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A Case Study of a Northern California Indian Tribe - Cultural Change to 1860 (1977) (109 pages)
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Page: of 109
for a year than to fight them for a week116
The agents split the troubled areas of California into three sections and
pursued their conciliatory program individually in their respective areas. The middle
district, including Nisenan territory, was given to Dr. Wozencraft. Wozencraft's
plan for bringing peace to this area involved relocating Nisenan tribes from their
mountain retreats on to reservations along the Sierra foothills which bordered the
Sacramento valley. Wozencraft reasoned that there would be no place for concealing
stolen stock on these reservations, Nisenan tribes could have proper protection from
their prosecutors, and miners located between Nisenan and the mountains would form a
formidable barrier to Indian immigration back to their homeland 217
While Wozencraft was treaty-making with Indians (probably of the Miwok
Nation) in the upper San Joaquin Valley, Indian-immigrant relations in El Dorado County
continued to deteriorate. Indians had not been defeated in the El Dorado I campaign.
They had retreated temporarily higher up into the mountains until Sheriff Roger'sforce conducted its sweeps and disbandea/18 Renewed Indian raids in El Dorado County
caused a flood of petitions from immigrants for protection. An anonymous citizen of
Placerville wrote the following letter to the editor of the Sacramento Union justifying a full military campaign against hostile Indians in the area.
From estimates made by men familiar with the extent of the
Indian depredations in our county (El Dorado County) no less
than $20,000.00 worth of stock have been stolen over the past
six months. Are we to remain idle and have our companions
murdered murdered and our property stolen? Is not the
government better able to expend a few thousand dollars in
defending our property than we are to lose ours:all for want:
of proper protection?
Sheriff Rogers was ordered to call out three hundred volunteers from Coloma, .
Georgetown, Union City and Placerville to attack Indians (some probably foothill
Nisenan) in the area20 the campaign was called El Dorado II. Rogers positioned :
his force at the two centers of Indian concentration, ten miles above Johnson's.
ranch on the Bear River, in Placer County and on the South-Fork of the American River,
in El Dorado County. In a major attack, Sheriff Rogers and about two hundred volun-