, presenting a double grinding surlace, revolving in opposite directions; whieh motion effeets a thorough mixiag of the pulp. and admits of n speed three or four times ae rapid as pans where the motion ie single. By this arrangement great eeonomy in weight of metal, cost and epace is secured. It is probably more readily and easily eleaned up than any pan ia use. It may be seen in operation every day at the San Francisco Foundry (Devoe, Densmore & Co.}, eoruer of Mi-sion and Fremont streets, Millmen and others interested iu euch machinery visiting this eity, will do well to eull and examino tbis pan and witaess its operation at the place above designated. Tue Sranparp Soap Co., of this city, manufaeture a most excellent article of washing powder, said to excel anything of the kind in use; and toeontain nothing that will injure the finest fabric. It also possesses the merit of working equally well in either hard or soft water. It is mueh more eonvenient for uee than soap, either hard or soft. Itis for sale by the grocers generally, sn that a trial of its virtuee may readily be made by any one deeiring tn do sn. See advertisement in another column. : To CnrresponpEnts.— Progrees”’ ts welcome; we should be pleased to hear from him often. Another letter from our regular correspondent “D.” next week. “O,. W. E.” and «R, P.” will appear.

Z, AWANN DEW r Y A €O,, PUBLISHERS) nd Pucent Solleliors. 5 SAN FRAN CISCO, Sz ATURDAY, APRIL 14, . 1866, AROS aE. Number 15, TABLE OF CONTENTS. The Tangential Water Wheel. The Colon Ama'gamator. mM Muratrinter \Huntor's Concentrator. stein Aiaabam—W urls’ Heavy Blast. Paw MWivtie Statistics Minine ip Mannt Diablo. Tho Origin of Things. Sudinan. Re Beautitul aU aerton OU Welleto Burgh, What de Saloraiue iter trom £1 Durado coun: Was Votes aud paneer The Prise. guteres Mining Summary, Dterestlag Petrleum Dls-. Editorial and Se elected. 0 rlesin West Virginia [Mining irencisern™ “DireeQui irtz Mines wf Grass) tory. v Tales Stock Sales and Reports. Tntere atl Fact. Sau Franclace Prices Current Atinual Report of the Com. . New Mining and Othor Advertisrinents, etc. iulasluner of Patcuts, Woxpers or tnk AtMospugre.—The atmos. plvre rises nbove us with its cathedrul dome nrching toward hicaven, of which it is the most perfect synonym and symbol. It floats around uz like that, grand object which the apostle John saw in his vision—‘a sea of glass like unto a erystal."’ So massive is it that when it hegins to stir, it tosses great ships like playthings, and sweeps eity and forest like snowflukes to destruction before it. And yet it is so mobile that we have lived for years in it before we eun be persuaded that it exists at all, and the great bulk of mankind never realize the truth that they are bathed iu ao ocean of air. Ita weight is so enormous that iron shivers beforo it like glass, yet a soap bubble sails through it with impunity, and the tiniess inseet waves it aside with his wing. It ministers lavishly tu nll our senses. We tonch it not, but it touches ns. Its warm south wind brings back color to the pale face of the inyalid; its eool west wind refreshes the fevered brow und nukes the blood mantle to our cheeks ; even its north blast braees into new vivor the hardened children of a rngged cltmate. ‘The eye is indebted to it for all the magnificence of sunrise, the brightness of midday, the chastened radiance of the morning, and the clouds that eradle near the setting gun. But for it the rainbow would want its trinmphant areh; and the wind would not eend its fleecy messengers on errands around the heavens; the cold ether would not send snow feathers onthe earth, nor would drops of dew gather on the flowers. ‘The kindly rain would never fall, aor hail-storm nor log diversify the face of the sky. Our naked globe would turn its tanned and unshadowed forehead to the sun, and one dreary, monotonous bluze of light and heat dazzle and burn up all tbings. Were there no atmosphere, the evening sun would in 2 moment set, and without warning, plunye the earth into darkue:s. But the air grasps in her hand a shield of his Trays, and lets them slip through her fingers so that the shadows of evening are gathered by degrees, and the flowers have time to bow their heads, and each creature space to find a plaee for rest, and to nestle to repose. In the niorning, the garish sun would at one bonnd burst from the bosom of aigbt and blaze above the horizoa; but the air watenes his eoming, and sends first but one little ray to another, and then a handful; and so gently draws aside the eurtain of nigbt, and slowly lets the light fall on the face ol the sleeping earth, till her eye-lids open, and like a mun she goes forth again to labor until evening. —_ A Laren ‘Ow Taxx.— Messrs. Brewer, Burke & Co., of Pitsburg, Peun., are erceting an iroa oil tank capable of holding 12,000 barrels. TANGENTIAL TURBINE WATER WHEEL, The annexed illustration represents what is known as the tangentiul turbine, or hurdyguidy water wheel, with a reaction guitle, whereby the water having onco impinged upon tho buckets of the wheel, is mude to react . upon succeeding buekets nntil the force of the 1ush ol water is eutirely exluusted, eo that it drops quietly from the wheel by the mere foree of its gravity. The construction of the wheel may be distinetly seen iu the engruving. The water is seen to rush in, through the conducting pipe, with a veloeity and impulse due to its head. After striking the buckets and passing into the inner side ol the eireumference ol the wheel, it will be observed to be so directed in its motion as to avain receive an upward direetion, striking the buckets at a poiot below tbe place of first contaet, when it imparts the 85 drops per rite. aud LL ineles each drop. With— 175 feet fall and 85 inches water, mniaors? AES moo “ wo + bo. “ it will run a mill of 20 stamps, each 650 pounds, 85 drops per ininute, and 11 inches eaeh drop. The wheel is furnished of different sizes to suit the wishes or necessities of the purchaser. eS Borrion rrom Gop Hint.—The Gold Hill News says: “The amount of bullion shipped

from the Gold IIill Express office, for the snonth of March last, amounts to $590,123.89. For the quarter ending March 3lst, 1866, the shipments reached $1,397,659.70! ‘I'bus, it is manifest that uo less than five millions of raw silver and gold will be dug out and exported from this little burgh during the year 1866. ‘Yhese are itenis for the desolate, and torture . poiota for the eronkers.” TANGENTIAL TURBINE WATER WHEEL. whole of the power remaining in the water after its first impulse. The wheel is now ia successful operation at Hydliff's Mill,in You Bet; atthe Empire Tunnel Company, French Corral; at the Croasus Silver Mill Company, Kearsage; at the Clear Creek Company's Mill,in Tulare county, and other places. It gives a high percentage of work for water eonsumed; is exceedingly simple in its construetion, and eosts bnt little, in comparison to most water wheels. It 1s particularly applicable for high falls, and where the water caa be eonveyed along and down mountain sides, by means of pipes, as in hydraulie mining. ‘The wheel is manufaetured at the Miners’ Foundry in this city. A wheel eight feet in diameter eosts but $500, and is estimated to be capable of performing the following duty: With— 80 feet full and 94 inches water, miners’ measure, oO % OM “ jog 6 « “ mm o so OC«w “ it will run a mill of Lv stamps, each 650 pounds, Ax Ixrernatinc Facr.—During our reeeat visit to the inines of Grass Valleyand Nevada, a very interesting fact cme under our notice, to the effect that all the distinetive features which are so observable in the mines for the first 150 or 200 feet in depth, disappear beyond thut depth, and that the veinstoae thereafter presents a nniform eharacter; so much so, that when speeimens from the lower levels of the deepest mines arn thrown together promiscuously, it is almost impossiole to distinguish the one from the other. On visitiug the Sneath & Clay mine, at Nevada, we fouad the same eharaeteristie to prevail; the veinstone of that miae being quite indistinguishable from that from aay of the deep miacs of Grass Valley. The solitary exception notieed is in the Norambagua, below Grass Valley. The only miae, we believe, in Nevada eounty earrying apy aotieeable quantity of arsenical pyrites. Great Britain alone produces ode-third of all the iroa product of the world. Sopium Amatoam.—Our readers will find a very interesting letter on the eecond page nf the preseut issue, in relatinn to the discovery of the use of sodium amalgam in working gold nres, ‘The letter contains a brief aecount of tho discovery and the most eesential portion of the specificutions of the patenten. It will be seen that among the udvantages ctaimed for the amalgam is that of faeility of packing nnd transporting the solid amalgam. In this connection, we would etate that two or three experiments, of whieh we are eognizant here, would eeem to iudicate that when this solid amalgam is expoeed to the aetion of the air, the sodium gradually oxidizes, and the solid soon melts into a liquid mase, enrrounded by eaustie soda. If there is not some simple means of preventing this aetion, it will bn impoesible to transport mercury thus, in the eolid state, witltont packing it in nir-tight vessels. We should be glad to know bow Mr. Wurtz ohviates tbis difficulty. Further ond careful experiments are needed, and many points conneeted with the application and nse of the sodium amalgam. It is a subject that well deserves to be thoroughly and practically investigated, and we shall be happy, at any time, to reeeive and publish the results of careful and reliable experiments in relation to it. Tue Union AmaLoasator.—We would call the attention of millmen, and others, to the advertisement of the Union Amalgainator, whieh appears in our columne to-day. But little effort hns heretnfore been made to introduee thie pan to public notiee; yet all whn have used it, so far as we have learned, unite in pronouneing it highly effieieat, both ae an umalgamator and as a triturator. It is so eonstructed as to be rua with great speed, presenting a double grinding surlace, revolving in opposite directions; whieh motion effeets a thorough mixiag of the pulp. and admits of n speed three or four times ae rapid as pans where the motion ie single. By this arrangement great eeonomy in weight of metal, cost and epace is secured. It is probably more readily and easily eleaned up than any pan ia use. It may be seen in operation every day at the San Francisco Foundry (Devoe, Densmore & Co.}, eoruer of Mi-sion and Fremont streets, Millmen and others interested iu euch machinery visiting this eity, will do well to eull and examino tbis pan and witaess its operation at the place above designated. Tue Sranparp Soap Co., of this city, manufaeture a most excellent article of washing powder, said to excel anything of the kind in use; and toeontain nothing that will injure the finest fabric. It also possesses the merit of working equally well in either hard or soft water. It is mueh more eonvenient for uee than soap, either hard or soft. Itis for sale by the grocers generally, sn that a trial of its virtuee may readily be made by any one deeiring tn do sn. See advertisement in another column. : To CnrresponpEnts.— Progrees”’ ts welcome; we should be pleased to hear from him often. Another letter from our regular correspondent “D.” next week. “O,. W. E.” and «R, P.” will appear.